English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For  September 02/2025
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
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Bible Quotations For today
If one of you has a child or an ox that falls into a well on the Sabbath day, will you not immediately pull it out?
Luke/14/01-06/ One Sabbath, when Jesus went to eat in the house of a prominent Pharisee, he was being carefully watched. 2 There in front of him was a man suffering from abnormal swelling of his body. Jesus asked the Pharisees and experts in the law, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?” But they remained silent. So taking hold of the man, he healed him and sent him on his way. Then he asked them, “If one of you has a child[a] or an ox that falls into a well on the Sabbath day, will you not immediately pull it out?” And they had nothing to say.

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published
on September 01-02/2025
Reflections on the 105th Anniversary of the Proclamation of Greater Lebanon/Elias Bejjani/September 01/2025
Who is Saint Simeon the Stylite, whose annual feast we commemorate today September 01?/Elias Bejjani/September 01/2025
Elias Bejjani/Text and Video: An analysis in Nabih Berri's Televised Speech on the 48th Annual Remembrance Day of the Disappearance of El Emam Mousa Al-Sadr
Bolton: Disarming Hezbollah Is Key to Middle East Peace
Barrack reportedly pressing Israel on 'step-for-step' approach
Aoun, Salam discuss preparations for Friday's key cabinet session
Lebanon and Syria to form committees on prisoners, missing persons, and border issues
Abbas Determined to Withdraw All Palestinian Weapons from Lebanon
Le Drian in Beirut to Prepare Lebanon Conferences
Jaber says BDL trying to resolve issue of Hezbollah's al-Qard al-Hassan
Shiite ministers to attend cabinet session on arms monopoly, report says
LF MP says arms monopoly issue 'leaning to positivity'
Raggi: State Monopoly on Arms Is a “Historic Step” Toward Sovereignty
UNESCO Chief to Visit Beirut for Cultural and Urban Projects
Salloum Warns of Threat from Expired Medicines
850,000 Syrian refugees have returned home since Assad's fall, UN says
Neemat Aoun Says Rebuilding Lebanon Will Require Time
Disarming Militias: Time for Lebanon to Assert a Firm Stance?/Élie-Joe Kamel/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
UNIFIL Exit: Organizing the Withdrawal of 10,000 Peacekeepers from Southern Lebanon/Soumia Benmerzoug/This is Beirut/September 01/2025

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on September 01-02/2025
Israel sends tanks deeper in Gaza City, more families flee
Gaza journalists fear they could be targeted next amid Israeli smear campaign
Israel is committing genocide in Gaza, scholars’ association says
Gaza aid flotilla departs Barcelona again: AFP journalists
UK ‘outraged’ at Israel restricting aid as it works to evacuate children from Gaza for treatment
King Abdullah, French President Emmanuel Macron discuss Gaza, Syria, Lebanon
Yemen’s Houthis launch missile that lands near oil tanker in Red Sea
Yemen's Houthis say they Targeted Red Sea Ship with Missile
Iran and the Sanctions’ Reinstatement: From Balance to Isolation
Putin Meets Erdogan, Praises Turkey's Mediation Efforts on Ukraine
Zelensky to Meet European Leaders in Paris on Thursday
Russian Drone Attacks on Ukraine Dropped in August
Xi and Putin Lash Out at the West Before Eurasian leaders
Maduro: 8 US Ships 'with 1,200 Missiles' Threatening Venezuela
Afghanistan Earthquake Kills More Than 1000

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on August 31-September 01/2025
Solomonic Judgment/Dr. Charles Chartouni/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Is the tide finally turning against Israel?/Dr. Ramzy Baroud/Arab News/September 01, 2025
The man who closed the chapter of both Assads/Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/September 01, 2025
Can Gaza forge Saudi-Iranian unity?/Hassan Al-Mustafa/Arab News/August 31, 2025
The Woman Behind the Veil/Sara Al Nuaimi/Gatestone Institute/September 01/2025
Seeking Regional Leaders with Sadat’s Vision/Michel Touma/This is Beirut/September 01/2025

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on September 01-02/2025
Reflections on the 105th Anniversary of the Proclamation of Greater Lebanon
Elias Bejjani/September 01/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/09/146914/
105 years ago, the declaration of the State of Greater Lebanon took place. The only historical era in which Lebanon truly enjoyed peace, prosperity, and stability lasted until the early 1970s. After that came disintegration, along with divisions, wars, and chaos triggered by the armed Palestinian invasion, the rise of local nationalist, Arabist, leftist, and jihadist movements, the Nasserist tide, and militant leftist activities.
The process of disintegration and collapse deepened with the Taif Agreement, which was imposed due to an imbalance of local and regional power. Today, Lebanon has reached the peak of its decline and loss of sovereignty under the Iranian occupation, enforced through its jihadist and terrorist military proxy that blasphemously and heretically carries the name “Hezbollah” (“God’s Party”).
From the Mutasarrifate to the State: Contexts of Greater Lebanon’s Birth
The proclamation of Greater Lebanon was a pivotal event in the modern history of the Levant, occurring against the backdrop of the Ottoman Empire’s collapse and the rise of competing national and regional projects. While some local and regional forces sought to realize the “Greater Syria” project under Emir Faisal I, supported by the Arab Revolt, an alternative vision backed by France emerged: the establishment of a distinct political entity in the coastal and mountainous regions of Bilad al-Sham. This paper offers a deep analytical reading of the 105th anniversary of Greater Lebanon’s proclamation, moving beyond traditional historical narratives to deconstruct the root causes, outcomes, and enduring implications of this event on Lebanon’s state structure and identity up to the present day.
The Proclamation of Greater Lebanon: Between Local Aspirations and Colonial Reality
The proclamation of Greater Lebanon was not a unilateral decision imposed by the French Mandate authority; it was the culmination of intersecting local, regional, and international interests. The entity was formally declared through an administrative decree issued by General Henri Gouraud, the French High Commissioner in Syria and Cilicia, on August 31, 1920, which took effect the following day, September 1, 1920.
The Local Role: Patriarch Elias al-Huwayek
Maronite Patriarch Elias Boutros al-Huwayek played a decisive role in the birth of Greater Lebanon, and is considered one of the four most important figures in this context. His vision went beyond creating a mere sectarian refuge for the Maronites; he was firmly convinced of the need for a viable economic entity.
After the famine that devastated Mount Lebanon during World War I, Patriarch al-Huwayek realized that the Mutasarrifate, with its narrow borders, was unable to feed its inhabitants and was plagued by poverty and mass emigration. In response, he led a delegation to the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, where he presented a detailed memorandum on October 24, 1919, demanding expanded borders for Lebanon.
His demands were based on historical and geographical arguments, claiming they coincided with the ancient borders of Phoenicia, as well as those of the Ma‘nid and Shihabid principalities, and with maps from an old French military mission. These claims extended Lebanon’s boundaries from Lake Homs in the north to Lake Huleh in the south, incorporating vital agricultural plains absent from the Mutasarrifate. Thus, Patriarch al-Huwayek was not advocating for a closed sectarian enclave, but for a pluralistic homeland capable of sustaining its people economically.
The French Role: Strategic Support
France had long viewed Lebanon as its foothold in the Middle East, casting itself as the “protector” of Eastern Christians since the 17th century. Supporting al-Huwayek’s demands was therefore not mere benevolence, but part of a strategic plan to cement French influence in the Levant against rising Arab nationalism. The proclamation of Greater Lebanon crowned this French role, with France presenting itself as the protector of minorities in constant tension with their Muslim surroundings. In his speech, General Gouraud praised Patriarch al-Huwayek as “the great Patriarch of Lebanon who descended from his mountain to attend this glorious day.” Thus, the proclamation resulted from the convergence of two wills: a local will for a viable entity and a colonial will for dominance. The economic crisis and famine of Mount Lebanon pressured the Maronite Patriarchate to demand territorial expansion, while France saw in those demands the perfect justification for its military and political presence under the guise of “protecting minorities.” The outcome was the creation of a new entity that satisfied part of the Lebanese population but clashed with the vision of another part.
A New Map and a Divided Identity: Voices of Opposition and Faisal’s Project
Despite local support, the proclamation was met with fierce rejection from most inhabitants of the newly annexed regions. This opposition reflected deep divisions in national visions — divisions that remain alive today.
Annexed Areas and Local Positions
Decree No. 318 defined the new entity’s borders to include the Mutasarrifate of Mount Lebanon plus the districts of Baalbek, the Beqaa, Rachaya, and Hasbaya, as well as the sanjaks of Beirut and Sidon. These regions, which had previously belonged to Ottoman provinces like Damascus and Beirut, suddenly found themselves part of a political entity with different orientations. The general stance of Muslims (both Sunni and Shia) was rejection, though expressed differently across regions:
Tripoli and Beirut: resistance took the form of strikes, civil disobedience, and political opposition led by Sunni notables.
Jabal ‘Amil (South Lebanon) and the Beqaa: resistance was armed, with guerrilla warfare waged against French forces. At the Wadi al-Hujayr Conference, Shia leaders openly pledged allegiance to King Faisal in Damascus.
The roots of this opposition lay in their shift from being part of a ruling majority under the Ottomans to becoming a minority within a Christian-led entity. Many preferred integration into a larger Arab state — “Greater Syria” (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Jordan) — under Emir Faisal’s leadership.
The Faisal Era and the Collapse of the Arab National Project
Prince Faisal ibn al-Husayn was the preferred monarch for opponents of Greater Lebanon. On March 8, 1920, the Syrian General Congress declared Syria’s independence within its “natural borders” and crowned Faisal as king. This Arab nationalist project was the favored alternative for Muslims who rejected the French Mandate and Lebanon’s separation. Yet, the dream was short-lived. In July 1920, France issued Faisal an ultimatum to accept the Mandate; though he reluctantly agreed, French forces advanced on Damascus and defeated the Syrians at the Battle of Maysalun on July 24, 1920. Faisal’s withdrawal from Damascus removed the Arab nationalist alternative that opponents had hoped for. This collapse was not incidental but an essential precondition for the success of the Greater Lebanon project. With Faisal gone, opponents were left with no choice but reluctant acceptance of the new reality.
Ottoman Provinces and Their Reactions to Greater Lebanon
Region (annexed) Previous Ottoman Affiliation Reaction
Baalbek, Beqaa, Rachaya, Hasbaya Province of Damascus Armed resistance (guerrilla war)
Beirut & Sidon Sanjaks Province of Beirut / Province of Haifa Political resistance (strikes, civil disobedience)
Tripoli Province of Tripoli Strong political resistance (strikes, civil disobedience)
This early divergence between armed resistance in the South and Beqaa, and political resistance in coastal cities, reveals deeper fractures within Lebanese society — fractures that predated the state’s creation and continued to resurface thereafter.
The “Golden Age”: Superficial Prosperity, Deep Inequality
After full independence in 1943 and the establishment of the Lebanese Republic under its sectarian system, Lebanon experienced an unprecedented economic and social boom during the 1950s and 1960s. Beirut earned nicknames like “the Paris of the Middle East” and “the California of the Eastern Mediterranean.”
Signs of Prosperity and Modernization
This boom was built on services, particularly banking and tourism. Beirut became a regional financial and tourist hub, attracting visitors from across the world. Cultural and artistic life flourished, with thriving nightclubs, cafés, and theaters. Landmarks like the Phoenicia Hotel and Casino du Liban, which hosted international figures, symbolized the era. Infrastructure also improved, including trams and railways.
Roots of Economic and Social Crisis
But the boom was superficial, masking deep contradictions. The Lebanese economic model was unbalanced — a “dependent capitalism” relying heavily on foreign capital and remittances, centered on services at the expense of agriculture and industry. This produced severe income inequality: families in Beirut and Mount Lebanon disproportionately benefited from opportunities. By 1954, average annual income in Beirut was five times that of rural agricultural families. Just 4% of Lebanese controlled 33% of national income, while most suffered from poverty. These regional and class disparities — with sectarian dimensions — formed a ticking time bomb awaiting ignition.
From Fragile Balance to Civil War: Palestinian Presence and the National Movement
Lebanon’s “golden age” rested on a fragile internal balance, which soon collapsed under regional pressures.
The Rise of Armed Palestinian Presence
Initially, Palestinians in Lebanon lived quietly. But after the 1967 defeat, fedayeen activity escalated, leading to clashes with the Lebanese army in 1968–1969. The situation worsened after the PLO leadership relocated from Jordan to Lebanon in 1970 following Black September.
The Cairo Agreement: A State within a State
Signed on November 3, 1969, between the Lebanese army and the PLO under Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser’s mediation, the Cairo Agreement effectively granted the PLO semi-autonomous authority in the camps and the right to launch armed operations from Lebanon. This created a “state within a state,” undermining sovereignty and dividing Lebanese society between supporters and opponents.
The Lebanese National Movement
The Palestinians were not the sole cause of civil war; they were the spark that ignited pre-existing contradictions. Armed Palestinian presence found strong support from the Lebanese National Movement, a coalition of leftist, Arab nationalist, and Syrian parties led by Druze leader Kamal Jumblatt. The Movement’s goals went beyond supporting Palestinians: it called for abolishing political sectarianism, implementing social and economic reforms, and affirming Lebanon’s Arab identity. It included members from various sects — Muslims, Druze, and even some Christians — showing it was not merely sectarian, but a transformative force challenging Lebanon’s system. Thus, Lebanon’s war was not Lebanese vs. Palestinians, but an internal struggle over Lebanon’s identity and future. The Palestinian cause became a tool in domestic battles, leading to civil war on April 13, 1975.
Key Clauses of the 1969 Cairo Agreement and Consequences for Lebanese Sovereignty
Right to armed struggle from Lebanese territory → undermined sovereignty.
Increased Israeli retaliatory raids → weakened the army.
Creation of autonomous committees in camps → state within a state.
Camps turned into security zones beyond state control.
Facilitated fedayeen movement across borders → weakened border control.
Heightened tensions between army and Palestinian factions.
Failure of the Experience or National Necessity?
One hundred and five years after the proclamation of Greater Lebanon, a critical re-examination is necessary, away from founding myths.
Foundational Myths: Critical Deconstruction
Lebanon’s identity was built on narratives such as being a “refuge for minorities” or a “Mediterranean Phoenician entity.” Its identity remained contested between “Mediterranean” and “Arab”.
Conclusion: Can It Continue?
The Greater Lebanon experiment has not been a total failure, but as proclaimed, it has proven unsustainable. The liberal economic model was fragile, dependent on external wealth, and incapable of ensuring social justice. It deepened inequalities between rich and poor, center and periphery.
The sectarian system, designed as a political solution for power-sharing, was never applied in its spirit; sectarian elites exploited it for influence, obstructing state-building on the basis of citizenship and equality. The problem was not the idea of Lebanon itself, but the flawed foundations on which it was built, and the fact that parts of the Muslim community never truly embraced it, preferring an Arab-Islamic entity.
Centralized sectarianism was never a permanent solution — at best, a temporary fix. Once it became the problem itself, it opened the door to Palestinian, Syrian, and later Iranian penetration, leading to the state’s collapse. Lebanon now requires a “new national formula”, one that establishes a just civil entity based on federalism. But before moving to federalism, a precondition is the complete disarmament of all Lebanese, Iranian and Palestinian militias, and the dismantling of their educational, military, intelligence, and financial structures, so that all communities and regions stand equal. A federal system would guarantee each sectarian and ethnic community its rights, preserve its identity, history, and culture, and enable coexistence within a fair and viable state.

Who is Saint Simeon the Stylite, whose annual feast we commemorate today September 01?
Elias Bejjani/September 01/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/09/146902/
The hallowed monk, Saint Simeon the Stylite, is considered one of the most prominent hermits to practice a singular form of asceticism in the history of both the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, which commemorate his annual feast on different dates.
The Orthodox Church, including the Eastern Catholic Churches such as the Maronite Church, celebrates his feast on the first of September each year. In contrast, the Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast on the fifth of January each year.
Birthplace, Date of Birth, and Passing
Simeon the Stylite was born around the year 388 AD in the village of Sisan (or Sis), a dependency of the city of Antioch in northern Syria, a region now part of modern-day Turkey near the Syrian border. He was born into a humble family of shepherds. He departed from this world on the second day of September in the year 459 AD, after a lifetime of rigorous asceticism and devout worship.
The Dawn of His Monastic Journey
Simeon’s spiritual journey began at a tender age. At thirteen, he entered a monastery near his home. He was zealous in his spiritual disciplines, a fervor that troubled his fellow monks, as he would fast excessively and engage in prolonged prayers. Among the tales recounted from that period is one of him binding a rough rope of palm fiber around his body, which caused deep wounds. When the abbot discovered this, he asked Simeon to leave the monastery, believing his extreme practices were not suitable for the communal monastic life. Following his departure, Simeon turned to the solitary life of a hermit in the desert, spending a period in complete isolation. He then moved to a mountainous region where he bound himself with iron chains but abandoned this practice after a time at the request of a bishop.
Life Atop the Column
In the year 423 AD, Simeon made the decision for which he became profoundly famed: he resolved to live atop a column. He began with a short column and gradually had it built higher and higher. The final column he lived upon reached a height of approximately 15 meters. Life atop the column was an unfathomable physical and psychological trial. He was exposed to biting cold, scorching heat, wind, and rain, and he slept only for very brief periods. He rarely descended from the column, and when he did, he would return to it swiftly. Simeon remained on the column for nearly 37 years until his passing.
The Message of His Life Atop the Column
Simeon the Stylite’s life on the column was not merely an eccentric or irrational act. It was a message deeply rooted in the Christian faith. Through it, he sought to convey several profound truths:
Purification from Sin: He believed that living in such a state of harsh asceticism would help him cleanse himself of the sins of the flesh and attain a high level of spiritual purity.
Complete Devotion to Worship: Life on the column prevented any worldly distractions, allowing him to dedicate himself entirely to prayer and contemplation of his relationship with God. He saw himself as an "angel on earth."
A Living Testimony to the World: In an age when faith faced challenges, Simeon’s life was a living testament to the power of unwavering faith and devotion. People came from every corner to witness him and listen to him, and they were profoundly moved by his self-sacrifice.
His Most Significant Sayings and Deeds
Simeon was not known for leaving behind extensive writings, yet his sayings and deeds were echoed by his disciples and visitors. Among the most notable attributed to him are:
Perpetual Prayer: He emphasized the importance of prayer without ceasing, considering it the only way to commune with God.
Preaching and Teaching: Despite living atop the column, he would preach to visitors and teach them the principles of the Christian faith. People sought him for spiritual counsel, and he answered them with patience and wisdom.
Reconciling Disputes: His fame reached distant lands, and princes and kings would ask him to resolve disputes between them, which shows that his influence was not limited to spiritual matters alone. He was regarded as a just spiritual arbiter.
*Miraculous Works: Numerous works of wonder are attributed to Simeon the Stylite, such as healing the sick, prophesying future events, and casting out evil spirits.
Is Saint Simeon the Stylite Canonized by the Catholic Church?
Yes, Saint Simeon the Stylite is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church. He is considered a common saint among the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches.
Canonization Status: Saint Simeon the Stylite is revered as a saint by the Catholic Church, and his sainthood is referred to as "pre-congregation." This means his holiness was recognized in the very early history of the Church, long before the establishment of the modern formal canonization process.
Influence: Historical records and artifacts in Europe, particularly in Rome, show that Saint Simeon was widely honored in the West as well, underscoring his status as a great figure of faith who transcended the later schisms between the Churches.
His Legacy and Commemoration
The life of Saint Simeon the Stylite was a beacon of inspiration for many. After his passing, a massive church was built around the column on which he lived, known as "the Church of Saint Simeon the Stylite," which is considered one of the most important Christian archaeological sites in the world.
Few followed his specific path of asceticism, yet his life remains a symbol of absolute dedication and sacrifice for the sake of the Faith. Saint Simeon the Stylite is a living example that faith can compel a person to transcend physical and psychological limits to achieve a higher spiritual goal. He is a saint unlike any other, and for this reason, the Church continues to commemorate him and honor him to this very day.

Elias Bejjani/Text and Video: An analysis in Nabih Berri's Televised Speech on the 48th Annual Remembrance Day of the Disappearance of El Emam Mousa Al-Sadr
Dead Rabbits, Torn Hats, Iranian Mouthpiece, Bundles of Contradictions, a Return to the Parrot-like Repetition of Dialogue and the National Strategy, an Adoption of the Mullahs' Stances, the Sanctification of Their Criminal Weapon and tying them to the Fate of the Shiite Community... Iranian stances via Berri the Mouthpiece & Trumpet
Elias Bejjani/August 31, 2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/08/146865/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9SwixM28WI&t=42s
Once again, House Speaker Nabih Berri confirms that he is more dangerous than the terrorist and criminal Hezbollah, the assassination machine, and the Mullahs' jihadist armed proxy. In practice, Berri is currently impersonating Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, Naim Qassem, Khamenei, Mohammed Raad, and Wafiq Safa, but in a suit and tie. This acrobatic politician is the king of corruption and subversion, specializing in playing on all sides and is the inventor of the "hats and rabbits" heresy. He has been in forceful control of the Lebanese Parliament for nearly four decades through "alleyway power." Meanwhile, he was and still is the product of the Palestinian, Syrian Assad's Ba'athist, and Iranian Mullah occupations, serving as their mouthpiece and tool.
His speech today was a bundle of contradictions as he stupidly tries to fool the minds and intelligence of the Lebanese, where he demands something and its opposite.
He praises the Lebanese army and its role, yet at the same time does not want it to perform its duties, claiming that the "ball of fire" should not be thrown into its lap. This means Hezbollah should not be disarmed, as if the army is a sole traffic police force and a forest guard, and not responsible for defending Lebanon.
He demands legitimacy and national consensus, yet he turns a blind eye to the fact that all his 40 years of violations of the constitution, his heretical acts of obstructing the work of Parliament, his chronic corruption, all of Hezbollah's wars, terrorism and assassinations at home and abroad, the lie of the resistance, throwing oneself into the arms of occupations, and defiling the constitution are not all starkly contradictory to legitimacy and consensus.
He supports the Taif Agreement, international resolutions, and the ceasefire agreement he personally negotiated and signed on his and on Hezbollah's and Iran's behalf. Yet at the same time, he does not want to abide by its most important provision, which is the dismantling of all Lebanese and non-Lebanese militias and the extension of state authority over all its territories by its own forces... With prior intent and design, he violates every national pact and the constitution, sanctifying Iran's weapon in Lebanon and linking it to the fate of the Shiite community.
He stupidly returns to the heretical tune of "dialogue" and the national (defense) strategy, forgetting that all the dialogue conventions including the one held in 2006 were merely theatrical plays to circumvent the state and its constitution, and not a single one of their clauses was implemented. Here, he acts foolishly, despite knowing that the ceasefire agreement with Israel, which he sponsored, specifies who can bear arms and makes no mention of dialogue or defense strategies.
He talks about the resistance and the liberation of land and people, yet he knows for a fact that this false resistance first fought against him personally and his Amal Movement in the Iqlim al-Tuffah region, where it destroyed his influence and his movement and made him and his Amal Movement mere facades, mouthpieces, and tools in the service of the Iranian occupation, sectarian, and expansionist evil schemes. The number of killed in that "liberation" battle (the Battle of Iqlim al-Tuffah) exceeded 1,200, most of whom were members, supporters and leaders of his movement. He also turns a blind eye to the fact that Hezbollah and all those who claim the lie of resistance did not liberate South Lebanon in 2000, and that Israel decided to withdraw unilaterally in accordance with an international and regional agreement with Israel.
Mr. Berri also contradicts himself regarding the current government in which he and Hezbollah are among its members. They both participated in drafting its statement, and they both elected Joseph Aoun and still support his oath speech... The ministerial statement and the oath speech do not mention "resistance" or "dialogue" at all. We point out here that the Iranian ambassador to Lebanon met with Berri at length yesterday, which indicates that his speech today was inspired by what the ambassador dictated to him... We remind that this military and intelligence ambassador was among those who were hit badly and wounded in Israel's bombing of Hezbollah's pagers. In conclusion, Berri's speech today was an Iranian one par excellence, and it contradicts the ministerial statement, the oath speech, the constitution, the Lebanese-American paper, and violates all international resolutions (1701, 1559, and 1680), the Taif Agreement, and the ceasefire agreement. In the event the Lebanese government falters in its next session and succumbs to Berri's edicts and Hezbollah's pressures and does not set a timetable for the withdrawal and disarmament of Hezbollah, then Israel will be free from any restrictions, and it will continue its war and completely eliminate Hezbollah. It is capable and willing, and what it did in Yemen yesterday and today with Abu Ubaida in Gaza is the best proof of what is unfortunately to come in terms of blood, destruction, and catastrophes as a result of the stupidity, delusions, daydreams, empty bravado, and mental and intellectual deficiency of Berri, Hezbollah, and their patron, Iran... Tomorrow is soon enough for those who watch.

Bolton: Disarming Hezbollah Is Key to Middle East Peace
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
In an article to the Telegraph on Sunday, former US National Security Advisor John Bolton warned that Lebanon faces an existential choice: emerge from decades of war or again fall into civil conflict and terrorist domination. He argued that Israel’s strikes against Iran and its proxies following Hamas’s October 7 attack give Lebanon a chance to return to “normalcy.” Bolton noted that Hezbollah has long ruled Lebanon from the shadows, relying on military force rather than public office, and that its power stems largely from Tehran’s support. “Without Iran, the terror group might never have existed,” he wrote.
Bolton highlighted that Israel’s post-October 7 operations, along with US efforts to dismantle Iran’s nuclear program, have changed the strategic landscape, but Hezbollah still retains significant military capabilities, as do Hamas in Gaza and, to a lesser extent, Shia militias in Iraq and the Houthis in Yemen. In the Telegraph, the former advisor urged Lebanon’s government to finish what Israel started by disarming Hezbollah and forcing it to act as a political party rather than an armed organization. He cited UN Security Council Resolution 1701 of 2006, which aimed to disarm Hezbollah and restrict arms imports to the Lebanese Armed Forces, but ultimately failed due to Iranian and Hezbollah defiance and Western indifference. Bolton emphasized that UNIFIL, the UN peacekeeping mission in Lebanon, is widely seen as ineffective and will conclude in 2026. He called on Western nations to provide direct support to the Lebanese Armed Forces and civilian authorities, and for Lebanon to maintain close cooperation with Israel to secure southern withdrawal and Hezbollah’s disarmament. “Seeing Lebanon reborn with a peaceful, democratic government, free from both Iran and Hezbollah, would be a substantial step toward true Middle Eastern peace,” Bolton concluded. “If Beirut and its international supporters shrink from disarming Hezbollah, we will simply end up where we were on October 7, and that cannot be permitted.”

Barrack reportedly pressing Israel on 'step-for-step' approach
Naharnet/September 01/2025
U.S. envoy Tom Barrack is still pressing Israel to obtain a final answer regarding the so-called step-for-step proposals related to Hezbollah’s disarmament and Israel’s withdrawal from south Lebanon, Lebanese media reports said. “The Lebanese-American contacts are also still ongoing, although in a low-intensity manner,” al-Liwaa newspaper reported on Monday. Speaker Nabih Berri on Wednesday expressed frustration and said Barrack and his fellow U.S. envoy Morgan Ortagus "brought nothing from Israel" and "came with something contrary to what they had promised us."“Things have once again become complicated,” Berri said in an interview with Asharq al-Awsat newspaper. Ortagus said on Tuesday that Lebanese authorities must execute their decision to disarm Hezbollah, adding that Israel would respond in kind to any government steps. Last Monday, Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu offered a phased pullout of troops from Lebanon if Beirut implements its decision to disarm Hezbollah -- part of a November ceasefire agreement brokered by Washington. Ortagus said that Israel was "willing to go step by step, it might be small steps... but they're willing to go step by step with this government."Barrack, who was also part of the visiting delegation, said that when the Israelis see action from Lebanon, "they will give their counterproposal" on troop withdrawal and security arrangements. The Lebanese government's decision to disarm Hezbollah by the end of the year was made under heavy U.S. pressure and amid fears of expanded military action by Israel, which has continued to carry out attacks in Lebanon despite the November ceasefire.
Hezbollah has strongly opposed the Lebanese government’s decisions and said that it will deal with them as if they do not exist.

Aoun, Salam discuss preparations for Friday's key cabinet session

Naharnet/September 01/2025
President Joseph Aoun met Monday with Prime Minister Nawaf Salam and discussed with him the preparations for Friday’s important cabinet session that will tackle the army’s plan for arms monopolization. Salam also briefed Aoun on the outcome of his latest visit to Egypt and his talks with President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and a number of top officials. Deputy Prime Minister Tarek Mitri said Saturday that “Hezbollah, the army and the government have agreed to avoid confrontation.” “The government will not back down from its arms monopoly decision,” Mitri added. The Lebanese government's decision to disarm Hezbollah by the end of the year was made under heavy U.S. pressure and amid fears of expanded military action by Israel, which has continued to carry out attacks in Lebanon despite the November ceasefire. Hezbollah has meanwhile rejected the government’s decisions and said that it will deal with them as if they don’t exist.

Lebanon and Syria to form committees on prisoners, missing persons, and border issues

Associated Press/September 01/2025
Lebanon and Syria will form two committees to decide the fate of the nearly 2,000 Syrian prisoners held in Lebanese jails, locate Lebanese nationals missing in Syria for years and settle the shared unmarked border, judicial and security officials said. Monday's announcement came as a Syrian delegation, which included two former Cabinet ministers and the head of Syria's National Commission for Missing Persons, visited Beirut, a first since insurgent groups overthrew Syrian President Bashar Assad's government in early December. Syria's new administration, under interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa, wants to "open a new page" with Lebanon and pave the way for a visit by the Syrian ministers of foreign affairs and justice, though a date is yet to be set, a Lebanese judicial and two security officials told The Associated Press. The future visit could be a possible breakthrough between the two countries that have had tense relations for decades. The current Syrian leadership resents Lebanon's Iran-backed Hezbollah group for taking part in the country's conflict, fighting alongside Assad's forces, while many Lebanese still grudge Syria's 29-year domination of its smaller neighbor, where it had a military presence for three decades until 2005. Talks on Monday with Lebanon's Deputy Prime Minister Tarek Mitri included Syrians held in Lebanese jails, of which about 800 have been detained for security reasons, such as attacks and shootings, the officials said, speaking on condition of anonymity in line with regulations. Many Syrians held in Lebanon are in jail without trial. They also said the two sides discussed Lebanese citizens missing in Syria and the two countries shared border, where smuggling is common, and the estimated 1.5 million Syrian refugees in Lebanon who escaped the uprising-turned-conflict in their home country over 14 years ago. The Syrian side wanted to review bilateral agreements that were in place during the Assad family's 54-year dynasty, but Lebanon suggested forming new agreements to deal with pending issues between the two nations, the Lebanese officials said.
Since the fall of Assad, two Lebanese prime ministers have visited Syria. Lebanon's President Joseph Aoun and al-Sharaa also held talks on the sidelines of an Arab summit in Egypt in March. The two neighbors had only agreed to open embassies in 2008, marking Syria's first official recognition of Lebanon as an autonomous state since it gained independence from France in 1943.

Abbas Determined to Withdraw All Palestinian Weapons from Lebanon
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said on Monday that his leadership is determined to withdraw all Palestinian weapons from Lebanon, calling the step essential to the country’s security and sovereignty. In an interview with Al-Arabiya, Abbas confirmed that he had reached an understanding with Lebanese President Joseph Aoun on carrying out the withdrawal process. “The removal of weapons from the camps is a prelude to protecting Lebanon,” he said. “We are determined to ensure all Palestinian arms are withdrawn.”
He noted that the debate over disarming Palestinian camps in Lebanon has been ongoing for more than 15 years. “These weapons served their purpose in 1969 and have no role today,” he stressed. The Palestinian leader underscored his support for Lebanon’s institutions, rejecting any role for weapons outside the authority of the state. “I will not be the reason for obstructing the Lebanese state project,” Abbas declared. “I want a normal relationship with Lebanon and for it to maintain its unity and security.”He also emphasized that all Palestinian weapons would be placed under the custody of the Lebanese state, ensuring official oversight.

Le Drian in Beirut to Prepare Lebanon Conferences
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
French presidential envoy and former foreign minister Jean-Yves Le Drian is expected in Beirut within days. He has been tasked by President Emmanuel Macron with following up on Lebanon’s political and economic developments. His mission will center on preparing two international conferences: one aimed at supporting Lebanon’s reconstruction, and another dedicated to strengthening the Lebanese Army. The announcement came on Monday, during a meeting between President Joseph Aoun and French Ambassador Herve Magro, in which they discussed the overall situation in the country.

Jaber says BDL trying to resolve issue of Hezbollah's al-Qard al-Hassan

Naharnet/September 01/2025
Lebanon's Central Bank is trying to address the issue of Hezbollah-affiliated Al-Qard Al-Hasan financial institution, Finance Minister Yassin Jaber told Saudi news interactive channel al-Hadath. In July, the Central Bank prohibited all licensed financial institutions in Lebanon from dealing directly or indirectly with unlicensed entities and listed Al-Qard Al-Hassan as an example. The bank had issued similar circulars in the past but this was the first time it mentioned Al-Qard Al-Hassan by name. The U.S. Department of the Treasury imposed sanctions on Al-Qard Al-Hasan in 2007, saying Hezbollah used it as a cover to manage "financial activities and gain access to the international financial system."Al-Qard Al-Hassan, founded in 1983, describes itself as a charitable organization that provides loans to people according to Islamic principles that forbid interest. Israel struck some of its branches during its war with Hezbollah last year. Operating as a not-for-profit organization under a licence granted by the Lebanese government, it has more than 30 branches, mostly in predominantly Shiite Muslim areas of Beirut, southern Lebanon and the Bekaa Valley. A Lebanese official said the central bank move had been in the works for months, and reflected U.S. pressure on Lebanon to take action against Hezbollah's financial wing. Nassib Ghobril, chief economist at Byblos Bank, said Lebanese banks were already careful to avoid dealing with Al-Qard Al-Hasan because it is under U.S. sanctions.

Shiite ministers to attend cabinet session on arms monopoly, report says
Naharnet/September 01/2025
Diplomatic efforts to cool political tensions are ongoing, ahead of a Cabinet session that will discuss Friday a plan prepared by the army to implement the state's monopoly on arms, Asharq al-Awsat newspaper said Monday. The daily quoted a minister as saying that Amal and Hezbollah's ministers will attend Friday's session, securing a "full quorum", and that Hezbollah has no intention to boycott it and call for street protests on Friday. He added that President Joseph Aoun is in direct and indirect talks with Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, and Hezbollah's leadership in an attempt to ease the tensions ahead of the thorny session. According to the minister, the Lebanese government is committed to the state's monopoly on arms, which enjoys broad Lebanese, Arab, and international support and will not be "lured into an Israeli political trap" to drag Lebanon into clashing with the international community.

LF MP says arms monopoly issue 'leaning to positivity'

Naharnet/September 01/2025
MP Melhem Riachi of the Lebanese Forces has said that “the positive point in Speaker Nabih Berri’s speech (on Sunday) was his talk about a Shiite desire for resolving the issue of arms.”“The president and the prime minister must capitalize on this development,” Riachi said in an interview with Radio Free Lebanon. “The course in the issue of arms monopolization is leaning toward positivity and the national security strategy will become in the Swiss fashion, which means every citizen is a soldier in the national army,” Riachi added. He noted that “Lebanon’s strength is not in marrying the two forces -- the army and the resistance -- but rather Lebanon’s strength is in its army.” As for the Lebanese Army’s plan for disarming Hezbollah and the other armed groups, Riachi said the plan will have “a practical and dialogue-based nature, not a conflict-based nature.”“It will take time, but what’s important is that it starts,” the MP added. “The situation is in crisis in shape, but in reality it is under control,” Riachi went on to say, suggesting that “Lebanon is the only country in the region that is not facing an existential threat.”He added that “the Lebanese Forces enjoys endless bravery and this bravery reaches the extent of rejecting civil war in an entire manner.”

Raggi: State Monopoly on Arms Is a “Historic Step” Toward Sovereignty
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Lebanon has reaffirmed its determination to strengthen ties with Gulf states and fully restore national sovereignty, Foreign Minister Youssef Raggi said in an interview published Monday by the Emirati daily Al-Ittihad. He highlighted the government’s recent decision to grant the state exclusive control over weapons, describing it as a “historic step” long overdue since the Taif Agreement 35 years ago. He described the move as the foundation for building a state of law and sovereignty that exclusively holds the power to decide on war and peace, noting that “the Lebanese have waited too long for the state to reassert its full authority.”In his interview with Al-Ittihad, Raggi reiterated that the international community has tied any financial support for Lebanon to two key conditions: implementing economic reforms to combat corruption and waste, and ensuring that weapons are solely in the hands of the state. “No funds or investments will flow into the country before these conditions are met,” he emphasized. On border disputes, Raggi said that Lebanon’s boundaries with Israel – set since the 1948 truce – must be reinforced through indirect negotiations under UN or US mediation. He pointed to Israel’s withdrawal from five disputed points in the south and the release of Lebanese prisoners as prerequisites for progress. Regarding the Syrian border, he described the issue as “technical,” requiring bilateral committees and the involvement of Syria’s new administration. He also criticized past Lebanese governments for damaging relations with Arab states due to their alignment with certain internal factions that adopted hostile positions. He said the current government has restored balance, but stressed that Arab investment in Lebanon depends both on political stability and on legal and judicial guarantees to protect investors’ capital. He also stated that the government’s greatest challenge is to prove its ability to impose the rule of law across all Lebanese territory. Achieving this, he said, would mark a turning point in Lebanon’s future and contribute not only to domestic stability but also to regional security.

UNESCO Chief to Visit Beirut for Cultural and Urban Projects
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
UNESCO announced on Monday that Director-General Audrey Azoulay will visit Beirut on September 3 and 4 to review the organization’s work in Lebanon and unveil new initiatives for cultural and urban rehabilitation. Over the past five years, UNESCO has mobilized over $45 million, leading one of its largest urban recovery operations in the capital. During her visit, Azoulay will tour the Sursock Museum and Sursock Palace, lay the foundation for the redevelopment of the old Mar Mikhael railway station into a cultural hub and announce a project to revive the Grand Theatre of Beirut. She will also reveal Lebanese NGOs selected for UNESCO grants supporting cultural and creative industries in Tyre and Baalbeck. Since the 2020 Beirut port blast, UNESCO has helped rehabilitate 280 schools, provided emergency education and psychosocial support to over one million students and safeguarded Lebanon’s cultural heritage through digitization and rehabilitation efforts.

Salloum Warns of Threat from Expired Medicines
This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Expired medications piled up in pharmacies pose a significant threat to patient safety. This is what Dr. Joe Salloum, head of the Lebanese Pharmacists’ Syndicate, expressed, calling on the Ministries of Health and Environment to ensure that expired drugs are collected and destroyed outside Lebanon. He stressed that the risk they present is comparable to that of counterfeit medicines. In a statement on Monday, he explained: “Expired medication is no less dangerous than counterfeit medicine. Some companies and manufacturers refuse to fully retrieve and destroy expired stock abroad, which results in pharmacies being flooded with expired drugs. Since pharmacies are prohibited from disposing of them locally due to environmental and public safety concerns, this situation turns pharmacies into a ticking time bomb that endangers patients’ lives.”Salloum urged companies and manufacturers, especially those still reluctant, to comply with Article 53 of the Pharmacy Practice Law, which requires the retrieval of all expired medications to protect patients’ lives and their removal from Lebanon for proper disposal.

850,000 Syrian refugees have returned home since Assad's fall, UN says
Associated Press/September 01/2025
Since the fall of Bashar Assad's government in December, some 850,000 Syrian refugees have returned home from neighboring countries and the figure could reach 1 million in the coming weeks, a top official with the U.N. refugee agency said Monday. Deputy High Commissioner of UNHCR Kelly T. Clements told The Associated Press in Damascus that about 1.7 million people who were internally displaced during the 14-year-old conflict have returned to their communities as the interim central government now controls large parts of Syria. "It's a dynamic period. It's an opportunity where we could see potentially solutions for the largest global displacements that we have seen in the last 14 years," said Clements, who has been in Syria for three days. Syria's conflict that began in March 2011 has killed nearly half a million people and displaced half the country's pre-war population of 23 million. More than five million Syrians fled the country as refugees, most of them to neighboring countries. Clements said everybody has a different reason for coming back now, while some are delaying and waiting to see how things go. As part of her visit, she went to a border crossing with Lebanon where she said she saw long lines of trucks and people waiting to head back to Syria. Lebanese authorities had given an exemption to Syrians staying illegally in the country if they left by the end of August. Lebanon has the highest number of refugees per capita in the world, and in the past few days, thousands of Syrians headed back over the border. "Returns numbers are exceptionally high," Clements said. Many Syrians had high hopes after Assad was brought down in an offensive by insurgent groups in early December. However, sectarian killings against members of Assad's Alawite minority sect in Syria's coastal region in March and against the Druze minority in the southern province of Sweida in July claimed hundreds of lives. Clements said that about 190,000 people were displaced in southern Syria as a result of the fighting in July between pro-government gunmen and Druze fighters. Since then, 21 convoy of relief supplies, of which UNHCR has been an important part, were sent to Sweida, she added. She said the Damascus-Sweida highway, blocked for weeks by pro-government gunmen, is now open, "which is very important because that will allow much more relief to come into the area."

Neemat Aoun Says Rebuilding Lebanon Will Require Time

This is Beirut/September 01/2025
First Lady Neemat Aoun said on Monday that the country must be given time to recover from collapse. She outlined plans for social projects, including a ban on child marriage and improvements to prison conditions. “The State was collapsed, and we need time to rebuild it,” Aoun said in her first televised interview with MTV Lebanon. “That is why I always say we must give time to time. We are working on a patriotism project that will be launched in October.”Aoun revealed that her team is drafting a project to prohibit marriage under the age of 18, describing child marriage and so-called “honor crimes” as forms of physical and psychological violence. She stressed that only the judiciary has the authority to issue verdicts, warning against any form of extrajudicial judgment. The First Lady also pointed to the prisons' situation as a priority. She said efforts are under way to rehabilitate existing facilities “within the possible means” and to establish prisons that allow mothers to remain with their children. Aoun urged Lebanese families to look to the Lebanese Army as a model of discipline and unity within the household. While noting that she holds no legislative or executive authority, she underscored that she has “a voice” and intends to use it.Aoun also spoke of her personal faith, recalling her devotion to Saint Charbel, and expressed solidarity with those displaced or who lost their homes, saying she has lived through the same hardship.

Disarming Militias: Time for Lebanon to Assert a Firm Stance?
Élie-Joe Kamel/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Lebanon is entering a critical week as the Cabinet prepares to meet on Friday, September 5. During the session, the army’s plan to disarm militias – most notably Hezbollah – is expected to be presented. The meeting comes amid mounting pressure from Israel and the United States, deep internal divisions and a so-called “consensus” initiative spearheaded by Speaker of Parliament Nabih Berri.
A High-Stakes Deadline
Since the Lebanese government adopted, on August 5, the principle of state monopoly over weapons, and two days later committed to the 11 objectives of the US roadmap for Lebanon, the country has entered uncharted territory. The roadmap aims to establish a lasting ceasefire with Israel and to strengthen state authority across the entire territory, notably through the disarmament of all armed groups. However, the staunch opposition of the Amal-Hezbollah tandem poses a major challenge to a state that remains determined to assert its authority nationwide. Two Possible Scenarios: Between Compromise and Breakdown
According to sources cited by ad-Diyar, two outcomes are possible on Friday. The army’s plan could be presented during the session and formally approved, but its implementation might be delayed, pending a reciprocal move from Israel, in line with the give-and-take principle outlined in the US roadmap. Such a move could involve a halt to hostilities or the withdrawal from certain positions within Lebanon.
However, Amal and Hezbollah highlight the ongoing airstrikes over Lebanon and Israel’s continued presence at five border points, using these factors to justify maintaining the pro-Iranian group’s arsenal. This point was emphasized by the Speaker of Parliament in his Sunday address as Israel stepped up its strikes in southern Lebanon, particularly around Nabatiyeh, in what is seen as the most violent escalation since November 2024. The Amal-Hezbollah duo widely interpret these attacks as a categorical Israeli rejection of the reciprocal approach proposed by the Americans. According to the Shia tandem, Tel Aviv insists on the complete, preemptive disarmament of Hezbollah before making any concessions, without offering concrete guarantees in return. By endorsing the disarmament plan without launching its implementation, the government preserves its unity, avoiding the resignation of ministers from the Hezbollah-Amal bloc. The second scenario would involve a formal vote and adoption of the plan, even if the Shia ministers were to resign from the government. This outcome would give the army a clear mandate to begin executing its plan but would expose the country to potential unrest, as warned by Hezbollah leader Naim Qassem.
Berri’s Consensus Initiative
To defuse tensions, Berri has suggested an initiative, revealed by al-Modon, aimed at preserving what he describes as the political balance while avoiding a direct confrontation.
Under the proposal, all ministers would attend the session, including the Shia ministers, but no vote would take place. The army would present its plan, highlight progress made in demilitarizing the area south of the Litani River, outline the remaining steps and provide an indicative schedule without fixed dates. The initiative would also include a series of requests: funding, logistical support, equipment, technical assistance and access to intelligence, while stressing the need for Hezbollah’s cooperation. The government would “take note” of the plan without formally adopting it or approving the schedule, while reaffirming its commitment to restoring Lebanese sovereignty – a step that would require Israel’s withdrawal from the five border points and a halt to the raids.
‘Dialogue: A Thinly Veiled Refusal’
Contacted by This is Beirut, Charles Jabbour, head of communications for the Lebanese Forces (LF), stressed the uncertainty surrounding the session, noting that the LF reject the dialogue put forward by Speaker Berri on the weapons issue. According to him, Hezbollah demands an explicit reversal of the government’s decision, while Berri’s refusal is “masked by the call for dialogue, which in reality aims to undermine the government’s decision.”
Since 2006, when the issue of Hezbollah’s weapons first became pressing, the tandem has pursued a forward-looking strategy, advocating a vague dialogue on a national defense strategy – without achieving any breakthroughs. Jabbour believes the government will not give in, stating that “accepting the dialogue would mean acknowledging the failure of its efforts.” “The government will not reverse its decision,” he adds.
Regarding the timing, procedures and details of any disarmament, Jabbour emphasizes that these will be clarified over time, adding that “the army has become the only force capable of preserving Lebanese sovereignty.” He also insists that Hezbollah “is no longer in a position to stage another May 7.” On May 7, 2008, Hezbollah took control of parts of Beirut and the surrounding mountains in response to the Siniora government’s decision to dismantle its illegal telecommunications networks and dismiss the head of security at Beirut’s airport, who reported to the pro-Iranian group. The crisis ended with the Doha Agreement, which restored a national unity government and granted Hezbollah an enhanced political role through the “blocking third,” giving it effective veto power over key decisions.
Meanwhile, journalist and political analyst Ali Hamadé argues that even if the army’s plan is approved by a simple majority, the resignation of the Shia ministers would undermine the political legitimacy of the decision, leading to a deadlock.
He compares Berri’s current call for dialogue to his 2006 initiative, which resulted in prolonged political paralysis. He adds, “The goal of the Shia tandem is to bury the current momentum to reclaim sovereignty, putting it off indefinitely.”
The September 5 session could signal an attempt at de-escalation. The government might project a façade of unity, the army could unveil its plan, while Hezbollah would slow its implementation without triggering a direct confrontation. Still, Lebanon could face the risk of an even more intense Israeli operation.
Alternatively, the session could mark a new turning point. The outcome remains uncertain.

UNIFIL Exit: Organizing the Withdrawal of 10,000 Peacekeepers from Southern Lebanon
Soumia Benmerzoug/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
The UN Security Council has decided that the UNIFIL mandate in southern Lebanon will end on December 31, 2026. By 2027, nearly 10,000 peacekeepers are expected to withdraw after almost 50 years of continuous presence – a complex logistical and military challenge. Retired Lebanese General Khalil Helou outlines the key stages of this operation. On August 28, the UN Security Council voted to end the mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) on December 31, 2026. After nearly half a century of presence in southern Lebanon, the 10,000 peacekeepers will be required to withdraw in 2027. The operation will be complex – logistically, militarily and diplomatically. How will the withdrawal unfold? Retired Lebanese General Khalil Helou makes the principle clear: the plan will be carried out “in reverse.” “By midnight on December 31, 2026, Lebanese territory must be fully vacated by UNIFIL,” he explains. Each stage of the withdrawal will be organized backward from the final date. On December 30, the Naqoura headquarters will be handed over to the Lebanese army; on December 29, UNIFIL’s command staff will withdraw, and so on. The entire operation will be conducted under the mission’s command, in close coordination with the Lebanese army and under the supervision of the UN Security Council.
The withdrawal will not be as simple as a few hundred soldiers leaving each month. “The command staff will be the last to depart, as they are responsible for coordinating all operations. Logically, the northern contingents will leave first, followed by those in the central sector and finally those in the south along the Blue Line,” the general explains. Each national contingent will negotiate its precise departure schedule with the UN. The issue of heavy equipment should not be overstated, Helou adds. “UNIFIL is not threatened, neither by Israel nor by Hezbollah, as long as the withdrawal follows established procedures,” he emphasizes. Armored vehicles, trucks and other equipment will be evacuated via Beirut International Airport and, primarily, the capital’s port, which can accommodate large ships. Some equipment may even be transferred to the Lebanese army, as has already been done.
Regarding the bases, there are two possible options. “If the Lebanese army chooses to take control of them, they will be handed over intact – only the flags will need to be replaced. If not, they will be dismantled to ensure they do not fall into the wrong hands,” the retired officer explains.
The risk of incidents during the convoys is minimal. “But if any fire occurs, UNIFIL has the right to defend itself, and Lebanese army escorts are expected to respond,” he notes. Coordination with Israel will be crucial through regular tripartite meetings in Naqoura, which will continue to be held to prevent any misunderstandings between the armies during the withdrawal. On the ground, monitoring of the southern border will be carried out by Lebanese army patrols. Technological tools, such as drones or observation balloons, could be deployed, but would require prior coordination with Israel. The UN still maintains a small team of observers who have been present since 1949, and they could continue their role – but their mission is purely observational, without any security responsibilities. The departure of UNIFIL will not create a security vacuum in the villages of the South. “UNIFIL has never had a law enforcement role; that responsibility has always belonged to the Lebanese army and internal security forces,” the retired officer notes. The checkpoints and markers along the Blue Line can be maintained easily by the Lebanese army. Remaining border disputes with Israel cover only a very small area, less than half a square kilometer. This sets the stage for a major withdrawal that will require close coordination between the UN, the Lebanese army and regional stakeholders. “Ten thousand soldiers could be withdrawn in a matter of days or over several weeks – it will all depend on the pace decided,” General Helou concludes. One thing is clear: by midnight on December 31, 2026, UNIFIL will have closed its chapter in southern Lebanon.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on September 01-02/2025
Israel sends tanks deeper in Gaza City, more families flee
Reuters/September 01, 2025
CAIRO: Israel pushed tanks deeper into Gaza City and detonated explosives-laden vehicles in one suburb as airstrikes killed at least 19 people on Monday, Palestinian officials and witnesses said. Reports of the offensive came as the president of the world’s leading genocide scholars’ association said it had passed a resolution saying the legal criteria have been met to establish that Israel is committing genocide in Gaza. There was no immediate response from Israel on the reported offensive or on the statement from the International Association of Genocide Scholars. Israel has in the past strongly denied that its actions in Gaza amount to genocide. The Israeli military said its forces were continuing to fight Hamas across the enclave and over the past day had struck several military structures and outposts that had been used to stage attacks on its troops. Residents said Israeli forces sent old armored vehicles into the eastern parts of the overcrowded Sheikh Radwan neighborhood, then blew them up remotely, destroying several houses and forcing more families to flee. Israel is pushing ahead with a plan to take full control of the whole Gaza Strip, starting with Gaza City, with the goal of destroying Hamas after nearly two years of war.
In leaflets dropped over Gaza City, its military told residents to head south immediately, saying the army intended to expand its offensive westward of the city. “People are confused, stay and die, or leave toward nowhere,” Sheikh Radwan resident Mohammad Abu Abdallah told Reuters. “It was a night of horror, explosions never stopped, and the drones never stopped hovering over the area. Many people quit their homes fearing for their lives, while others have no idea where to go,” the 55-year-old said over a chat app.
SECURITY CABINET CONVENED
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu convened his security cabinet late on Sunday to discuss a new offensive to seize Gaza City, which he has described as the bastion of Palestinian militant group Hamas. Local health authorities said the 14 people, including women and children, were killed in Israeli airstrikes on houses in Gaza City as tanks briefly crossed into Sheikh Radwan. The Israeli military had no immediate comment on those reports. A full-scale offensive is not expected to start for weeks. Israel says it wants to evacuate the civilian population before moving more ground forces in. Israel’s military has warned its political leaders that the planned Gaza City offensive could endanger hostages still being held by Hamas. Protests in Israel calling for an end to the war and the release of the hostages have intensified in past weeks. The war began with a Hamas-led attack on southern Israel on October 7, 2023, in which around 1,200 people were killed, mostly civilians, and 251 taken hostage. Twenty of the remaining 48 hostages are believed to still be alive. Israel’s military campaign in Gaza has killed more than 63,000 people, mostly civilians, according to Gaza health officials, and it has plunged the enclave into a humanitarian crisis and left much of it in ruins.Ceasefire talks ended in July in deadlock and efforts to revive them have so far failed.

Gaza journalists fear they could be targeted next amid Israeli smear campaign
Arab News/September 01, 2025
LONDON: Journalists in Gaza say fears are mounting that they could be the next targets of Israeli strikes following a smear campaign that links media workers to Hamas. Several journalists, primarily from Al Jazeera, have reported threats against them on Israeli media and say some have been identified as targets in military statements, prompting some to request anonymity for their safety. Media watchdogs, including the Committee to Protect Journalists, warn that this Israeli tactic of labeling journalists as Hamas affiliates is designed to “manufacture consent” and justify deadly attacks on the press. “By labelling journalists and media workers as Hamas operatives, it aimed to legitimize their murder. This is not only dangerous, it is a war crime unleashed through information warfare,” said Sara Qudah, CPJ’s Middle East and north Africa regional director. Such accusations, often linked to critical reporting on Israeli military operations, reflect a broader pattern to reportedly justify strikes on the press. “If Israel can kill its most visible reporters without consequence, it signals that no journalist or their family is safe. This sustained targeting of the press is a grave threat to press freedom. The world must act to stop this massacre.”
CPJ, Reporters Without Borders, and Al Jazeera have all expressed deep concern for journalists in Gaza who face unfounded allegations and are at imminent risk. The warnings come amid a deadly month for the media; nearly a dozen journalists have been killed in August alone, including Al Jazeera correspondent Anas Al-Sharif and Mariam Dagga of Independent Arabia. Other victims include Moamen Aliwa, Mohammed Qreiqeh, Mohammed Noufal, Ibrahim Zaher, Mohammed Al-Khaldi, Hossam Al-Masri, Mohammad Salama, Moaz Abu Taha and Ahmed Abu Aziz, all killed in Israeli strikes.
Rights groups say the Israeli military justified the killing of Al-Sharif and others by claiming they were Hamas operatives involved in the Oct. 7 attacks — claims widely dismissed by rights bodies and the international community as “fabricated evidence.”
A similar justification was offered in the strike on Nasser Medical Complex on Aug. 25, where Israel alleged militants used a camera to monitor Israeli forces, leading to further journalist and medic deaths in what was confirmed to be a “double tap” strike, a controversial military tactic designed to maximize casualties. Israeli media outlet +972 reported the existence of a military “legitimization cell” tasked with portraying Gaza journalists as Hamas militants in an effort to “blunt growing global outrage over Israel’s killing of reporters,” a tactic journalists describe as an attempt to silence the only voices left in Gaza. One Al Jazeera journalist, Ismail Al-Ghoul — who was killed in an Israeli military claimed targeted killing in July 2024, along with his cameraman, Rami Al-Rifi — was named in military documents as a Hamas operative, although documents cited as evidence were shown to contain inconsistencies, including the fact that he allegedly received military ranks when he was just 10 years old. At least six Al Jazeera journalists have been targeted using this tactic; two — Al-Sharif and Hossam Shabat — have been killed, and another, Ismail Abu Omar, was critically wounded and evacuated from Gaza earlier this year. Three remain under threat, while others report ongoing social media campaigns against them. “They are not allowing international journalists in and then are defaming local journalists and justifying ongoing assassinations,” said Tamer Almisshal, a senior presenter at Al Jazeera in Doha who has reported from Gaza for years and faced threats himself. “What we are saying is very clear: They are trying to kill the only voices and eyes left in Gaza, and they are scaring the others not to work. They give the journalist one choice: If you work, you will be targeted.”Watchdogs including CPJ, Amnesty International and the UN rapporteur on freedom of expression have warned that this pattern of falsely accusing journalists to justify deadly strikes is escalating. The Israeli military declined to comment, rejecting accusations of war crimes, but several cases are being reviewed at the International Criminal Court, including the strike that killed Al-Sharif and his colleagues. In November 2024, the International Court of Justice issued arrest warrants for Israeli officials Benjamin Netanyahu and former defense minister Yoav Gallant as well as former Hamas commanders, citing allegations of war crimes and crimes against humanity. One journalist in Gaza said: “We live in a state of constant anxiety and real fear that we might be next.” They added that the targeting of journalists is no longer just exceptional but “a dangerous reality that threatens our lives and targets our message.”“We call on the international community and journalist protection organizations to take urgent action to provide us with protection, hold those responsible for these crimes accountable, and guarantee our right to work freely and safely in accordance with international conventions,” the reporter said.

Israel is committing genocide in Gaza, scholars’ association says
Reuters/September 01, 2025
THE HAGUE: The world’s leading genocide scholars’ association has passed a resolution saying that the legal criteria have been met to establish Israel is committing genocide in Gaza, its president said on Monday. Eighty-six percent of those who voted among the 500-member International Association of Genocide Scholars backed the resolution declaring: “Israel’s policies and actions in Gaza meet the legal definition of genocide in Article II of the United Nations Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948).”There was no immediate response from the Israeli foreign ministry. Israel has in the past strongly denied that its actions in Gaza amount to genocide and says they are justified as self defense. It is fighting a case at the International Court of Justice in the Hague that accuses it of genocide. Israel launched its assault on the Gaza Strip in October, 2023, after fighters from Hamas, the Palestinian militant group in control of the territory, attacked Israeli communities, killing 1,200 people and capturing more than 250 hostages. Since then, Israel’s military action has killed 63,000 people, damaged or destroyed most buildings in the territory and forced nearly all its residents to flee their homes at least once. A global hunger monitor relied on by the United Nations says parts of the territory are now suffering a man-made famine, which Israel also denies. In Gaza, Hamas welcomed the resolution: “This prestigious scholarly stance reinforces the documented evidence and facts presented before international courts,” said Ismail Al-Thawabta, director of the Hamas-run Gaza government media office. The resolution “places a legal and moral obligation on the international community to take urgent action to stop the crime, protect civilians, and hold the leaders of the occupation accountable,” he said. Since its founding in 1994, the genocide scholars’ association has passed nine resolutions recognizing historic or ongoing episodes as genocides. The 1948 UN Genocide Convention, adopted in the wake of the mass murder of Jews by Nazi Germany, defines genocide as crimes committed “with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such.”It requires all countries to act to prevent and stop genocide. Criminal acts comprising genocide include killing members of the group, causing them serious bodily or mental harm, creating conditions calculated to destroy them, preventing births, or forcibly transferring children to other groups. The three-page resolution adopted by the scholars calls on Israel to “immediately cease all acts that constitute genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity against Palestinians in Gaza, including deliberate attacks against and killing of civilians including children; starvation; deprivation of humanitarian aid, water, fuel, and other items essential to the survival of the population; sexual and reproductive violence; and forced displacement of the population.”The resolution also states that the Hamas attack on Israel which precipitated the war constituted international crimes. “This is a definitive statement from experts in the field of genocide studies that what is going on on the ground in Gaza is genocide,” the association’s president, Melanie O’Brien, a professor of international law at the University of Western Australia who specializes in genocide, told Reuters. Sergey Vasiliev, a professor of international law at the Open University in the Netherlands who is not a member of the association, told Reuters the resolution showed that “this legal assessment has become mainstream within academia, particularly in the field of genocide studies.”Several international rights groups and some Israeli NGOs have already accused Israel of committing genocide. Last week hundreds of UN staff at the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk wrote to ask him to explicitly describe the Gaza war as an unfolding genocide, according to a letter reviewed by Reuters.

Gaza aid flotilla departs Barcelona again: AFP journalists

AFP/September 01, 2025
BARCELONA: A Gaza-bound flotilla carrying humanitarian aid and pro-Palestinian activists including environmental campaigner Greta Thunberg departed Barcelona again on Monday, several hours after winds forced it to return to the Spanish port, according to AFP journalists at the scene. Around 20 vessels left the Spanish city on Sunday aiming to “open a humanitarian corridor and end the ongoing genocide of the Palestinian people” amid the Israel-Hamas war, said the Global Sumud Flotilla — sumud being the Arabic term for “resilience.”But “due to unsafe weather conditions,” the flotilla returned to port “to allow the storm to pass,” the organization said in an earlier statement, without specifying when exactly the boats returned to Barcelona. “We made this decision to prioritize the safety and well-being of all participants and to safeguard the success of our mission,” it added, citing gusts that exceeded 55 kilometers (34 miles) per hour. Organizers said they were especially concerned about the risk the weather posed to the smaller boats. Spain’s national weather agency AEMET had issued warnings of rainfall and strong storms for the northeastern region of Catalonia which includes Barcelona.
The activists from dozens of countries included Thunberg, Irish actor Liam Cunningham and Spain’s Eduard Fernandez, as well as European lawmakers and public figures, including former Barcelona mayor Ada Colau. The flotilla is expected to arrive in Gaza in mid-September and comes after Israel blocked two activist attempts to deliver aid to the devastated Palestinian territory by ship in June and July. The United Nations has declared a famine in Gaza, warning that 500,000 people face “catastrophic” conditions. The war was triggered by an unprecedented cross-border attack on Israel by Palestinian militant group Hamas on October 7, 2023, which resulted in the death of 1,219 people, mainly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official data. Palestinian militants also seized 251 hostages, with 47 still held in Gaza, including 25 the Israeli army says are dead. Israel’s retaliatory offensive has killed at least 63,459 Palestinians, mostly civilians, according to figures from Gaza’s Hamas-run health ministry which the UN considers reliable.

UK ‘outraged’ at Israel restricting aid as it works to evacuate children from Gaza for treatment
AP/September 01, 2025
LONDON: British officials are working to get critically sick and injured children out of Gaza so they can receive specialist treatment in UK hospitals, the British foreign secretary said Monday, adding that the first patients will arrive in coming weeks. David Lammy said he was “outraged” by Israel not allowing enough aid to enter Gaza as he announced 15 million pounds ($20 million) more for medical assistance for Gaza and the region. “This is not a natural disaster, it’s a manmade famine in the 21st century,” he said. “I’m outraged by the Israeli government’s refusal to allow in sufficient aid.”“We all know there is only one way out — an immediate ceasefire,” Lammy added. He told lawmakers that British officials are also supporting students from Gaza who have been granted scholarships at UK universities so that they can start their studies in the fall. Lammy said a “massive humanitarian response” was needed to prevent more Palestinians from dying and starving after the world’s leading authority on food crises said in late August that the Gaza Strip’s largest city is in the grips of famine. He did not give specifics about the number of sick children or scholars that Britain is accepting from Gaza. But Home Secretary Yvette Cooper told Parliament on Monday that officials are expediting visas for those Palestinians, as well as their accompanying family members. British media have reported that officials are facilitating the evacuation of nine students in Gaza who were awarded Chevening scholarships, funded by Britain’s Foreign Office, but that dozens of other Palestinian students who have offers to study in the UK were still in limbo. Officials have said they will not give specifics on the evacuation process because the situation was sensitive and complex. Other European nations including Italy have also evacuated students and sick children from Gaza.The UK funds field hospital operations in Gaza through a charity and works with the World Health Organization in Egypt to help treat some of the 8,000 people from Gaza who have been medically evacuated there.

King Abdullah, French President Emmanuel Macron discuss Gaza, Syria, Lebanon
Arab News/September 01, 2025
AMMAN: Jordan’s King Abdullah II spoke on the phone to French President Emmanuel Macron on Monday to discuss developments in Gaza, the West Bank, and broader regional issues. The Royal Court said the king stressed the urgent need for intensified international efforts to halt the war in Gaza and guarantee the uninterrupted delivery of humanitarian aid across the enclave, the Jordan News Agency reported. He reiterated Jordan’s firm rejection of Israeli plans to consolidate the occupation of Gaza, expand military control there, and its continued settlement expansion in the West Bank. King Abdullah stressed Jordan’s commitment to supporting the Palestinians in securing their legitimate rights and establishing an independent state based on the two-state solution. He welcomed France’s declared intention to recognize the Palestinian state later this month and commended its diplomatic and humanitarian efforts to achieve peace in the region. The two leaders also focused on the importance of supporting Syria and Lebanon in safeguarding their security, stability, and territorial integrity, Petra added.

Yemen’s Houthis launch missile that lands near oil tanker in Red Sea

Updated 01 September 2025
AP/September 01, 2025
DUBAI: Yemen’s Houthi militants said Monday they launched a missile at an oil tanker off the coast of Saudi Arabia in the Red Sea, potentially renewing their attacks targeting shipping through the crucial global waterway. Houthi military spokesman Brig. Gen. Yahya Saree claimed responsibility for the launch in a prerecorded message aired on Al-Masirah, a Houthi-controlled satellite news channel. He alleged the vessel, the Liberian-flagged Scarlet Ray, had ties to Israel. The ship’s owners, Singapore-based Eastern Pacific Shipping, could not be immediately reached. However, the maritime security firm Ambrey described the ship as fitting the Houthis’ “target profile, as the vessel is publicly Israeli owned.”Eastern Pacific is a company that is ultimately controlled by Israeli billionaire Idan Ofer. Eastern Pacific previously has been targeted in suspected Iranian attacks.
The British military’s United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations center, which monitors Mideast shipping, earlier reported a ship heard a splash and a bang off its side near Yanbu, Saudi Arabia. From November 2023 to December 2024, the Houthis targeted more than 100 ships with missiles and drones over the Israel-Hamas war in the Gaza Strip. In their campaign so far, the Houthis have sank four vessels and killed at least eight mariners. The Iranian-backed Houthis stopped their attacks during a brief ceasefire in the war. They later became the target of an intense weekslong campaign of airstrikes ordered by US President Donald Trump before he declared a ceasefire had been reached with the rebels. The Houthis sank two vessels in July, killing at least four on board with others believed to be held by the rebels. The Houthis’ new attacks come as a new possible ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas war remains in the balance. Meanwhile, the future of talks between the US and Iran over Tehran’s battered nuclear program is in question after Israel launched a 12-day war against the Islamic Republic in which the Americans bomb three Iranian atomic sites.Israel just launched a series of airstrikes last week, killing the Houthis’ prime minister and several Cabinet members. The Houthis’ attack on the ship appears to be their response, as well as their raids on the offices of the United Nations’ food, health and children’s agencies in Yemen’s capital Sunday in which at least 11 UN employees detained.

Yemen's Houthis say they Targeted Red Sea Ship with Missile
This is Beirut/ AFP/September 01, 2025
Yemen's Houthis on Monday said they had fired a missile at a tanker in the Red Sea, days after their prime minister was killed in an Israeli attack. The Iran-backed Houthis , who sank two tankers in July, said they targeted the Liberian-flagged Scarlet Ray, claiming a direct hit.
The UK Maritime Trade Operations, which monitors the region, said on Sunday that the attack missed its target. The ship is Israeli-owned, according to maritime security company Ambrey.

Yemen's Houthis Hold Funeral for PM Killed in Israeli Strike
This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Yemen's Houthis held a funeral on Monday for their prime minister and 11 other senior officials killed in an Israeli air strike that penetrated the Iran-backed group. Twelve coffins draped in flags were displayed at Sanaa's Al-Shaab mosque, as masked gunmen patrolled the area and thousands of mourners flooded in. Houthi prime minister Ahmed Ghaleb Nasser al-Rahawi, nine ministers and two cabinet officials were killed as they attended a government meeting in the Sanaa area on Thursday. It was the highest profile assassination to be announced in months of attacks by Israel during the Gaza war. The United States also waged an intense bombing campaign against Houthi targets from March to May this year. On Sunday, the Houthis detained at least 11 United Nations workers as part of a round-up, prompting a protest from UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. A Yemeni security source told AFP on Saturday that Houthi authorities had arrested dozens of people in Sanaa and other areas "on suspicion of collaborating with Israel". The Houthis also fired a missile at an Israeli tanker in the Red Sea on Sunday, reprising a campaign they have waged throughout the Gaza war. The missile landed close to the Liberian-flagged Scarlet Ray with a "loud bang", the UK Maritime Trade Operations monitoring agency said.
'Bad day' for Houthis
The Houthis, part of Iran's "axis of resistance" of anti-Israeli groups, vowed to step up their attacks on Israel following Thursday's killings. They have been firing missiles and drones at Israel and shipping in the Red Sea, a major cargo route, throughout the Gaza war, claiming solidarity with the Palestinians. Last week's Israeli strike wiped out about half of the 22-strong Houthi cabinet, which plays a mainly administrative role. Rahawi, the late prime minister, was from the southern province of Abyan, which is not part of the large swathes of Yemen under Houthi control. The Houthis, who hail from divided Yemen's rugged north, have traditionally reserved the premiership for southerners in an attempt to win hearts and minds. US-based Yemen analyst Mohammed Al Basha said Thursday's strike may signal an Israeli shift towards targeted killings, an approach that gutted the leadership of Gaza rulers Hamas and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The attack could mark "the beginning of a campaign of targeted assassinations against both civilian and military Huthi leadership, even at informal gatherings", he posted on X, calling it a "bad day" for the group.

Iran and the Sanctions’ Reinstatement: From Balance to Isolation
Paul Guillot/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Three months after the “twelve-day war” with Israel, Iran is struggling to keep its economy afloat under severe US sanctions. With mounting military pressure, the return of European sanctions and the continuing collapse of its currency, the Islamic Republic has never been more vulnerable.
Fragile Growth
Despite decades of international restrictions, Iran’s economy showed some resilience in 2024. The World Bank reported a GDP of $436.9 billion, largely fueled by oil exports. Yet, behind this figure lies a starkly contrasting reality: a dual market where the official rial rate masks the currency’s collapse on the black market. Iran remains heavily reliant on crude oil, exporting between 1.2 and 1.5 million barrels per day, primarily to China. These revenues allowed Tehran to cover daily expenses and partially contain inflation, which was already approaching 40%, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
The Shock of Europe’s Snapback
August 28, 2025, marked a turning point. France, the United Kingdom and Germany reactivated the “snapback” mechanism, reinstating trade and financial sanctions in response to Tehran’s nuclear shortcomings. Though not a UN embargo, the measures pose a direct threat to banks, insurers and shippers involved in Iranian trade. Crude shipments still find buyers, but at heavily discounted prices, with China effectively becoming the sole purchaser.Maritime routes have become more complicated as well. Iranian tankers now take tortuous paths through Malaysia, Singapore or Vietnam to conceal the origin of their crude.
A Currency in Free Fall
Following the reinstatement of sanctions, Iran’s domestic economy is under severe strain. In the spring, the rial crossed a symbolic threshold, surpassing one million per dollar on the black market. Today, it trades between 1.05 and 1.08 million, further entrenching the dollarization of the economy. For households, daily life has grown increasingly precarious. The minimum wage, set in March at 104 million rials (roughly $100-110 at the parallel rate), barely covers basic needs. The erosion of purchasing power has deepened public distrust in the national currency, prompting Iranians to hoard foreign currency or gold.
Toward a Survival Economy
The June conflict highlighted the fragility of Iran’s economic system. Israeli strikes on oil infrastructure briefly halted exports, underscoring the strategic vulnerability generated by heavy reliance on crude oil. Today, Iran continues to finance its budget through exports to China, but at discounted prices and amid growing financial isolation. The IMF projects that GDP, already in decline, will drop to $341 billion in 2025, a stark sign of gradual economic strangulation. While the economy has not collapsed, it survives through constant improvisation. The result is a drained currency, slashed purchasing power and near-total dependence on China. More than ever, Iran is caught between sanctions and regional tensions, forced to sell its oil at sacrificed prices just to keep the state afloat.

Putin Meets Erdogan, Praises Turkey's Mediation Efforts on Ukraine

This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Russian President Vladimir Putin praised Turkey's mediation attempts around the Ukraine war at a meeting with his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan in China on Monday. "I'm confident that Turkey's special role in these matters will continue to be in demand," the Russian president said during talks with Erdogan on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit.Putin added that the three rounds of direct talks with Ukraine in Istanbul have made some progress on the humanitarian track. The talks have failed to yield a breakthrough over Russia's three-and-a-half-year invasion and resulted only in exchanges of prisoners and soldiers' bodies. The warring sides have radically different positions and Ukraine has accused Russia of sending low-level officials with no real decision-making power to the Istanbul talks. Russia has called on Ukraine to effectively cede four regions that Moscow claims to have annexed, a demand Kyiv has called unacceptable. US President Donald Trump has called for a meeting between Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, but Moscow said it was too early to do so before key issues are resolved. Russia's full-scale invasion, launched in February 2022, has ravaged swathes of eastern and southern Ukraine, killing tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians.

Zelensky to Meet European Leaders in Paris on Thursday

This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky will meet European leaders on Thursday in Paris, a source told AFP, amid an international push to broker an end to Russia's three-and-a-half-year invasion. "We're planning such a meeting" between Zelensky and European leaders, the source said Monday, adding that US President Donald Trump "is not so far expected to be there." The source said the main topic of the Paris talks will be security guarantees for Ukraine and "promoting diplomacy, because the Russians are wriggling out again" of the efforts to end the war. The issue of Western-backed security guarantees for Ukraine if a truce comes into force has been dominated the diplomatic flurry around Ukraine in recent weeks. Kyiv wants such guarantees to deter any future Russian attacks. A European peacekeeping force has been floated publicly among leaders as a potential security arrangement for when the conflict ends. Trump has indicated the United States could back up any European peacekeeping plan, but would not deploy US soldiers to Ukraine.
Russia has pushed back against any Western peacekeeping troops, with the Kremlin saying last week it viewed "such discussions negatively."

Russian Drone Attacks on Ukraine Dropped in August

This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Russia's long-range drone strikes on Ukraine dipped sharply over August, an AFP analysis published on Monday showed, during a flurry of high-profile but fruitless meetings aimed at ending Moscow's grinding invasion. The falloff in drone strikes came after months of escalating aerial attacks and meetings US President Donald Trump hosted with the Russian and Ukrainian leaders that ended without any breakthrough. An AFP analysis of data published by the Ukrainian air force showed that Russia launched 4,132 long-range drones at Ukraine in overnight attacks over the month of August, a 34-percent decrease from July, when Russia fired a record number of drones. Despite the overall decrease, Russian attacks still killed dozens of civilians. Moscow's military hit Kyiv with one of the worst drone and missile attacks of the war on August 28, killing 25 people, mainly in a residential building.
AFP journalists on Sunday saw friends and relatives weeping over coffins and burying a 24-year-old woman and her two-year-old daughter, who were killed in the barrage. Moscow has launched almost nightly aerial drone and missile attacks on Ukraine since it launched its full-scale invasion in February 2022, sparking the deadliest conflict in Europe since World War II. There has not been a single night without a Russian long-range drone attack since May.
Sophisticated Attacks
Russia also launched some 156 missiles at Ukraine across the month of August, according to the Ukrainian air force data. The AFP analysis, based on official reports published each morning by the Ukrainian air force, does not account for every Russian attack.
The number of projectiles launched by Russian forces is likely to be higher, air force officials have told AFP. Ukrainian air defense units are adapting to the increasingly sophisticated attacks that have been growing in size over recent months. AFP's analysis of the air force data showed that Kyiv's forces downed 83 percent of Russian drones and missiles, representing a five-percentage-point decrease over July. The dip in Russian drone attacks fell mainly in the first half of the month, when Trump hosted Russian leader Vladimir Putin for a high-profile meeting in Alaska that saw no progress towards ending the war. Trump then hosted European leaders and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who has been appealing to allies for more air defense systems to protect against the Ukrainian attacks.

Xi and Putin Lash Out at the West Before Eurasian leaders

This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Presidents Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin took turns Monday to swipe at the West during a gathering of Eurasian leaders for a showpiece summit aimed at putting Beijing front and center of regional relations. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), comprising China, India, Russia, Pakistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Belarus, is touted as a non-Western style of collaboration and seeks to be an alternative to traditional alliances. Xi told the SCO leaders, including Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko and India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi, that the global international situation was becoming more "chaotic and intertwined." The Chinese leader also slammed "bullying behavior" from certain countries. a veiled reference to the United States. "The security and development tasks facing member states have become even more challenging," he added in his address in the northern port city of Tianjin. "With the world undergoing turbulence and transformation, we must continue to follow the Shanghai spirit...and better perform the functions of the organization," Xi said. Putin used his speech to defend Russia's Ukraine offensive, blaming the West for triggering the three-and-a-half-year conflict that has killed tens of thousands and devastated much of eastern Ukraine."This crisis wasn't triggered by Russia's attack on Ukraine but was a result of a coup in Ukraine, which was supported and provoked by the West," Putin said. "The second reason for the crisis is the West's constant attempts to drag Ukraine into NATO." Meanwhile, Putin praised Turkey's mediation attempts around the Ukraine war during his first meeting this year with Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Monday. Turkey has hosted three rounds of peace talks between Russia and Ukraine this year that have failed to break the deadlock over how to end the conflict. Putin met his Iranian counterpart Masoud Pezeshkian on the sidelines of a regional summit in China on Monday, the Kremlin said. The pair are expected to discuss Iran's nuclear programme, with Russia having publicly backed its ally after Britain, France and Germany said last week they would reimpose sanctions over Tehran's non-compliance with the 2015 nuclear deal.
'Always Insightful'
Earlier, leaders from the 10 SCO countries stood on a red carpet and posed for a group photo. Xi, Putin and Modi were seen on live footage chatting, the three leaders flanked by their translators. Modi and Putin, who were photographed holding hands, held talks in the afternoon. Russian state media reported the pair spent nearly an hour talking "face-to-face" in Putin's armored presidential car before their official bilateral meeting. "Conversations with him are always insightful," Modi wrote on X along with a photograph of them travelling in the car. In opening comments before their meeting, Modi praised the "special and privileged strategic partnership" with Moscow. "India and Russia have stood shoulder to shoulder, even in the toughest situations," he said. On the conflict in Ukraine, Modi said India wanted both sides to end it "as soon as possible and to find stable peace."
Flurry of Meetings
The SCO summit, which also involves 16 more countries as observers or "dialogue partners," kicked off on Sunday, days before a massive military parade in the capital, Beijing, to mark 80 years since the end of World War II. The member states signed a declaration Monday, agreeing to strengthen cooperation in sectors such as security and economy, China's Xinhua news agency said. They also "unanimously agreed" to admit Laos as a "dialogue partner," Xinhua added. Xi held a flurry of back-to-back bilateral meetings with leaders, including Lukashenko, one of Putin's staunch allies, and Modi, who is on his first visit to China since 2018. Modi told Xi that India was committed to taking "forward our ties on the basis of mutual trust, dignity and sensitivity." The world's two most populous nations are intense rivals, competing for influence across South Asia, and fought a deadly border clash in 2020.
A thaw began last October, when Modi met Xi for the first time in five years at a summit in Russia.Their rapprochement deepened as US President Donald Trump pressured both Asian economic giants with trade tariffs. More than 20 leaders are attending the bloc's largest meeting since its founding in 2001. Many of the assembled dignitaries will be in Beijing on Wednesday to watch the military parade, which will also be attended by North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. Kim left Pyongyang by train on Monday afternoon and is expected to arrive Tuesday, the Yonhap news agency reported.

Maduro: 8 US Ships 'with 1,200 Missiles' Threatening Venezuela
This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro claimed Monday that eight US military vessels "with 1,200 missiles" were threatening his country, denouncing an "absolutely criminal, bloody threat."The United States, which accuses Maduro of leading a drug cartel, has announced a deployment of warships to the southern Caribbean in an anti-drug trafficking operation. Maduro railed at a meeting with international media in Caracas Monday against "the greatest threat that has been seen on our continent in the last 100 years" in the form of "eight military ships with 1,200 missiles and a submarine targeting Venezuela."The president, whose last two re-elections in 2024 and 2018 were not recognized by the United States or much of the international community, said that "in response to maximum military pressure, we have declared maximum readiness to defend Venezuela."Washington has doubled the bounty for Maduro's capture to $50 million but has made no public threat to invade Venezuela.Caracas has said it would patrol its territorial waters and mobilize more than four million militia members in response to the US "threats."Maduro deplored that communications channels with the United States have broken down and vowed his country "will never give in to blackmail nor threats of any kind." At the press conference, Maduro warned US President Donald Trump that his Secretary of State Marco Rubio wanted to "lead him into a bloodbath... with a massacre against the people of Venezuela."

Afghanistan Earthquake Kills More Than 1000
This is Beirut/AFP/September 01/2025
A massive rescue operation was underway in Afghanistan on Monday, after a strong earthquake and multiple aftershocks collapsed homes onto sleeping families in a remote, mountainous region, killing more than 1000 people, according to the Taliban authorities.
The 6.0-magnitude earthquake struck just before midnight, rattling buildings from Kabul to neighboring Pakistan's capital, Islamabad. More than 1.2 million people likely felt strong or very strong shaking, according to the US Geological Survey (USGS), which recorded at least five aftershocks throughout the night. Casualties and destruction swept across at least five provinces. Near the epicenter in eastern Afghanistan, around 1000 people were killed and 2800 injured in remote Kunar province alone, chief Taliban government spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said. Another 12 people were killed and 255 injured in neighboring Nangarhar province, while 58 people were injured in Laghman province. In Wadir village in the hard-hit district of Nurgal, dozens of people joined the effort to pull people from the rubble of destroyed or severely damaged homes more than 12 hours after the initial earthquake, AFP journalists saw. The epicenter was about 27 kilometers (17 miles) from the city of Jalalabad in Nangarhar province, according to the USGS, which said it struck about eight kilometers below the Earth's surface. Such relatively shallow quakes can cause more damage, especially since the majority of Afghans live in low-rise, mud-brick homes vulnerable to collapse. Some of the most severely impacted villages in remote Kunar provinces "remain inaccessible due to road blockages," the UN migration agency warned in a statement to AFP. The Taliban authorities and the United Nations mobilized rescue efforts, with the defense ministry saying at least 40 flight sorties had so far been carried out. A member of the agricultural department in Nurgal said people had rushed to clear blocked roads in the hours after the earthquake, but that badly affected areas were remote and had limited telecom networks. "There is a lot of fear and tension... Children and women were screaming. We had never experienced anything like this in our lives," Ijaz Ulhaq Yaad told AFP. He said that many living in quake-hit villages were among the more than four million Afghans who have returned to the country from Iran and Pakistan in recent years.
"They wanted to build their homes here." Nangarhar and Kunar provinces border Pakistan, with the Torkham crossing the site of many waves of Afghan returnees deported or forced to leave, often with no work and nowhere to go.UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres added his condolences to those shared by the Taliban government and several nations. "I stand in full solidarity with the people of Afghanistan after the devastating earthquake that hit the country earlier today," he said. In a post shared by the Vatican, Pope Leo XIV said he was "deeply saddened by the significant loss of life caused by the earthquake in the area of eastern Afghanistan."
Frequent Quakes
Afghanistan is frequently hit by earthquakes, especially in the Hindu Kush mountain range, near the junction of the Eurasia and India tectonic plates. Since 1900, there have been 12 earthquakes with magnitudes greater than seven in northeast Afghanistan, according to Brian Baptie, a seismologist at the British Geological Survey. "This scale of the seismic activity, the potential for multi-hazard events and the construction of structures in the region can combine to create significant loss of life in such events," he said in a statement. Nangarhar province was also hit by flooding overnight Friday to Saturday, which killed five people and destroyed crops and property, provincial authorities said. In October 2023, western Herat province was devastated by a 6.3-magnitude earthquake, which killed more than 1,500 people and damaged or destroyed more than 63,000 homes. In June 2022, a 5.9-magnitude quake struck the impoverished eastern border province of Paktika, killing more than 1,000 people and leaving tens of thousands homeless. Ravaged by four decades of war, Afghanistan is already contending with a series of humanitarian crises. Since the return of the Taliban, foreign aid to Afghanistan has been slashed, undermining the impoverished nation's ability to respond to disasters. Around 85 percent of the Afghan population lives on less than one dollar a day, according to the United Nations Development Programme.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on September 01-02/2025
Solomonic Judgment
Dr. Charles Chartouni/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/09/146890/
International issues are pending, and nothing seems to move toward negotiated solutions across Ukraine and the wide arc of conflicts extending through the Middle East. None of the actors is interested in peacemaking; on the contrary, these zones of active conflict tend to work in the best interests of countries vying for imperial conquests and showing no concern for the political fortunes of the ensnared states. These territories are mere appendages within competing imperial designs. We are in a typical scenario of frozen conflict where actors work actively, keeping conflicts smoldering and stoking them when need be. In other words, none of them is interested in finding solutions and promoting the search for peace as the ultimate gauge and ordering variable.
The whole negotiation process that took place in Alaska was a mere diversion that unveiled the true intentions of Putin and the limits of personal diplomacy. The war is pursuing its unhindered course despite the Kremlin’s gross military miscalculations and the destructiveness of the conflict, with its inherent absurdities. None of the objectives was achieved, and the war degenerated into gory bloodletting with no identifiable rationale aside from the delusions of a dictator who has a hard time adjusting to the well-established geostrategic and geopolitical facts of the post-Soviet era.
Russia is nowadays the hostage of a raving mind and of the ethos of a military institution that struggles to adjust to the realities of the post-Soviet era and the need to review its strategic culture. Negotiations are made impossible since the Russian dictatorship is unwilling to acknowledge the national autonomy of Ukraine and is still confident in its ability to challenge European security and undermine its strategic and intellectual foundations. How can a peace dynamic set in if the very premises of negotiations and discursive forms of conflict resolution are totally overlooked?
Ukraine, NATO and the European community have no other choice but to solidify Ukrainian defenses and offensive capabilities to make a future negotiated political solution possible. Furthermore, the Western community has to double down on its sanctions as a complementary deterrence strategy. A nihilistic dictatorship needs to be firmly confronted, contained, and ultimately defeated.
The stalemated war in Gaza will persist as long as Hamas is in control and fulfills its sabotaging role. The dilemmas of the Israeli hostage crisis are going to endure as long as Hamas claims control over the district and instrumentalizes it to serve its overlapping strategic and ideological agendas. While disposing of an exhausted civilian population that has no control over a terrorist organization, it is still manipulating the Israeli hostage trump card to wrest an unlikely deal that safeguards its political status and prerogatives and challenges Israel’s national security.
This equation is by definition self-defeating and intellectually inconsistent. The advocacy of European diplomacies for the recognition of Palestinian statehood before a settlement in Gaza is counterproductive and will by no means help end the war in Gaza. It is unacceptable to equate the state of Israel with the terrorist organization that originated this conflict, and one should never expect Israel to bow to international pressure.
Political benevolence should start with the reordering of the intellectual priorities: a negotiated solution to the Gaza quandary should start with a cessation of hostilities based on the unconditional liberation of the Israeli hostages, the withdrawal of the ragtag Hamas militias, and the creation of a transitional authority to oversee the deconfliction process, the demilitarization of the district, the setup of plans for reconstruction and the monumental task of humanitarian relief. The overall solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict should come at a second stage.
Lebanon is coping with travails similar to what Gaza is experiencing. The Lebanese government is still incapable of setting a practical plan for decommissioning Hezbollah and the Palestinian camps. In contrast, Israel’s thresholds of tolerance are shrinking by the day after eight months of procrastination and with the resumption of the rearmament process and its adjacent dynamics.
The forceful American mediation and the pressure of the international community have not overcome the recalcitrance of Hezbollah, its acolytes and its Iranian mentor. As long as the Iranian sabotaging factor is still operating, the negotiated denouement of the Lebanese, Iraqi, Yemeni and Syrian stalemates is unlikely to take place. This nest of vipers is unlikely to unravel unless it is irreversibly annihilated. The reconstruction of the integrated strategic platforms woven by Qassem Soleimani is still in view as long as the Iranian regime is in place. The idle maneuvering of the Iranian regime will pursue its course until the United States and the European Union are weaned off the falsehoods of empty diplomatic jockeying.
Lebanon’s endless negotiations over the decommissioning assignment are not meant to address the issues at stake; it is a deflection to foil international pressure, keep the tension alive, and prepare for alternative subversion courses. The latest moves of the current executive have been spurred by the intense American diplomacy and the Israeli wariness with procrastination and the indefinite deferment of constitutional mandates.
The same reservations hold for Syria and Iraq, where the absence of national consensus is undermining civil peace and the chances of sustainable political, socio-economic and environmental reforms in countries dealing with systemic dislocations and overwhelming post-war political dilemmas and reconstruction challenges. The same holds in Yemen, where the issues of civil concord and structural reforms are severely tested by endemic instability. However difficult and intriguing the issues at stake are, they necessitate a head-on confrontation if we are to stem the tide of pervasive volatility all along the outlined arc of conflicts.

Is the tide finally turning against Israel?
Dr. Ramzy Baroud/Arab News/September 01, 2025
Is it finally happening? Is the West turning against Israel? Or are we, whether motivated by hope or driven by despair, simply engaging in wishful thinking? The matter is not so simple.
In July, a significant number of countries and organizations signed the New York Declaration, a strong statement that followed a high-level meeting titled “Conference on the Peaceful Settlement of the Question of Palestine.”
The conference and its bold conclusion warrant a deeper conversation. What matters for now, however, is the identity of the countries involved. Aside from states that have traditionally advocated for international justice and law in Palestine, many of the signatories were countries that had previously supported Israel regardless of context or circumstance.
These mostly Western countries included Australia, Canada and the UK. Some of these nations are also expected to formally recognize the state of Palestine at the UN General Assembly this month. Of course, one has no illusions about the hypocrisy of supporting peace in Palestine while still arming the Israeli war machine that is carrying out a genocide in Gaza. That notwithstanding, the political change is too significant to ignore. Australia’s home affairs minister boldly argued that ‘strength is not measured by how many people you can blow up’In the cases of Ireland, Norway, Spain, Luxembourg, Malta and Portugal, among others, one can explain the growing rift with Israel and the championing of Palestinian rights based on historical evidence. Most of these countries have historically teetered on the edge between the Western common denominator and a more humanistic approach to the Palestinian struggle. This shift began years prior to the start of the ongoing Israeli genocide. But what is one to make of the positions of Australia and the Netherlands, two of the most adamantly pro-Israel governments anywhere? In Australia’s case, media accounts argue that the friction began when the federal government denied an extremist Israeli lawmaker, Simcha Rothman, a visa for a speaking tour. Israel quickly retaliated by canceling the visas of three Australian diplomats in the Occupied Territories. This step was not a mere tit-for-tat response but the start of a virulent campaign by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to wage a diplomatic war against Australia. “History will remember (Australian Prime Minister Anthony) Albanese for what he is: a weak politician who betrayed Israel and abandoned Australia’s Jews,” Netanyahu said, again infusing the same logic of lies and manipulation tactics.
Israel’s anger was not directly related to Rothman’s visa. That was a mere opportunity for Netanyahu to respond to Australia’s signature on the New York Declaration, its pending decision to recognize Palestine and its growing criticism of Israel’s genocide in Gaza.
Though Albanese did not engage Netanyahu directly, Home Affairs Minister Tony Burke did. He answered the accusations of weakness by boldly arguing that “strength is not measured by how many people you can blow up.”
This statement is both true and self-indicting, not only for Australia but for other Western governments. For years, and numerous times during the Gaza genocide, Australian leaders have argued that “Israel has the right to defend itself.” Since blowing people up hardly qualifies as self-defense, it follows that Canberra knew all along that Israel’s conduct amounted to war crimes. So, why the sudden, though still unconvincing, shift in position? The answer is directly related to the mass mobilizations in Australia. On a single Sunday in August, hundreds of thousands of Australians took to the streets in what organizers described as the largest pro-Palestinian demonstrations in the country’s history. Marches were held in more than 40 cities and towns, including a massive rally in Sydney that drew a crowd of up to 300,000 people and brought the Sydney Harbour Bridge to a standstill. These protests, which called for sanctions and an end to Australia’s arms trade with Israel, demonstrated the immense public pressure on the government. The idea of a political crisis in the Netherlands sparked by Israeli war crimes would have been unthinkable in the past
In other words, it is the Australian people who have truly spoken, courageously standing up to Netanyahu and to their own government’s refusal to take any meaningful steps to hold Israel accountable. If anyone should be congratulated on their strength and resolve, it is the millions of Australians who relentlessly continue to rally for peace, justice and an end to the genocide in Gaza.
Similarly, the political crisis in the Netherlands, starting with the resignation of Foreign Minister Caspar Veldkamp on Aug. 22, is indicative of the significant change in European politics toward Israel and Palestine.
“The Israeli government’s actions violate international treaties. A line must be drawn,” said Eddy van Hijum, the leader of the country’s New Social Contract party and deputy prime minister. The “line” was indeed drawn, and quickly so, when Veldkamp resigned, ushering in mass resignations by other key ministers in the government. The idea of a major political crisis in the Netherlands sparked by Israeli war crimes in Palestine would have been unthinkable in the past. The political shift in the Netherlands, much like in Australia, would not have happened without massive public mobilization around the Gaza genocide, which continues to grow worldwide. While pro-Palestine protests have occurred in the past, they have never achieved the critical mass needed to compel governments to act.
Though these governmental actions remain timid and reluctant, the momentum is undeniable. People power is proving more than capable of swaying some governments to impose sanctions and sever diplomatic ties with Israel, not only through pressure in the streets but also through pressure at the ballot box.
While the West has not yet fully turned against Israel, it may only be a matter of time. The precious blood of hundreds of thousands of innocent Palestinians in Gaza deserves for history to be finally altered. The children of Palestine deserve this global awakening of conscience.
**Dr. Ramzy Baroud is a journalist, author and the editor of The Palestine Chronicle. His latest book, “Before the Flood,” will be published by Seven Stories Press. His website is www.ramzybaroud.net. X: @RamzyBaroud

The man who closed the chapter of both Assads
Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/September 01, 2025
As I entered the Syrian presidential palace, I observed a young man called Ahmad Al-Sharaa at the seat of the two Assads. My realization grew stronger that what had happened in Syria was immense and would leave its mark on the country and perhaps beyond.
Al-Sharaa’s tempest not only uprooted an excessively cruel regime that had ruled for over half a century, but it also cast aside mentalities that had prevailed for decades. Observing Al-Sharaa at the presidential palace, one cannot forget that his tempest also extracted Syria from the so-called Axis of Resistance and diminished Iran’s role in the region. Al-Sharaa’s tempest severed the Tehran-Beirut route that passed through Iraqi and Syrian territories. It was the supply route of “resistance” rockets and the shaping and diminishing of roles.
I do not want to exaggerate the change in Syria, but it really did reshape roles and sizes, starting from Hezbollah in Lebanon to the Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq.
I noticed that Al-Sharaa’s entourage did not ask the people invited to the palace to avoid asking sensitive questions. No subject was off limits and it quickly became evident that Al-Sharaa would not get flustered when it came to speaking about his past.
He spoke clearly and frankly about complex issues. He said he does not view himself as an extension of religious extremist or nationalist movements, which, according to him, have failed. He also stressed that he was not affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood.
He expressed his position in practical terms and called on the world to approach Syria through its people and its state, not separate segments and shares. He expressed a readiness to discuss lingering concerns as long as Syria’s unity is protected.
It quickly became evident that Al-Sharaa would not get flustered when it came to speaking about his past
Al-Sharaa acknowledged that the developments in Sweida have left a wound and that violations had taken place before that by other parties, including the security forces. He wants to avoid a bloody clash with the Kurds, led by Mazloum Abdi, while questions remain over Turkiye and the US’ interests. Al-Sharaa was obviously very at ease with the network of international relations he has forged, starting with the regional support embodied by Saudi Arabia and Turkiye, and the new chapter in ties with Washington, which is credited to Riyadh’s encouragement.
The visitor realizes that Al-Sharaa is adopting a policy of “Syria First” and that he did not come to power with a view of changing the region or the world. He is a man of state, not a leader of a faction. He spoke in detail about the economy and establishing a suitable investment environment. He is banking on a partnership of interests with Iraq and Lebanon through full economic integration, ignoring the wounds inflicted on Syria by the PMF and Hezbollah. Al-Sharaa spoke of ending problems with Syria’s neighbors. He did not rule out striking a security agreement with Israel similar to the 1974 deal. He noted that the Abraham Accords were struck with countries that do not neighbor Israel and that do not have territory occupied by it.
Al-Sharaa is aware that the Syrians have for decades suffered poverty, oppression, injustice, immigration and displacement. A million died in the war, hundreds of thousands are missing and the “biggest butchers have escaped” justice. Al-Sharaa knows that time eats away at the euphoria of new beginnings. But he is banking on the people and he does not hesitate in approaching them and listening to their complaints.
Still in his 40s, Al-Sharaa has amassed vast experience through the difficulties he has endured. He speaks confidently in practical terms and is banking on establishing a prosperous Syria. He is a strong man with the traits of a prominent regional player should he succeed in navigating the minefield and Syria’s problems: an economy in ruins, complex relations between various parties, and contradictory advice from various friends.
He is banking on the people and he does not hesitate in approaching them and listening to their complaints
I do not claim to have the right words to accurately write about the man who surprised Syria and the world. I read and asked a lot about him, but this was the first time that I had the opportunity to listen to him in person. My career has taught me that it is wrong to be charmed by the dreams of the person in power. It has taught me that our countries are difficult and full of traps that eat away at the dreams of the ambitious leader who is seeking change. It taught me that the past often pounces and debilitates the future, leaving countries to tread carefully on shattered glass.
Time is a master in changing fates. Hafez Assad was deluded in believing that he would remain in power forever. He imposed his rule on Syria by force and thought he could freeze time the way time was frozen for the prisoners who languished in Sednaya jail. He thought he would not have to worry when he died, as he would rule Syria from the grave through his sons and their sons. This was nothing unusual. Damascus, like Baghdad, helps its rulers in building these delusions. Perhaps it is because of their location or vast history … but time can be deceptive and treacherous. I recalled a visit to Baghdad after Saddam Hussein’s ouster. I could not find a trace of the president, his army or party, not even his grave. People unleashed their anger on his statues. They erased any traces of him from the palaces, books and local currency. But the man who was quick to send people to their deaths stood defiantly in front of his own noose. The master of Baghdad does not die in his bed of old age.
Assad was fortunate. The American army did not sweep in to topple him and the people did not dare to even dream of such a thing. They remembered what happened in Hama. Joining the opposition would put anyone at risk of death, no matter how young. Even cities like Hama were not spared a deadly ending. Assad saved Syria from the cycle of coups. This costly stability allowed Syria to become a regional player. Mr. President felt like he owned the country and that he had even invented it. When illness struck, he named his son Bashar as his successor.
For a quarter of a century, Bashar was the one and only ruler. He never believed that the winds blowing from Idlib would soon turn into a hurricane that would lead him to his frosty exile in Russia. Al-Sharaa closed the chapter of both Assads. Bashar opted for exile instead of joining Hafez, Saddam and Qaddafi and their fate in the palace or the grave.

Can Gaza forge Saudi-Iranian unity?
Hassan Al-Mustafa/Arab News/August 31, 2025
The emergency session of Organization of Islamic Cooperation foreign ministers held in Jeddah last Monday transcended routine diplomatic proceedings. Convened during one of the Gaza war’s most brutal chapters, the gathering highlighted how Palestinian affairs have evolved beyond regional politics into a litmus test for the global commitment to justice and legal principles.
The summit’s closing declaration employed unusually blunt language, denouncing “Israeli schemes for the total occupation and military dominance of Gaza,” while characterizing “blockades, forced starvation and mass expulsions as severe breaches of humanitarian law constituting war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.” Beyond demanding the immediate cessation of hostilities and unrestricted humanitarian corridor access, delegates called for sanctions and Israel’s UN suspension — language reflecting documented legal assessments rather than political rhetoric.
Saudi Arabia assumed a pivotal conference role. Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan condemned the “occupation forces’ most abhorrent practices, including murder, starvation and forced displacement,” and demanded “the termination of Gaza’s siege and urgent, adequate crossing openings for relief supplies.” He rejected the “Greater Israel concept,” while reaffirming the Kingdom’s commitment to “Palestinians’ historic right to statehood within the 1967 boundaries with East Jerusalem as capital.”
The proceedings in Jeddah extended beyond collective statements toward meaningful diplomatic engagement. Prince Faisal’s meeting on the sidelines with his Iranian counterpart, Abbas Araghchi, represented a crucial test of the potential for Riyadh-Tehran practical cooperation. While Araghchi endorsed the OIC declaration, he emphasized that “implementation matters most,” advocating that Islamic nations “sever commercial and diplomatic Israeli ties.” Saudi Arabia prioritized pragmatic international mechanisms encompassing humanitarian assistance and legal channels.
The contrasting approaches are evident: Iran’s maximalist positions regardless of feasibility versus Saudi Arabia’s balance between principles, realism and effective diplomatic-legal pressure. Nevertheless, Saudi-Iranian convergences remain significant — particularly shared concerns that ongoing warfare destabilizes the region and that impunity erodes international legal credibility. Prince Faisal’s meeting with Araghchi represented a crucial test of the potential for Riyadh-Tehran cooperation.
Should Tehran temper its ideological messaging and embrace practical steps within established international institutions, Saudi-Iranian collaboration through OIC frameworks could amplify efforts toward Gaza ceasefire possibilities, despite the extremist Israeli government’s persistence with policies of starvation, occupation and forced displacement.
Europe’s positioning, especially France’s stance, reinforces this approach’s significance. President Emmanuel Macron consistently maintains that the two-state solution represents the sole sustainable pathway to peace. Paris supports international conferences establishing clear conflict resolution roadmaps. The alignment of Saudi Arabia’s strategic two-state commitment with France’s revival of a comprehensive peace process creates opportunities for broader international cooperation that transcends condemnation and leads to concrete action.
Such developments would present US President Donald Trump with additional political and humanitarian considerations amid mounting pressure due to the famine in Gaza. More than 40 senators in July petitioned the State Department, warning that the current aid distribution mechanisms are ineffective and crisis-aggravating. These pressures also reflect shifting public sentiment, with recent polling showing 55 percent of Americans want a ceasefire. Trump faces a stark choice: either maintain unconditional support for Israel despite the domestic and international political costs or pursue negotiations and a truce to restore America’s credibility as a peace broker. Riyadh’s preferred outcome would be Washington guaranteeing a comprehensive and permanent termination of the Gaza war.
The escalating humanitarian conditions and constrained political options confronting Israel and its supporters enhance the value of the regional initiatives, including potential Saudi-Iranian cooperation. This creates cumulative contexts supported by multiple European and global capitals, as well as widespread public opinion, which Washington and Tel Aviv are increasingly struggling to dismiss indefinitely.
The Jeddah OIC foreign ministerial meeting demonstrated the capacity for Islamic convergence on Palestinian issues despite the divergent perspectives. However, the developments in Gaza and the West Bank test not only the Palestinian leadership — requiring internal reconciliation around coherent, rational programs — but also the effectiveness of joint Islamic action in restoring international law and regional stability, granting this organization genuine influence over urgent matters.
• Hassan Al-Mustafa is a Saudi writer and researcher interested in Islamic movements, the development of religious discourse and the relationship between the Gulf Cooperation Council states and Iran.X: @Halmustafa

The Woman Behind the Veil
Sara Al Nuaimi/Gatestone Institute/September 01/2025
When I ask my mother why she decided to wear the niqab, she looks at me, puzzled. "Decide?" she repeats, as if I'd asked why she "decided" to speak Arabic.
She manages her own stock portfolio entirely in Arabic... she notes that "wars slow things down, yet when there are wars, gold goes up."
When asked what she thinks of interest, she explains that interest has multiple meanings. When someone is desperate or helpless and needs a loan with interest, that is unacceptable — it exploits the needy. But interest on her own deposits? That is her money "working" to bring more money.
She does not trust foreign stocks. Even locally, she is selective about private ventures, such as new hotels. "It's never clear what they're doing exactly," she says. "They could be financing prostitution."
Watching so many politicians talk about my mother's niqab, I do not see bad intentions. I see concern. People want to protect their culture. They worry that foreign customs might slowly replace their own. It is true of people in the West, as well, who might worry that people could be in their midst who wish to replace miniskirts with burqas.
This response is not prejudice. What people are picking up on — sometimes without knowing how to name it — is that people wish to protect what matters to them.... Like church bells in Salzburg or kimonos in Kyoto, they belong to a place, and they deserve to be protected.
In the end, my mother's story is not really about the niqab. It is about how to stay rooted in a world that keeps shifting.
This means being yourself within the world as you find it, not demanding the world to change for you. That is the kind of wisdom we do not talk about enough.
Recently, in Dubai, a tourist filmed a woman in a niqab eating at a restaurant. The tourist and her friend were treating the woman as if she were entertainment for them, rather than as a person trying to enjoy her dinner. Eventually, when the video clip went viral on social media, the Dubai Police issued a statement that they were investigating the matter.
Even in a Muslim-majority country, the woman could not simply be out in public without becoming a spectacle.
In 2017, Australian Senator Pauline Hanson wrote about the burqa, which covers the whole body and face:
"I have long believed that full face coverings, such as the burqa, were oppressive, presented barriers to assimilation, disadvantaged women from finding employment, were causing issues inside our justice system, presented a clear security threat and has no place in modern Western society."
In 2014, Australian Senator Jacqui Lambie said about burqas:
"I believe it's a national security issue and it's a security issue and it's just like anything else. It's like a motorbike helmet or it's like a balaclava. You cannot wear one. I will not allow you to wear that into my office because it's a security risk."
The same year, then Prime Minister Tony Abbott commented on burqas:
"I have said before that I find [the burqa] a fairly confronting form of attire. Frankly, I wish it was not worn but we are a free country, we are a free society and it is not the business of government to tell people what they should and shouldn't wear."
The language, from there, gets harsher. In 2018, the year before he was elected prime minister of Britain, Boris Johnson compared niqab-wearing women to "letter boxes" and "looking like a bank robber."
One critic has described the face veil as "not an article of clothing — it is a mask, a mask worn at all times, making identification or participation in economic and social life virtually impossible."
Academic discourse is not much kinder. Sahar Amer, a scholar at the University of Sydney, wrote in 2014 that "many non-Muslims perceive veiling — the burqa and niqab especially — as a sign of religious extremism and possible political militancy."
Sara Silvestri at City University London noted in 2016 that "this type of dress is associated with Islamic extremism."
One commenter on X even referred to the niqab as a "garbage bag" revealing the complete dehumanization of the women who choose to wear it.
I decided to speak to one woman who wears the niqab: my mother, Alya.
An Emirati living in the United Arab Emirates — one of the world's most successful countries and a model of stability and prosperity — she faces no religious, legal, or family pressure. She wears a niqab entirely by choice.
My mother is fortunate. She made her decision freely — without pressure or fear. Many women do not have that choice. Her good fortune shows what the veil can mean when it is not forced.
So, why does she wear it?
Me, I have no problem wearing a bikini on the shores of Formentera. When I ask my mother why she decided to wear the niqab, she looks at me, puzzled. "Decide?" she repeats, as if I had asked why she "decided" to speak Arabic. "We see other women wear it, so we wear it."
She was raised to cover her hair -- everyone did -- the same with the niqab. She was not wearing it when she first got married, but over time, more women around her started to wear one, and it became the norm.
It was not from an ideology, or a "personal statement" or a religious "awakening." Just something that became part of the landscape — like the food you grow up eating.
"These things are not strange to us," she says. "They are customs."
She manages her own stock portfolio entirely in Arabic, checking market movements on her smartphone, following financial news, and making investment decisions with ease. Her portfolio has grown steadily over the years, although she notes that "wars slow things down, yet when there are wars, gold goes up."
She also manages her bank deposits. When asked what she thinks of interest, she explains that interest has multiple meanings. When someone is desperate or helpless and needs a loan with interest, that is unacceptable — it exploits the needy. But interest on her own deposits? That is her money "working" to bring more money.
She invests exclusively in UAE companies — semi-private or government-owned. Supporting her country's stocks feels safe and aligns with her values. She does not trust foreign stocks. Even locally, she is selective about private ventures, such as new hotels. "It is never clear what they're doing exactly," she says. "They could be financing prostitution."
When I ask her about her values, she is again puzzled. "Islamic values," I emphasize, what, as a Muslim, she finds important. She answers, "kindness, good deeds, being close to family." She insists on family cohesion above all and has no interest in ideology or politics. She believes that with modern life, family cohesion has started to weaken and wants us to "work more on that."
When I ask if it bothers her to see people from other countries dressed differently, she says it does not. "I know that is who they are." She says she appreciates it when visitors dress modestly — not necessarily covered, but considerately and decent -– but she is repulsed by revealing clothing: "Don't they know they are in a Muslim country?" she asks. When I suggest this sounds religious, she corrects me: "Not really, it is just unfamiliar to my eyes. I am used to something else."
For her, the problem is not about religious rules but environmental norms — the difference between what feels familiar and what feels jarring.
When I point out that Europeans might be similarly jarred by niqabis on their streets, her response is matter-of-fact: "Niqabs are banned in France."
No anger, no sense of injustice. Just accepting that different places have different ways.
Her understanding of world events is always practical, never ideological. When Americans were protesting wars, she was confused. Why would they care about people so far away? Why invest emotionally in distant conflicts? It made no sense.
I explained how much of their earnings go to taxes — close to half, sometimes.
"Ah" she said, "that is why they are protesting." Once she understood that Americans were funding the wars with their own money, their outrage made perfect sense. It was not national security or moral idealism; it was financial logic.
All the same, when she watches Indian soap operas dubbed into Arabic, she forms totally different cultural connections. Watching a drama about family betrayal, she said: "Indians are like us. They feel shame when they do something wrong." She recognizes a shared heritage of family honor and emotional accountability. With Indians, she sees cultural kinship based on values -- again, not ideology.
Every month, she drives our domestic worker to the money transfer office. During the rides, the women share frustrations about husbands spending everything, extended families making endless demands, and the pressure to send every dirham (UAE currency) back home.
Her advice is always the same: Save your money. Build a home. Make the sacrifice worth it. She has seen the pattern: Women who save money end up building houses and educating their children. The ones who send everything home often find themselves starting over repeatedly, never able to break free. She even acts as a shield for our worker. When the pressure gets intense and she does not know what to say, my mother lets her use the excuse: "The lady I work for will not allow me to send money."
Her social circle includes women from social clubs, longtime neighbors, and fellow Arab homemakers from different nationalities. Their ties have lasted decades. They celebrate weddings and graduations, and support one another through funerals and family crises.
She drives wherever she wants to go, usually preferring the traditional desert roads to the busy highways. Her choice reflects her personality -- independent, taking the path that feels right rather than the one everyone else travels.
When young Emirati doctors come to our home to treat my grandmother, they always make the same mistake. They see me — in Western clothes, bilingual, outgoing — and assume I must be the one managing her care.
My mother, they soon find out, knows every detail. Every medication, every reaction, every preference. She coordinates doctor visits, advocates for her mother's wishes, and navigates the complexities of caring for an older woman who despises hospitals. When my grandmother insisted on getting a formal letter stating she would only be taken to the hospital in a genuine emergency, my mother made sure it was documented and legally binding.
"Ask my mother," I tell them. "She knows everything."
They are surprised. But they should not be.
Watching so many politicians talk about my mother's niqab, I do not see bad intentions. I see concern. People want to protect their culture. They worry that foreign customs might slowly replace their own. It is true of people in the West, as well, who might worry that people could be in their midst who wish to replace miniskirts with burqas.
This response is not prejudice. What people are picking up on — sometimes without knowing how to name it — is that people wish to protect what matters to them.
Panic, however, does not help. It hardens people and can push them to extremes. If the goal is to preserve Western heritage, what is needed is confidence: how one can protect a cultural heritage without apology.
This confidence probably begins with knowing what you are trying to protect. Some customs are spiritual, such as praying or fasting; others are tangible: things you can see and touch — passed down, worn, spoken, tasted, lived in.
It might mean knowing when, where and how which customs belong, and how to protect them without anxiety. Like church bells in Salzburg or kimonos in Kyoto, they belong to a place, and they deserve to be protected.
In the end, my mother's story is not really about the niqab. It is about how to stay rooted in a world that keeps shifting.
This means being yourself within the world as you find it, not demanding the world to change for you. That is the kind of wisdom we do not talk about enough.
**Sara Al Nuaimi is an Emirati who lives in Abu Dhabi. Follow her on X @saranuaimi.
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/21829/the-woman-behind-the-veil
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Seeking Regional Leaders with Sadat’s Vision
Michel Touma/This is Beirut/September 01/2025
Clothes do not make the man – a saying that fits today’s leaders of Iran’s radical factions, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and Tehran’s proxies in Iraq and Yemen. They issue routine inflammatory statements and adopt media stances that are often exaggerated, sometimes bordering on the absurd.
In response to the upheavals sweeping the region, they do not hesitate, in a hostile tone, to issue surreal threats against the United States, European countries, Israel, and even Gulf states. They may be trying to raise the stakes ahead of possible negotiations with Washington, but above all, they aim to project firmness and uncompromising resolve, while in reality exposing what could signal panic amid unfolding events.
This sense of panic is amplified by the growing isolation of hardliners within their own social circles. On the local stage, Hezbollah has virtually no allies left beyond Amal leader Nabih Berri, who, whenever possible, signals a certain distance from the course dictated by the mullahs in Tehran.
The near-isolation of radical factions is also evident within Iran itself. To underscore his differences with the Revolutionary Guards, President Masoud Pezeshkian recently stated that “internal divisions [in Tehran] pose a greater danger than the snapback mechanism,” triggered last week by the European troika – France, Germany and the United Kingdom – to revive United Nations sanctions imposed on Iran in 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2010 due to its persistent refusal to limit its nuclear program.
These internal divisions in Iran grew sharper in August with the emergence of the “Reform Front,” a coalition of around thirty parties, organizations and leading figures that released a roadmap calling for sweeping reforms and a profound shift in the regime’s policies, particularly on the nuclear issue and on relations with the West and Gulf states. The movement is especially critical of the mullahs, saying, “For 22 years, they have engaged in tactical negotiations with the West solely to buy time, without ever addressing the underlying issues.”
President Pezeshkian’s defiant stance, the emergence of the “Reform Front” and popular uprisings in several Iranian cities have contributed to somewhat isolating the Revolutionary Guards, who, for now, remain in control thanks to the brutal repression of dissent. Still, the growing opposition in Iran and Lebanon, not to mention Iraq, against the Pasdaran and Hezbollah reflects a deeper divide in political thinking and behavior. One camp bases its approach on irrationality, ideology and a rigid posture determined to confront the West, while the other exhibits pragmatism and clear-eyed awareness of the strategic realities at play. Such a divide between pragmatism and irrationality has long marked this part of the world. It was strikingly evident in 1993, when Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) leader Yasser Arafat committed decisively to the path of peace, while Israeli Prime Minister and Labor Party leader Yitzhak Rabin showed enough pragmatism and political courage to extend a hand to the PLO, which he had previously labeled a terrorist organization.
This dual leap forward gave full momentum to the 1993 Oslo process, which had been initiated on both sides by a small group of senior Palestinian and Israeli officials. The result was a historic peace agreement, which was ultimately undermined by the two de facto allies of the time: the Israeli right and Hamas, which today are locked in conflict in Gaza. Long before Arafat and Rabin, late Egyptian President Anwar Sadat took the historic step of traveling to Jerusalem in 1977 to address the Israeli Knesset directly, seeking to turn the page on the long-standing conflict with Israel. This move paved the way for the Israel-Egypt peace treaty signed in Washington in March 1979. At a press conference, Sadat explained the reasoning behind his initiative, demonstrating a remarkable degree of geopolitical pragmatism. He recalled that during the October 1973 war, he had sent a message to Syrian President Hafez Assad, explaining that he accepted a ceasefire with Israel because, in reality, he was effectively at war with the United States rather than with Israel. “The United States has been at war with me for ten days, and I am therefore not willing to risk the destruction of my people and my armed forces,” he told Assad.
To further underscore his pragmatism, President Sadat noted at the same press conference that he had visited the Soviet Union four times, in March and October 1971, and in February and April 1972. “Each time,” he explained, “Soviet leaders made it clear, without any ambiguity, that there was no question of challenging Israel’s borders.” In light of these historical facts, one conclusion is unavoidable: given today’s technological, military and intelligence balance, the leaders of the radical wing of the mullahs’ regime, as well as the leadership of Hezbollah and Hamas, must finally acknowledge that the Arab peoples need clear-sighted leaders of the caliber of Sadat or Arafat. For more than 75 years, people across the Arab world have endured, often unnecessarily, the hardships of successive, futile wars that offered neither resolution nor hope, preventing them from aspiring to a normal, peaceful life.

Slected X tweets For September 01/2025
Zéna Mansour
The persecution of Druze in Syria implies measures to protect their rights&well-being.
Traditional approach focusing on Justice-Equality may be insufficient. Radical solutions "Independence-Separation" might be required to prevent further conflict & ensure lasting peace. @POTUS

Maher Sharaf Eddine
Three Druze ninth-grade students were killed by the Damascus government during its terrorist forces' invasion of the Sweida governorate in southern Syria.The exam results for these three students were released yesterday, revealing their success and excellence.The terrorist Damascus government, which the United States wants to give a chance to, committed genocide against the #Druze in Sweida based on their religious affiliation.

Hussain Abdul-Hussain
Since none of the Hamas leaders who launched war on #Israel are alive today, can't whoever remained of Hamas release the Israeli hostages and end the war?