English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For  January 18/2026
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

The Bulletin's Link on the lccc Site
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/aaaanewsfor2026/english.january18.26.htm
 

News Bulletin Achieves Since 2006
Click Here to enter the LCCC Arabic/English news bulletins Achieves since 2006 

Click On The Below Link To Join Elias Bejjaninews whatsapp group
https://chat.whatsapp.com/FPF0N7lE5S484LNaSm0MjW

اضغط على الرابط في أعلى للإنضمام لكروب Eliasbejjaninews whatsapp group

Elias Bejjani/Click on the below link to subscribe to my youtube channel
الياس بجاني/اضغط على الرابط في أسفل للإشتراك في موقعي ع اليوتيوب
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAOOSioLh1GE3C1hp63Camw

Bible Quotations For today
You are Simon son of John. You are to be called Cephas, the rock
John 01/35-42.: “The next day John again was standing with two of his disciples, and as he watched Jesus walk by, he exclaimed, ‘Look, here is the Lamb of God! ’ The two disciples heard him say this, and they followed Jesus. When Jesus turned and saw them following, he said to them, ‘What are you looking for?’ They said to him, ‘Rabbi’ (which translated means Teacher), ‘where are you staying?’ He said to them, ‘Come and see.’ They came and saw where he was staying, and they remained with him that day. It was about four o’clock in the afternoon. One of the two who heard John speak and followed him was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother. He first found his brother Simon and said to him, ‘We have found the Messiah’ (which is translated Anointed).He brought Simon to Jesus, who looked at him and said, ‘You are Simon son of John. You are to be called Cephas’ (which is translated Peter). the rock”."

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on January 17-18/2026
Spiritual & Historical Reflections on the Annual Feast of Saint Mar Matanios – The Hermit Mor Mattai/Elias Bejjani/January 17/2026
Video Link Interview with Former Minister Yousef Salameh from "Beirut24 Podcast."youtube platform
Lebanon Probes Syrian Over Suspected Funds for Assad Loyalist Fighters
Israel Continues Targeting UN Peacekeepers in Southern Lebanon
Text Of Sheikh Naiem Qassem:'s speech: Trump and Netanyahu failed in Iran
The Iran factor: Why north Litani disarmament was postponed
Lebanese Forces Hold Qassem Responsible for Domestic Tension and Incitement
Via Negotiations, the Fall of the Mullahs, or an Israeli War: Farewell to Weapons!
Between Legal Logic and the Wrath of Port Victims’ Families: Why Gracia al-Kazzi?
Franco-American Divergence Halts Resumption of "Mechanism" Meetings
Hezbollah Clarifies: Media Manipulated Qassem’s Statement on Weapons
Yazbek in Response to Qassem: Paving the Way for Physical Assassination
Lebanon: Geagea Call with Aoun Quells Reports of Rift
Perhaps Qassem Needs a Persian Version of the Ministerial Statement... Sovereignty is Not for Bargaining: A Necessary Response to Qassem’s Statements
Qassem Rebels Against the Presidency and Government... Bin Farhan Focuses on Limiting Arms

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on January 17-18/2026
Trump says it is time to look for new leadership in Iran
Iran’s Khamenei says Trump ‘guilty for the casualties’ in protests
Cautious Calm in Iran Amid Heightened Security Measures
Shah's son confident Iran rulers to fall as Trump holds off
Iraq takes full control of air base after US withdrawal, defense ministry says
US Names Rubio, Tony Blair, Kushner to Gaza Board under Trump's Plan
Islamic Jihad says Gaza board of peace members chosen to serve Israeli interests
Israel Says US Gaza Executive Board Composition Against its Policy
Gaza Administration Committee Meets in Cairo Amid Cautious Optimism
Trump invites Turkey’s Erdogan, Egypt’s al-Sisi to board of peace for Gaza
Sisi Says he Values Trump Offer to Mediate Egypt-Ethiopia Dispute on GERD
Trump offers to mediate Egypt-Ethiopia dispute on Nile River waters
Canada’s Carney plans to accept Trump invite to join Gaza board: Aide
Israel Continues Assassinations of Hamas, Islamic Jihad Leaders
Gaza death toll surges to 71,548 as Israeli aggression continues
Kurds Say Sharaa's Decree Falls Short, Syrian Government Forces Enter Deir Hafer
Trump: 8 EU Countries will be Charged 10% Tariff for Opposing US Control of Greenland
Syrian troops poised to launch major attack on SDF amid conflicted US position
US urges Syrian troops to halt advance against Kurdish-held towns
US kills Al-Qaeda affiliate leader tied to December attack in Syria, Centcom says

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on January 17-18/2026
Where Are the So-Called Human Rights Defenders for the People of Iran? ...The Nauseating Double Standards of the Human Rights Industry/Dr. Majid Rafizadeh/Gatestone Institute/January 17/2026
Question: Who was Melchizedek?/GotQuestions.org/January 16/2026
Why Are Mosques Burning in Tehran? In the case of Iran, the answer is complicated/Alberto M. Fernandez/National Catholic Register/Published on January 17/2026
On International Law and the Model/Hazem Saghieh/ Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
UK leader looks to China as Asia-Pacific pivot intensifies/Andrew Hammond/Arab News/January 17, 2026
Fate of the Tehran regime is in its own hands/Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Asharq Al-Awsat/January 17, 2026
Selected Face Book & X tweets/ January 17/2026

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on January 17-18/2026
Spiritual & Historical Reflections on the Annual Feast of Saint Mar Matanios – The Hermit Mor Mattai
Elias Bejjani/January 17/2026
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2026/01/151190/
Who Is Saint Mar Matanios?
Saint Mar Matanios, known in the Syriac tradition as Mar Matthew the Hermit (Mor Mattai), is one of the pillars of Eastern monasticism in the fourth Christian century and the founder of the renowned Monastery of Mar Mattai near Nineveh. He is regarded as one of the great ascetics who contributed to strengthening the faith and spreading monastic life in the Church of the East. The Syriac and Maronite Churches commemorate his annual feast on January 17.
Historical Timeline and Biography
Year of birth: approximately the first quarter of the fourth century (c. 300–305 AD)
Place of birth: the city of Amida (Diyarbakir) in Mesopotamia
Social background: from a family of status and influence, in a non-Christian environment
Conversion to Christianity: in his youth, following a profound spiritual experience that led him to faith in Christ
Entrance into monastic life: around 330–335 AD
First place of ascetic life: the mountains and wilderness near Nineveh (present-day Iraq)
Foundation of the monastery: the nucleus of the Monastery of Mar Mattai around 363 AD, which later became a major monastic and spiritual center
Year of death: approximately 410–420 AD
Place of death: in his monastery near Nineveh
Recognition of sainthood (canonization): not by a conciliar decree as in the Latin concept, but by the consensus of the Church and living tradition since the fifth century; his name was included in the Syriac and Maronite Synaxaria
His Ascetic and Monastic Life
Mar Matanios chose the path of total renunciation, living a strict ascetic life of fasting and vigil, constant prayer, inner silence, obedience, and humility, rejecting all worldly glory. Many disciples gathered around him, and his ascetic experience developed into an organized monastic movement that became one of the foundations of Eastern Syriac monasticism.
His Miracles According to Church Tradition
The Synaxaria and spiritual biographies affirm that God glorified His saint through many miracles, most notably the healing of the sick from incurable physical illnesses, the casting out of evil spirits through prayer and the sign of the Cross, the protection of believers and monks during times of persecution and turmoil, and numerous miracles through his intercession after his death, especially for the sick and the weak. These miracles are understood as signs of the saint’s union with God, not as ends in themselves.
His Impact on Church and Monastic Life
Monastic impact:
The establishment of the model of communal monasticism in the East
The formation of generations of monks and bishops
The transformation of the Monastery of Mar Mattai into a spiritual and theological school
Ecclesial impact:
The strengthening of Christian faith in religiously diverse regions
The consolidation of Syriac spiritual and liturgical identity
The offering of a living witness of holiness that drew believers to the Church
What the Maronite Synaxarion Says About the Saint
The Maronite Synaxarion presents Saint Mar Matanios as a holy ascetic monk who abandoned wealth and worldly glory, dwelt in the wilderness out of love for Christ, founded a monastery that became a beacon of holiness, and became renowned for his powerful prayer and miracles. The Church celebrates his feast annually on January 17, highlighting his ascetic virtues and effective intercession.
The Relationship of Saint Mar Matanios with Lebanon
Although the saint’s life unfolded in Mesopotamia, his veneration reached Lebanon through the Syriac–Maronite tradition. This is manifested in churches bearing his name according to local tradition, ancient churches and monasteries dedicated to him in Mount Lebanon and the North, especially in areas influenced by Syriac heritage, as well as altars or side altars dedicated to him in some Maronite churches.
Monasteries:There is a spiritual bond between Maronite monasteries in Lebanon and Syriac monasticism that originated from the School of Mar Mattai. His name is mentioned in liturgical books and monastic biographies circulated in monasteries. It is worth noting that the spread of his name in Lebanon is primarily spiritual and liturgical rather than directly historical.
Asceticism, and love are the true path to the salvation of humanity and of nations
While, Saint Mar Matanios remains a witness that holiness shapes history, and that the ascetic monk can be a father to generations and nations. On his glorious feast, the Church renews her faith that prayer, asceticism, and love are the true path to the salvation of humanity and of nations.
A Prayer to Saint Mar Matanios for Lebanon
O Saint of God, Mar Matanios, you who knew the path of peace in the heart of the desert, and who made prayer a wall and a protection, we ask you today for wounded Lebanon: protect its people from wars and destruction, ward off every occupation, domination, and terrorism, bring an end to violence, killing, and corruption, and deliver it from all the forces of evil that have disfigured its face and suffocated its freedom.
Intercede, O Saint of God, that peace may return to the Land of the Cedars, that the state may rise in truth and justice, and that the Lebanese may live in dignity and security. Amen.
Clarifying Note: This text refers to Saint Mar Matanios (Mar Matthew the Hermit), founder of the Monastery of Mar Mattai near Nineveh in Mesopotamia, and should not be confused with Saint Matanios the Desert Dweller who lived in the Egyptian wilderness, as they are two distinct saints belonging to different ecclesial traditions.
NB: The information in this study is cited from various documented ecclesiastical, theological, research, and media references.
*The author, Elias Bejjani, is a Lebanese expatriate activist
Author’s Email: Phoenicia@hotmail.com
Author’s Website: https://eliasbejjaninews.com

Video Link Interview with Former Minister Yousef Salameh from "Beirut24 Podcast."youtube platform
January 17/2026
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2026/01/151232/
Salameh discussed the conclusion of the role of state-sponsored terrorism and the regional shift toward federalism as a precursor to resolving the Palestinian cause. He emphasized that political Islam, in both its Sunni and Shia branches, was originally created to justify the existence of Israel and that its job has now ended. He asserted that 2026 will mark the end of wars and sorrows in the region.

Lebanon Probes Syrian Over Suspected Funds for Assad Loyalist Fighters
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
A senior Lebanese security source said Lebanese military intelligence is questioning Syrian national Ahmad Dunya and examining the origins of funds seized in his possession and their presumed destinations, stopping short of saying they were intended to finance fighters as part of a plot to destabilize Syria’s newly installed leadership. The source said Dunya is the only person still in custody from a group detained on suspicion of illegal activities. Investigators decided to keep him under questioning to determine how the funds were being used. The amounts involved, the source said, are large enough to raise suspicion but too small to suggest large-scale financing aimed at threatening the new leadership in Syria. Rejecting what he described as rushing to hasty conclusions, the source said the investigation is proceeding in the right direction. He also denied that Lebanon had received from Syrian authorities a list of 200 former regime officials allegedly involved in a similar plot. He said tens of thousands of supporters of the former regime entered Lebanon after the collapse of the government, but there was no indication that senior former officials were among them. Reuters cited two security sources and two of Dunya’s former partners as saying he was arrested earlier this week in Lebanon. However, the Lebanese judiciary denied being informed of such an arrest. Two judicial sources involved in detentions and in coordination with Lebanese security agencies told Asharq Al-Awsat that the security services had not informed them of an incident of this kind. Reuters also quoted two Lebanese security sources and two of Dunya’s former partners as confirming his detention. The security sources did not specify the charges against him or whether he would be handed over to Syria. About a month ago, Reuters published an investigation detailing separate plans by aides of former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to finance potential Alawite armed groups in Lebanon and along the Syrian coast through financial intermediaries. The Reuters investigation said Dunya was one of those intermediaries and had transferred funds from billionaire Rami Makhlouf, Assad’s cousin, who is now living in exile in Moscow with the former Syrian ruler, to potential fighters in Lebanon and Syria. A former partner of Dunya and a Syrian figure close to Makhlouf confirmed that Dunya was a key financial intermediary and that he had been detained in Lebanon. The sources said Dunya managed extensive financial records, including payroll lists and receipts. They added that in recent months, he had been skimming a portion of Makhlouf’s transfers for himself.

Israel Continues Targeting UN Peacekeepers in Southern Lebanon
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Attacks on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) have continued in southern Lebanon, raising growing concern among Lebanese and diplomatic circles. The latest incident occurred on Thursday in the border village of Adaisseh, where an Israeli drone dropped a grenade near a UNIFIL patrol despite prior coordination with the Israeli army. No injuries were reported. In a statement, UNIFIL said that while its patrol was conducting routine operations, peacekeepers “were warned by locals about a potential danger at a home and discovered an explosive device connected to a detonating cord.”
“The peacekeepers set up a security cordon and prepared to check another house. Soon after, a drone that had been hovering overhead dropped a grenade about 30 meters from the peacekeepers,” said the statement. Such Israeli activities on Lebanese territory put local civilians at risk and are a violation of Security Council Rresolution 1701, it added. It warned that any actions that put peacekeepers at risk are serious violations of Resolution 1701, and undermine stability. Lebanese sources familiar with UNIFIL’s operations said the incident was not an isolated event but part of a pattern of repeated Israeli targeting of UN peacekeeping patrols and positions over the past two years, including in areas subject to clear international security arrangements. According to the sources, Israeli actions have continued despite advance notification of UNIFIL movements along the Blue Line. UNIFIL patrols routinely inform the Israeli army of their routes, locations, and timing to avoid misunderstandings, weakening claims of accidental or mistaken targeting. The sources said there is no convincing military or political explanation for the repeated incidents other than a deliberate effort to pressure or limit the presence of the international force in southern Lebanon. Diplomatic sources warned that such attacks hinder UNIFIL’s ability to carry out its mandate to maintain stability and monitor the cessation of hostilities, despite repeated investigations that have yielded inconclusive results.

Text Of Sheikh Naiem Qassem:'s speech: Trump and Netanyahu failed in Iran
Al-Manar/17 January 2026 
Hezbollah Secretary General Sheikh Naim Qassem declared that US President Donald Trump “wants to interfere in all regions of the world to obstruct democratic life, with the aim of seizing global resources.” Speaking at a ceremony organized by the Holy Quran Association for Guidance and Instruction, commemorating the advent of the Prophet’s Mission, Al-Mabaz Al-Nabawai, he added that Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu “mobilized their agents in Iran to overthrow the government and control the Iranian resistance.” Regarding
Trump and Netanyahu’s failure in Iran
, Sheikh Qassem stated that Trump and Netanyahu “have failed in their latest project in Iran, as millions of Iranians have taken to the streets.”
He noted that the marches in Iran “have shown the will and demands of the people.” He then asked, “Can millions of people be compared to a few dozen subversive agents?”Sheikh Qassem believes that the US “does not desire a free system or a self-governing people, but rather seeks to control nations and their decisions, and to support the Israeli occupation so that it can expand in the region.” “The resistance of the Iranian people, under their enlightened leadership, with their representatives, security forces, and the active participation of the people, has thwarted the US objective of overthrowing the system.”He emphasized that Hezbollah considers Iran “unbreakable and strong, and that it will continue to be the bastion of jihad, resistance, independence, freedom, and a source of inspiration for the oppressed,” stating that “they will not be able to defeat the millions of people who have joined its leadership and its decisions.”Regarding Venezuela, he stated that “the US committed a crime of the century in Venezuela by kidnapping the president within the country,” and called for “a global people’s movement to put an end to the unjustified arrogance of the US, which only seeks domination and tyranny, in order to preserve the rights of peoples.”
No National Sovereignty:
Regarding the situation in Lebanon, the Hezbollah leader emphasized that Lebanese sovereignty and liberation are the foundations and pillars of state-building and lamented the lack of concrete implementation of these principles.
According to him, the continued Israeli aggression plunges Lebanon into a situation of “no national sovereignty,” insisting on the need for the state to develop effective programs to regain its sovereignty. He clarified that the demand for an arms monopoly is an Israeli-American demand intended to contain the resistance, and not a Lebanese problem, but rather a problem for the Israeli entity, which seeks to usurp territories. Sheikh Qassem asserted that any concessions to the Israeli entity or any other compromise would only further weaken Lebanon, questioning why Lebanon is being asked to make concessions without receiving anything in return. He emphasized that the weapons held by the resistance serve for self-defense, the defense of the resistance, and the defense of the Lebanese people.
Disarmament will bring massacres.
According to him, if the Lebanese do not possess weapons to defend themselves, no one can guarantee that “Israel” will not violate every inch of Lebanese territory, citing numerous examples. He warned that surrendering weapons would lead to a resurgence of kidnappings and massacres throughout Lebanon.
He emphasized that disarmament is unacceptable, as it carries the risk of the murder of Lebanese citizens and attacks on entire populations. He insisted that the resistance will continue and that Lebanon will not be exempt from resistance.
Sheikh Qassem declared, “They will never succeed in disarming us so they can kill us and our people.”“ As long as they continue attacking, we will remain the resistance, and Lebanon will not be exempt from resistance.” He added, “If we have no weapons and do not defend ourselves, who can guarantee that Israel will not violate every corner of Lebanon?”
Lebanon is in a state of instability
. On this subject, Sheikh Qassem stated that stability has not been achieved in Lebanon since the war “due to the US-Israeli aggression and the ongoing occupation, not to mention the poison spread by certain forces through lies and media disinformation.”He added, “Whatever progress is made, without security stability, there will be no political or economic stability.”He emphasized that “in this new phase, after the initial difficulties, the Lebanese state has the responsibility to protect Lebanon and its people after decades of neglect.” He insisted that one of the conditions of this phase is “the implementation of the agreement,” noting that “Lebanon has fulfilled all its obligations, but Israel has not.”He clarified that “the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon is definitive, with no possibility of extension or a second phase,” emphasizing that the Lebanese state implemented it, while “the Israeli entity did nothing.”He added that “the Israeli entity has nothing to do with Resolution 1701, which is a purely Lebanese matter, as is the arms monopoly and the national security strategy, which is based on an agreement between the political forces.”Sheikh Qassem asserted that “the inability to build a state is due to US-Israeli aggression, the cartel of financial and political corruption, and the group subservient to US hegemony.”According to him, “this group, subservient to US hegemony, encourages Israeli aggression with its stances.” It sows discord between the army and the resistance, between the army and the people, and among the various entities within the state, hoping that the enemy will grant it influence on the political scene. Sheikh Qassem reacted to statements by
Foreign
Minister Youssef Rajji, asserting that “there is no Foreign Minister in the country, and his absence paralyzes the diplomacy that defends Lebanon.” He added that “Minister Rajji is acting against the policies of the government and the presidency, and is siding with Israel by allowing the enemy to attack Lebanon,” and asked, “What kind of patriot behaves like this?”
He warned that “Rajji is endangering civil peace by inciting sedition by calling on the Lebanese army to take decisive action against the people,” noting that “he wants to plunge Lebanon into civil war.”He stressed that the Lebanese government "has the responsibility to resolve the problem of the Foreign Minister, who is not acting in accordance with its directives," insisting that the solution lies "in replacing him, silencing him, or forcing him to adhere to the Lebanese position." He asserted that "one of the reasons for the government's weakness is the absence of a Foreign Minister who expresses Lebanon's national demands."
Without resistance, Lebanon would collapse.
Sheikh Qassem explained that "Lebanon faces aggression, corruption, and subjugation," considering that "all these scourges are opposed to the current administration, to state-building, to the people, to the army, and to the resistance."
He warned that "the total collapse of all this will leave nothing standing, and no one will be saved," emphasizing that "if this resistance, this environment, and this people are not protected, and if we are not all united, no one will survive."
He asserted that “attacking Lebanon’s stability and the resistance, an essential component of it, will have repercussions for each and every one of us. Nothing will remain, and no one will be safe, as long as the resistance, this environment, and this people are not protected, and as long as we are not all united.”

The Iran factor: Why north Litani disarmament was postponed
Naharnet/17 January 2026 
The local and international consensus, which weeks ago resulted in postponing the second phase of the disarmament plan for several weeks, was linked to the latest developments in Iran, a media report said. "Arab intel reached Lebanese officials suggesting that a strike on Iran would occur in mid-January. Such a strike would have allegedly forced Hezbollah to lower its demands, accept surrendering its weapons north of the Litani, hand all its cards over to the state, and implement the second phase without internal tensions or clashes," ad-Diyar newspaper reported on Saturday. "It was emphasized that this 'calm scenario' would also encompass the third phase concerning Greater Beirut and the fourth phase regarding the Bekaa. Contacts even reached their peak with Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, urging him to talkn to Hezbollah and persuade it not to enter the war should the United States execute its attack on Tehran. Some officials even conveyed direct and indirect messages to Hezbollah, asking them to stay out of the conflict and warning against opening the southern front or using ballistic missiles," the daily said. However, the Lebanese officials "received no answer or word on the matter from Hezbollah; the messages were ignored and left without comment," the newspaper added. According to sources close to this file, this is the primary reason for postponing the second phase of the disarmament process north of the Litani for a month or two.Reports suggest that some Lebanese officials were surprised by the postponement of the U.S. strike, as this development will "hinder the implementation of the second phase," ad-Diyar said.

Lebanese Forces Hold Qassem Responsible for Domestic Tension and Incitement
Charbel Makhlouf/Al-Markazia/January 17/2026  (Translated from Arabic)
Al-Markazia: Hezbollah Secretary-General Sheikh Naim Qassem stated that Foreign Minister Youssef Ragi is acting outside the state and the Presidency’s policies, "manipulating civil peace and inciting sedition." Qassem claimed Ragi stands against the Presidency, the government, the Lebanese people, and the Resistance, calling on the Lebanese government to address this "flaw" by replacing the minister, silencing him, or forcing him to adhere to Lebanon’s official policy. In response, MP Ghiath Yazbek, a member of the "Strong Republic" bloc, told Qassem: "Anyone who verbally or morally attacks Lebanese Forces ministers, bypassing the proper ethical, critical, and supervisory frameworks recognized in respected countries—regardless of their rank, whether civilian or cleric—is paving the way for the physical assassination of these ministers." Yazbek added that Qassem’s memory seems to be failing him, as he himself authorized Speaker Nabih Berri to sign the ceasefire agreement on November 27, before Minister Ragi was even in the government. Therefore, Ragi is simply doing his duty by demanding adherence to the signed agreement, which was included in the ministerial declaration approved by Hezbollah's own ministers. In this context, Lebanese Forces official Maroun Maroun told Al-Markazia that "Sheikh Naim Qassem and the entire Muman'a (Axis of Resistance) camp insist on keeping Lebanon in a state of domestic political tension and dragging wars into the country." Maroun noted that Qassem’s speech has two dimensions:
A message to Israel via Lebanon: By saying "it will be a long time before you disarm us," Qassem is threatening the Lebanese state and sending a direct message to Israel that "we still have our weapons." This implicitly invites Netanyahu to deploy his jets and destroy more Lebanese areas, further collapsing the country and incurring massive debts just to serve Iran’s interests in upcoming negotiations with the U.S. Incitement against the Foreign Minister: Maroun argued that those who "invaded Beirut on May 7, assassinated Martyr Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, occupied downtown Beirut, carried out assassinations, and blocked the Port blast investigation" are the ones truly responsible for inciting sedition. Maroun concluded by stating that "illegal weapons have kidnapped Lebanon," and that Qassem’s rhetoric is now rejected by the vast majority of Lebanese. He called on the state to take action against these statements that "threaten civil peace."

Via Negotiations, the Fall of the Mullahs, or an Israeli War: Farewell to Weapons!

Lara Yazbek/Al-Markazia/January 17/2026   (Translated from Arabic)
Al-Markazia: Reports on Thursday morning indicated a decline in the likelihood of imminent U.S. strikes on Iran. According to President Donald Trump, this is due to several factors, primarily Iran’s cessation of executing protesters and its readiness to negotiate. Following this, Tel Aviv resumed its language of threats and "fire and iron" against Hezbollah. On Thursday afternoon, the Israeli army launched six airstrikes targeting the outskirts of Hermel, specifically the Ras al-Assi area and the hills of Brissa for the first time. It also targeted buildings in Sahmar and Machghara in the Western Beqaa after the Israeli military spokesperson issued "urgent warnings" for residents to evacuate. Political sources told Al-Markazia that there is a clear link between the situation in Iran and the status of Hezbollah. Tel Aviv reportedly delayed expanding its military operations against Hezbollah to see what would happen in Iran. If Washington strikes Iran, Israel would be free to counter any retaliatory strikes from Tehran or its proxies. If the Iranian regime falls, the need for an Israeli war against its arms—primarily Hezbollah—would vanish. The sources added that the decision to end Hezbollah’s military wing is "irreversible" in both Israel and the U.S. This will happen in one of three ways: Negotiations: Tehran agrees to abandon Hezbollah’s military apparatus. Regime Change: The automatic collapse of the wing following the fall of the Iranian regime. Military Operation: A definitive Israeli military campaign, unless the Lebanese state moves quickly to ensure all weapons are exclusively in its hands. Regardless of the method, the sources conclude, all paths lead to one result: the end of Hezbollah’s weapons.

Between Legal Logic and the Wrath of Port Victims’ Families: Why Gracia al-Kazzi?

Joana Farah/Al-Markazia/January 17/ 2026  (Translated from Arabic)
The families of the 230 victims of the Beirut Port explosion did not expect such a moral blow. Just as they expected Judge Tarek Bitar to issue an indictment following the dismissal of a lawsuit against him on January 8, the Cabinet issued a decision yesterday appointing Gracia al-Kazzi as Director General of Customs. Al-Kazzi’s name is on the list of individuals expected to bear administrative and supervisory responsibility for the accumulation of ammonium nitrate that led to the 2020 disaster. While some argue that "a person is innocent until proven guilty" and that being summoned for questioning does not equal a conviction, the controversy lies in the optics. Photos of al-Kazzi celebrating her appointment with a "toast" on social media have deeply provoked the victims' families. A judicial source told Al-Markazia that the appointment is not legally "invalid" as no final court ruling has been issued against her. She was previously a member of the Higher Council of Customs, meaning she was already a functioning official despite the investigation. However, lawyer Bashir Amin told Al-Markazia that while the legal "presumption of innocence" exists, logical analysis places responsibility on her due to her position at the time. He stated, "The decision to appoint her proves that the executive authority has pre-judged the innocence of certain individuals or is concealing information about the parties involved—and that is the ultimate scandal." In a video message, activist William Noun called the appointment "insulting," stating that her responsibility is equal to that of other high-ranking officials like Badri Daher. He addressed al-Kazzi directly: "You were drinking a toast, but on your neck is the blood of 230 victims." Protesters have taken to the streets with photos of the victims, demanding the appointment be rescinded, warning that if she is eventually indicted, it will permanently stain the current Presidential term of Joseph Aoun.

Franco-American Divergence Halts Resumption of "Mechanism" Meetings
Al-Markazia/January 17/2026  (Translated from Arabic)
Information obtained by Al-Jadeed TV indicates that "several factors have obstructed the resumption of the 'Mechanism' meetings. Most prominent among these are the Franco-American divergence regarding the civil role, the pending Army report concerning the exclusivity of weapons north of the Litani River, and disagreements over the meeting agenda."

Hezbollah Clarifies: Media Manipulated Qassem’s Statement on Weapons
Al-Markazia/January 17/2026  (Translated from Arabic)
Hezbollah’s Media Relations office clarified that a truncated sentence from Secretary-General Sheikh Naim Qassem’s speech is being circulated in the media, leading to a distortion of the original meaning. In a statement, Media Relations said: "A partial sentence from the speech of Hezbollah Secretary-General His Eminence Sheikh Naim Qassem is being circulated, which is: ‘They think we are nothing. The exclusivity of weapons cannot end from now until Lebanon ends.’"The statement added: "We wish to clarify that the full sentence, as it appeared literally in the speech and as recorded in the audio, is as follows: 'Do they think we are nothing, or do they think we just arrived yesterday? What is wrong with you people? You know that for Israel, the issue of the exclusivity of weapons can never end until Lebanon ends, ceases to exist, and falls entirely under the Israeli umbrella. This is because it is an open-ended matter for them; they will keep telling you: "There are still weapons in this place," "There are still weapons in that spot," and "There are still weapons in this location."'"

Yazbek in Response to Qassem: Paving the Way for Physical Assassination
Al-Markazia/January 17/2026  (Translated from Arabic)
Following the remarks made by Hezbollah Secretary-General Sheikh Naim Qassem regarding Foreign Minister Youssef Ragi, MP Ghiath Yazbek, a member of the "Strong Republic" bloc, posted on X: "Anyone who verbally or morally attacks Lebanese Forces ministers, bypassing the proper ethical, critical, and supervisory frameworks customary in respected countries—regardless of their rank, whether civilian or cleric and all specialties and roles in between—is paving the way for the physical assassination of these ministers. Furthermore, such an aggressor assassinates the reputation and institutions of the Lebanese state and conspires with villains to harm its people and destroy the country, because our ministers represent dignity, sovereignty, and the state, and they work to protect these values."
Addressing the "aggressor," he concluded: "Use a bit of intelligence; those who preceded you committed these acts and ended up in the dustbin of history. Have you not learned?

Lebanon: Geagea Call with Aoun Quells Reports of Rift
Beirut: Nazeer Rida/Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
A phone call on Friday between Lebanese Forces leader Samir Geagea and President Joseph Aoun helped quell speculation of serious rifts between the two, after weeks of reports suggesting relations had deteriorated into what some described as a “shaky relationship.”
Geagea statement
The LF said on Friday that Geagea had spoken by phone with Aoun to congratulate him on the first anniversary of his election, saying the year had marked “a real launch for the process of restoring the state and putting it back on the right track, toward a real and capable state.”Geagea praised positions voiced by Aoun on the anniversary of his election, saying they were “a clear extension of the oath speech,” particularly his emphasis on the exclusive right of the Lebanese state to bear arms and on war and peace decisions being the sole prerogative of the state, restoring respect for the constitution and the concept of national sovereignty. According to the Lebanese Forces statement, the call also addressed regional developments, with emphasis on the need to shield Lebanon from regional conflicts to safeguard its stability, security, and the interests of its people.The two sides also discussed a number of domestic issues, foremost parliamentary elections and the need to hold them on time, and to enable non-resident Lebanese to vote from their places of residence for all members of parliament.
No rupture, no disputes
Media remarks by LF officials in recent weeks had reflected differences between the two sides and pointed to an unstable relationship that began to surface publicly during Pope Leo XIV’s visit to Beirut in early December, when party leaders were not invited to the reception ceremony at the presidential palace in Baabda.Lawmaker Strida Geagea described that at the time as “surprising,” while Samir Geagea did not attend the mass held on Beirut’s waterfront for security reasons. Subsequent statements by Lebanese Forces officials highlighted political differences, fueling assessments of tensions and a rupture. However, LF sources insisted there had been no rupture and no fundamental disputes, only differences that are “a right in politics,” reiterating that there were “no disagreements.” The sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that “on the strategic track, we agree with President Aoun and Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, but there are files on which we oppose them,” citing most recently differences with the PM over a draft law on the financial gap.They stressed that these differences “do not turn into a personal issue.”
Ongoing contacts
The sources said ties between Geagea and Aoun were maintained at four levels. The first was direct personal contact between the two, which was not made public, except for this call to congratulate Aoun on his election anniversary and to follow up on his recent positions. The second channel was through envoys sent by Geagea to the presidency. The third was through the two sides’ teams, who remain in constant coordination. The fourth level of communication was through Lebanese Forces ministers in the government. They said the LF fully agree with Aoun’s strategic vision on exclusive state control of arms and state-building, adding, “We share with him the major national goals and the state project. We never questioned his positions, and he has maintained the same stance since his election.”The sources said the differences lay in the pace and method of implementing the strategic vision, acknowledging that this is the president’s prerogative, while the Lebanese Forces believe that implementation of the cabinet decisions taken on Aug. 5 and 7 on exclusive state control of arms should be accelerated. They said some files need to be settled, such as enforcing exclusive state control of arms, so the process does not drag on, noting that the issue remains a key obstacle to state-building, even though both sides share the same objective of reaching an effective state. Other differences were described by the sources as “situational” and part of daily politics, such as the LF’ call for the government to exert additional pressure on Speaker Nabih Berri to place its draft amendment to the electoral law on the agenda, among other day-to-day issues.

Qassem Rebels Against the Presidency and Government... Bin Farhan Focuses on Limiting Arms
Nidaa Al-Watan/January 18/2027 (Translated from Arabic)
Once again, Hezbollah Secretary-General Sheikh Naim Qassem appeared to be "singing outside the choir." He emerged with threats and warnings, disregarding the efforts made by the Presidency and the Government to extend state authority over all its territories, keep the specter of war away from the country, and restore Lebanon’s relations with the Arab and international communities.
After renewing his party's support for the crumbling regime in Iran and the Venezuelan regime—whose president, Nicolás Maduro, was ousted a week ago—Qassem devoted significant space to internal affairs. He ignored Cabinet decisions and the Army’s plan to restrict weapons, stating clearly that anyone thinking of disarming the "Party" is chasing a pipe dream (literally: "it would be a long shot for their neck").
He further escalated tensions by launching an incomprehensible attack on Foreign Minister Youssef Rejji, labeling him with the harshest descriptions. He accused him of working away from the policy of the Presidency and Government and contrary to Lebanon’s interests, claiming that Rejji is "ineffective for the government, has disabled the diplomacy that defends Lebanon... and wants to lead Lebanon into civil war," suggesting that the solution is "either to change him or silence him."
A monitoring source commented to Nidaa Al-Watan on Qassem’s escalatory stance, saying: "The Party’s Secretary-General has rebelled once again against the state, its decisions, and its measures, showing no regard for its prestige. He implied that his party remains the ultimate decision-maker in Lebanon and that his 'mini-state' still holds the final word."
The source considered that as the noose tightens on the "Mullah regime" in Iran, the "Party" will become more defiant. This explains Qassem’s violent attack on Minister Rejji and his sovereign positions, which the Party was not accustomed to in some previous governments. The same source noted that the Foreign Minister is implementing to the letter the content of the Inaugural Speech and the Ministerial Statement that Qassem spoke of yesterday. Attacking a government minister in this manner and demanding he be "changed or silenced" is a dangerous statement that crosses red lines and must be met with a response from official authorities.Away from Qassem’s threats, echoes of reactions to recent appointments resonated in the Grand Serail. Prime Minister Nawaf Salam commented, saying he understands the feelings of concern, particularly among the families of the martyrs and victims of the Beirut Port explosion, reaffirming his commitment to the full truth in this case.He added that the presumption of innocence is a fundamental pillar of justice. This means that as long as no judgment has been issued against any person, they have the right to exercise their full rights, including appointment to public administrations.
Meanwhile, Saudi envoy Prince Yazid bin Farhan concluded his meetings in Beirut with a lengthy session with the head of the Free Patriotic Movement, MP Gebran Bassil. The meeting ended with an emphasis on the importance of safeguarding Lebanon's stability, preserving its unity, and building a strong state based on independence and sovereignty. They stressed the necessity for national decision-making to remain exclusively in the hands of the state and its legitimate institutions, foremost among them the Lebanese Army.
Bin Farhan, accompanied by Saudi Ambassador Walid Bukhari, also met with MP Neemat Frem. Frem stated that he sensed the Saudi envoy's satisfaction with the government’s movement and good performance, and the wise positions of President Joseph Aoun. He explained that Bin Farhan showed great interest in the issue of limiting arms to the state, emphasizing that "the difficulty of the file does not mean laxity, but rather requires more effort and serious support to resolve this issue."

Perhaps Qassem Needs a Persian Version of the Ministerial Statement... Sovereignty is Not for Bargaining: A Necessary Response to Qassem’s Statements
Nidaa Al-Watan/January 18/2027 (Translated from Arabic)
A political source monitoring the situation told Nidaa Al-Watan that "the recent statements by Sheikh Naim Qassem against Foreign Minister Youssef Rejji require a clear and principled response, as they touch upon the core of Lebanese sovereignty and legitimate diplomatic work."
The source analyzed Qassem’s positions as follows:
First: Claiming that the Foreign Minister "implements Israel’s policy" is a dangerous and unjustified accusation. The adopted Lebanese foreign policy serves Lebanon’s interests first—protecting its people and restoring sovereignty over all its lands. Diplomatic work to stop aggression and protect civilians is not treason, but a national duty.Second: Calling to "silence" or "change" a minister because he is exercising his constitutional duties constitutes a blatant assault on the powers of the legitimate government. The Lebanese government is the one that decides its policies, not any outside party, regardless of its political or military weight. Third: Lebanon has paid a heavy price in blood and destruction due to decisions in which the state and its institutions played no part. What is required today is the strengthening of state sovereignty and institutions, not their weakening or placement under guardianship.
Fourth (and quite frankly): The "language" used by Sheikh Qassem, accompanied by self-aggrandizement and inflation of capabilities, no longer convinces anyone. If Sheikh Qassem has "another solution" other than the diplomacy adopted by the Foreign Minister and the Lebanese state, and if he is signaling a refusal to place weapons under the state's umbrella, the obvious question arises: What will he do with these weapons? Continuing to sell people "heroics" and illusions of a "victory" that only appears in speeches is no longer resistance; it is a trade in illusions at the expense of an exhausted country and a people paying the price alone. The political source continued: "To Sheikh Naim Qassem we say: Lebanon needs a foreign policy that protects it and serves its interests, not a policy dictated to it by any party. Lebanese diplomacy will remain at the service of the Lebanese people alone, not at the service of 'bidding wars' or 'podiums'.""Finally, it might be useful to send the Ministerial Statement and the cessation of hostilities agreement to Sheikh Qassem in the language he understands best (Persian), as long as the Lebanese text is no longer sufficient to clarify the extent of the Foreign Minister's commitment to government policy. Or perhaps the problem is not with the language at all, but rather that the truth is too heavy to be told, and defeat is too difficult to be acknowledged."

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on January 17-18/2026
Trump says it is time to look for new leadership in Iran
Al Arabiya English/17 January/2026
US President Donald Trump said it was time to look for new leadership in Iran where protests sparked by anger over economic hardship seem to have waned. “It’s time to look for new leadership in Iran,” Trump told POLITICO.
Trump’s comments came shortly after Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei accused the US president of being responsible for “casualties” during the recent protests that erupted on December 28 over economic hardship and swelled into widespread demonstrations calling for the end of clerical rule in the Islamic Republic. Trump has repeatedly threatened to intervene, including by threatening “very strong action” if Iran executed protesters. But on Friday, in a social media post, he thanked Tehran's leaders, saying they had called off mass hangings. Iran said there was “no plan to hang people.”Trump also slammed Khamenei describing him as a “sick man,” and said Iranian rulers rely on repression to govern. “What he is guilty of, as the leader of a country, is the complete destruction of the country and the use of violence at levels never seen before,” Trump said. “In order to keep the country functioning— even though that function is a very low level— the leadership should focus on running his country properly, like I do with the United States, and not killing people by the thousands in order to keep control… Leadership is about respect, not fear and death” “The man is a sick man who should run his country properly and stop killing people,” Trump said.“His country is the worst place to live anywhere in the world because of poor leadership.”with agencies

Iran’s Khamenei says Trump ‘guilty for the casualties’ in protests
AFP/17 January/2026
Iran’s supreme leader Ali Khamenei on Saturday accused US President Donald Trump of being responsible for “casualties” during a protest wave in the country that rights groups said was met with a deadly crackdown. “We hold the American president guilty for the casualties, damages and accusations he has levelled against the Iranian nation,” he told a crowd of supporters during an address marking a religious holiday. “This was an American conspiracy,” he said, adding that “America’s goal is to swallow Iran... the goal is to put Iran back under military, political and economic domination.”Khamenei also called on authorities to “break the back of the seditionists” after a crackdown on a protest wave against the country’s clerical authorities. “We do not intend to lead the country to war, but we will not spare domestic criminals... worse than domestic criminals, international criminals, we will not spare them either,” he told supporters during an address marking a religious holiday. “By God’s grace, the Iranian nation must break the back of the seditionists just as it broke the back of the sedition.” Iran was rocked by weeks of demonstrations sparked by anger over economic hardship that exploded into the biggest protests against the Islamic Republic in more than three years despite a deadly crackdown rights groups say left thousands dead under an internet blackout. Iranian authorities have blamed the United States for the mass demonstrations they have called "riots" and "terrorist" operations.

Cautious Calm in Iran Amid Heightened Security Measures
London: Asharq Al Awsat Tehran: Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Iran is facing a sweeping security crackdown after a wave of arrests and the heavy deployment of forces in Tehran and other cities, as residents and a rights group said protests have largely abated under the weight of the clampdown. Accounts from residents in the capital described a cautious calm since Sunday, with drones circling overhead and patrols stationed at major intersections and squares, amid a sharp curtailment of information flows because of internet outages and restricted communications. Videos circulating online pointed to what were described as “maximum security” conditions in cities, including Mashhad, where security personnel in dark uniforms and special vehicles were seen on the streets, alongside a complete internet blackout that has lasted for eight days. Despite the broader lull, videos showed a group of residents in Zahedan marching through the city’s streets on Friday after weekly prayers, even as reports spoke of tight security and extensive measures around the prayers. Independent rights sources, including the Baloch Activists Campaign, said Zahedan had seen a heavy security presence. Protests erupted on Dec. 28 after a surge in inflation and worsening economic conditions in Iran, whose economy is weighed down by sanctions, before escalating into one of the biggest challenges to the ruling establishment since 1979. While residents said streets appeared calm, many asked not to be named for safety reasons. A resident in a northern city on the Caspian Sea said conditions there were also quiet, with security overshadowing daily life. An elderly woman in a northwestern town that was an early flashpoint said sporadic protests were still occurring but with less intensity, adding she had never seen scenes like those that accompanied the earlier escalation in violence. Iran’s education ministry said it would decide on Saturday whether Tehran’s schools would return to in-person classes or continue remote learning, as they did last week, a sign of broader disruption to public life. On the ground, a woman in Tehran told Reuters by phone that her daughter was killed on Friday after taking part in a protest near their home. She said the girl was 15 and rejected descriptions of her as a “terrorist” or “rioter,” adding that her daughter was chased by Basij forces as she tried to return home. The Iranian Kurdish rights group Hengaw, based in Norway, said no protest gatherings had been recorded since Sunday, adding that “security conditions remain extremely tight” with a dense military and security presence in several areas. Hengaw said its independent sources confirmed a significant security and military deployment in cities and towns that had seen earlier protests, as well as in places that had not witnessed large demonstrations, reflecting the breadth of precautionary measures. In Isfahan, Tasnim, which is affiliated with the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, said “rioters” had set fire to a local education office in the Falavarjan district. New videos from last week showed protests in the Piroozi area in eastern Tehran, with sustained gunfire audible. A voice in one video is heard telling people, “They are shooting at us. One of us has been killed.”
Official narrative
In an effort to reinforce the security agencies’ account, state-owned Press TV quoted Iran’s police chief as saying calm had returned nationwide, while state television aired footage of traffic flowing through major Tehran intersections. Alongside that narrative, state television aired a report on disturbing images from a forensic medicine center in southern Tehran, presenting them as evidence of what authorities described as the “organized and violent nature” of the unrest, insisting armed elements and “terrorist attacks” were involved. Videos circulating in recent days showed scenes of panic inside the center, with dozens of bodies lying on floors and stretchers, most in body bags and some uncovered. A security expert interviewed on state television said forensic facilities had been overwhelmed by the number of bodies, leading to overcrowding in halls, which the report framed as a sign of a “non-spontaneous killing wave.”The expert said forensic examinations showed the use of weapons and ammunition “not in circulation in Iran,” alongside hunting rifles and bladed weapons. He pointed to knives, sharp tools, and injuries he said were caused by “prepared” gunfire. He described repeated strikes carried out by more than one attacker and killings he called “brutal,” including broken necks, arguing that the nature of the injuries pointed to “organized terrorist attacks” rather than spontaneous clashes, according to Tasnim. State television also aired footage it said showed the arrest of armed suspects in security operations linked to the unrest, while official media broadcast videos of pursuits and weapons seizures. Tasnim published clips it said showed confrontations between security forces and “rioters,” including what it described as a surprise arrest of armed men by police. Tasnim said “rioters” broke into a public parking garage and destroyed all vehicles inside, part of an official narrative that blames opponents of the state for organized sabotage.
Arrests and casualties
Casualty figures reported by the rights agency HRANA showed little change since Wednesday, standing at 2,677 dead, including 2,478 protesters and 163 people identified as government-affiliated, according to the group. An Iranian official told Reuters this week that about 2,000 people had been killed in the unrest, a lower figure than HRANA’s tally, which is based on a network of sources inside the country. The differing numbers come amid the absence of comprehensive official data. HRANA said more than 19,000 people had been arrested, while Tasnim put the number at 3,000. Tasnim said many leaders of what it called “riots” had been detained in Kermanshah in western Iran, adding that five suspects were arrested over the vandalism of a fuel station and a Basij base in the southeastern city of Kerman. In a parallel display of deterrence, state television broadcast funerals for security personnel in Semnan in northern Iran and Semirom in central Iran, highlighting state losses and framing them within a narrative of “defending security.”
“Await severe retaliation”
Abdolrahim Mousavi, chief of staff of Iran’s armed forces, said, “If our young men wanted to confront the instigators with weapons, they would have resolved the matter and rounded them all up within two hours,” in a direct threat. He said protesters had used “human shields,” while “our young men defended this country and its people with their lives alone,” remarks that sought to justify the use of force and underscore readiness to escalate. For his part, Ahmad Khatami, Tehran’s Friday prayer imam, called for the execution of detained protesters and for the arrest of anyone who supported the protests “in any form.”He described protesters as “servants of Netanyahu” and “soldiers of Trump.”Khatami said in his sermon that Netanyahu and Trump should “await severe retaliation,” and that Americans and “Zionists” should not expect peace. He cited figures he said showed damage to 350 mosques, 126 prayer halls, and 20 religious sites, as well as 80 homes of Friday prayer leaders.
International dimension
The internal developments came as fears of a US attack eased from Wednesday, when President Donald Trump said he had received information indicating that killings had declined. The White House said warnings of “severe consequences” remained in place. White House spokeswoman Karoline Leavitt said Trump and his team had warned Tehran of consequences if killings continued, adding that Trump was aware of a halt to 800 executions while keeping “all options” on the table. A US official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the US military was expected to send additional defensive and offensive capabilities to the region, without detailing their nature or timing. US Central Command declined to comment. A source familiar with the matter said David Barnea, head of Israel’s Mossad, was visiting the United States for talks on Iran and was expected to meet US envoy Steve Witkoff, with no immediate comment from the office of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. In contrast, the Kremlin said President Vladimir Putin discussed the situation in Iran in separate calls with Netanyahu and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, expressing Moscow’s readiness to mediate and ease tensions.
Iranian state media said Pezeshkian told Putin that the United States and Israel had played a direct role in the unrest.
“Key figures of the system”
At home, the office of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei urged what it called the system’s “key figures” to act publicly and break their silence, addressing prominent political figures across factions, including former reformist president Mohammad Khatami, his ally Hassan Rouhani, hardliner Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, and former parliament speaker Ali Akbar Nategh-Nuri. The weekly magazine “Voice of Iran,” affiliated with the leader’s office, said responsibility lay with elites to counter what it called “the enemies’ nonsense” and stand with “the facts,” adding there was “no longer room for doubt or silence” because the issue “concerns Iran itself.”In a swift response, Mohammad Khatami described the protests as a “major, premeditated conspiracy,” saying he did not doubt the role of Israel and the United States. He said the entry of “naked violence” had quickly altered acceptance of the right to protest. Khatami added that Israeli officials’ statements and US support left no doubt about the “formation of a major conspiracy,” while also saying the protests stemmed from “existing policies and structural imbalances,” as well as sanctions and external pressure. He called the failure to draw lessons from past events regrettable, but said the conduct of Pezeshkian’s government in the early days of the protests had been “civil.”
Pahlavi calls for international help
In Washington, Reza Pahlavi, son of Iran’s last shah, urged the international community to intensify political, economic, and military pressure to help protesters overthrow the ruling system. Speaking at a news conference, Pahlavi said “large segments” of the army and security forces had pledged loyalty to him “in secret,” and that the time had come for the international community to join fully. Pahlavi has lived outside Iran since before 1979. “The Iranian people are taking decisive action on the ground. Now is the time for the international community to join them fully,” he said, according to Reuters. He said he was uniquely positioned to ensure a stable transition, although the US president expressed skepticism this week about Pahlavi’s ability to mobilize support inside Iran. The opposition remains fragmented among competing groups and rival ideological factions.

Shah's son confident Iran rulers to fall as Trump holds off
Agence France Presse/17 January/2026
The son of Iran's late shah said Friday he was confident that mass protests would topple the Islamic republic and urged international action, as U.S. President Donald Trump holds off on intervening in the unrest. Reza Pahlavi, who lives in exile in the Washington area, has presented himself as leader of the opposition as the cleric-run state ruthlessly represses mass protests. "The Islamic republic will fall -- not if, but when," Pahlavi told a news conference in Washington. Since the demonstrations erupted in late December with a rallying cry of solving Iran's severe economic woes, Pahlavi has pleaded for U.S. intervention. Trump had repeatedly warned Iran that if it kills protesters, the United States would intervene militarily. He also encouraged Iranians to take over state institutions, saying "help is on the way." But two weeks after he first suggested help, he has not acted. Security forces in the meantime have killed at least 3,428 protesters, according to Norway-based group Iran Human Rights, with other estimates putting the toll at more than 5,000 or possibly as high as 20,000. Trump instead has highlighted what he said was an end to the killing of protesters, as the size of demonstrations diminished in recent days.
Trump wrote Friday on his Truth Social platform that Iran had called off executions of hundreds of protesters and said to the clerical state, "Thank you!"Pahlavi also took to social media Friday, with posts on X and Instagram calling for Iranians across the country to "raise your voices in anger and protest with our national slogans" at 8:00 pm on Saturday and Sunday.Pahlavi, seeking to touch a nerve with Trump, called on him not to be like Democratic predecessor Barack Obama who negotiated with Tehran. "I believe that President Trump is a man of his word and ultimately he will stand with the Iranian people as he has said," Pahlavi said when asked if Trump had given false hope. "Iranian people are taking decisive actions on the ground. It is now time for the international community to join them fully." Gulf Arab monarchies, despite frequent friction with Iran, have urged Trump to show caution.
'Surgical' strikes -
Pahlavi called for targeting the command structure of the elite Revolutionary Guards, as it is key to "instituting terror at home or terrorism abroad.""I'm calling for a surgical strike," said Pahlavi, who controversially backed Israel's military campaign on Iran in June. He also urged all countries to expel diplomats from Iran and to help restore internet access, which has been severely hampered. Many protesters have chanted the name of Pahlavi, whose pro-Western father fled in 1979 in the Islamic revolution. While Iran's last Shah presented a glamorous image of the oil-rich nation to the world -- replete with caviar, glittering crown jewels and a jet-setter lifestyle -- domestically, repression and the brutality of his secret police force as well as a lack of economic mobility opened the door to political challenge. Asked about repression under his father, Pahlavi told reporters, "I let historians write history. I'm here to make history."Pahlavi, 65, said he wants to be a figurehead to lead a transition to a secular democracy, with a popular referendum to choose the next system of government. He also has plenty of detractors who suspect a desire by his supporters to restore the monarchy and say changes should come from the opposition within Iran. "I reaffirm my lifelong pledge to lead the movement that will take back our country from the anti-Iranian hostile force that occupies it and kills its children," Pahlavi said.
"I will return to Iran."
Pahlavi promised that a new Iran would have better relations with the leadership's sworn enemies -- the United States and Israel -- and integrate into the global economy. He said Iran would quickly normalize relations with Israel in a "Cyrus Accord," a reference to Cyrus the Great, the celebrated Persian emperor who freed Jews from Babylonian captivity. "Iran today should have been the next South Korea of the Middle East," he said. "Today we have become North Korea."

Iraq takes full control of air base after US withdrawal, defense ministry says
Reuters/17 January/2026
US forces have ‍withdrawn from Iraq's Ain al-asad Airbase, which ⁠housed US-led forces in Western Iraq, and the Iraqi army has ‍assumed full control, ‍the Iraqi defense ‍ministry ⁠said ‌on ⁠Saturday. In ‍2024, Washington and Baghdad ⁠reached an understanding ‌on plans for the withdrawal of US-led ‍coalition forces from Iraq.

US Names Rubio, Tony Blair, Kushner to Gaza Board under Trump's Plan
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
The White House on Friday announced some members of a so-called "Board of Peace" that is to supervise the temporary governance of Gaza, which has been under a fragile ceasefire since October. The names include US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, President Donald Trump's special envoy Steve Witkoff, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair and Trump's son-in-law, Jared Kushner. Trump is the chair of the board, according to a plan his White House unveiled in October. Israel and Hamas signed off on Trump's plan, which says a Palestinian technocratic body will be overseen by the international board, which will ⁠supervise Gaza's governance for a transitional period. The White House did not detail the responsibilities of each member of the "founding Executive board." The names do not include any Palestinians. The White House said ⁠more members will be announced over the coming weeks. The board will also include private equity executive and billionaire Marc Rowan, World Bank President Ajay Banga and Robert Gabriel, a Trump adviser, the White House said, adding that Nickolay Mladenov, a former UN Middle East envoy, will be the high representative for Gaza. Army Major General Jasper Jeffers, a US special operations commander, was appointed commander of the International Stabilization Force, the White House said. A UN Security Council resolution, adopted in mid-November, authorized the board and countries working with it to establish that force in Gaza. The White House also named an 11-member "Gaza Executive Board" that will include Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, the UN special coordinator for the Middle East ⁠peace process, Sigrid Kaag, the United Arab Emirates minister for international cooperation, Reem Al-Hashimy, and Israeli-Cypriot billionaire Yakir Gabay, along with some members of the executive board. This additional board will support Mladenov's office and the Palestinian technocratic body, whose details were announced this week, the White House said. Israel and Hamas have accused each other of ceasefire violations in Gaza, where more than 450 Palestinians, including over 100 children, and three Israeli soldiers have been reported killed during the truce. Israel's assault on Gaza since October 2023 has killed tens of thousands, caused a hunger crisis and internally displaced Gaza's entire population.

Islamic Jihad says Gaza board of peace members chosen to serve Israeli interests
AFP/17 January/2026
The Palestinian militant group Islamic Jihad on Saturday criticized the composition of the Board of Peace set to oversee governance in Gaza, saying it served Israel’s interests. The board “came in accordance with Israeli criteria and to serve the interests of the occupation, in a clear indicator of preexisting bad intentions over the implementation of the terms of the (ceasefire) agreement,” the group said in a statement.

Israel Says US Gaza Executive Board Composition Against its Policy
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office said on Saturday that this week's Trump administration announcement on the composition of a Gaza executive board was not coordinated with Israel and ran counter to government policy. It said Foreign Minister Gideon Saar would raise the issue with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. The ⁠statement did not specify what part of the board's composition contradicted Israeli policy. An Israeli government spokesperson declined to comment. The board, unveiled by the White House on Friday, includes Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan. Israel ⁠has repeatedly opposed any Turkish role in Gaza. Other members of the executive board include Sigrid Kaag, the UN special coordinator for the Middle East peace process; an Israeli-Cypriot billionaire; and a minister from the United Arab Emirates. Washington this week also announced the start of the second phase of President ⁠Donald Trump's plan, announced in September, to end the war in Gaza. This includes creating a transitional technocratic Palestinian administration in the enclave.The first members of the so-called Board of Peace - to be chaired by Trump and tasked with supervising Gaza's temporary governance - were also named. Members include Rubio, billionaire developer Steve Witkoff and Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner.

Gaza Administration Committee Meets in Cairo Amid Cautious Optimism
Cairo: Mohamed Mahmoud/Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
The Gaza ceasefire agreement entered a new phase on Friday with the first meeting in Cairo of a technocrat committee tasked with administering the enclave, following its formation by Palestinian consensus, a welcome from Washington, and the absence of an official Israeli objection after earlier reservations.
The inaugural meeting came hours after Israel killed eight Palestinians, prompting Hamas to accuse it of “sabotaging the agreement,” leaving analysts expressing cautious optimism about the ceasefire’s trajectory in light of these developments and the continued Israeli strikes. They stressed the need for a decisive US position to complete the requirements of the second phase, which began with the formation of the Gaza administration committee and faces major obstacles, including the entry of aid, an Israeli withdrawal, and the disarmament of Hamas. Egyptian satellite channel Al-Qahera News reported on Friday that the first meeting of the Palestinian National Committee for the Administration of Gaza had begun in the Egyptian capital, with Palestinian Ali Shaath in the chair. In his first media appearance, Shaath said the committee had officially started its work from Cairo and consists of 15 professional Palestinian national figures. He said the committee had received financial support and had been allocated a two-year budget, which is the duration of its mandate. He called for the establishment of a World Bank fund for the reconstruction and relief of Gaza, noting that influential countries in the region had promised substantial, tangible financial support. Shaath said the relief plan is based on the Egyptian plan approved by the Arab League in March 2025, which spans five years and is estimated to cost about $53 billion, and has been welcomed by the European Union. He added that the first step adopted by the Gaza administration committee was to supply 200,000 prefabricated housing units to the territory. Hamas said on Friday it was ready to hand over control of Gaza to a technocratic administration. In a statement, it warned that “massacres” committed by the Israeli army in Gaza, including the killing of nine Palestinians, among them a woman and a child, in air strikes and gunfire targeting displaced people’s tents, underscored Israel’s continued policy of undermining the ceasefire agreement and obstructing declared efforts to entrench calm in the enclave.
Hamas described the attacks as a “dangerous escalation” that coincided with mediators announcing the formation of a technocratic government and the entry into the second phase of the agreement, as stated on Wednesday, as well as US President Donald Trump’s announcement on Thursday of the establishment of a Board of Peace. It called on mediators and guarantor countries to shoulder their responsibilities by pressuring Israel to halt its violations and comply with what was agreed. On Thursday, Trump announced the creation of a Gaza-focused Board of Peace, saying the parties had officially entered the second phase of the Gaza ceasefire agreement. The Gaza government media office said in a statement the same day that Israel had committed 1,244 violations of the ceasefire during its first phase, resulting in the killing, injury, or arrest of 1,760 Palestinians since the deal took effect. Rakha Ahmed Hassan, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and a former assistant foreign minister, said the launch of the committee’s work was extremely important and effectively removed one of Israel’s pretexts regarding the presence of Hamas, particularly since the committee is technocratic and enjoys consensus. He said that while this undermines those pretexts and marks the end of Hamas’s political authority, developments must be handled cautiously and completed with the deployment of stabilization forces and a Palestinian police presence, provided no new Israeli obstacles emerge.
Palestinian political analyst Ayman al-Raqab also voiced cautious optimism, telling Asharq Al-Awsat that the committee faces major challenges, notably administering a territory that has been completely devastated, as well as Israeli complications related to the weapons of the resistance and opposition to full reconstruction and withdrawal. Mediator efforts are continuing. Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty received a phone call from US Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff regarding next steps and procedures following the transition to the second phase of Trump’s plan. According to an Egyptian foreign ministry statement on Friday, the call emphasized the need to move forward with implementing the second phase’s obligations, including the start of work by the Palestinian technocrats committee following its formation, the deployment of an international stabilization force to monitor the ceasefire, the achievement of an Israeli withdrawal from the Strip and the launch of early recovery and reconstruction. Hassan said Egypt’s role remains crucial and focused on completing the agreement without Israeli obstruction, particularly as the Rafah crossing was not opened during the first phase, and delays persist in deploying stabilization forces to oversee border crossings. He stressed that Washington would seek to complete the agreement to preserve its credibility. Al-Raqab said that any progress in the second phase and avoiding a repeat of the first phase’s stagnation hinges on US support for fully implementing the deal, particularly securing an Israeli withdrawal rather than just addressing disarmament.

Trump invites Turkey’s Erdogan, Egypt’s al-Sisi to board of peace for Gaza
Al Arabiya English/17 January/2026
US President Donald ‍Trump has sent a letter ‍inviting Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan to become a member of a so-called “Board of Peace” ⁠that is to supervise the temporary governance of Gaza, which has been under a fragile ceasefire since October, the Turkish presidency ‍said on Saturday. Egypt ‍meanwhile said it is reviewing an invitation ‍by President Trump to Egyptian ⁠President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi to join the so-called “Board of Peace” for Gaza, the ‍foreign minister said ‍in a ‍press ⁠conference ‌on Saturday. The White House on Friday ‍announced some ‍members the ⁠Board of ‌Peace, which Trump ⁠will ‍chair. Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan ⁠was announced as one of the ‌members of “Gaza Executive Board,” along with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Trump’s special ‍envoy Steve Witkoff, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair and Trump’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner. The board ⁠is ‍set to supervise the ⁠temporary governance of Gaza, which ‌has been under a fragile ceasefire since ‍October. With Agencies

Sisi Says he Values Trump Offer to Mediate Egypt-Ethiopia Dispute on GERD
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi said he valued an offer by US President Donald Trump to mediate ⁠a dispute over Nile River waters between Egypt and Ethiopia. In a post on ⁠X, Sisi said on Saturday that he addressed Trump's letter by affirming Egypt's position and concerns about the country's water ⁠security in regards to Ethiopia's Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). "I am ready to restart US mediation between Egypt and Ethiopia to responsibly resolve the question of 'The Nile Water Sharing' once and for all," Trump wrote to Sisi in the letter that was also posted on Trump’s Truth Social account. Addis Ababa's September 9 inauguration of GERD has been a source of anger ⁠in Cairo, which is downstream on the Nile. Ethiopia sees the $5 billion dam on a tributary of the Nile as central to its economic ambitions. Egypt says the dam violates international treaties and could cause both droughts ⁠and flooding. Sudan, another ​downstream country, has expressed concern about the regulation and safety of ⁠its own water supplies and dams. Sudan's army leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan also welcomed Trump's mediation offer on Saturday.

Trump offers to mediate Egypt-Ethiopia dispute on Nile River waters
Reuters/17 January/2026
US President Donald Trump offered on ‍Friday to mediate a dispute over Nile River waters between ‍Egypt and Ethiopia. “I am ready to restart US mediation between Egypt and Ethiopia to responsibly resolve the question of ‘The Nile Water Sharing’ once and ⁠for all,” he wrote to Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi in a letter that also was posted on Trump’s Truth Social account. Addis Ababa’s September 9 inauguration of its Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam has been a source of ‍anger in Cairo, which is downstream on the Nile. Ethiopia, the continent’s ‍second-most ‍populous nation with more ⁠than 120 million ‌people, sees the $5 ⁠billion dam on ‍a tributary of the Nile as central to its ⁠economic ambitions. Egypt says the dam violates international treaties and ‌could cause both droughts and flooding, a claim Ethiopia rejects. Trump has praised Sisi in the past, including during an October trip to Egypt to ‍sign a deal related to the Gaza conflict. In public comments, Trump has echoed Cairo’s concerns about the water issue.

Canada’s Carney plans to accept Trump invite to join Gaza board: Aide
AFP, Montreal/17 January/2026
Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has been invited by US President Donald Trump to join a board to supervise post-war Gaza, an offer he intends to accept, a senior aide told AFP on Saturday. Trump has declared himself the chair of a Gaza “Board of Peace.” He has so far tapped former UK prime minister Tony Blair and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio to fill senior roles, and asked the leaders of Egypt, Turkey and Argentina to take part. The senior Canadian government official did not provide further details

Israel Continues Assassinations of Hamas, Islamic Jihad Leaders
Gaza: Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Israel pressed ahead with targeted killings of senior Hamas and Islamic Jihad figures in Gaza, citing recent attacks on its forces, even as a ceasefire agreement entered its second phase, and plans were announced for a technocratic body to administer the enclave. On Thursday, Israel killed two senior figures from the military wings of Hamas and Islamic Jihad, along with other activists, in a series of air strikes on homes in several areas of Gaza that killed 12 Palestinians. The first strike targeted Saeed al-Jarou, an activist in the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of Hamas, who worked in military manufacturing, sources told Asharq Al-Awsat. Another Palestinian was killed alongside him when the courtyard of the Jarou family home in Deir al-Balah in central Gaza was hit. The house had already been damaged in an earlier strike a month ago that killed Saeed’s brother, who was also a Qassam activist. Less than an hour later, another strike hit the home of Mohammed al-Houli, a senior commander in the Qassam Brigades, killing him along with a young man and a child. Al-Houli held several positions within Qassam, including deputy commander of the Central Brigade and head of the intelligence apparatus.
He previously served as commander of the Field Control Forces, according to sources. Hours later, Israeli aircraft struck the home of Ashraf al-Khatib, a leader in the Al-Quds Brigades, the armed wing of Islamic Jihad, in the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza, killing him, his wife, and her brother. Sources said al-Khatib was responsible for the rocket unit in the central Gaza area and was among the first to fire rockets toward Tel Aviv during the 2012 war. He was also an officer in the Palestinian Authority security services. Shortly afterward, an Israeli strike targeted Amjad Shamlakh, a Hamas activist, as he was passing through the Nabulsi area in the Sheikh Ajlin neighborhood south of Gaza City. Shamlakh worked as a nurse at Al-Shifa Medical Complex. His brother, a Qassam activist, was killed earlier in the war. The Israeli army said it, together with the Shin Bet security agency, had attacked Hamas and Islamic Jihad members following what it described as a violation of the ceasefire earlier this week in western Rafah in southern Gaza. It said it views any breach of the agreement with utmost seriousness and will continue to act against any attempt to advance what it called terrorist plots. On Friday, Israeli forces killed an elderly woman after what witnesses described as indiscriminate fire from Israeli vehicles toward displacement tents south of Khan Younis in southern Gaza. A child was also killed by fire from a drone in the town of Beit Lahia in northern Gaza. The death toll in Gaza since Oct. 7, 2023, has risen to 71,457, including 465 killed since the ceasefire took effect on Oct. 10, 2025.
Expansion of the “Yellow Line”
In related field developments, satellite images showed that over the past three months, since the ceasefire was announced, the Israeli army has expanded the so-called Yellow Line zone it occupies in Gaza, which now covers more than half of the enclave. The army has advanced hundreds of meters into areas that were officially meant, under a plan by US President Donald Trump, to remain under Hamas control. Satellite imagery cited by the Israeli newspaper Haaretz showed the army continuing to demolish buildings in Jabalia and the Shujaiya neighborhood, both inside and outside the Yellow Line zone. According to the London-based organization Forensic Architecture, Israeli forces have established 13 military sites in Gaza since the ceasefire was announced and until mid-December, including two large military positions in the Jabalia area. These elevated sites overlook vast distances. Buildings were destroyed, areas were evacuated, and heavy engineering equipment was used to construct high earth berms to monitor the entire northern Gaza area. The Israeli army deliberately places unclear markers for the Yellow Line, setting yellow concrete blocks hundreds of meters apart, making it impossible for Palestinians to determine where the occupied zone begins as they attempt to reach their land and homes. Israeli forces then open fire indiscriminately, killing hundreds, including more than 100 children. The army frequently shifts the concrete blocks westward into areas under Hamas control. Analysis of satellite imagery along the Yellow Line shows discrepancies between the location of the concrete blocks and the official Yellow Line as defined by Israeli military data. The yellow concrete blocks appear to be positioned about 300 meters west of the official Yellow Line shown on Israeli army maps. The destruction of buildings in recent months adds to the erasure of entire cities in Gaza during the war. According to the latest report by the United Nations satellite center, the Israeli army has destroyed or irreparably damaged more than 80 percent of buildings in the enclave, triggering a massive displacement crisis. Hundreds of thousands are now living in tents, struggling to survive amid severe weather, strong winds, and seawater flooding tent areas, destroying shelters and contributing to the spread of disease.

Gaza death toll surges to 71,548 as Israeli aggression continues
AP/January 17, 2026
GAZA: The death toll from Israeli attacks has risen to 71,548 Palestinians, with 171,353 reported wounded, since the beginning of the offensive on Oct. 7, 2023, according to medical sources. One new fatality was reported at a Gaza hospital in the past 24 hours, along with six new injuries, sources said.
Several victims remain trapped under rubble or lying in the streets, with ambulance and civil defense crews unable to reach them due to the widespread destruction and lack of supplies. Since the ceasefire came into effect on Oct. 11, the number of fatalities has increased to 464 along with 1,275 injuries, while 712 bodies have been recovered from beneath the rubble. Earlier on Saturday, a 27-day-old baby died because of severe cold, bringing the number of child deaths caused by extreme winter conditions since the start of the season to eight. The administration of President Donald Trump earlier in the week said the US-drafted ceasefire plan for Gaza was now moving into its challenging second phase, which includes the new Palestinian committee in Gaza, deployment of an international security force, disarmament of Hamas, and reconstruction of the war-battered territory. But Israel’s government is objecting to the White House announcement of leaders who will play a role in overseeing the next steps in Gaza. Israel says the Gaza executive committee “was not coordinated with Israel and is contrary to its policy,” without details. Saturday’s statement also said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has told the Foreign Ministry to contact Secretary of State Marco Rubio. The White House-announced committee announced on Friday includes no Israeli official but does include an Israeli businessman. Other members announced so far include two of US President Donald Trump’s closest confidants, a former British prime minister, an American general, and a collection of top officials from Middle Eastern governments. The White House has said the executive committee will carry out the vision of a Trump-led “Board of Peace,” whose members have not yet been named. The White House also announced the members of a new Palestinian committee to run Gaza’s day-to-day affairs, with oversight from the executive committee. The committee’s members include US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Trump envoy Steve Witkoff, Trump’s son-in-law Jared Kushner, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Apollo Global Management CEO Marc Rowan, World Bank President Ajay Banga, and Trump’s deputy national security adviser Robert Gabriel.

Kurds Say Sharaa's Decree Falls Short, Syrian Government Forces Enter Deir Hafer
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Syria's Kurds on Saturday said a presidential decree recognizing the minority's rights and making Kurdish an official language fell short of their expectations as Syrian government forces entered the outskirts of a northern town. In a statement, the Kurdish administration in Syria's north and northeast said the decree issued by President Ahmed al-Sharaa on Friday was "a first step, however it does not satisfy the aspirations and hopes of the Syrian people". It added that "rights are not protected by temporary decrees, but... through permanent constitutions that express the will of the people and all components" of society. Al-Sharaa’s decree affirmed that Syrian citizens of Kurdish origin are an integral and original part of the Syrian people, and that their cultural and linguistic identity is an inseparable component of Syria’s inclusive national identity. The decree commits the state to protecting cultural and linguistic diversity and guarantees Kurdish citizens the right to preserve their heritage, arts, and mother tongue within the framework of national sovereignty. It recognizes Kurdish as a national language and allows it to be taught in public and private schools in areas where Kurds make up a significant proportion of the population. It also grants Syrian nationality to all residents of Kurdish origin living on Syrian territory, including those previously unregistered, while ensuring full equality in rights and duties. The decree further designates Nowruz, celebrated annually on March 21, as an official public holiday. Syrian government forces entered the outskirts of the northern town of Deir Hafer Saturday morning after the command of Kurdish-led fighters said it would evacuate the area in an apparent move to avoid conflict. This came after deadly clashes erupted earlier this month between government troops and the US-backed and Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces in the city of Aleppo, Syria’s largest. It ended with the evacuation of Kurdish fighters from three neighborhoods taken over by government forces. An Associated Press reporter saw on Saturday government tanks, armored personnel carriers and other vehicles, including pickup trucks with heavy machine-guns mounted on top of them, rolling toward the town of Deir Hafer from nearby Hamima after bulldozers removed barriers. There was no SDF presence on the edge of the town. Meanwhile, the Syrian military said Saturday morning its forces were in full control of Deir Hafer, captured the Jarrah airbase east of the town, and were working on removing all mines and explosives. It added that troops would also move toward the nearby town of Maskana. On Friday night, after government forces started pounding SDF positions in Deir Hafer, the Kurdish-led fighters’ top commander Mazloum Abdi posted on X that his group would withdraw from contested areas in northern Syria. Abdi said SDF fighters would relocate east of the Euphrates River starting 7 a.m. (0400 gmt) Saturday. The easing of tension came after US military officials visited Deir Hafer on Friday and held talks with SDF officials in the area. The United States has good relations with both sides and has urged calm.

Trump: 8 EU Countries will be Charged 10% Tariff for Opposing US Control of Greenland
Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
President Donald Trump said Saturday that he would charge a 10% import tax starting in February on goods from eight European nations because of opposition to US control of Greenland. He said in a social media post that Denmark, Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Finland would face the tariff, which would be raised to 25% on June 1 if a deal is not in place for “the Complete and Total purchase of Greenland” by the United States. Earlier Saturday, hundreds of people in Greenland's capital braved near-freezing temperatures, rain and icy streets to march in a rally in support of their own self-governance in the face of threats of an American takeover. The Greenlanders waved their red-and-white national flags and listened to traditional songs as they walked through Nuuk's small downtown. Some carried signs with messages like “We shape our future,” “Greenland is not for sale” and “Greenland is already GREAT.” They were joined by thousands of others in rallies across the Danish kingdom. Meanwhile, Danish Maj. Gen. Søren Andersen, leader of the Joint Arctic Command, told The Associated Press that Denmark doesn't expect the US military to attack Greenland, or any other NATO ally, and that European troops were recently deployed to Nuuk for Arctic defense training. “I will not go into the political part, but I will say that I would never expect a NATO country to attack another NATO country,” he told the AP on Saturday aboard a Danish military vessel docked in Nuuk. “For us, for me, it’s not about signaling. It is actually about training military units, working together with allies.”Trump has insisted for months that the US should control Greenland, a semiautonomous territory of NATO ally Denmark, and said earlier this week that anything less than the Arctic island being in US hands would be “unacceptable.”During an unrelated event at the White House about rural health care, he recounted Friday how he had threatened European allies with tariffs on pharmaceuticals. “I may do that for Greenland, too,” Trump said, before his announcement Saturday about his targeted tariffs. “I may put a tariff on countries if they don’t go along with Greenland, because we need Greenland for national security. So I may do that."He had not previously mentioned using tariffs to try to force the issue.

Syrian troops poised to launch major attack on SDF amid conflicted US position
The Arab Weekly/January 17/2026
Syrian troops are poised to attack towns in the north and east held by Kurdish fighters to pressure autonomy-minded Kurds into making concessions in deadlocked talks with the Damascus government. While the US is trying to avoid escalation between two allies, the Turks have said Syrian military action is “an option”.The threat of renewed military action highlights the deepening fault lines between the government of President Ahmed al-Sharaa, who has vowed to reunify the fractured country under one leadership after 14 years of civil war, and regional Kurdish authorities wary of his Islamist-led administration. Syrian Democratic Forces head Mazloum Abdi said on X on Friday that the group will withdraw their forces from current contact lines east of Aleppo at 7 am local time (0400 GMT) on Saturday and redeploy them to areas east of the Euphrates, citing calls from friendly countries and mediators. Syria’s defence ministry welcomed the SDF’s decision to withdraw, saying it would closely monitor full implementation, including the removal of fighters and equipment, ahead of the Syrian military’s deployment to the vacated areas to enforce state sovereignty. Earlier, the Syrian military said its shelling had started against military bases belonging to a militia affiliated with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), and against remnants of the former regime allied with SDF in Aleppo’s Deir Hafer city. The United States, which seeks to anchor peace in Syria to shore up wider Middle East stability and help prevent any resurgence of Islamic State militants, has urged both sides to avoid a showdown and return to talks, according to a Syrian official and a Syrian source familiar with diplomatic channels. The two sides engaged in months of talks last year to integrate Kurdish-run military and civilian bodies into Syrian state institutions by the end of 2025, insisting repeatedly that they wanted to resolve disputes diplomatically.
But after the deadline passed with little progress, clashes broke out last week in the northern city of Aleppo and ended with a withdrawal of Kurdish fighters. Now, a broader confrontation looms, according to Syrian officials, Kurdish figures and foreign diplomats. As many as five Syrian army divisions could take part in the offensive targeting Kurdish-held towns in the northern province of Aleppo and the vast eastern desert province of Deir el-Zor, a senior military official involved in the planning told Reuters. If the tactic fails to bring the parties back to the negotiating table, Syria’s army is considering a full-scale campaign that could see the Kurds lose the semi-autonomous zone they have managed for more than a decade, the official said. Syrian army units deployed on Wednesday and Thursday to the town of Deir Hafer and surrounding villages just west of the Euphrates River held by the Syrian Democratic Forces, the main Kurdish fighting force and a years-long recipient of US support as it battled the ISIS extremist group. Syria’s military has ordered SDF fighters to withdraw east of the river and opened a humanitarian corridor for civilians to flee to government-held territory. Some residents who made it out told Reuters they had to flee through farmland on foot as the main road had been shut. The SDF denied that it had blocked civilians from leaving. Other Syrian troops were quietly sent to another front line in remote Deir el-Zor province, where the Kurds run key oil fields that Damascus says should be under central state control, according to Syrian army commanders. The SDF has condemned the build-up. “We clearly state that we are against any military confrontation, given its grave risks,” Abdel Karim Omar, the Damascus-based representative of the Kurdish-led administration, told Reuters. He said efforts were underway with the help of foreign mediators to revive the negotiations.
US mediation
Washington had not explicitly opposed a limited operation by Syrian troops, diplomats and an SDF official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told Reuters. But the SDF official said the US was not doing enough to prevent a clash. US envoy Tom Barrack said on Friday Washington was in “close contact with all parties in Syria, working around the clock to lower the temperature, prevent escalation, and return to integration talks between the Syrian government and the SDF”. A US State Department spokesperson said both sides should avoid “pushing the country back into a cycle of violence”.US media reports said Washington has threatenend Damascus with re-imposition of sanctions if it carried out a major onslaught against the Kurds. The conflicted messaging underscores Washington’s effort to recalibrate its Syria policy by balancing years of backing for the SDF against its new support for Sharaa, whose rebel forces ousted Russian-backed Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad in late 2024. Sharaa accused the SDF of obstructing US policy to nurture a reintegrated Syria and taking orders from the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, a separatist group that waged a long insurgency in Turkey before entering into a peace process with Ankara. Sharaa, speaking on state TV, said the SDF had taken “no practical steps forward” to implement last year’s integration pact, but hoped it could still be carried out “calmly.”Ankara made no secret, however, of its support for Damascus against SDF forces. Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan said the SDF must show good intentions by unilaterally leaving the Deir Hafer area, instead of being expelled by a military offensive. “I hope it doesn’t come to that point …, but when problems are not solved through dialogue, unfortunately, I see from here that the use of force is also an option for the Syrian government,” Fidan said on Thursday. If fighting spills into Deir el-Zor, it could draw in local Arab tribes who complain of marginalisation and forced conscription of tribesmen into the SDF, according to the Syrian military officials and two tribal leaders. Shayesh al-Mulhem, a leader of the Jabbour tribe, said it was awaiting orders from Sharaa to turn against the SDF. “The SDF is doomed to disappear. There can’t be a state within a state, and there can’t be a faction on Syrian land that is against the state,” he said.
New decree
In the meanwhile, Sharaa issued a decree on Friday declaring Kurdish a “national language”, in an apparent gesture of good will towards the minority following clashes in recent days. The decree is the first formal recognition of Kurdish national rights since Syria’s independence in 1946. It stated Kurds were “an essential and integral part” of Syria, where they have suffered decades of marginalisation and oppression under former rulers. The decree makes Kurdish a “national language” that can be taught in public schools in areas where the minority community is heavily present.
Sharaa also made the Kurdish new year, Nowruz, which falls on March 21, an official holiday and granted nationality to Kurds, as 20 percent of them had been stripped of it under a controversial 1962 census. In a televised address announcing the decree, Sharaa urged Kurds to “actively participate in building this nation”, vowing to “guarantee” their rights. Senior Kurdish political figure Salih Muslim said he viewed the decree as “an attempt to evade the rights of the Kurdish people and to divide them”.

US urges Syrian troops to halt advance against Kurdish-held towns
Reuters/17 January/2026
The United States on Saturday urged Syria’s army to halt its advance through Kurdish-held territory in the country’s north, where Syrian troops clashed with ‍Kurdish forces over strategic posts and oilfields along the Euphrates River. For days, Syrian troops had amassed around a cluster of villages that lie just west of the winding Euphrates and had called on the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces stationed there to redeploy their forces on the opposite bank of the river. SDF fighters withdrew from the area early on Saturday as a gesture of goodwill - but then accused Syrian troops of violating the agreement by continuing to push further east into towns and oilfields not included in the deal. Brad Cooper, who heads the US military’s Central Command, said in a written ⁠statement posted on X that Syrian troops should “cease any offensive actions in areas” between the city of Aleppo and the town of Tabqa, approximately 160 kilometers (100 miles) further east.
Arab residents rejoice at troops’ arrival
The initial withdrawal deal included the main town of Deir Hafer and some surrounding villages whose residents are predominantly Arab. The SDF withdrew on Saturday and Syrian troops moved in relatively smoothly, with residents celebrating their arrival. “It happened with the least amount of losses. There’s been enough blood in this country, Syria. We have sacrificed and lost enough - people are tired of it,” Hussein al-Khalaf, a resident of Deir Hafer, told Reuters. The Syrian Petroleum Company said that the nearby oilfields of Rasafa and Sufyan had been captured by Syrian troops and could now be brought back online. SDF forces had withdrawn east, some on foot, towards the flashpoint town of Tabqa - downstream but still on the western side of the river and near a hydroelectric dam, a crucial source of power. But ‍when Syria’s army announced it aimed to capture Tabqa next, the SDF said that was not part of the original deal and that it would fight to keep the town, as well as another oilfield ‍in its vicinity. Syria’s army said four of its troops had been ‍killed in attacks by Kurdish militants, and the ⁠SDF said some of its own fighters had been killed, but did not give a number.

US kills Al-Qaeda affiliate leader tied to December attack in Syria, Centcom says
Reuters/January 17, 2026
WASHINGTON: US military forces on Friday killed an Al-Qaeda affiliate leader linked to a Daesh attack on Americans in Syria last month, US Central Command ⁠said in a statement on Saturday. Bilal Hasan Al-Jasim had “direct ties” to a Daesh gunman who killed and injured US and Syrian ⁠personnel on December 13 in Palmyra, Syria, Central Command said. “The death of a terrorist operative linked to the deaths of three Americans demonstrates our resolve in pursuing terrorists who attack our forces,” said Admiral Brad Cooper, ⁠the head of US Central Command, in a statement. Since the December 13 attack, US forces have been conducting strikes in Syria, with the US military saying it has hit more than 100 Daesh targets.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on January 17-18/2026
Where Are the So-Called Human Rights Defenders for the People of Iran? ...The Nauseating Double Standards of the Human Rights Industry
Dr. Majid Rafizadeh/Gatestone Institute/January 17/2026
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2026/01/151223/
When it comes to Iran... where ordinary, unarmed people demanding freedom are being beaten, tortured, imprisoned, and gunned down in the streets by their own leaders, this high-minded moral chorus has all but disappeared.
The same institutions and voices that were so shrill and relentless when condemning Israel in the name of Palestinian rights are, when courageous Iranian lives are at stake, spectacularly non-existent. This double standard only exposes the bottomless hypocrisy at the heart of much contemporary human rights activism. The Iranian people, after weeks of being massacred in the streets, are still waiting for that "locked and loaded" promise that Trump keeps making but never delivers. To them, once again, as during the term of President Barack Hussein Obama, it must look as if their deaths do not matter, and do not trigger the same "moral reflex" as other conflicts.
Is Trump really going to thwart the efforts of these unimaginably courageous people trying to rid themselves of a brutal despotism that has been attacking them for 47 years? The silence tells them that the human rights of the global liberal and leftist establishment are not truly universal at all -- but conditional, applied extremely selectively based on being paid and transported by professional organizers, as well as on often fabricated anti-American and anti-Jewish geopolitical narratives. Instead, what we see is -- nothing. A few indignant statements are released, carefully worded to be stripped of urgency. There are no mobilizations, no sense that what is happening in Iran represents a deadly emergency. This passivity contrasts with the manufactured energy poured into other causes. The moment outrage is selective, it is no longer moral; it is just political puffery. Women who resist are harassed, tortured, raped in detention or even killed. In recent uprisings, women have openly defied the regime. They have removed their headscarves and called for freedom while daring to imagine a life without fear. Many are today paying with their lives for their courage while the loud, fearless, sanctimonious "defenders of human rights" just shop at the supermarket.These protests are not just about Iran. They are about whether human rights are truly universal or just rhetorical twaddle deployed when one has nothing better to do. The United Nations, prominent NGOs, liberal politicians, and left-leaning activist networks seemingly love to frame themselves as some kind of elevated moral conscience for the international system. When it comes to Iran, however, where ordinary, unarmed people demanding freedom are being beaten, tortured, imprisoned, and gunned down in the streets by their own leaders, this high-minded moral chorus has all but disappeared.
The United Nations, prominent NGOs, liberal politicians, and left-leaning activist networks seemingly love to frame themselves as some kind of elevated moral conscience for the international system. They speak the language of "justice," "dignity," and "universal human rights," and insist -- sometimes with threats and violence -- that silence in the face of oppression is "complicity."
When it comes to Iran, however, where ordinary, unarmed people demanding freedom are being beaten, tortured, imprisoned, and gunned down in the streets by their own leaders, this high-minded moral chorus has all but disappeared. If the slaughter has stopped, it is reportedly "only because residents are being held hostage in their homes by machine gun-wielding security forces that have flooded the streets."The same institutions and voices that were so shrill and relentless when condemning Israel in the name of Palestinian rights are, when courageous Iranian lives are at stake, spectacularly non-existent. This double standard only exposes the bottomless hypocrisy at the heart of much contemporary human rights activism. Across Iran, protests have erupted in a desperate struggle for survival. People are not marching because they are paid, bored or seeking attention. They are marching because they are being suffocated by an authoritarian system that controls nearly every aspect of their lives. The regime has responded in the only way it knows how: with unremitting brute force. Security forces fire live ammunition into crowds, raid homes at night, arrest protesters, beat detainees behind closed doors, and for all we know, hang them in secret. Internet access has been deliberately cut to isolate the population, both to prevent images of bloodied streets and grieving families from reaching the outside world and to prevent demonstrators from communicating with one another. Bless Elon Musk for his Starlink. We are witnessing repression in its most classic and savage form. Where is the sustained outrage? Where are the mass demonstrations in Western capitals? Where are the daily headlines, the emergency UN sessions, the endless panel discussions, the moral urgency? The silence tells Iranians that their suffering is negotiable, as the ayatollahs tried to convince US President Donald J. Trump. He first sounded delighted but then, to his unending credit, backtracked. The Iranian people, after weeks of being massacred in the streets, are still waiting for that "locked and loaded" promise that Trump keeps making but never delivers. To them, once again, as during the term of President Barack Hussein Obama, it must look as if their deaths do not matter, and do not trigger the same "moral reflex" as other conflicts.
Is Trump really going to thwart the efforts of these unimaginably courageous people trying to rid themselves of a brutal despotism that has been attacking them for 47 years? The silence tells them that the human rights of the global liberal and leftist establishment are not truly universal at all -- but conditional, applied extremely selectively based on being paid and transported by professional organizers, as well as on often fabricated anti-American and anti-Jewish geopolitical narratives. For people risking their lives -- risking literally everything -- in the streets of Tehran, Mashhad, Shiraz, and countless smaller cities, this silence means abandonment. For years now, Iranians have been fighting for their most basic rights: to speak freely, to hear music, to dance, to feel their hair blown by the wind, to choose their leaders freely, to live without fear of arbitrary arrest, and to have a future that is not dictated by a sadistic, sociopathic elite.
The uprisings have come in waves. Each time, the regime has responded with intimidation, mass killings, torture, prison sentences, and countless atrocities. Many thousands, over the years, have been killed unjustly, with nothing even resembling due process. Thousands have disappeared into prisons where torture is routine and confessions are extracted through pain, humiliation, and ferocity.
Every uprising is followed by executions meant to instill terror and crush hope. Even so, each time, the people return to the streets. This persistence alone should command respect and solidarity from anyone who claims to stand for even the tiniest human right.
Instead, what we see is -- nothing. A few indignant statements are released, carefully worded to be stripped of urgency. There are no mobilizations, no sense that what is happening in Iran represents a deadly emergency. This passivity contrasts with the manufactured energy poured into other causes. The moment outrage is selective, it is no longer moral; it is just political puffery.
For decades, women in Iran have lived under laws that regulate their bodies, clothing, movement and behavior. Mandatory hijabs are not a cultural choice; they are enforced through surveillance, intimidation and sometimes murder. Women who resist are harassed, tortured, raped in detention or even killed. In recent uprisings, women have openly defied the regime. They have removed their headscarves and called for freedom while daring to imagine a life without fear. Many are today paying with their lives for their courage while the loud, fearless, sanctimonious "defenders of human rights" just shop at the supermarket.
Where are the feminist organizations, the massive street protests, the celebrity campaigns, the nonstop advocacy? The same groups that mobilize instantly for women's issues such as "glass ceilings" have reduced Iranian women to footnotes, if they mention them at all. The same holds true for all women doctrinally told they are inferiors. The silence is insulting. Iranian women apparently do not fit neatly into preferred narratives, or their struggle is inconvenient, or condemning a theocratic tyranny conflicts with other ideological alignments.
The message this disdain sends to Iran's regime is that repression has no international cost. When authoritarian rulers see that mass murder provokes only muted pieties, how can they not feel emboldened? Silence is the green light that allows viciousness to continue, normalized and unchecked.
What is striking is that some of the few voices speaking out forcefully have come from unexpected places, such as Trump and leaders of Israel. Regardless of one's views on their broader politics, their words on Iran have been unambiguous and blunt. They have openly condemned the regime's violence and framed the protests as a legitimate struggle for freedom. While many so-called human rights defenders hedge their language on Iran and Jews, Trump and pro-Israel voices have shown a willingness to call regimes what they are and to supply consequences.
If the West truly wants to stand with the Iranian people, the continued presence of Iranian embassies and diplomats in Western capitals sends a message of the regime's legitimacy and acceptance. Closing these embassies and expelling regime representatives would notify the Iranian people and everyone else that the world will no longer recognize or tolerate governments that massacre their own people.
Restoring and protecting internet access to Iranians is also critical. When the regime shuts down communications, it not only prevents coordination -- it is hiding crimes. Providing Iranians with tools to stay connected, to share their stories, and to document abuses would be a hugely effective form of support. Amplifying Iranian voices in international media, giving protesters a platform to speak for themselves, and refusing to let their struggle fade from public attention are equally vital.
Finally, authoritarian regimes respond to pressure only when it is real and credible. The possibility of intervention has already somewhat changed the mullahs' calculations. Pressure consists of making clear that red lines exist, and that crossing them will not be free of cost. Without credibility, no bloodshed will ever stop. The Iranian people will remember who spoke up, who acted, and who did not. If these so-called human rights defenders, liberals, and leftists who claim to champion justice remain silent now, their credibility may deservedly be gone.
It is time to speak up clearly and consistently and stand with the Iranian people. These protests are not just about Iran. They are about whether human rights are truly universal or just rhetorical twaddle deployed when one has nothing better to do. Supporting the Iranians in their struggle for freedom is supporting freedom itself.
**Dr. Majid Rafizadeh, is a political scientist, Harvard-educated analyst, and board member of Harvard International Review. He has authored several books on the US foreign policy. He can be reached at dr.rafizadeh@post.harvard.edu
Follow Majid Rafizadeh on X (formerly Twitter)
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/22203/human-rights-defenders
© 2026 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute.

Question: Who was Melchizedek?
GotQuestions.org/January 16/2026
Answer: Melchizedek, whose name means “king of righteousness,” was a king of Salem (Jerusalem) and priest of the Most High God (Genesis 14:18–20; Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 5:6–11; 6:20—7:28). Melchizedek’s sudden appearance and disappearance in the book of Genesis is somewhat mysterious. Melchizedek and Abraham first met after Abraham’s defeat of Chedorlaomer and his three allies. Melchizedek presented bread and wine to Abraham and his weary men, demonstrating friendship. He bestowed a blessing on Abraham in the name of El Elyon (“God Most High”) and praised God for giving Abraham a victory in battle (Genesis 14:18–20).
Abraham presented Melchizedek with a tithe (a tenth) of all the items he had gathered. By this act Abraham indicated that he recognized Melchizedek as a priest who ranked higher spiritually than he.
In Psalm 110, a messianic psalm written by David (Matthew 22:43), Melchizedek is presented as a type of Christ. This theme is repeated in the book of Hebrews, where both Melchizedek and Christ are considered kings of righteousness and peace. By citing Melchizedek and his unique priesthood as a type, the writer shows that Christ’s new priesthood is superior to the old levitical order and the priesthood of Aaron (Hebrews 7:1–10).
Some propose that Melchizedek was actually a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, or a Christophany. This is a possible theory, especially given that Abraham received such a visit later, in Genesis 17—18, when Abraham saw and spoke with the Lord (Yahweh) in the form of a man.
Hebrews 6:20 says, “[Jesus] has become a high priest forever, in the order of Melchizedek.” This term order would ordinarily indicate a succession of priests holding the office. None are ever mentioned, however, in the long interval from Melchizedek to Christ, an anomaly that can be solved by assuming that Melchizedek and Christ are really the same person. Thus the “order” is eternally vested in Him and Him alone.
Hebrews 7:3 says that Melchizedek was “without father or mother, without genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, resembling the Son of God, he remains a priest forever.” The question is whether the author of Hebrews means this actually or figuratively.
If the description in Hebrews is literal, then it is indeed difficult to see how it could be properly applied to anyone but the Lord Jesus Christ. No mere earthly king “remains a priest forever,” and no mere human is “without father or mother.” If Genesis 14 describes a theophany, then God the Son came to give Abraham His blessing (Genesis 14:17–19), appearing as the King of Righteousness (Revelation 19:11,16), the King of Peace (Isaiah 9:6), and the Mediator between God and Man (1 Timothy 2:5).
If the description of Melchizedek is figurative, then the details of having no genealogy, no beginning or ending, and a ceaseless ministry are simply statements accentuating the mysterious nature of the person who met Abraham. In this case, the silence in the Genesis account concerning these details is purposeful and better serves to link Melchizedek with Christ.
Are Melchizedek and Jesus the same person, i.e., was Melchizedek a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ? A case can be made either way. At the very least, Melchizedek is a type of Christ, prefiguring the Lord’s ministry. But it is also possible that Abraham, after his weary battle, met and gave honor to the Lord Jesus Himself.

Why Are Mosques Burning in Tehran?  In the case of Iran, the answer is complicated.
Alberto M. Fernandez/National Catholic Register/Published on January 17/2026
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2026/01/151215/
Coming a few days after Christmas 2025, the protests erupting in Iran caught much of the Western world by surprise. Of course, Iran has had major protests before (2009-2010, 2011, 2019-2020, 2022-2023), which have often been brutally suppressed by the Islamic Republic’s security forces.
This time, however, the protests appear to have been even larger, and the body count of victims greater than ever before.
The Shah never killed so many people. The number of dead has been estimated at between 2,000 and 12,000 so far, most of them killed by the regime’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), the Basij paramilitary, and the police. This is likely the worst slaughter of civilians in the history of modern Iran.
Regime figures have responded that several hundred (200-300) security forces were killed by the protesters, and that there were many cases of vandalism and arson, including — according to the Tehran Fire Department — at least 34 mosques set on fire in the Iranian capital. Pro-regime social media sources highlighted the mosque burnings and also showed what supposedly was an oppositionist throwing a Molotov cocktail inside a locked mosque in Isfahan.
Why are Iranians — an overwhelming number of whom are supposedly Muslims (98% according to many accounts) — burning mosques?
Although extremism exists everywhere, targeting places of worship has often been considered a taboo. It certainly should be, in the East or in the West. And yet, in our time, we’ve seen more than 120 churches destroyed in Canada, mostly by arson, as a result of a frenzy of anticlericalism triggered by false, misleading or unproven claims of “mass graves” of children.
In the case of Iran, the answer is complicated. There is always the possibility that mosques are being burned by “agents provocateurs” of the Iranian regime itself — a regime with a long track record of lying and disinformation. There is also, it must be admitted, a type of nihilistic personality that likes to destroy things, a mindset immortalized in the 2008 Batman superhero movie The Dark Knight: “Some men just want to watch the world burn” (a line that later became a social media meme).
But there are a couple of additional, more Iran-specific factors that can shed some light on these mosque burnings. Some analysts have noted the use of certain mosques as recruitment and training centers for the Basij paramilitary forces. The Basij is a feared regime militia founded by Ayatollah Khomeini himself in 1979 as a supplement or counterpart to the regular army, meant to protect the Islamic Revolution.
The Basij were deployed as cannon fodder in human-wave attacks during the Iran-Iraq War. Since then, they have been used as inexpensive volunteer enforcers and agents of repression. They are drawn from “a slender minority” of the country that still believes — young men and boys who are “armed, ideologically brainwashed and easily mobilized.”
Another reason for targeting mosques goes to the heart of the regime and its reason for existence: this is explicitly the Islamic Republic of Iran. Everything the regime does — every excuse or explanation — is wrapped in the cloak of religion. And religion with absolute political power can sometimes end up discrediting religion itself.
I first visited Spain shortly after the death of Francisco Franco, the country’s long-ruling dictator, who had strongly enforced Catholic morality. The period immediately after Franco’s exit became known as el destape (the unveiling), and it was, among other things, a time of great reaction against morals and religion. Anything went; everything seemed to be permitted, as daring and as shocking as possible.
An Iranian-American scholar told me years ago that “Iran was the first Islamic Republic and it would be the first post-Islamic Republic,” meaning that the rigidity of the regime, the corruption and errors of decades of near-absolute rule, and the hypocrisy of its rulers and clerics would not only discredit the regime but also the religion it weaponized to justify its rule. To be called a hypocrite in Islam — a munafiq — is an incendiary charge. A munafiq can be considered worse than an infidel because of deceit.
Over the years, I have sat with Iranians who delighted in telling scandalous tales and jokes about the mullahs. Bitter corollaries to this are videos and stories about the hypocritical children of the clerical elite — from low-cut wedding dresses to drinking, partying and conspicuous consumption. The current wave of protests was triggered by economic turmoil and inflation connected to a banking crisis, in which corrupt banks subsidizing crooked “Islamic” ruling elites became insolvent.
One final element that raises questions about the mosque burnings is that we simply don’t know what percentage of Iran’s population remains religiously devout or even practices or identifies with their religion. The familiar claim that Iran is “98% Muslim” — most of them Twelver Shiite Muslims, followers of the official state religion — is worth examining critically.
An intriguing August 2020 study from the Netherlands by scholars Ammar Maleki and Pooyan Tamimi Arab concluded that only a third of Iranians still identify as Shiite Muslims (32.2%). In second place were Iranian “nones” with 22.2%, followed by atheists at 8.8%. Next were self-identified Zoroastrians, adherents of the ancient pre-Islamic religion of Iran, at 7.7%. (The official figure for Zoroastrians in Iran places them at less than 1%, smaller even than the country’s Christian population.) Although not a focus of the study, it also seems clear that Iran’s small Christian population — some of it underground in “house churches” — is larger than official statistics suggest.
Perhaps those enraged vandals and arsonists targeting regime mosques are drawn from what may now be the overwhelming majority of Iranians: those so scandalized and utterly disaffected by nearly 50 years of corrupt and bloody Islamic rule that they are willing to do almost anything to see it fall. And a hard fall it may yet turn out to be.

https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/fernandez-why-are-mosques-burning-in-tehran
Publshed on January 15, 2026

On International Law and the Model
Hazem Saghieh/ Asharq Al Awsat/17 January 2026
Two voices have been rumbled globally since the Venezuelan event: one questions the need for international law as such, with the negative answer implied in the question, and the other loudly decries its absence with feigned innocence. The law is a process of contention and a framework assessed along a spectrum, not a fleeting event, however significant the event may be. Law will remain so long as there are states, and states will certainly remain. However, not seeking ideals and values that try to improve how states operate and to contain their wars is a debased form of realism. It goes against every noble idea in history under the pretext that these ideas are not realistic. That was the case for the principle of monotheism, and then with gender equality and the abolition of slavery...This human pursuit of betterment has manifested itself in states and international relations since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which inaugurated an era that, among other things, called for religious tolerance, which was intertwined with states and their war and peace. Later on, Immanuel Kant came to be regarded as an early founder of legalism and opposition to war. In 1795, he wrote his famous essay “Perpetual Peace,” betting on treaties between sovereign states to achieve it and making recommendations that he believed states should rush to adopt in order to leave the “state of universal nature.” He thereby laid international law as a framework by which every state could enjoy freedom, allowing its inhabitants to lead their lives freely; accordingly, any state that dared to violate this formula would be violating its own existence as a state. Kant stressed that perpetual peace was inevitable. Like all inevitabilities, it was always destined to disappoint. International law and its institutions are strained by major shifts, state competition over land and resources, and displays of raw power. With the League of Nations that was established in 1920, however, another conceptual shift came when negotiation, rather than force, came to be seen as the means for resolving conflict. However, the end of the First World War that had given rise to the League of Nations also produced the Treaty of Versailles, which, with its humiliation and impoverishment of Germany, carried the seeds of the Second World War.
In this constant push and pull, we can only value the efforts that led to the League of Nations and the United Nations, as well as those that called for complementing economic globalization with political and legislative globalization or that note how most of our world’s problems cannot be solved within a national framework; this applies to terrorism, the environment, and cybersecurity...And when one speaks of “international law,” one is also referring to multilateral international treaties, institutions, organizations, and political alliances, as well as free trade and an opposition to major decisions being taken on whim- that is, the ABCs of modernity and progress. Yet, many of the law’s defenders only defend it against the United States, brandishing international law, together with “national sovereignty,” to shield regimes and forces that do nothing but violate both. Calls for respecting the law cannot be taken seriously when they come from a regime founded on the seizure of an embassy it had dubbed a “den of spies” and whose ascendance was associated with bombing embassies, as seen in Beirut, or if they come from police states and non-state actors that have never questioned their equivalence of peace and “surrender,” through which they grant themselves the right to kill, smuggle weapons, manufacture drugs, and undermine the weakest nations’ sovereignty...
The question of the model branches out of the struggle over the law. Today, there is a party openly stating that it does not seek to be anyone’s model and that it is driven by the pursuit of absolute national security, which comes “first.” We also know that America stands out in prioritizing national law over international law. The nationalist tradition that combines selfishness, a lack of empathy, and the naked pursuit of self-interest, found a “realist” founder in Senator Henry Cabot Lodge. He managed to push through a paradoxical state of affairs by preventing his country, through nationalist and isolationist slogans, from joining the League of Nations despite the fact that US President Woodrow Wilson (who had once taught Kant at Princeton) was the League’s godfather. A model, however, requires two parties: one that offers it and another that receives it. Here, too, we hear melodramatic lamentations decrying the fact that the US does not offer the world a model, by the very same people who, for decades, had reduced the US and the West to colonialism and plunder. When John Kennedy was urging the Shah of Iran to implement agrarian reform, the forefathers of today’s mourners were pledging allegiance to a cleric in Qom who had rejected agrarian reform. Our visceral militant intellectuals want to affirm the illegality of Israeli actions (and they are indeed illegal) while continuing to celebrate October 7 as a “glorious” day.” Since Western colonial behavior is offered as a justification for rejecting its model, it is worth noting that the argument did not change after Eisenhower stood against colonialism and supported Nasser; rather, the latter and his followers chose to infuse their hostility toward Britain with hostility to the US.These examples and many others speak to the depth of our cultural rejection of the Western model in principle, because our political culture has its own comprehensive self-sufficient model, one that arose solely to confront the Western model. Even in less radical environments, this sharp dichotomy resonates strongly, isolating that which is "suitable for us” in the West, material and technological progress, and what “does not suit us,” everything tied to cultural and social questions. Between one party that is not offering a model and another that accepts no model, the world goes on inflicting its violence upon itself.

UK leader looks to China as Asia-Pacific pivot intensifies
Andrew Hammond/Arab News/January 17, 2026
A major UK pivot to the Asia-Pacific region has been underway now for several years during the post-Brexit era. However, there has been a significant intensification of this shift in recent months, with the country seeking to seize what has been called the “Asia-Pacific moment.”
Later this month, UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer is expected to visit Beijing — his first trip to the nascent superpower since he assumed office. The agenda will be shaped by the economic opportunity for the UK in the vast Chinese market. This follows up on Starmer’s trip to India last fall, and his visit to the Pacific island of Samoa in 2024 for the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting. Building from these trips, just before Christmas, the UK reached a trade deal with South Korea, the fourth such agreement in 2025 for London, following UK agreements with the EU and India, plus a US tariff deal. The South Korea accord is forecast by London to grow UK services exports by £400 million (about $540 million). This includes improved access to a growing financial market, building on £1.1 billion in financial and insurance exports in 2024.
The South Korea deal will secure continued, permanent UK tariff-free access across 98 percent of tariff lines, the same terms the EU has with South Korea. It will also update rules of origin that will simplify tariff-free access and will open doors for greater diversification across supply chains for sectors such as automotive and pharmaceuticals. Smaller businesses could be particular winners by streamlining custom processes and reducing South Korean non-tariff barriers. By 2030, a growing slice of the world’s population will live in the vast Asia-Pacific region, which is helping to drive huge demand for goods and services across sectors where the UK has long-established strengths. This includes financial services, life sciences, defence and security, education, advanced manufacturing, clean energy, creative industries, digital, healthcare, green finance, luxury brands, and professional and business services. This economic opportunity is especially compelling in a world of growing protectionism where there is a growing need for London to diversify its trade and investment markets toward the region. While the UK has recently reached major trade deals with individual countries such as India, the biggest single deal so far is perhaps the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership, or CPTPP, which includes Australia, Brunei, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, and Vietnam. Since leaving the EU, overall, the UK has made significant diplomatic progress in the Asia-Pacific.
As Starmer’s upcoming trip indicates, engagement is also intensifying with China after relations cooled significantly following the coronavirus pandemic beginning in 2020. The UK government has said that while a stronger partnership is desired with China, London will be a pragmatic, if sometimes critical, friend in future.These and other opportunities highlight the upside opportunity to the UK economy given the UK’s global competitiveness in areas ranging from life sciences to fintech, and education to security. However, rising data protectionism threatens to fragment the market, and there is now an urgent mission for London to push for interoperability, including through CPTPP, and wider multilateral rule-shaping. Another opportunity is driving the Asia-Pacific region’s green transition, leveraging UK tech strengths and knowhow in this area. Half of global greenhouse emissions emanate from this region, yet demand for offshore wind, green hydrogen and carbon finance is growing fast in the push to net-zero targets in the second half of the 21st century.
One other key strength is defense-industrial partnerships. In nations across the region, from Japan to Australia, the UK is not only an economic partner but also a longstanding security ally. Recent developments such as AUKUS showcase UK expertise in sectors including aerospace, cyber, and manufacturing.
The latter, moreover, highlights the imperative of the UK engaging in the Asia-Pacific for geopolitical reasons. This is not just the fact that relations between the US and China are tense, but also reflects broader challenges, including North Korean unpredictability.
In this dynamic, highly uncertain context, the UK’s longstanding reputation as a relatively stable, predictable, and trusted partner has potential for a distinct strategic advantage. Especially with a government in place in London with a large majority that could be in power till 2029, this offers a multi-year horizon for a trusted alternative for Asia-Pacific business and governments seeking to hedge against political and regulatory uncertainty. If it is to seize this huge opportunity, London needs a compelling grand strategy that combines the best of UK hard and soft power, drawing on longstanding national economic strengths and diplomacy. This should leverage the UK’s global soft power, including higher education, research collaboration, the creative industries, and cultural diplomacy to strengthen long-term influence. Moreover, sustained senior-level business and political engagement is key too, embedding the UK more fully within regional growth corridors through regular ministerial and diplomatic presence on the ground, including permanent partnerships across the Asia-Pacific. This political and commercial diplomacy should leverage CPTPP accession, bilateral trade agreements and wider enhanced trade dialogues, plus significant new market access. The goal is a long-term, targeted strategy capable of addressing key obstacles through sustained government-to-government engagement, backed by leading-edge corporate dialogue. Taken together, a potentially significant intensification of the UK pivot to the Asia-Pacific is underway that builds from the post-Brexit reorientation to the region. Economics, not only politics, is at the heart of this, with UK businesses seeking to secure greater traction in the region on the back of new bilateral trade deals and the CPTPP.
• Andrew Hammond is an associate at LSE IDEAS at the London School of Economics.

Fate of the Tehran regime is in its own hands
Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Asharq Al-Awsat/January 17, 2026
Ending the nuclear program and stopping external activity could spare Iran foreign intervention that enables internal change by exploiting widespread domestic unrest. The Iranian regime is facing an existential crisis for the first time since the founder of the Islamic Republic returned to Tehran. There is only one actor capable of preventing the regime’s descent and possible collapse, and it is not Washington, Israel or any of the Gulf states. The only party capable of saving the Iranian regime from its fate is the regime itself. This time, the threats against it have converged, and together they are capable of bringing it down. Danger surrounds it both internally and externally. The regime stubbornly adopted the nuclear project despite the clear impossibility of being allowed to possess nuclear weapons. Today, it is paying the price and finds itself standing at the finish line, stripped naked, without nuclear deterrence. The Tehran leadership also persistently adopted projects of external change and the export of chaos, declaring this official state policy from its first day in power. These projects led to confrontations that harmed both Iran and the region. We are now witnessing the collapse of most of the external revolutionary project.
Danger surrounds it internally and externally
Very little time remains for the regime to take courageous decisions and execute a complete reversal. This may be the final hour, and it still has the option of withdrawing from its nuclear project, which everyone knows is a military effort rather than one aimed at electricity generation. It can spare itself destruction by retreating from its hostile policies toward countries in the region, dismantling the military institutions that were built to create chaos and threaten neighbors, and refraining from imposing its will on the peoples of the region regarding their choices between peace and confrontation. Such decisions, ending the nuclear program and external activity, can spare Iran foreign intervention that would enable internal change by exploiting the widespread unrest inside the country.  What we are seeing now is Iran tactically seeking to halt a US attack, bargaining over freezing the nuclear project while promising to abandon its military dimension. This may satisfy the core requirement of Washington and Israel, but it raises concern for countries in the region. A wounded lion remains dangerous to most regional states once it recovers, as long as it retains its conventional weapons and military institutions directed toward external military activity.
A wounded lion remains dangerous
The narrative that we face two bitter options, that the regime’s survival is preferable to chaos, is valid only in a peaceful environment and under a rational, non-extremist ideological system. The regime can buy more time and reach understandings that prevent it from being targeted by the US and Israel. This does not necessarily halt the collapse, but merely delays it, unless the regime adopts a series of internal and regional retreats. If it were to do so, this would mean we are facing a system unlike the one we have known for almost half a century. Predictions of the regime’s fall are old and have been repeatedly made, yet the system has endured. Zbigniew Brzezinski, US President Jimmy Carter’s right-hand man and the official responsible for the file at the time, said after Ayatollah Khomeini came to power: “This is a temporary mobilization regime.” Years later, Henry Kissinger agreed with him, saying: “The regime is internally contradictory, a modern state and a revolutionary doctrine, and cannot last long.” Yet it has endured for four decades and become a dominant regional power. Those predictions were premature. Today, however, the trajectory of the Islamic Republic appears to be toward change. The question is how. A total collapse or a partial transformation? The region must prepare for such potential changes, both negative and positive. And while extending support to Tehran, we must remember that our issue with the regime lies solely in its external interventions, which it continues to pursue in Lebanon, Iraq, and Yemen, even as it is on its deathbed. So, is Tehran truly ready to change?
• Abdulrahman Al-Rashed is a Saudi journalist and intellectual. He is the former general manager of Al-Arabiya news channel and former editor-in-chief of Asharq Al-Awsat, where this article was originally published. X: @aalrashed

Selected Face Book & X tweets/ January 17/2026
Abdelfattah Elsisi
I appreciate the letter from His Excellency President Donald Trump @realDonaldTrump and his valued efforts to consolidate the foundations of peace and stability at the regional and international levels, as well as the appreciation it conveyed for Egypt’s pivotal role in supporting security and stability in the region.
I also value President Trump’s attention to the central importance of the Nile River issue for Egypt, as it represents the lifeline of the Egyptian people. Egypt has affirmed its commitment to serious and constructive cooperation with the Nile Basin countries, based on the principles of international law, in a manner that achieves shared interests without causing harm to any party. These are the constants upon which the Egyptian position is founded. In this context, I have addressed a letter to President Trump conveying my thanks and appreciation, reaffirming Egypt’s position and our related concerns regarding Egyptian water security, underscoring Egypt’s support for his efforts, and expressing my aspiration to continue working closely with him during the coming phase.