English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For March 15/2025
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

The Bulletin's Link on the lccc Site
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/aaaanewsfor2025/english.march15.25.htm

News Bulletin Achieves Since 2006
Click Here to enter the LCCC Arabic/English news bulletins Achieves since 2006 

Click On The Below Link To Join Eliasbejjaninews whatsapp group
https://chat.whatsapp.com/FPF0N7lE5S484LNaSm0MjW

اضغط على الرابط في أعلى للإنضمام لكروب Eliasbejjaninews whatsapp group

Elias Bejjani/Click on the below link to subscribe to my youtube channel
الياس بجاني/اضغط على الرابط في أسفل للإشتراك في موقعي ع اليوتيوب
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAOOSioLh1GE3C1hp63Camw

Bible Quotations For today
Remember those who are in prison, as though you were in prison with them; those who are being tortured, as though you yourselves were being tortured
“Letter to the Hebrews 12/28-29//13/01-09: “Therefore, since we are receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us give thanks, by which we offer to God an acceptable worship with reverence and awe; for indeed our God is a consuming fire. Let mutual love continue. Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for by doing that some have entertained angels without knowing it. Remember those who are in prison, as though you were in prison with them; those who are being tortured, as though you yourselves were being tortured. Let marriage be held in honour by all, and let the marriage bed be kept undefiled; for God will judge fornicators and adulterers. Keep your lives free from the love of money, and be content with what you have; for he has said, ‘I will never leave you or forsake you.’ So we can say with confidence, ‘The Lord is my helper; I will not be afraid. What can anyone do to me?’ Remember your leaders, those who spoke the word of God to you; consider the outcome of their way of life, and imitate their faith. Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and for ever. Do not be carried away by all kinds of strange teachings; for it is well for the heart to be strengthened by grace, not by regulations about food, which have not benefited those who observe them.”

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on March 14-15/2025
Are the Syrian Druze Left with Only Two Choices: Sharia Law and Ibn Taymiyyah’s Fatwas, or Israel’s Protection?/Elias Bejjani/March 15/ 2025
May the Curse Be Upon the Political Parties and Officials Who Betrayed the Cedar Revolution and Sold Out the March 14 Coalition/Elias Bejjan/March 14/ 2025
The Muslim Brotherhood and the Ottomans rule Syria/Elias Bejjani/March 13/2025
Political Islam Is A Constant Threat of Deception and War/Elias Bejjani/March 12/2025
Video Interview with Former Minister Youssef Salameh – Transparency Website
Israeli airstrikes target Hezbollah assets and personnel in south Lebanon
David Daoud/FDD's Long War Journal/March 14/2025
Normalization between Lebanon and Israel is now possible/Hanin Ghaddar/X site/March 14/2025
Israel says hit Hezbollah arms facility in Beqaa strike
Netanyahu says Israel 'won't give up' 5 hills in Lebanon
Katz says Israelis to stay on 5 hills despite any border talks
Is Lebanon on the brink of normalizing ties with Israel?
Lebanese Govt Completes Security Appointments Based on ‘Experience and Competence
Lebanon pushes social safety net plan
Senior official says ceiling of any talks with Israel is 1949 agreement
Salam stresses need for reform and 'regaining war and peace decisions'
Berri says Lebanon will never give up 'any inch of land'
US Embassy delegation tours Lebanese-Israeli border
Who is Haykal, Lebanon's new army chief?
IMF welcomes new govt request for help on ailing economy

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published  on March 14-15/2025
Mark Carney sworn in as Canada's prime minister, now faces Trump tariffs
Syrian foreign minister visits Iraq, calls for reopening of border
Head of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria has been killed, Iraqi prime minister says
Druze Religious Elders from Syria Make Visit to Israel
Dozens of Syrian Druze make rare visit to Israeli-controlled Golan Heights
Qatar Will Send Natural Gas to Syria to Increase Its Meager Electricity Supply
White House says Hamas making ‘very bad bet’ in Gaza talks
Hamas Says It Will Release a US-Israeli Hostage and 4 Bodies, but Israel Expresses Immediate Doubt
US and Israel look to Africa for resettling Palestinians uprooted from Gaza
Israeli Settlers Attack West Bank Village, Residents Say
Hamas says will free US-Israeli hostage to keep ceasefire talks rolling
Turkish top officials make sudden trip to Damascus
Putin tells Ukraine troops in Russian region to ‘surrender’
Kremlin Says Putin Sent Trump a Message on Ukraine Ceasefire Idea, Talks of 'Cautious Optimism'
Iran’s Rulers Caught Between Trump’s Crackdown and a Fragile Economy
UN report warns Iran is stepping up electronic surveillance of women to enforce headscarf laws
Iran using drones and apps to enforce women's dress code

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources  on March 14-15/2025
Massacres in Syria Expose New President’s Struggle to Govern/Ahmad Sharawi/FDD/March 14/2025
Peace or no peace, America can and should arm Ukraine/Bradley Bowman and Ryan Brobst/Defence News/March 14/2025
Two French Ghosts and President Macron/Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
Tehran and the Multiplicity of Mediators/Mustafa Fahs/Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
Question: “What are the Ten Commandments?”/GotQuestions.org/March 14/2025
All eyes on Putin for next step to Ukraine peace/Luke Coffey/Arab News/March 15, 2025

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published  on March 14-15/2025
Are the Syrian Druze Left with Only Two Choices: Sharia Law and Ibn Taymiyyah’s Fatwas, or Israel’s Protection?
Elias Bejjani/March 15/ 2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/03/141227/
There is no doubt that the Syrian Druze now face a stark and existential choice: submission to the rule of Sharia law, political Islam, and the fatwas of Ibn Taymiyyah under Ahmad Al-Charaa’s regime, or seeking the protection of the State of Israel? In such a dilemma, their survival and future dictate only one logical path—aligning with Israel. Meanwhile, let the acrobat Walid Jumblatt continue his empty rhetoric of Arabism and resistance and indulging in his endless theatrics to his heart’s content.


May the Curse Be Upon the Political Parties and Officials Who Betrayed the Cedar Revolution and Sold Out the March 14 Coalition
Elias Bejjan/March 14/ 2025
On the anniversary of the March 14 uprising, we bow in reverence to the souls of the righteous, sovereign, and heroic martyrs who sacrificed everything for Lebanon’s freedom. Yet, their noble sacrifices were shamelessly betrayed by mercenary Lebanese leaders, officials, and politicians who sold out the Cedar Revolution and the March 14 Coalition. These opportunists disgraced the martyrs’ legacy by crawling into the Trojan presidential deal with the occupier—the Iranian terrorist militia, Hezbollah.
History will forever brand these political dwarfs with humiliation and contempt. If remembered at all, it will only be with disgrace. They will rot in history’s dustbin, condemned for their treachery. Driven by greed and blinded by selfish ambition, they succumbed to the temptations of power, betraying the very cause for which so many gave their lives. They bartered away Lebanon’s sovereignty, the people’s revolution, and the blood of the martyrs for authority and personal gain. Their betrayal was a direct insult to those who paid the ultimate price for freedom.
Because of their shortsightedness, narcissism, and servility, Hezbollah has entrenched its full control over Lebanon. This heinous betrayal led to Lebanon’s downfall—stripping it of its role, its message, and its sovereignty, and surrendering it to Iranian occupation.
Yet, despite their treachery, the true spirit of March 14 remains alive. It thrives in the hearts, minds, and consciences of the free and sovereign Lebanese people. It is only dead in the corrupted hearts of the political parties, officials, and politicians who betrayed it—those who traded Lebanon’s sovereignty for personal benefits and power.
In times of darkness and oppression, the people of March 14 are a national necessity. When submission and surrender dominate, the spirit of March 14 is the answer. And in an era of deceit, cowardice, and the fraudulent rhetoric of so-called "political realism," the people of March 14 have unmasked the Trojans, exposing their lies and disgrace.
Even as self-interest prevails over national duty, the principles and values of March 14 endure. While the blood of the martyrs is disregarded by the traitors, the true March 14 faithful will never forget their sacrifices nor allow their cause to be sold. In this era of betrayal, where Lebanon’s fate is dictated by Trojans, scribes, and Pharisees dragging the nation into ruin, the presence of the people of March 14 is essential. As corrupt politicians lose their moral compass, abandoning the ideals of freedom and dignity, the goals and struggles of March 14 remain the foundation, the solution, and the cornerstone of Lebanon’s salvation. In the end, the spirit of March 14 is not just a memory—it is a burning force that will continue to inspire resistance, unite the free, and reignite the fight for Lebanon’s liberation.

The Muslim Brotherhood and the Ottomans rule Syria
Elias Bejjani/March 13/2025
May God help the Syrian people, regardless of their sectarian and regional background. They have been rid of a criminal, chemical-weapon regime and are now afflicted with another Brotherhood-aligned, abolitionist regime that is creating a jihadist Islamic constitution dating back 1,400 years. This is political Islam par excellence.


Political Islam Is A Constant Threat of Deception and War
Elias Bejjani/March 12/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/03/141141/
Political Islam, both Sunni and Shia, poses a serious and ongoing threat to any society it seeks to control. In its ideology, the world is divided into two categories: Dar al-Islam (House of Islam)—where Islamic rule is established, and Dar al-Harb (House of War)—where all means, including deception and violence, are justified to bring it under Islamic rule.
This is not just a theoretical belief; it is a deeply rooted strategy followed by jihadist movements. A key historical example is the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, which Prophet Muhammad signed with the Jewish tribes when he was weak, only to break it once he gained enough power. Today, this same tactic is used by Islamist movements, whether Sunni—such as the Muslim Brotherhood, Al-Qaeda, Hamas, and Boko Haram—or Shia—led by Iran and its armed proxies in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Yemen.
History Repeats Itself: Political Islam and the Hudaybiyyah Strategy
When Prophet Muhammad signed the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, his goal was to buy time until he could grow stronger. As soon as the balance of power shifted in his favor, he broke the agreement and attacked his former allies. This strategy remains a core principle of political Islam today. It is the foundation of Taqiyya, the Islamic practice of deception, where agreements are made only to be abandoned when power is secured.
A modern example of this Hudaybiyyah strategy is Iran’s nuclear deal with the West. When Iran signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2015, it used Taqiyya to deceive the international community.
The Iranian regime presented itself as a responsible actor willing to limit its nuclear ambitions in exchange for economic relief. However, from the beginning, Iran never intended to fully comply. Instead, it used the deal to buy time, expand its regional influence, develop its ballistic missile program, and secretly advance its nuclear capabilities. The moment Iran felt strong enough, it openly violated the agreement, accelerating uranium enrichment and defying Western sanctions. Just like Muhammad’s Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, Iran’s nuclear deal was nothing more than a temporary truce—meant to be broken once the regime gained the upper hand.
Sunni and Shia Political Islam:
Two Sides of the Same Coin
There is no fundamental difference between Sunni and Shia political Islam. Both operate under the same principles of expansion and domination. Iran, the main force behind Shia political Islam, never views treaties as permanent. Instead, it uses them to expand its control—whether through so-called “settlements” in Lebanon and Syria or by infiltrating governments in Iraq and Yemen. Likewise, Sunni Islamist movements, such as the Muslim Brotherhood and Al-Nusra Front, follow the same method: they negotiate, they deceive, and then they strike when the time is right.
Ahmad al-Sharaa’s Agreements in Syria: A Repeat of the Hudaybiyyah Deception
Ahmad al-Sharaa, formerly known as Abu Mohammad al-Joulani, has become a key figure in political Islam thanks to Turkish and Qatari support, combined with Western naïveté. As an Islamist ideologue and a firm believer in the Hudaybiyyah strategy, his agreements with various ethnic and sectarian groups—such as the Kurds, Druze, and others in Syria—should not be mistaken for genuine peace efforts. Sharaa views his current agreements as temporary tools to consolidate power and the moment he feels strong enough, he will turn against his so-called partners, enforcing his Islamist rule through force and intimidation.
History offers countless examples of Islamist movements using deception to gain power before betraying their agreements. Iran did the same with its nuclear deal, and Hamas has done the same in every ceasefire it signed before resuming its attacks. Sharaa is no different. Those who trust his agreements are either unaware of history or deliberately choosing to ignore it.
The future of Syria under Sharaa is clear: any agreement he signs today will be meaningless tomorrow. He is an extremist who sees Syria not as a nation, but as a battlefield for Islamic rule. Those who believe they can coexist with him under negotiated settlements will soon learn the hard lesson that jihadist ideology does not recognize permanent peace—only temporary truces that are broken when the time is right.
The Final Message: No Middle Ground with Political Islam
No agreement with Islamist movements—whether Sunni or Shia—can be trusted. These groups follow the Hudaybiyyah strategy and practice Taqiyya, meaning they will make deals when they are weak and break them when they are strong. Iran’s nuclear deal is just another proof that political Islam cannot be contained with diplomacy. History is clear, and recent events confirm that these groups understand only one language: the language of power. Any compromise with them is not a step toward peace but a step toward future war and destruction.
*The author, Elias Bejjani, is a Lebanese expatriate activist
Author’s Email: Phoenicia@hotmail.com
Author’s Website: https://eliasbejjaninews.com

 Video Interview with Former Minister Youssef Salameh – Transparency Website
A historical review of Lebanon’s suffering since the 1970s, exposing Iran’s destabilizing role in the region. Tehran’s strategy of using intimidation to push Arab nations toward recognizing and normalizing ties with Israel has now run its course.
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/03/141205/
Main topics of the interview
*Lebanon must seize the opportunity of Trump’s tenure—he is sympathetic to our cause—to negotiate better terms for peace with Israel.
*Peace is inevitable—driven by American determination and an emerging Arab consensus.
*Lebanese officials must abandon their lies, narcissism, and self-serving agendas. National interest must come first, and honesty with the people is paramount.
*Hezbollah’s existence in Lebanon is directly tied to the Lebanese people’s rejection of peace with Israel. Until peace is accepted, Hezbollah will persist.
*Tarek Mitri’s stance on the Damour massacre exposes his true colors. The blame falls on those who appointed him. His position strips him of any claim of pro Lebanese dignity or affliation.
*Dignity is the foundation of all righteous action. Unfortunately, political discourse in Lebanon is plagued by petty slander and cheap opportunism.
*Israel freed Lebanon from the PLO, and now it has liberated it from Iranian occupation. It is Lebanon’s turn to move forward and embrace peace. Nothing in politics comes without expectations.
*A national uprising is necessary—to shatter deception, reject “dhimmitude,” and uphold dignity.
*No reconstruction is possible as long as weapons rule the country. How long will Nabih Berri continue gambling with the fate of his community? He must submit to the equation of peace and end his obstructionist tactics.
*Lebanon’s tragedy is that its people worship their executioners.
*Every major assassination in Lebanon happened with international approval—including Tony Franjieh’s, orchestrated by the Assad regime in Syria.

Israeli airstrikes target Hezbollah assets and personnel in south Lebanon
David Daoud/ | FDD's Long War Journal/March 14/2025
Israel conducted several airstrikes in south Lebanon on Tuesday, March 11, targeting Hezbollah assets and personnel.
The first strike, carried out by an Israeli drone, was reported at 1:22 pm by Lebanon’s National News Agency (NNA Lebanon). The NNA report said the Israeli drone struck a car traveling on the route identified variously as the road between Roumine and Wadi Deir al Zahrani, or the road between the latter area and Houmine al Fawqa in south Lebanon. Per the Lebanese Health Ministry, this strike killed at least one person whose identity was not confirmed.
However, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) later released a statement saying the strike “near Nabatiyeh in south Lebanon” targeted Hassan Abbas Izzeldine, whom it identified as the operative responsible for aerial defense in Hezbollah’s “Badr” Unit.
“Hassan Abbas was a highly knowledgeable figure in Hezbollah’s aerial defense array, leading efforts to restore the group’s aerial defense array after it suffered significant damage in fighting with the IDF,” according to the IDF. The Israeli military’s statement added, “Hassan Abbas continued these efforts in recent months, including advancing attempts by Hezbollah’s aerial defense array to acquire new weapons, which pose a direct threat to Israeli aircraft.”
If the IDF’s allegations are accurate, Hassan Abbas’s activities constitute a significant violation of the November 27, 2024, ceasefire deal between Israel and Lebanon, though the area where Izzeldine was killed—and where he was presumably operating—was north of the Litani River. The deal, building off Lebanon’s default obligations under international law and reinforced by bilateral agreements and UN Security Council resolutions, also requires Lebanon to seal its borders and entry points to weapons, arms, and related materiel destined for Hezbollah.
As of the time of this writing, Hezbollah and its affiliated media have not released a statement on Hassan Abbas Izzeldine’s fate.
The second set of strikes, also carried out by an Israeli drone, occurred between approximately 2:55 pm and 3:15 pm between the locales of Froun, Kfarsir, and Srifa, according to NNA Lebanon. The strikes targeted a van that was in the area.
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) later released a statement on these strikes, saying it had identified “several terrorists in a site previously used by Hezbollah, near Froun in south Lebanon.” According to the statement, the IDF’s Northern Command then directed Israeli aircraft to strike the terrorists. Per the Lebanese Health Ministry, this set of strikes killed at least one person whose identity was not confirmed.
However, Hezbollah-affiliated accounts identified two of the group’s operatives as having been killed that day by the Israeli strikes.
The first was Mustafa Mahmoud Naim, whose nom de guerre is Yassir, from the town of Sanaa in south Lebanon. Naim is to be buried today in his village of Sanaa.
The second fighter identified as being killed that day was Hassan Ali Haidar, nom de guerre Shahid, from the town of Tibnine in south Lebanon. He is set to be buried on Thursday in his home village of Tibnine.
**David Daoud is Senior Fellow at at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies where he focuses on Israel, Hezbollah, and Lebanon affairs.
https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2025/03/israeli-airstrikes-target-hezbollah-assets-and-personnel-in-south-lebanon.php

Normalization between Lebanon and Israel is now possible
Hanin Ghaddar/X site/March 14/2025
Normalization between Lebanon and Israel is now possible! The most important part is that the discussion has moved from the private to the public sphere - to move things in the right direction, three issues need to be resolved:
1- The Military Court in Lebanon should no longer be allowed to try civilians. This is a travesty.
2- The General Security should no longer be allowed the right to interrogate citizens based on a complaint (usually by Hezbollah or other thugs). This institutions uses what is called (الاخضاع) to target anyone they want, holding them for hours or days under extensive interrogation and terrorization - only because a non-state actor asked.
3- The archaic laws that forbid Lebanese to communicate with Israelis should be changed (that is, eliminated) asap. There's no justification to keep them in a globalized world where Lebanese and Israelis already work and live together in many countries, including a number of Arab states.

Israel says hit Hezbollah arms facility in Beqaa strike
Agence France Presse/March 14/2025
The Israeli military said it carried out a strike on a Hezbollah weapons facility in eastern Lebanon on Thursday. "A short while ago, the IDF (military) conducted a strike on infrastructure at a site used by Hezbollah for manufacturing and storing strategic weapons in the Beqaa area in Lebanon," the military said in a statement.

Netanyahu says Israel 'won't give up' 5 hills in Lebanon
Naharnet/March 14/2025
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said that Israel "will not give up" the five hills deemed "strategic" it occupies in south Lebanon. "We maintain five points on the Lebanese side of the border to protect our territory," Netanyahu said, adding: "We will not relinquish control" of the five sites. "Last week, we killed five Hezbollah members for violating the ceasefire agreement we seek to implement firmly," he added. Netanyahu also used his speech to criticize Yair Lapid, the Israeli opposition leader and centrist who oversaw a historic agreement in 2022 with Lebanon. "Lapid was defeated by Hezbollah and ceded land to it," Netanyahu said, referring to the offshore gas deal between Israel and Lebanon. Earlier in the day, Lapid said in an interview with Israeli media that the same politicians who criticized the agreement delineating maritime borders and coastal rights were now negotiating a far more significant pact, calling these apparent contradictions "comical." On Tuesday, the Israeli prime minister's office announced that discussions with Lebanon will be launched through three "working groups" to resolve outstanding issues such as land border demarcation, the five occupied hills and the release of Israeli-held Lebanese captives.

Katz says Israelis to stay on 5 hills despite any border talks

Naharnet/March 14/2025
Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz has said that Israeli forces will stay on the five occupied hills in south Lebanon indefinitely, regardless of any negotiations on disputed border points. In an assessment of the situation Thursday with army chief Eyal Zamir and senior army generals, Katz clarified that the military will remain at the five points indefinitely, for “the benefit of protecting the residents of the north” and “without any connection to future negotiations on points of dispute on the border.”He instructed the army to “strengthen and consolidate” the Israeli hold on the outposts and to prepare for an “extended stay” there. “In addition, the IDF (Israeli army) is to continue with powerful and uncompromising enforcement against any Hezbollah violation or attempt to establish itself,” Katz added. A statement from the office of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Tuesday that representatives of the Israeli and Lebanese armies, the U.S. and France agreed during a meeting of the ceasefire committee in Naqoura to "establish three joint working groups aimed at stabilizing the region."
"These groups will focus on the five points controlled by Israel in southern Lebanon, discussions on the Blue Line and remaining disputed areas, and the issue of Lebanese detainees held by Israel," the statement added.

Is Lebanon on the brink of normalizing ties with Israel?

Naharnet/March 14/2025
As Lebanon negotiates sticking points with Israel after a 13-months-long war that ended with Israeli troops occupying five "strategic hills" in south Lebanon and frequent violations of a ceasefire reached in late November, the topic of normalizing relations with Israel have come to the spotlight. But will negotiations eventually lead to normalization? An Israeli political source said that Israel wants to reach normalization with Lebanon. "We and the Americans think that this is possible after the changes that have occurred in Lebanon," the source told Israel’s Channel 12.
Lebanon for its part said the negotiations with Israel are "indirect", but Deputy Prime Minister Tarek Mitri hinted that Israel is trying to drag Lebanon into "direct negotiations." Both Metri and Information Minister Paul Morkos said that Lebanon would not normalize with Israel.
Metri said Lebanon did not receive a direct call to sign a peace accord with Israel, but that there is pressure on some politicians and an unofficial push in the U.S. to pressure Lebanon into normalizing relations with Israel.
LF says normalization not an option -
Lebanese Forces sources said that Hezbollah started using the term "normalization" in its media after Pro-Hezbollah al-Akhbar newspaper warned that the U.S. is "dragging Lebanon into peace negotiations." A source of the Lebanese Forces party told al-Joumhouria newspaper, in remarks published Friday, that no Arab country can normalize with Israel before a Palestinian state is established. "Normalization is not an option for us," the source said, adding that the U.S. has called for the implementation of 1701, and not for normalization. What is being proposed is a return to the 1949 Armistice Agreement - which ended the hostilities of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the LF source and a senior Lebanese official said.
What are the negotiations about? -
Deputy U.S. Special Envoy for Middle East Morgan Ortagus said earlier this week that the U.S. will be "bringing together Lebanon and Israel for talks aimed at diplomatically resolving several outstanding issues between the two countries" - the release of Lebanese prisoners, the remaining disputed points along the Blue Line, and the remaining 5 points where Israeli forces are still deployed. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that representatives of the Israeli and Lebanese armies, the U.S. and France have agreed during a meeting of the ceasefire committee in Naqoura to "establish three joint working groups" aimed at resolving the three outstanding issues.
"Everything that is being said about these groups being a prelude to normalization is baseless," sources told Beirut-based pan-Arab TV station Al Mayadeen. Lebanon will not engage in any "direct" negotiations with Israel, the sources said.
Past negotiations
In 2022, Lebanon and Israel separately signed copies of a U.S.-mediated sea border deal after months of indirect talks. Israel's then Prime Minister Yair Lapid claimed that the deal meant Lebanon de facto "recognizes the State of Israel, in a written agreement," but Lebanon and Hezbollah said the signing did not signal a recognition of Israel or a normalization of ties. After several Arab-Israeli wars, Egypt was the first Arab state to recognize Israel diplomatically in 1979. It was followed by Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan. In October 2023, Saudi Arabia suspended talks on the possible normalization of relations with Israel, following the Israeli war on Gaza.

Lebanese Govt Completes Security Appointments Based on ‘Experience and Competence

Beirut: Asharq Al Awsat/March 14/2025
The Lebanese government has finalized military and security appointments in a single move, selecting candidates based on “experience and competence,” according to Minister of Information Paul Morcos. The new appointments include Brigadier General Rodolphe Haikal as Commander of the Army, following his promotion to the rank of “General”; Brigadier General Hassan Choucair as Director General of General Security, after being promoted to “Major General”; Brigadier General Raed Abdullah as Director General of the Internal Security Forces, also after his promotion to “Major General”; and Brigadier General Edgar Lawand as Director General of State Security, following his elevation to “Major General.” Additionally, Brigadier General Mourched Hajj Sleiman has been appointed Deputy Director General of State Security. Morcos emphasized that these military and security appointments were made based on experience and competence, adding: “We, in the Council of Ministers, work with great precision, ensuring strict adherence to standards and qualifications.”President Joseph Aoun stated that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) delegation “stressed the urgent need to appoint a new Governor of the Central Bank of Lebanon and highlighted the importance of passing banking secrecy legislation, which still requires further amendments, as well as restructuring the banking sector.” During the cabinet session, Aoun briefed the government on his meeting with a delegation from the IMF, revealing that “a committee has been formed, chaired by the Minister of Finance and including the Minister of Economy, the acting Governor of the Central Bank, two advisors, and the Prime Minister’s advisor, Lamia Moubayed, to follow up on the issues raised by the delegation.”The president added: “The IMF underscored the importance of reaching an agreement with the Fund before the summer, given previous unsuccessful attempts, and stressed the need for cooperation among all relevant Lebanese authorities.”“The key to restoring confidence in Lebanon—both domestically and internationally—is implementing economic, banking, and financial reforms,” he remarked. The IMF delegation also reiterated the necessity of appointing a new Central Bank Governor and establishing a centralized data center for all sections of the Ministry of Finance. Furthermore, they stressed the need to pass two key laws: one addressing banking secrecy, which still requires additional amendments despite recent changes, and another focused on restructuring the banking sector. Regarding recent developments in Syria, Aoun stated that security agencies, along with the Ministries of Interior and Defense, are closely monitoring the situation to ensure full readiness. He also announced that following the release of four Lebanese prisoners previously detained by Israel during the recent conflict, “the fifth prisoner was released on Thursday as a result of indirect negotiations.”
Army Commander
Army Commander General Rodolphe Haikal enlisted as an officer cadet and joined the Military Academy in 1990. He steadily rose through the ranks and held various assignments before being appointed in 2023 as Commander of the South Litani Sector along the border with Israel. Since the summer of 2024, he has served as Director of Operations in the Army Staff for Operations.

Lebanon pushes social safety net plan
NAJIA HOUSSARI/Arab News/March 14, 2025
BEIRUT: Lebanon’s Prime Minister Nawaf Salam said on Friday the government’s top priority is to restore confidence in the country by prioritizing social policies and economic reforms. The remarks came at an expanded meeting at the Grand Serail, Salam’s official residence, on social safety nets in Lebanon, under the theme “The Next Phase of Reform.”The event, organized by Social Affairs Minister Haneen Sayed, drew numerous diplomats and officials from UN-affiliated agencies.
Salam underscored Lebanon’s profound ongoing social crisis, saying stability could not be maintained without addressing social issues. He said poverty rates were already high before the recent war between Israel and Hezbollah, reaching a nationwide 44 percent.
Young children are the most vulnerable, with their poverty rates surging to unprecedented levels. The prime minister added that food insecurity and limited access to healthcare remain significant risks. In a statement, his government committed to establishing a comprehensive social protection system and to increase social spending.
According to the proposals, the government — through the Ministry of Social Affairs — will implement the National Social Protection Strategy. This involves strengthening social safety nets, including for those in poverty and needing disability support programs. The government said it aims to ensure adequate healthcare coverage for the most vulnerable through primary healthcare centers, secure the minimum educational requirements for children and adolescents in public schools and vocational institutions, and support the poor in integrating into the labor market through economic inclusion programs. Salam, who previously pledged that his government was committed to implementing reforms, reiterated on Friday his desire first to enact change in the National Social Security Fund. “We are committed to ensuring the highest levels of transparency and accountability in our programs,” he said. Currently, social assistance covers only 55 percent of Lebanon’s poor. Approximately 800,000 Lebanese, or 166,000 families, receive support through the Aman program. Around 20,000 people with disabilities benefit from a cash allowance program, and approximately 170,000 people receive emergency cash assistance. Social Affairs Minister Sayed stated that her ministry aims to “expand direct cash support, strengthen ties with social services, build institutional capacity and infrastructure, and enhance coordination and system alignment.”
She added: “Due to the rising poverty rates following the recent war, the poor are facing severe food insecurity, malnutrition, and limited access to healthcare. “Children under the age of 5 are at the greatest risk, suffering from alarmingly high poverty rates and receiving the least coverage through social safety nets.”Under the slogan “The government’s commitment to increasing social protection spending from the state budget,” Sayyed announced the launch of the reform workshop in collaboration with the prime minister’s office.
Her ministry will also activate the Social Safety Net Task Force to enhance collaboration among ministries and partners, improve internal systems, and upgrade development service centers. It will also propose a Social Safety Nets Law to ensure the long-term viability of the reform efforts. In a related move, Health Minister Rakan Nasreddine introduced the “Aqwa” program (Arabic for “stronger”) in collaboration with UNICEF. This program aims to provide support and care for children who were injured during the recent war in southern Lebanon. It will be implemented in partnership with the International Network for Aid Relief and Assistance and the Ghassan Abu Sittah Children’s Fund. According to the Health Ministry, around 1,500 children have sustained severe and moderate injuries, many of whom require reconstructive surgeries and ongoing mental healthcare. Nasreddine emphasized the immense suffering of these children, highlighting both the number and the severity of their injuries. He underscored that the launch of the program is a testament to the government’s unwavering commitment to rebuilding everything that the war has destroyed, both in terms of infrastructure and human lives. “The program goes beyond traditional surgical interventions to encompass mental health services, physical therapy, and reconstructive surgeries, among other critical care for children under 18,” he added. At the end of last February, UNICEF released a report revealing the devastating impact of the recent war on children, which affected almost every aspect of their lives. Many urgently require support to heal, rebuild their lives, and cope with the lasting effects of this conflict, the UN body said.

Senior official says ceiling of any talks with Israel is 1949 agreement
Naharnet/March 14/2025
The ceiling of any indirect Lebanese negotiations with Israel will be the 1949 Armistice Agreement and any talks will be aimed at addressing the disputed border points and Israel’s withdrawal from the five occupied hills, a senior Lebanese official said.
“Lebanon’s concern during this period is focused on two issues: ending the Israeli occupation in a full manner, addressing the 13 disputed points … and building the reconstruction process for the residents who were displaced from the border towns,” the official told Kuwait’s al-Anbaa newspaper. A statement from the office of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Tuesday that representatives of the Israeli and Lebanese armies, the U.S. and France agreed during a meeting of the ceasefire committee in Naqoura to "establish three joint working groups aimed at stabilizing the region." "These groups will focus on the five points controlled by Israel in southern Lebanon, discussions on the Blue Line and remaining disputed areas, and the issue of Lebanese detainees held by Israel," the statement added. An Israeli political source said Wednesday that "the discussions are part of a broad and comprehensive plan."“The Prime Minister's policy has already changed the Middle East, and we want to continue the momentum and reach normalization with Lebanon. Just as Lebanon has claims regarding the borders, so do we. We will discuss these matters," the source told Israel’s Channel 12. "We and the Americans think that this is possible after the changes that have occurred in Lebanon," the source said. The United States announced Tuesday that it will be “bringing together Lebanon and Israel for talks aimed at diplomatically resolving several outstanding issues between the two countries.”

Salam stresses need for reform and 'regaining war and peace decisions'
Naharnet/March 14/2025
Prime Minister Nawaf Salam has noted that his government’s top priorities are reform and “the state’s regaining of the war and peace decisions.”“The state should monopolize arms and it has a duty to extend its authority across its territory with its own forces, as stipulated by the Taif Agreement,” Salam said at an iftar banquet at the Grand Serail. “The continuation of the Israeli occupation of sites in our south represents an attack on our sovereignty and territorial integrity and a violation of Resolution 1701, to which we are fully committed and are implementing. It is also a breach of the cessation of hostilities arrangements that were approved by the previous government in November,” Salam added. “In the face of that, we are continuing the deployment of our national army, enhancing our cooperation with the U.N. Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), and boosting our political and diplomatic efforts to rally Arab and international support to press Israel to withdraw from the rest of Lebanese land,” the PM explained. He also called for the rise of an independent judicial authority, protecting the judiciary from political interference, finding a fair solution for the depositors’ crisis, restructuring the banking sector, moving to a state of citizenship and renegotiating with the International Monetary Fund.

Berri says Lebanon will never give up 'any inch of land'

Naharnet/March 14/2025
Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri said Friday that Lebanon won’t accept to give up any inch of its land "under no circumstances", following remarks by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that Israeli forces will remain on five hills in south Lebanon.
"Lebanon will resort to all possible means to protect its sovereign rights and liberate the land from Israeli occupation," Berri said, adding that preserving Lebanon and the south is a comprehensive national responsibility and must be a point of unity. "If we are united we can overcome any challenge." Netanyahu had said Thursday that Israel "will not give up" the five "strategic" hills it occupies in south Lebanon. "We maintain five points on the Lebanese side of the border to protect our territory," Netanyahu said, adding: "We will not relinquish control" of the five sites. Deputy U.S. Special Envoy for Middle East Morgan Ortagus said earlier this week that the U.S. will be "bringing together Lebanon and Israel for talks aimed at diplomatically resolving several outstanding issues between the two countries." The issues that will be discussed are the remaining 5 points where Israeli forces are still deployed, the release of Lebanese prisoners, and the remaining disputed points along the Blue Line. A ceasefire reached in late November ceasefire required Hezbollah to withdraw north of the Litani River and to dismantle any remaining military infrastructure in the south. Israel was meant to withdraw completely from Lebanese territory by February 18, but it has kept troops at five locations it deems strategic.

US Embassy delegation tours Lebanese-Israeli border

Naharnet/March 14/2025
A senior delegation from the U.S. Embassy in Beirut on Friday toured the eastern sector of Lebanon’s southern border with Israel, the National News Agency said. The delegation was accompanied by the commander of the Lebanese Army’s Seventh Brigade, Brig. Gen. Tony Fares. “They inspected the measures that the Lebanese Army is taking in the border towns and the magnitude of destruction left behind by the occupation army in most of the sector’s towns,” NNA added.

Who is Haykal, Lebanon's new army chief?

Agence France Presse/March 14/2025
Lebanon named a new head of the armed forces Thursday to succeed Joseph Aoun, who was appointed president earlier this year. "Brigadier General Rodolphe Haykal was named commander in chief of the armed forces," Minister of Information Paul Morcos said after a cabinet meeting, also confirming a number of other security appointments. Haykal, 56, was made the army's chief of operations last June, having previously served as the commander of the army sector south of the Litani River, according to the army's website. That area bore the brunt of Israeli strikes during more than a year of hostilities with Hezbollah that ended with a November 27 ceasefire. Haykal is expected to play a key role in the implementation of the ceasefire agreement, a security source told AFP, adding that he was Aoun's favored candidate for the post.
The November ceasefire required Hezbollah to withdraw north of the Litani River, about 30 kilometers from the border, and to dismantle any remaining military infrastructure in the south. Israel was meant to withdraw completely from Lebanese territory by February 18, but it has kept troops at five locations it deems strategic.Hezbollah did not object to Haykal's nomination, the source said. Morcos on Thursday also announced the appointment of the heads of the internal security, general security and state security apparatuses. He also announced the approval of the defense ministry's request to recruit 4,500 soldiers to reinforce troops in the south, where the army is deploying alongside UN peacekeepers as part of the ceasefire agreement.

IMF welcomes new govt request for help on ailing economy

Agence France Presse/March 14/2025
The International Monetary Fund on Thursday welcomed the new Lebanese government's request for support in addressing severe economic challenges. Lebanon in January elected a new president after a more than two-year vacuum, and then formed a government led by Prime Minister Nawaf Salam. In February the IMF said it was open to a new loan agreement with the country following discussions with its recently-appointed finance minister. The previous caretaker administration did not enact reforms the IMF had demanded to implement a loan package to save the collapsed economy. The world lender "welcomed the authorities' request for a new IMF-supported program to bolster their efforts in addressing Lebanon's significant economic challenges", the IMF said in a statement. "Lebanon's economy remains severely depressed, and poverty and unemployment are exceptionally high since the 2019 crisis," said Ernesto Ramirez Rigo, the head of the IMF's delegation to Lebanon. Lebanon's economic crisis has pushed most of the population below the poverty line, according to the United Nations. International donors including the IMF have called on the Lebanese authorities to implement major reforms, including restructuring the banking sector, in order to unlock funding. In April 2022, Lebanon and the IMF reached conditional agreement on a $3-billion-dollar loan package but painful reforms that the 46-month financing program would require have not been undertaken. Ramirez Rigo pointed to positive steps including the stabilization of the dollar exchange rate and reduced inflation. But he said these were "insufficient to address the ongoing economic, financial, and social challenges". "A comprehensive strategy for economic rehabilitation is critical to restore growth, reduce unemployment, and improve social conditions," he continued. "The banking sector collapse continues to hamper economic activity and provision of credit, with depositors unable to access their funds," Ramirez Rigo said. He moreover pointed to substantial infrastructure and housing needs resulting from the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, which ended with a November 27 ceasefire.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published  on March 14-15/2025
Mark Carney sworn in as Canada's prime minister, now faces Trump tariffs
Promit Mukherjee and David Ljunggren/OTTAWA (Reuters)/March 14, 2025
Ex-central banker Mark Carney was formally sworn in as prime minister of Canada on Friday, putting him in a position to fight tariffs from U.S. President Donald Trump that could devastate the trade-dependent Canadian economy. In the presence of Governor General Mary Simon, the personal representative of King Charles, who is Canada's head of state, Carney took the oath of office. He reshaped his cabinet with a view to dealing with Washington, and cut several ministerial positions that he inherited from his predecessor, Justin Trudeau. Finance Minister Dominic LeBlanc is moving to the international trade portfolio and will be replaced by current Innovation Minister Francois-Philippe Champagne. Foreign Minister Melanie Joly stays in her post. "We're building a government that meets the moment. Canadians expect action — and that's what this team will deliver," Carney said in a post on X. "A smaller, experienced cabinet that moves faster, secures our economy, and protects Canada's future." He is due to address reporters later in the day. The moment capped a momentous rise for the 59-year-old, who becomes the first Canadian prime minister without any serious political experience. Carney plans to travel to London and Paris next week, said a diplomat aware of the plans. Canada has sought to shore up alliances in Europe as its relations with the United States sink to unprecedented lows. Carney crushed his rivals on Sunday in a race to become leader of the ruling Liberal Party. He replaces Trudeau, who spent more than nine years in office. Former finance minister Chrystia Freeland, whose shock resignation last December triggered a crisis that helped push out Trudeau, becomes transport minister. Carney, a former head of both the Bank of Canada and Bank of England, successfully argued his position as an outsider with a history of tackling crises meant he was the best person to take on Trump, who has repeatedly talked about annexing Canada. On Wednesday, Carney told reporters that he was ready to meet Trump when "there is respect for Canadian sovereignty."He also said he would keep in place retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods until the United States showed Canada some respect. Efforts are underway to arrange a call between Trump and Carney in the next couple of days, Joly told reporters on Friday. The cabinet will likely not be in office for long, since Liberal insiders say Carney will call a snap election within the next two weeks. If he changes his mind, opposition parties say they will unite to bring down the minority Liberal government in a confidence vote at the end of March. Once the election is called, Carney will be very limited in what he can do politically because convention dictates he cannot make major decisions when running for office.
Opinion polls currently suggest it will be a close race with the official opposition Conservatives, with neither party gaining enough seats for a majority government.

Syrian foreign minister visits Iraq, calls for reopening of border
Reuters/March 14, 2025
BAGHDAD (Reuters) - Syria's foreign minister made his first visit to Iraq since the fall of Bashar al-Assad, and called on Baghdad to reopen the border between the two countries that it had shut in the wake of the revolt that toppled him. Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shibani said the aim of Friday's visit was to enhance trade between the two countries, and reopening the border would be a fundamental step in doing so. Iraq, which battled Islamic State fighters that captured territory on both sides of the border from 2014-2017, shut the frontier on security grounds following the revolt that toppled Assad. Shibani said that Damascus was ready to cooperate with Baghdad in combating Islamic State, adding that "Syria's security is integral to Iraq's security". Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein also stressed the importance of international coordination to fight Islamic State.

Head of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria has been killed, Iraqi prime minister says
QASSIM ABDUL-ZAHRA/BAGHDAD (AP)/March 14, 2025
The head of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria has been killed in Iraq in an operation by members of the Iraqi national intelligence service along with U.S.-led coalition forces, the Iraqi prime minister announced Friday. “The Iraqis continue their impressive victories over the forces of darkness and terrorism,” Prime Minister Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani said in a statement posted on X, formerly known as Twitter. Abdallah Maki Mosleh al-Rifai, or “Abu Khadija,” was “deputy caliph” of the militant group and as “one of the most dangerous terrorists in Iraq and the world," the statement said. A security official said the operation was carried out by an airstrike in Anbar province, in western Iraq. A second official said the operation took place Thursday night but that al-Rifai's death was confirmed Friday. They spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to comment publicly. The announcement came on the same day as the first visit by Syria’s top diplomat to Iraq, during which the two countries pledged to work together to combat IS. Iraqi Foreign Minister Fouad Hussein said at a news conference that “there are common challenges facing Syrian and Iraqi society, and especially the terrorists of IS.” He said the officials had spoken “in detail about the movements of ISIS, whether on the Syrian-Iraqi border, inside Syria or inside Iraq” during the visit. Hussein referred to an operations room formed by Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon at a recent meeting in Amman to confront IS, and said it would soon begin work. The relationship between Iraq and Syria is somewhat fraught after the fall of former Syrian President Bashar Assad. Al-Sudani came to power with the support of a coalition of Iran-backed factions, and Tehran was a major backer of Assad. The current interim president of Syria, Ahmad al-Sharaa, was previously known as Abu Mohammed al-Golani and fought as an al-Qaida militant in Iraq after the U.S. invasion of 2003, and later fought against Assad's government in Syria. But Syrian interim Foreign Minister Asaad Hassan al-Shibani focused on the historic ties between the two countries. “Throughout history, Baghdad and Damascus have been the capitals of the Arab and Islamic world, sharing knowledge, culture and economy,” he said. Strengthening the partnership between the two countries “will not only benefit our peoples, but will also contribute to the stability of the region, making us less dependent on external powers and better able to determine our own destiny,” he said. The operation and the visit come at a time when Iraqi officials are anxious about an IS resurgence in the wake of the fall of Assad in Syria. While Syria’s new rulers - led by the Islamist former insurgent group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham - have pursued IS cells since taking power, some fear a breakdown in overall security that could allow the group to stage a resurgence. The U.S. and Iraq announced an agreement last year to wind down the military mission in Iraq of an American-led coalition fighting the Islamic State group by September 2025, with U.S. forces departing some bases where they have stationed troops during a two-decade-long military presence in the country. When the agreement was reached to end the coalition’s mission in Iraq, Iraqi political leaders said the threat of IS was under control and they no longer needed Washington’s help to beat back the remaining cells. But the fall of Assad in December led some to reassess that stance, including members of the Coordination Framework, a coalition of mainly Shiite, Iran-allied political parties that brought current Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammad Shia al-Sudani to power in late 2022.

Druze Religious Elders from Syria Make Visit to Israel
Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
A delegation of Druze religious elders from Syria crossed into Israel on Friday for the first such visit in more than 50 years, underscoring Israel's backing for the community amid growing tensions with the new government in Damascus.
Around 100 Druze sheikhs from villages on the slope of Mount Hermon in Syria, overlooked by the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, are due to visit shrines including sites held to be the tomb of prophet Shuayb, west of Tiberias, in the Lower Galilee.
After entering the Golan Heights, cheered by Druze in traditional black clothes and white and red head dress, some waving the white, blue, yellow, red and green flag of the Druze, they travelled by bus to the town of Julis in Israel to meet Mowafaq Tarif, spiritual leader of the group in Israel.
"Feeling proud and honored to visit here. We are one family and brothers," said Nazeh Rakab, from Hadar in Syria, as he watched the welcome ceremony in Julis, where hundreds gathered to greet the delegation waving Druze flags, with some firing into the air from the rooftops in celebration. The Druze, an Arab minority who practice a religion originally derived from Islam, live in an area straddling Lebanon, Syria, Israel and the Golan Heights, connected across the borders by a web of kinship ties. In Israel, many serve in the military and police, including during the war in Gaza, and some have reached high rank.
Condemnation
The visit followed an invitation from the Druze community in Israel, according to a source close to the delegation, but has been met with opposition from other Druze in Syria. The minority accounts for about three percent of Syria's population and are heavily concentrated in the southern province of Sweida. Other residents of Hadar condemned the trip, saying in a statement that the clerics "represent only themselves". They accused Israel of "exploiting this religious visit as a tool to sow division" and of "seeking to use the Druze community as a defensive line to achieve its expansionist interests in southern Syria". Friday's visit is intended to be a purely religious occasion but its political significance was underscored by Israeli airstrikes on what Israel described as command centers of the Iranian-backed Islamic Jihad movement in Damascus a day earlier. Israeli ministers have expressed deep misgivings about the new government of interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa, describing his Hayat Tahrir al-Sham movement as an extremist group. The group was formerly affiliated with Al-Qaeda but later renounced the connection. On Thursday, Israel, which has been urging support for the Druze following the overthrow of Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad in December, sent truckloads of aid including oil, flour, salt and sugar, most to the Sweida. Earlier this week, Defense Minister Israel Katz said Syrian Druze would be allowed to enter and work in the Golan Heights, which Israel captured from Syria in the 1967 war, and Israel has also said it would protect Druze in Syria if needed. In early March, following a deadly clash between government-linked forces and Druze fighters in the suburbs of Damascus, Katz said his country would not allow Syria's new rulers "to harm the Druze". Druze leaders immediately rejected Katz's warning and declared their loyalty to a united Syria.

Dozens of Syrian Druze make rare visit to Israeli-controlled Golan Heights
Associated Press/March 14/2025
Dozens of clerics and others from Syria's minority Druze community crossed into the Israeli-controlled side of the Golan Heights Friday for the first time in decades. The nearly 100 Syrian Druze crossed the heavily-fortified border area in three buses, escorted by members of the Israeli military. They are expected to visit a religious shrine on the Israeli side of the border. The rare visit comes three months after the end of a five-decade grip on power by the Assad family in Syria. Israel has said it is ready to protect the Druze of Syria if they come under attack by the country's new rulers. Many Druze have rejected Israel's overtures, and critics accuse Israel of trying to weaken and divide Syria following the overthrow of President Bashar Assad. Nevertheless, a group of Druze from the Israeli-controlled Golan heights welcomed the Syrian Druze at the crossing point who waved the multi-colored flag of the religious minority, chanting in Arabic "It is written on our doors, welcome to our beloved ones."
Historic crossing
"This is a historic visit between families. We have families inside (Syria), and they are the same when they come. They have families here," said Majdal Shams, resident Jawlan Abu Zed. "They are religious men who are coming to visit the holy sites, just like our Sunni brothers who go to visit Mecca, just like our Christian brothers who go to visit the Vatican."The Druze is one of the Middle East's most insular religious sect, beginning as a 10th-century offshoot of Ismailism, a branch of Shiite Islam. Most Druze religious practices are shrouded in secrecy, with outsiders not allowed to convert.
Over half of the roughly 1 million Druze worldwide live in Syria. Most other Druze live in Lebanon and Israel and the Golan Heights, a rocky plateau seized from Syria by Israel in the 1967 Mideast war. Israel's 1981 annexation of the area is recognized only by the United States, with the rest of the world considering it occupied Syrian territory. Crossing from Syria into Israeli-controlled territory was restricted in the past. The religious leadership of the Druze sect in Lebanon have urged clerics not to visit Israel, saying those who do it will be violating its orders. Although Israeli citizenship is open for the Druze of the Golan Heights, most have opted not to take it, though they have residency rights. Some families are split apart by what is known as the Alpha Line, the start of a buffer zone that separates the Israeli-controlled area of the Golan Heights from Syria. They navigate their historically Syrian identity while living under Israeli rule. On the Syrian side of the border, the Druze generally adopted Arab nationalism, including support for the Palestinian cause.
Recent violence in Syria
The rare visit comes days after clashes between fighters loyal to Assad and forces of the country's new Islamist rulers in Syria that sparked the worst violence Syria has seen since December, when insurgents led by the Islamist group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, or HTS, overthrew Assad. The clashes led to wave of revenge attacks in Syria's coastal region by Sunni gunmen against members of the minority Alawite sect to which the Assad family belongs. A war monitor said nearly 1,500 civilians, mostly Alawites, were killed within three days of clashes and shootings. The Associated Press could not independently confirm the figures. Like many of Syria's ethnic and religious minorities, the Druze are concerned about how the new transitional government will treat them, although authorities have promised to include them in the political process. Syria's interim president, Ahmad al-Sharaa, is the leader of HTS, which was affiliated with al-Qaida's branch in Syria. The Druze delegation from Syria is scheduled to meet with the religious leader of the sect in Israel, Mowafaq Tarif, to discuss the conditions for the Druze of Syria. On Sunday, Israel's Defense Minister Israel Katz said Israel will allow Druze from Syria to enter the country for work although it is not clear when it will start.

Qatar Will Send Natural Gas to Syria to Increase Its Meager Electricity Supply

Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
Qatar will provide natural gas supplies to Syria with the aim of generating 400 megawatts of electricity a day, in a measure to help address the war-battered country’s severe electricity shortages, Syrian state-run news agency SANA reported Friday. Syria’s interim Minister of Electricity Omar Shaqrouq said the Qatari supplies are expected to increase the daily state-provided electricity supply from two to four hours per day. Under the deal, Qatar will send 2 million cubic meters of natural gas a day to the Deir Ali power station, south of Damascus, via a pipeline passing through Jordan. Qatar’s state-run news agency said that the initiative was part of an agreement between the Qatar Fund for Development and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Jordan in collaboration with the United Nations Development Program and “aims to address the country’s severe shortage in electricity production and enhance its infrastructure.”Syria’s economy and infrastructure, including electricity production, has been devastated by nearly 14 years of civil war and crushing Western sanctions imposed on the government of former President Bashar al-Assad. Those who can afford it rely on solar power and private generators to make up for the meager state power supply, while others remain most of the day without power. Since Assad was ousted in a lightning opposition offensive in December, the country’s new rulers have struggled to consolidate control over territory that was divided into de facto mini-states during the war and to begin the process of reconstruction. The United Nations in 2017 estimated that it would cost at least $250 billion to rebuild Syria, while experts say that number could reach at least $400 billion. The United States remains circumspect about the interim government and current President Ahmad al-Sharaa, the former leader of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham group. Washington designates HTS as a terrorist organization and has been reluctant to lift sanctions. In January, however, the US eased some restrictions, issuing a six-month general license that authorizes certain transactions with the Syrian government, including some energy sales and incidental transactions.

White House says Hamas making ‘very bad bet’ in Gaza talks
AFP/March 14, 2025
WASHINGTON: The White House accused Hamas on Friday of making “entirely impractical” demands and stalling on a deal to release a US-Israeli hostage in exchange for an extension of the Gaza ceasefire. “Hamas is making a very bad bet that time is on its side. It is not,” a statement from the office of President Donald Trump’s envoy Steve Witkoff and the US National Security Council said. “Hamas is well aware of the deadline, and should know that we will respond accordingly if that deadline passes,” it said, adding that Trump had already vowed Hamas would “pay a severe price” for not freeing hostages.
Hamas said earlier on Friday it was ready to free an Israeli-American hostage and the remains of four others, after the Palestinian militants and Israel resumed indirect Gaza ceasefire negotiations. Witkoff presented a “bridge” proposal in Qatar on Wednesday to extend the first phase of the truce to mid-April if Hamas releases living hostages in exchange for Palestinian prisoners. “Hamas was told in no uncertain terms that this ‘bridge’ would have to be implemented soon — and that dual US-Israeli citizen Edan Alexander would have to be released immediately,” the statement said.
“Unfortunately, Hamas has chosen to respond by publicly claiming flexibility while privately making demands that are entirely impractical without a permanent ceasefire,” it added. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, asked if the United States was prioritizing the release of the American hostage, said: “We care about all the hostages.”“We’re acting like this is a normal exchange, this is a normal thing that happens. This is an outrage. So they should all be released,” Rubio told reporters after Group of Seven talks in Canada. “I’m not going to comment on what we’re going to accept and not accept, other than that all of us — the whole world — should continue to say that what Hamas has done is outrageous, it’s ridiculous, it’s sick, it’s disgusting,” he said.

Hamas Says It Will Release a US-Israeli Hostage and 4 Bodies, but Israel Expresses Immediate Doubt
Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
Palestinian group Hamas said Friday that it has accepted a proposal from mediators to release one living American-Israeli hostage and the bodies of four dual nationals who had died in captivity. The Israeli prime minister's office cast doubt on the offer, accusing Hamas of trying to manipulate talks underway in Qatar on the next stage of the Israel-Hamas ceasefire. Hamas, which rules over what remains of the Gaza Strip, didn't immediately specify when the release of soldier Edan Alexander and the four bodies would take place — or what it expected to get in return. Alexander was 19 when he was abducted from his base on the border with Gaza in southern Israel during Hamas' attack on Oct. 7, 2023 that sparked the war, which has been the deadliest and most destructive fighting ever between Israel and Hamas. It wasn't clear which mediators had proposed the release to Hamas. The United States, led by Trump administration hostage envoy Steve Witkoff, has been pushing for a proposal that would extend the truce and see some hostage-for-prisoner exchanges. Following the Hamas statement, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office said that Israel had “accepted the Witkoff outline and showed flexibility,” but that “Hamas is refusing and will not budge from its positions.” “At the same time, it continues to use manipulation and psychological warfare — the reports about Hamas’ willingness to release American hostages are intended to sabotage the negotiations,” read a letter from the government to hostage families.
It added that Israel’s negotiating team would return Friday from Qatar's capital, Doha. Netanyahu said that he plans to convene his ministerial team on Saturday night to hear from the negotiators and decide on the next steps. Hamas, meanwhile, sent a delegation to Cairo to discuss the ceasefire negotiations with Egyptian officials. Egypt, Qatar and the US all have been acting as mediators.
Ceasefire is at a tense point
The first phase of the ceasefire ended two weeks ago, but the pause in fighting has held — if tensely — for now. The White House made a surprise announcement last week, saying that American officials had engaged in “ongoing talks and discussions” with Hamas, stepping away from a long-held US policy of not directly engaging with the group. That prompted a terse response from Netanyahu’s office. It wasn't immediately clear whether those talks were linked to Hamas’ announcement on Friday about releasing Alexander and the remains of the four additional captives, whose names weren't disclosed.
In a separate statement, Hamas official Husam Badran reaffirmed what he said was the group's commitment to fully implementing the ceasefire agreement in all its phases. He warned that any Israeli deviation from the terms would return negotiations to square one. The first phase of the ceasefire allowed the return of 25 living hostages and the remains of eight others in exchange for the release of nearly 2,000 Palestinian prisoners. Israeli forces have withdrawn to buffer zones inside Gaza, hundreds of thousands of displaced Palestinians have returned to northern Gaza and hundreds of trucks of aid entered daily until Israel cut off supplies to the territory's 2 million people two weeks ago. Hamas is believed to be holding 24 living hostages and the bodies of 35 others. A group that represents the families of most captives said Friday that it welcomed plans to release any of the hostages, but that the focus must remain on returning all of them. “Without a comprehensive deal, we risk sealing the fate of all remaining hostages,” the Hostage Families Forum said in a statement. Israel has been urging Hamas to release half of the remaining hostages in return for an extension of the first phase, and a promise to negotiate a lasting truce. The supply cutoff came as Israel pressed the group to agree. About 80% of Gaza's residents have lost access to food sources, and 90% can't access clean drinking water, according to the Hamas-run government media office in Gaza. Hamas wants to start negotiations on the ceasefire’s more difficult second phase, which would entail the release of the remaining hostages, the withdrawal of Israeli forces and a lasting peace.
Muslims pray during restrictions at Al-Aqsa Mosque
The developments came as Jews began celebrating the Purim holiday, and Muslims continued marking the holy month of Ramadan. Around 80,000 Muslim worshippers prayed Friday at Jerusalem's Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, according to the Islamic Trust, which monitors the site. Israel is tightly controlling access to the prayers, allowing only men over age 55 and women over 50 to enter from the occupied territory. “The conditions are extremely difficult,” said Yousef Badreen, a Palestinian who left the southern West Bank city of Hebron at dawn to make it to Jerusalem. “We wish they will open it for good.” Hamas accused Israel of escalating a “religious war” against Palestinians, casting the Al-Aqsa restrictions as “systematic targeting of Muslim religious practices." The Israeli government didn't immediately respond to the accusations.

US and Israel look to Africa for resettling Palestinians uprooted from Gaza
Associated Press/March 14/2025
The U.S. and Israel have reached out to officials of three East African governments to discuss using their territories as potential destinations for resettling Palestinians uprooted from the Gaza Strip under President Donald Trump's proposed postwar plan, American and Israeli officials say. The contacts with Sudan, Somalia and the breakaway region of Somalia known as Somaliland reflect the determination by the U.S. and Israel to press ahead with a plan that has been widely condemned and raised serious legal and moral issues. Because all three places are poor, and in some cases wracked by violence, the proposal also casts doubt on Trump's stated goal of resettling Gaza's Palestinians in a "beautiful area."Officials from Sudan said they have rejected overtures from the U.S., while officials from Somalia and Somaliland told The Associated Press that they were not aware of any contacts. Under Trump's plan, Gaza's more than 2 million people would be permanently sent elsewhere. He has proposed the U.S. would take ownership of the territory, oversee a lengthy cleanup process and develop it as a real estate project. The idea of a mass transfer of Palestinians was once considered a fantasy of Israel's ultranationalist fringe. But since Trump presented the idea at a White House meeting last month, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has hailed it as a " bold vision."Palestinians in Gaza have rejected the proposal and dismiss Israeli claims that the departures would be voluntary. Arab nations have expressed vehement opposition and offered an alternative reconstruction plan that would leave the Palestinians in place. Rights groups have said forcing or pressuring the Palestinians to leave could be a potential war crime.
Still, the White House says Trump "stands by his vision."
Speaking on condition of anonymity to discuss a secret diplomatic initiative, U.S. and Israeli officials confirmed the contacts with Somalia and Somaliland, while the Americans confirmed Sudan as well. They said it was unclear how much progress the efforts made or at what level the discussions took place. Separate outreach from the U.S. and Israel to the three potential destinations began last month, days after Trump floated the Gaza plan alongside Netanyahu, according to the U.S. officials, who said that Israel was taking the lead in the discussions. Israel and the U.S. have a variety of incentives — financial, diplomatic and security — to offer these potential partners. It is a formula that Trump used five years ago when he brokered the Abraham Accords — a series of mutually beneficial diplomatic accords between Israel and four Arab countries. The White House declined to comment on the outreach efforts. The offices of Netanyahu and Ron Dermer, the Israeli Cabinet minister and Netanyahu confidant who has been leading Israel's postwar planning, also had no comment. But Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, a longtime advocate of what he calls "voluntary" emigration of Palestinians, said this week that Israel is working to identify countries to take in Palestinians. He also said Israel is preparing a "very large emigration department" within its Defense Ministry. Here is a closer look at the places the officials say have been approached.
Sudan
The North African country was among the four Abraham Accord nations that agreed to normalize diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020. As part of the deal, the U.S. removed Sudan from its list of state supporters of terrorism, a move that gave the country access to international loans and global legitimacy. But relations with Israel never took off as Sudan plunged into civil war between government forces and the RSF paramilitary group. The conflict has been marked by atrocities, including ethnically motivated killing and rape, according to the U.N. and rights groups. The International Criminal Court is investigating alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity, and then-President Joe Biden's administration in January said the RSF and its proxies were committing genocide. The U.S. and Israel would be hard-pressed to persuade Palestinians to leave Gaza, particularly to such a troubled country. But they could offer incentives to the Khartoum government, including debt relief, weapons, technology and diplomatic support. Two Sudanese officials, speaking on condition of anonymity to discuss a sensitive diplomatic matter, confirmed that the Trump administration has approached the military-led government about accepting Palestinians. One of them said the contacts began even before Trump's inauguration with offers of military assistance against the RSF, assistance with postwar reconstruction and other incentives. Both officials said the Sudanese government rejected the idea. "This suggestion was immediately rebuffed," said one official. "No one opened this matter again." Military chief Gen. Abdel-Fattah Burhan told an Arab leaders' summit last week in Cairo that his country "categorically rejects" any plan that aims to transfer "the brotherly Palestinians from their land under whatever justification or name."
Somaliland
Somaliland, a territory of over 3 million people in the Horn of Africa, seceded from Somalia over 30 years ago, but it is not internationally recognized as an independent state. Somalia considers Somaliland part of its territory. Somaliland's new president, Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi, has made international recognition a priority. An American official involved in the efforts confirmed that the U.S. was "having a quiet conversation with Somaliland about a range of areas where they can be helpful to the U.S. in exchange for recognition." The possibility of U.S. recognition could provide an incentive for Abdullahi to back away from the territory's solidarity with the Palestinians. The United Arab Emirates, another Abraham Accord country that has developed strong ties with Israel, once had a military base in Somaliland and maintains commercial interests there, including a port. The territory's strategic location, in the Gulf of Aden waterway near Yemen, home to the Houthi rebel group, could also make it a valuable ally. Over the years, Somaliland has been lauded for its relatively stable political environment, contrasting sharply with Somalia's ongoing struggles amid deadly attacks by al-Qaida-linked militant group al-Shabab. Since 1991, Somaliland has maintained its own government, currency and security structures. Still, it has one of the lowest income levels in the world. An official in Somaliland, speaking on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to talk to the media, said his government has not been approached and is not in talks about taking in Palestinians.
Somalia
Somalia has been a vocal supporter of the Palestinians, often hosting peaceful protests on its streets in support of them. The country joined the recent Arab summit that rejected Trump's plan and seems like an unlikely destination for Palestinians, even if they did agree to move. Sambu Chepkorir, a lawyer and conflict researcher in Nairobi, Kenya, said it is difficult to understand why Somalia would want to host Palestinians given the country's strong support for Palestinian self-rule. "The realignments keep changing, and so maybe there is a hidden agenda in why Somalia," Chepkorir said.
A Somali official, speaking on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to talk to the media, said the country had not been approached about taking in Palestinians from Gaza and there had been no discussions about it.

Israeli Settlers Attack West Bank Village, Residents Say

Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
Israeli settlers attacked the Palestinian village of Khirbet al-Marjam in the occupied West Bank on Thursday night, burning three houses and a number of cars in the latest in a series of raids that have surged during the war in Gaza. Local residents said settlers stormed through the village, firing live ammunition and hurling teargas bombs at people trying to put out the flames. CCTV footage showed masked individuals entering Palestinians' property, throwing objects around and destroying a security camera. "They climbed on top of the house and started to throw stones," resident Maysoom Msalam said. "They broke the door and the windows. Then they burnt this door and entered and set fire inside the house." The Israeli military said troops and police intervened to disperse a group of masked Israelis who had set property on fire. It said there had been an earlier report that Palestinians had attempted to steal a herd of animals belonging to Israelis. Ghassan Daghlas, governor of the nearby city of Nablus, dismissed suggestions that Palestinians had provoked the attack. "This is an attack aimed at expelling citizens from their lands by settlers, a project to displace Palestinians from their lands," he told Reuters. "Through this attack, the settlers are telling Palestinians, either you leave, or we will burn you. The situation is very difficult, the settlers are getting more violent."The attacks have come as Israeli ministers have been calling openly for a full annexation of the West Bank, a territory captured by Israel in the 1967 Middle East war, which Palestinians see as the core of a future independent state along with Gaza and East Jerusalem. According to figures from the United Nations humanitarian agency OCHA there were at least 1,580 attacks on Palestinians by Israeli settlers that resulted in casualties, property damage or both last year, and another 220 since the start of this year. In one of the biggest recent attacks, Bedouin families in the Jordan Valley, said bands of Israeli settlers stole hundreds of sheep and goats last week, having first accused the Bedouin of trying to steal their animals. Most countries consider Israeli settlements in the West Bank to be illegal, a position rejected by Israel, which cites the Jewish people's historical and Biblical connection to the land.

Hamas says will free US-Israeli hostage to keep ceasefire talks rolling
Associated Press/March 14/2025
Hamas said on Friday it has accepted a proposal from mediators to release one living American-Israeli hostage and the bodies of four dual-nationals who had died in captivity. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office cast doubt on the offer, accusing Hamas of trying to manipulate talks underway in Qatar on the next stage of the Israel-Hamas ceasefire. The militant group in the Gaza Strip did not immediately specify when the release of soldier Edan Alexander and the four bodies would occur — or what it expected to get in return. Alexander was 19 when he was abducted from his base on the border with Gaza in southern Israel during the Hamas attack on Oct. 7, 2023 that sparked the war. It was not clear which mediators had proposed the release to Hamas. The United States, led by the Trump administration's hostage envoy Steve Witkoff, has been pushing for a proposal that would extend the truce and see a limited number of hostage for prisoner exchanges. Following the Hamas statement, Netanyahu's office said Israel had "accepted the Witkoff outline and showed flexibility," but said that "Hamas is refusing and will not budge from its positions.""At the same time, it continues to use manipulation and psychological warfare — the reports about Hamas' willingness to release American hostages are intended to sabotage the negotiations," the prime minister's office said.
It added that Netanyahu would convene his ministerial team on Saturday night to receive a detailed report from the negotiation team and "decide on the next steps for the release of hostages."The first phase of the ceasefire ended two weeks ago.
The White House last week made a surprise announcement, saying that American officials had engaged in "ongoing talks and discussions" with Hamas officials, stepping away from a long-held U.S. policy of not directly engaging with the militant group. That prompted a terse response from Netanyahu's office. It was not immediately clear whether those talks were at all linked to Hamas' Friday announcement about the release of the American hostage. In a separate statement, Hamas official Husam Badran reaffirmed what he said was Hamas' commitment to fully implementing the ceasefire agreement in all its phases, warning that any Israeli deviation from the terms would return negotiations to square one. The ceasefire has paused the deadliest and most destructive fighting ever between Israel and Hamas. The first phase allowed the return of 25 living hostages and the remains of eight others in exchange for the release of nearly 2,000 Palestinian prisoners. Israeli forces have withdrawn to buffer zones inside Gaza, hundreds of thousands of displaced Palestinians have returned to northern Gaza for the first time since early in the war, and hundreds of trucks of aid entered per day until Israel suspended supplies. Israel has been pressing Hamas to release half of the remaining hostages in return for an extension of the first phase, and a promise to negotiate a lasting truce. Hamas is believed to have 24 living hostages and the bodies of 35 others. Two weeks ago, Israel cut off all supplies to Gaza and its more than 2 million people as it pressed Hamas to agree. The militant group has said that the move would affect the remaining hostages as well. Hamas wants to start negotiations on the ceasefire's more difficult second phase, which would see the release of remaining hostages from Gaza, the withdrawal of Israeli forces and a lasting peace. The militant group said with support cut off to Gaza, some 80% of the population has now lost access to food sources, with aid distribution halted and markets running out of supplies, while 90% are unable to access clean drinking water. In Jerusalem, some 80,000 Muslim worshippers prayed on Friday at the Al-Aqsa mosque compound for the second week of Ramadan, according to the Islamic Trust, which monitors the site. Israel is tightly controlling access, allowing only men over 55 and women over 50 to enter from the occupied territory for the prayers. "The conditions are extremely difficult," said Yousef Badeen, a Palestinian who had left the southern West Bank city of Hebron at dawn to make it to Jerusalem, said. "We wish they will open it for good." Hamas accused Israel of escalating a "religious war" against Palestinians with what it called the "systematic targeting of Muslim religious practices" through its restrictions at Al-Aqsa mosque.

Turkish top officials make sudden trip to Damascus

Associated Press/March 14/2025
Turkey's top diplomat, defense minister and intelligence chief paid a sudden visit to Damascus on Thursday, days after Syria's interim government reached a deal to integrate a U.S backed Kurdish-led armed group into the country's army. The agreement to integrate the Syrian Democratic Forces, or SDF, into the Syrian government followed fierce clashes that erupted last week between government security forces and gunmen loyal to ousted leader Bashar Assad. Monitoring groups said hundreds of civilians were killed in the violence in Syria's coastal communities, primarily targeting members of the Alawite religious minority to which Assad belongs. Ahmad al-Sharaa, Syria's interim president and a former rebel, met with Hakan Fidan, Turkey's foreign minister; Yasar Guler, defense minister, and Ibrahim Kalin, head of national intelligence. They were accompanied by Turkey's ambassador to Syria, Burhan Koroglu. According to local news agency DHA, an official from the Turkish Defense Ministry, speaking on the customary condition of anonymity, said earlier Thursday that Ankara intends to examine "how the agreement reached will be implemented and its reflections on the field." The official added that Turkey's expectations on Syria have not changed. "There is no change in our expectations for the termination of terrorist activities in Syria, the disarmament of terrorists and the expulsion of foreign terrorists from Syria," the official said. Turkey designates the SDF and its military arm, People's Protection Units, as terrorist organizations because of their links to the banned Kurdistan Workers' Party. As the Turkish delegation was flying unannounced to Damascus, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan presented awards for "benevolence and kindness" to a former Syrian fighter pilot imprisoned for 43 years. The ceremony, hosted by a foundation linked to Turkey's religious authority, honored Ragheed al-Tatari. Erdogan praised al-Tatari for his perseverance and gave him an award for his "benevolence."Al-Tatari was imprisoned under the rule of Syrian presidents Hafez al-Assad and later Bashar al-Assad. He had been detained since 1981. There are conflicting accounts for his imprisonment including refusing to bomb the city of Hama and failing to report a pilot desertion attempt. Over four decades, al-Tatari was moved among prisons notorious for housing political inmates, including Palmyra prison and Sednaya. His imprisonment, described by human rights groups as one of the longest in Syria for a political prisoner, ended in December when opposition forces freed him. In a speech on stage, Erdogan lauded al-Tatari, calling him "the brave Syrian pilot who listened to his conscience."

Putin tells Ukraine troops in Russian region to ‘surrender’
AFP/March 14, 2025
KYIV: President Vladimir Putin on Friday called on beleaguered Ukrainian troops in the Russian region of Kursk to “surrender” as Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky accused the Russian leader of seeking to sabotage a ceasefire initiative. US President Donald Trump urged Putin to spare the lives of the Ukrainian troops as he said his envoy had held “productive” talks with Russia’s leader on a proposed 30-day ceasefire. Russia has mounted a rapid counteroffensive in the western border region of Kursk over the past week, recapturing much of the territory Ukraine seized in a shock incursion last August.
Defeat in Kursk would be a major blow to Ukraine’s plans to use its hold on the region as a bargaining chip in peace talks for the three-year-old war. “We are sympathetic to President Trump’s call,” Putin said in remarks broadcast on Russian television.
“If they lay down their arms and surrender, they will be guaranteed life and dignified treatment,” Putin said. Trump said “thousands” of Ukrainian troops were “completely surrounded by the Russian military, and in a very bad and vulnerable position.”
“I have strongly requested to President Putin that their lives be spared. This would be a horrible massacre, one not seen since World War II,” Trump said. Ukraine’s military leadership denied the claims. “There is no threat of our units being encircled,” Ukraine’s General Staff posted on social media.
Zelensky gave a more sober assessment in comments to reporters in Kyiv. “The situation in the Kursk region is obviously very difficult,” he said, while insisting the campaign still had value. Russia, he said, had been forced to pull troops from other areas on the front line, easing pressure on Ukrainian troops fighting to keep control of the eastern logistics hub of Pokrovsk. Trump’s latest comments came as he gave an update on a meeting Thursday between his envoy Steve Witkoff and Putin on a US-Ukrainian proposal for a 30-day pause in hostilities. “We had very good and productive discussions with President Vladimir Putin of Russia yesterday, and there is a very good chance that this horrible, bloody war can finally come to an end,” Trump said on his Truth Social platform. Putin said Thursday that he had “serious questions” about the proposal and that events in Kursk would influence the next moves toward a ceasefire.
Zelensky accused the Russian leader of seeking to undermine the ceasefire initiative.
“He is now doing everything he can to sabotage diplomacy by setting extremely difficult and unacceptable conditions right from the start even before a ceasefire,” Zelensky posted on X. The Kremlin said Friday that it was “cautiously optimistic” a deal could be reached, but that Trump and Putin had to speak directly before talks could progress. US National Security Adviser Mike Waltz said in a Fox News interview that the United States had “some cautious optimism” after Witkoff’s visit. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said at a meeting of the Group of Seven western powers in Canada that both sides would have to make “concessions.”G7 foreign ministers warned Russia of new sanctions unless it accepted a ceasefire “on equal terms,” saying sanctions could include “caps on oil prices, as well as additional support for Ukraine, and other means.”France and Germany accused Russia of seeking to block a ceasefire, and support for Ukraine was to be discussed again in a video conference of some European leaders with Zelensky on Saturday. Diplomatic sources said EU foreign affairs chief Kaja Kallas would propose that the 27-country bloc supply up to 40 billion euros ($43.5 billion) in new military aid to Ukraine.
Ukraine hoped its hold on Kursk would be a bargaining chips in talks with Russia and way eyeing a potential land swap with Moscow, which has occupied around a fifth of Ukraine since it took Crimea in 2014 and launched its military offensive in February 2022.

Kremlin Says Putin Sent Trump a Message on Ukraine Ceasefire Idea, Talks of 'Cautious Optimism'
Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
The Kremlin said on Friday that Russian President Vladimir Putin had sent US President Donald Trump a message about his proposal for a ceasefire in Ukraine via Trump's special envoy and that there were grounds for "cautious optimism."
Putin held late night talks in Moscow with Steve Witkoff, Trump's envoy, to discuss the US proposal for a 30-day ceasefire with Ukraine, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters. Kyiv has already accepted the idea. Peskov said Putin had conveyed "signals" to Trump via Witkoff, and had received information from the American about US thinking on Ukraine. "There are certainly reasons to be cautiously optimistic. You heard a very important statement yesterday from President Putin, who was answering a journalist's question. He said that he supports President Trump's position in terms of a settlement, but he voiced some questions that need to be answered together," said Peskov."So, yes, indeed, there is still a lot to be done, but nevertheless, the president expressed solidarity with Mr. Trump's position." Peskov said Russia and the US would work out the timing of a phone call between their two presidents once Witkoff had briefed Trump.

Iran’s Rulers Caught Between Trump’s Crackdown and a Fragile Economy
Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
For Iran's clerical leaders, engaging with the "Great Satan" to hammer out a nuclear deal and ease crippling sanctions may for once be the lesser of two evils. Though it harbors deep mistrust of the United States, and President Donald Trump in particular, Tehran is increasingly concerned that mounting public anger over economic hardships could erupt into mass protests, four Iranian officials said. That's why, despite the unyielding stance and defiant rhetoric of Iran's clerical leaders in public, there is a pragmatic willingness within Tehran's corridors of power to strike a deal with Washington, the people said. Tehran's concerns were exacerbated by Trump's speedy revival of his first term's "maximum pressure" campaign to drive Iran's oil exports towards zero with more sanctions and bring the country's already fragile economy to its knees, they said. President Masoud Pezeshkian has repeatedly highlighted the severity of the economic situation in the country, stating that it is more challenging than during the Iran-Iraq war in the 1980s, and pointing this month to the latest round of US sanctions targeting tankers carrying Iranian oil. One of the Iranian officials said leaders were concerned that cutting off all diplomatic avenues might further fuel domestic discontent against Ali Khamenei - given he is the ultimate decision maker in the country. "There is no question whatsoever that the man who has been the Supreme Leader since 1989 and his foreign policy preferences are more guilty than anybody else for the state of affairs," said Alex Vatanka, director of the Iran Program at the Middle East Institute think-tank in Washington. It was Iran's weak economy that pushed Khamenei to give tentative backing to the nuclear agreement struck with major powers in 2015, leading to a lifting of Western sanctions and an improvement in economic conditions. But then-President Trump's renewed onslaught against Iran after he pulled out of the nuclear pact in 2018 squeezed living standards once more. "The situation worsens daily. I can't afford my rent, pay my bills, or buy clothes for my children," said Alireza Yousefi, 42, a teacher from Isfahan. "Now, more sanctions will make survival impossible."Iran's foreign ministry did not respond to a Reuters request for comment.
'ON EQUAL TERMS'
At the same time as upping the pressure on Iran with new sanctions and threats of military action, Trump also opened the door to negotiations by sending a letter to Khamenei proposing nuclear talks. Khamenei spurned the offer on Wednesday, saying repeatedly that Washington was imposing excessive demands and that Tehran would not be bullied into negotiations. "If we enter negotiations while the other side is imposing maximum pressure, we will be negotiating from a weak position and will achieve nothing," Iran's top diplomat Abbas Araqchi told the Iran newspaper in an interview published on Thursday. "The other side must be convinced that the policy of pressure is ineffective - only then can we sit at the negotiating table on equal terms," he said. One senior Iranian official said there was no alternative but to reach an agreement, and that it was possible, though the road ahead would be bumpy given Iran's distrust of Trump after he abandoned the 2015 deal. Iran has staved off economic collapse largely thanks to China, the main buyer of its oil and one of the few nations still trading with Tehran despite sanctions. Oil exports slumped after Trump ditched the nuclear deal but have recovered in the past few years, bringing in more than $50 billion in revenue in both 2022 and 2023 as Iran found ways to skirt sanctions, according to US Energy Information Administration estimates. Yet uncertainty looms over the sustainability of the exports as Trump's maximum pressure policy aims to throttle Iran's crude sales with multiple rounds of sanctions on tankers and entities involved in the trade.
PUBLIC ANGER SIMMERS
Iran's rulers are also facing a string of other crises - energy and water shortages, a collapsing currency, military setbacks among regional allies and growing fears of an Israeli strike on its nuclear facilities - all intensified by Trump's tough stance.
The energy and water sectors are suffering from a lack of investment in infrastructure, overconsumption driven by subsidies, declining natural gas production and inefficient irrigation, all leading to power blackouts and water shortages. The Iranian rial has shed more than 90% of its value against the dollar since the sanctions were reimposed in 2018, according to foreign exchange websites, officials and lawmakers. Amid concerns about Trump's tough approach, Iranians seeking safe havens for their savings have been buying dollars, other hard currencies, gold or cryptocurrencies, suggesting further weakness for the rial, according to state media reports. The price of rice has soared 200% since last year, state media has reported. Housing and utility costs have spiked sharply, climbing roughly 60% in some Tehran districts and other major cities in recent months, driven by the rial's steep fall and soaring raw material costs, according to media reports. Official inflation hovers around 40%, though some Iranian experts say it is running at over 50%. The Statistical Center of Iran reported a significant rise in food prices, with over a third of essential commodities increasing by 40% in January to leave them more than double the same month the previous year. In January, the Tasnim news agency quoted the head of Iran's Institute of Labor and Social Welfare, Ebrahim Sadeghifar, as saying 22% to 27% of Iranians were now below the poverty line. Iran's Jomhuri-ye Eslami newspaper, meanwhile, said last week that poverty rates stood at around 50%. "I can barely cover the rent for my carpet shop or pay my workers' salaries. No one has the money to buy carpets. If this continues, I will have to lay off my staff," Morteza, 39, said by phone from Tehran's Grand Bazaar, giving only his first name. "How do they expect to solve the economic crisis if they refuse to talk to Trump? Just talk to him and reach a deal. You cannot afford pride on an empty stomach."
NUCLEAR RED LINE
Based on Iranian state media reports, there were at least 216 demonstrations across Iran in February, involving retirees, workers, healthcare professionals, students and merchants. The protests largely focused on economic hardships, including low wages and months of unpaid salaries, according to the reports.
While the protests were mostly small-scale, officials fear a deterioration in living standards could be explosive. "The country is like a powder keg, and further economic strain could be the spark that sets it off," said one of the four officials, who is close to the government. Iran's ruling elite is acutely aware of the risk of a resurgence of the unrest similar to the 2022-2023 protests over Mahsa Amini's death in custody, or the nationwide protests in 2019 over fuel price rises, the officials said. The senior Iranian official said there had been several high-level meetings to discuss the possibility of new mass protests - and potential measures to head them off. Nevertheless, despite the worries about potential unrest, Iranian officials said Tehran was only prepared to go so far in any talks with Trump, stressing that "excessive demands", such as dismantling Iran's peaceful nuclear program or its conventional missile capabilities, were off the table. "Yes, there are concerns about more economic pressure, there are concerns about the nation's growing anger, but we cannot sacrifice our right to produce nuclear energy because Trump wants it," the senior official said.
Ali Vaez, Iran project director at the International Crisis Group, said Iran's rulers believed that negotiating with Trump under coercion would signal weakness, ultimately attracting more pressure than reducing it. "That is why Khamenei seems to believe that the only thing that is more dangerous than suffering from sanctions is surrendering to them," he said.

UN report warns Iran is stepping up electronic surveillance of women to enforce headscarf laws
Jamey Keaten And Jon Gambrell/GENEVA (AP)/March 14, 2025
Iran is increasingly relying on electronic surveillance and the public to inform on women refusing to wear the country's mandatory headscarf in public, as hard-liners push for harsher penalties for those protesting the law, a United Nations report released Friday found. The findings of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran come after it determined last year that the country’s theocracy was responsible for the “physical violence” that led to the death of Mahsa Amini. The 22-year-old's death led to nationwide protests against the country’s mandatory hijab laws and the public disobedience against them that continues despite the threat of violent arrest and imprisonment. “Two and a half years after the protests began in September 2022, women and girls in Iran continue to face systematic discrimination, in law and in practice, that permeates all aspects of their lives, particularly with respect to the enforcement of the mandatory hijab,” the report said. “The state is increasingly reliant on state-sponsored vigilantism in an apparent effort to enlist businesses and private individuals in hijab compliance, portraying it as a civic responsibility," it added. Iran's diplomatic missions to the U.N. in New York and Geneva did not respond to a request for comment on the findings of the 20-page report. Mission chair Sara Hossain cited two new areas of investigation this year: One involved “the disturbing pattern” of deaths of some protesters, including girls, which the state dismissed as cases of suicide. Families faced “judicial harassment” such as being prevented from mourning loved ones who died, she said. The mission was also looking at the use of mock executions. "We found that detainees men, women and children had been held — in some cases at gunpoint or had nooses put around their necks — in a form of psychological torture,” Hossain told reporters in Geneva. The team found that “chronic impunity” exists for those responsible for the repression, she added.
Drones, surveillance cameras monitor women
The investigators outlined how Iran increasingly relies on electronic surveillance. Among the efforts include Iranian officials deploying “aerial drone surveillance” to monitor women in public places. At Tehran's Amirkabir University, authorities installed facial recognition software at its entrance gate to find women not wearing the hijab, it said. Surveillance cameras on Iran's major roadways also are believed to be involved in searching for uncovered women. U.N. investigators said they obtained the “Nazer” mobile phone app offered by Iranian police, which allows the public to report on uncovered women in vehicles, including ambulances, buses, metro cars and taxis. “Users may add the location, date, time and the license plate number of the vehicle in which the alleged mandatory hijab infraction occurred, which then ‘flags’ the vehicle online, alerting the police,” the report said. “It then triggers a text message (in real-time) to the registered owner of the vehicle, warning them that they had been found in violation of the mandatory hijab laws, and that their vehicles would be impounded for ignoring these warnings.”Those text messages have led to dangerous situations. In July 2024, police officers shot and paralyzed a woman who activists say had received such a message and was fleeing a checkpoint near the Caspian Sea. The investigators found that 8,000 vehicles were confiscated because their drivers weren't wearing the proper hijab. “What’s unusual and extraordinary about this is the kind of activity that is being monitored through the use of this app ... what a woman wears or doesn’t wear," Hossain said. "She shouldn’t have to be sanctioned for that.”
Tensions remain after 2022 death of Mahsa Amini
Amini, 22, died on Sept. 16, 2022, in a hospital after her arrest by the country’s morality police over allegedly not wearing her hijab to the liking of the authorities. Amini’s death sparked months of protests and a security crackdown that killed more than 500 people and led to the detention of more than 22,000. After the mass demonstrations, police dialed down enforcement of hijab laws, but it ramped up again in April 2024 under what authorities called the Noor — or “Light” — Plan. At least 618 women have been arrested under the Noor Plan, the U.N. investigators said, citing a local human rights activist group in Iran. Meanwhile, Iran executed at least 938 people last year, a threefold increase from 2021, the U.N. said. While many were convicted of drug charges, the report said the executions “indicate a nexus with the overall repression of dissent in this period.”As Iran continues its crackdown over the hijab, it also faces an economic crisis over U.S. sanctions due to its rapidly advancing nuclear program. While U.S. President Donald Trump has called for new negotiations, Iran has yet to respond to a letter he sent to its 85-year-old Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Social unrest, coupled with the economic woes, remain a concern for Iran's theocracy.

Iran using drones and apps to enforce women's dress code

Imogen Foulkes - Geneva correspondent, BBC News and Tom McArthur - BBC News/March 14, 2025
An Iranian woman without a mandatory headscarf, or hijab, walks in a street in Tehran, with another woman who is wearing a hijab. Refusing to wear the hijab in public can lead to imprisonment in Iran [EPA] Iran is using drones and intrusive digital technology to crush dissent, especially among women who refuse to obey the Islamic republic's strict dress code, the United Nations has said. Investigators say Iranian security officials are using a strategy of "state-sponsored vigilantism" to encourage people to use specialist phone apps to report women for alleged dress code violations in private vehicles such as taxis and ambulances. Their new report also highlights the increasing use of drones and security cameras to monitor hijab compliance in Tehran and in southern Iran. For women who defy the laws, or protest against them, the consequences are severe – arrest, beating, and even rape in custody.
Iranian women 'ready to pay the price' for defying hijab rules
A really simple guide to the protests in Iran
Iran reportedly executed at least 901 people in 2024, UN says
The findings of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran come after it determined last year that the country's theocracy was responsible for the "physical violence" that led to the death in custody of Mahsa Amini in 2022. Witnesses said the 22-year-old Kurd was badly beaten by the morality police during her arrest, but authorities denied she was mistreated and blamed "sudden heart failure" for her death. Her killing sparked a massive wave of protests that continues today, despite threats from the state of violent arrest and imprisonment. "Two-and-a-half years after the protests began in September 2022, women and girls in Iran continue to face systematic discrimination, in law and in practice, that permeates all aspects of their lives, particularly with respect to the enforcement of the mandatory hijab," the report said. "The state is increasingly reliant on state-sponsored vigilantism in an apparent effort to enlist businesses and private individuals in hijab compliance, portraying it as a civic responsibility."At Tehran's Amirkabir University, authorities installed facial recognition software at its entrance gate to also find women not wearing the hijab, the report said. Surveillance cameras on Iran's major roads are also being used to search for uncovered women. Investigators also said they obtained the "Nazer" mobile phone app offered by Iranian police, which allows "vetted" members of the public and the police to report on uncovered women in vehicles, including ambulances, buses, metro cars and taxis. "Users may add the location, date, time and the licence plate number of the vehicle in which the alleged mandatory hijab infraction occurred, which then 'flags' the vehicle online, alerting the police," the report said. According to the report, a text message is then sent to the registered owner of the vehicle, warning them they had been found in violation of the mandatory hijab laws. Vehicles could be impounded for ignoring the warnings, it added. The UN investigators interviewed almost 300 victims and witnesses – they also looked in-depth at Iran's judicial system, which they said lacks any real independence. Victims of torture and other violations were also persecuted while their families were "systematically intimidated", according to their report. They also found evidence of the extrajudicial executions of three child and three adult protesters, later dismissed by the state as suicides. The report also established additional cases of sexual violence in custody, citing the case of one arrested woman who was beaten severely, subjected to two mock executions, raped and then gang-raped.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources  on March 14-15/2025
Massacres in Syria Expose New President’s Struggle to Govern
Ahmad Sharawi/FDD/March 14/2025
Hundreds of fighters and hundreds more civilians are dead following the bloodiest clashes yet between the new Syrian government and militias loyal to the fallen regime of Bashar al-Assad.
On March 6, Assad loyalists ambushed police in a coastal region that is home to much of the country’s Alawite minority, which includes Assad and his family. Many other Alawites served in the Assad regime’s security apparatus. The clashes quickly spiraled into chaos, leading to atrocities against civilians — mainly Alawites — by pro-government factions. Pro-Assad forces then committed their own atrocities against civilians on the other side.
The violence was a testament to the failure of Ahmad al-Sharaa, Syria’s transitional president, on two critical fronts: First, there has been little to no accountability for those who committed grave crimes under Assad. Second, al-Sharaa has failed to establish effective control over the coalition of rebel forces he led in the final offensive against Assad.
Failure to Hold Assad-Era Criminals Accountable Fueled Resurgent Chaos
Al-Sharaa himself has stressed that Syria’s stability is likely to depend on accountability for Assad-era crimes. He declared last month, “There is a fine line between transitional justice and civil peace, and we will pursue all those who have committed crimes against the Syrian people.” However, al-Sharaa’s government has no clear plan to hold perpetrators accountable. Even when authorities arrested Assad regime officials, they soon walked free through settlements — handing over their weapons and military IDs in exchange for a card that granted them freedom of movement and shielded them from immediate questioning.
Those released include Fadi Saqer, a senior figure in the National Defense Forces, one of the regime’s wartime militias. The decision sparked outrage, with one Syrian commenting, “How can those whose hands are stained with the blood of Syrians be set free? If the remnants of the fallen regime continue to be released this way, the victims will take justice into their own hands.”
Rushed Military Integration Left Al-Sharaa Unable to Control Allied Factions
Only days after ousting Assad, al-Sharaa announced, “All military factions will be integrated into a single institution under the administration of the Ministry of Defense in the New Syrian Army.” However, the hurried process left many anti-Assad militias operating independently under their former leaders. This included multiple U.S.-designated terrorist organizations as well as factions within the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army (SNA) that Washington sanctioned for previous human rights abuses against Syrian Kurds. Two of the sanctioned SNA groups, the Suleiman Shah Brigade and the Hamzah Division, led most of the reprisal attacks against Alawite civilians despite the HTS-led Interior Ministry’s directive amid the clashes that “all pro-government forces should adhere to procedures used during the offensive against the Assad regime, namely, no targeting of civilians.” However, the killings continued.
Sharaa’s International Legitimacy Is Weakened.
The events on the Syrian coast sparked widespread international criticism. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said, “The United States condemns the radical Islamist terrorists, including foreign jihadists, who murdered people in western Syria in recent days.” After the massacres, the government formed a committee to “investigate and inquire into the committed incidents.” The committee will provide its findings in “30 days to the necessary courts.” It is not clear whether the findings will be made public.
The United States should convey to al-Sharaa that it expects him to hold the perpetrators accountable and act appropriately to protect all minorities. If he proves unwilling or incapable, Washington should impose additional human rights sanctions on those responsible for atrocities. Additionally, the United States should make clear to Damascus that permanent relief from terrorism sanctions will not be possible until it ceases to harbor foreign fighters and terrorist organizations so Syria does not become a breeding ground for terrorism in the region.
**Ahmad Sharawi is a research analyst at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD), where he focuses on Middle East affairs, specifically the Levant, Iraq, and Iranian intervention in Arab affairs, as well as U.S. foreign policy toward the region. For more analysis from Ahmad and FDD, please subscribe HERE. Follow Ahmad on X @AhmadA_Sharawi. Follow FDD on X @FDD. FDD is a Washington, DC-based, nonpartisan research institute focusing on national security and foreign policy.

Peace or no peace, America can and should arm Ukraine
Bradley Bowman and Ryan Brobst/Defence News/March 14/2025
We may be on the verge of peace in Ukraine — or not. Either way, the United States will need to continue providing Kyiv weapons. That’s because, despite significant progress, Europe still lacks the military-industrial might to replace the United States and meet Ukraine’s and NATO’s deterrent requirements.
A failure to arm Ukraine will increase the chances that the Kremlin will come back for even more Ukrainian territory in the future. The good news is that the United States can afford to provide Ukraine security assistance and has the means to do so without materially delaying the provision of weapons to Taiwan.
This assertion may surprise some, but consider some facts.
The United States has provided about $67 billion in security assistance to Ukraine since Feb 24, 2022, when Putin launched his massive, unprovoked re-invasion. That may sound like an enormous sum, but it actually equates to less than 3 percent of what Washington spent on the Pentagon over the same time period. And what did Americans get for that relatively modest investment?
U.S. aid has helped Ukraine destroy over 10,500 tanks and other armored vehicles, over 270 aircraft, and a significant portion of the Russian Black Sea fleet. These losses, which will take Russia many years to replace, decrease Putin’s ability to launch further acts of aggression, both against Ukraine and America’s NATO allies. In short, thanks to Ukrainian bravery and sacrifice — and American weapons — Russia is even weaker relative to the United States and may be less eager and certainly less able to launch future aggression.
That sustainable level of U.S. support for Ukraine has also sent a valuable deterrent message to adversaries elsewhere contemplating additional aggression, including to the Kremlin’s authoritarian “no limit” partner in Beijing, which is considering whether it should try to conquer the free people of Taiwan.
If the United States does not have the political will to provide Ukraine the means of self-defense without putting any U.S. service members in harm’s way, Beijing is likely to conclude Washington will not send Americans to fight in the Taiwan Strait, thereby making Beijing’s aggression more likely.
But does the United States have the industrial capacity to simultaneously arm Ukraine and Taiwan? Or must it choose between them?
We examined 15 major weapons systems and munitions committed to both Ukraine and Taiwan and found that their provision to Kyiv did not delay the delivery of any of them to Taipei by more than a year.
Why is that?
First, the two U.S. partners have somewhat different needs due to their geography and the nature of their actual or potential conflicts.
Second, where there is overlap, the respective production lines are often healthy and/or expanding. For example, the production of Javelin missiles, which the Trump administration provided to Ukraine after the Obama administration refused to do so, is set to double over the next few years.
Third, in several cases, such as TOW missiles, the United States possesses a large inventory or stockpile of the relevant system, which enables its rapid provision to partners from U.S. inventories.
Fourth, most of the weapons Taipei seeks from the United States are being acquired through contracts for new systems, such as the AIM-120C-8 air-to-air missile. By contrast, most of the weapons sent to Kyiv have been older systems already fielded by the U.S. military.
When a neighbor’s home has been stormed by a serial home invader, it is smart to support your neighbor and oppose the intruder. Otherwise, one should expect more home invasions in the future — some of which may be much more costly.
Thankfully, the United States can afford to provide Ukrainians the weapons they need to defend their homes against invading Russian forces, and doing so need not come at the expense of deterrence in the Taiwan Strait. Perhaps that is why Taiwan has urged support for Ukraine.
**Bradley Bowman is senior director of the Center on Military and Political Power at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, where Ryan Brobst is a senior research analyst.
https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/2025/03/13/peace-or-no-peace-america-can-and-should-arm-ukraine/

Two French Ghosts and President Macron
Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
As France’s President Emmanuel Macron casts himself as Europe’s new leader in a joust against Donald Trump he might do well to have a look at two great Frenchmen who advised against haste and hubris. The first is that paragon of diplomacy Talleyrand who managed to survive four regimes, including one created by a bloody revolution and another that set Europe on fire before drowning it in blood.
One day Talleyrand was called in by an angry Napoleon who ordered him to illico presto to draft a declaration of war on Austria in reaction to “insults from Vienna”. The diplomat did so but, as he later recalled; kept the war declaration under his pillow until the following day when the Emperor ordered him to forget about it as France wasn’t ready for war.
Prudence was the best part of courage.
The next great Frenchman Macron should have a look at is Marechal Ferdinand Foch, commander-in-chief of Allied Forces in World War I. Receiving cables from frontline generals begging him to visit urgently, the Marechal got into his car commanding the driver: “Make haste slowly, I am in a hurry!”
Foch is also known for other gem quotations including this one from one of his cables to Paris from the frontline: “My center is giving way, my right is retreating, situation excellent, I am attacking.” Later, he commented on the Versailles accords: “This is not a peace treaty; it is an armistice for twenty years.”
In the past two weeks, however, Macron has been all over the place with the alacrity of a butterfly. He has assumed that the 80-year alliance between European and American democracies is over, that NATO is dead, that Russia is determined to conquer Europe and that war - if not World War III - is inevitable.
But what caused that haste, which as we know, can’t but produce waste or worse?
The answer is the political version of “The Apprentice” reality TV show that President Trump staged with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in the Oval Officer, plus a few of the hundreds of tweets, or whatever they call them now, that the US president darts at the world each week.
What might the ghosts of Talleyrand and Foch advise?
Talleyrand might have invited Macron to wait and see if the Oval Office show doesn’t have a sequel that might twist the plot in another direction now that Zelensky has opened a new dialogue with the new US administration.
Talleyrand would have also invited Macron to take no notice of John Bolton’s cracked disc about Trump planning to destroy NATO, a disc played for almost six years. Instead, the foxy diplomat would have asked the French president to wait and see whether or not Trump attends the planned NATO summit to be held in The Hague, Netherlands, on June 24-25. All we know is that NATO Secretary-General and former Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte is working with Washington Sherpas to prepare the summit. Talleyrand might have drawn Macron’s attention to another rendezvous penciled in the Elysee Palace’s agenda: the G7 summit to be held in Alberta, Canada on June 15-17 - this time with European Union’s chiefs given seats at the high table. To please Trump, the Canadians have already replaced Prime Minister Justin Trudeau - a bete-noire of the American leader - with Mark Carney who owes his success in the Liberal Party leadership contest partly to a surge of Canadian nationalism prompted by Trump’s talk of rising tariffs and annexation. A banker and economist Carney is best placed to reduce the political heat and promote a serious review of trade and economic ties between the two neighbors.
Foch would have advised Macron not to assume that the US will sit back and watch as Vladimir Putin’s army of North Koreans, Uzbeks, Chechens and Kazakhs, backed by Iranian drones, march into the Champs Elysee.
While the threat from Putin must not be minimized, it would be foolhardy to exaggerate it out of nervousness. For four decades Russia occupied two-thirds of the European continent from the Oder-Neisse line to the Urals. The USSR’s population was twice that of Russia today. With Warsaw Pact allies, the USSR had the world’s biggest war machine with thousands of tanks and warplanes and millions of men in infantry divisions, not to mention thousands of nuclear warheads.
Yet, military historians agree that the Soviet juggernaut was never in a position to conquer Europe even if the US had not been on the side of the Europeans. After all, in World War II, Britain managed to fight the German military giant alone for more than two years albeit with the lend-lease arrangement.
In June 1994, Soviet troops had to leave East Germany in trains hired from the French SNCF and DeutscheBahn, which means that had they wished to march on Paris they would have had to hitch a ride.
The wily Marechal might have noted that building the kind of war machine that Macron and Ursula von der Leyen talk about could take between five and 10 years.
Foch could have quipped that you can’t push back a foe just by big-talk. If you really wish to pin Putin’s back to the floor, then end his control of Ukrainian skies. That means giving Ukrainians some of the warplanes that EU members own.
The 10-year Soviet war in Afghanistan ended when President Ronald Reagan provided the Mujahedin with Stinger missiles to destroy Soviet helicopter gunships that controlled the skies of the war-torn land.
Macron talks of building a European defense system which requires a massive leap forward in industrial development, scientific and technological research and economic and political re-configuration all of which require massive popular support, something that EU leaders take for granted at their peril.
The two French wise men of the past might have made another suggestion: Why not try to stop a war that one protagonist can’t win and the other can’t lose? That requires thinking before acting, rather than vice versa, a fact that injects the element of time in any calculation. In two years’ time with US mid-term elections, will Trump be in the unassailable position he is in today? Does Putin have the stamina of a long-distance runner in a war that has given him advances at a snail’s pace? Should Europe regard Russia as an eternal mortal foe or consider turning it into a tolerable neighbor - if not a friend - in a few years’ time?
In other words, as the ghosts of Talleyrand and Foch might have said: Don’t do today what tomorrow you may regret having done.

Tehran and the Multiplicity of Mediators

Mustafa Fahs/Asharq Al-Awsat/March 14/2025
In the Arabic dictionary, the verb “yumana’” or “tamana’” derives from “mana’”, with its noun form being “mumana’a”, meaning “resistance” or “opposition.” The dictionary defines “mumana’a” as a form of “dispute” that arises between two or more parties.
On the surface, Iranian officials present their relationship with Washington as adversarial, engaging in rhetorical confrontations. However, beneath the surface, there is neither true conflict nor outright resistance. In reality, Iran consistently avoids direct or even indirect confrontation with its adversaries and remains open to reaching understandings—whether through direct negotiations or indirect talks facilitated by mediators. Negotiation is the gateway to conflict resolution, and resolving disputes often requires multiple mediators. In Iran’s case, given the numerous unresolved or suspended issues between Tehran and its neighbors - as well as between Iran, the broader region, and the international community - the need for multiple intermediaries becomes evident. Even the parties seeking to resolve disputes with Iran may hesitate to rely on a single mediator. This explains the influx of initiatives and statements from various international actors, either as independent efforts or as part of broader attempts to resolve the ongoing conflict between Washington and Tehran. Iran does not outwardly reject a resolution; instead, it skillfully draws out offers, leveraging mediation to its advantage.
The variety of mediators in negotiations with Iran reflects the complexity of the conditions Washington insists must be addressed. The US administration’s stance is clear and uncompromising: either a new nuclear agreement is reached, or war becomes the alternative. This marks the end of the previous phase - there will be no deal without enforcement mechanisms. While the previous agreement slowed Iran’s nuclear program, it simultaneously expanded its strategic and regional influence. The new agreement, it seems, will come with a set of interlinked conditions that cannot be separated except through mediation.
From Tehran’s perspective, involving multiple mediators creates opportunities to disentangle different issues, allowing Iran to dilute pressure and stall parties eager for quick resolutions - most notably, US President Donald Trump. Thus, Iran is expected to use mediators to separate the nuclear issue from its ballistic missile program and its regional influence. For instance, the nuclear file - most likely handled by Moscow, based on Russian officials’ statements - may remain under Russia’s mediation.
Meanwhile, a Gulf or Arab state could step in regarding Iran’s ballistic missile program, given its regional sensitivity. This state may also have strong ties with Israel, which is the primary stakeholder in this matter. Additionally, a third party with influence over Iran-backed armed groups may intervene to rein in these factions and mitigate their threats to local and regional stability.
Furthermore, a significant regional power may go beyond mere mediation and play a larger role - one that fosters Iran’s reconciliation with its Arab and regional neighbors. This mediator might even extract a commitment from Tehran regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, potentially pushing Iran to accept a two-state solution. Tehran’s apparent preference for multiple mediators likely reflects a strategy of dispersing negotiation tracks, which, in turn, exhausts all involved parties. Iran bets on its ability to decide when to advance on one file while postponing another. Through this approach, it may successfully impose negotiation flexibility on Washington, using time as a bargaining chip to extract concessions and gains.
Iran fully understands that its counterpart - President Trump - is a businessman looking for a profitable deal. Tehran, in contrast, aims to secure agreements that benefit both sides, albeit at differing scales. In essence, what Trump seeks as a comprehensive package, Iran may deliver in piecemeal form.

Question: “What are the Ten Commandments?”

GotQuestions.org/March 14/2025
Answer: The Ten Commandments (also known as the Decalogue) are ten laws in the Bible that God gave to the nation of Israel shortly after the exodus from Egypt. The Ten Commandments are essentially a summary of the 613 commandments contained in the Old Testament Law. The first four commandments deal with our relationship with God. The last six commandments deal with our relationships with one another. The Ten Commandments are recorded in the Bible in Exodus 20:1-17 and Deuteronomy 5:6-21 and are as follows:
1) “You shall have no other gods before me.” This command is against worshiping any god other than the one true God. All other gods are false gods.
2) “You shall not make for yourself an idol in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.” This command is against making an idol, a visible representation of God. There is no image we can create that can accurately portray God. To make an idol to represent God is to worship a false god.
3) “You shall not misuse the name of the LORD your God, for the LORD will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses His name.” This is a command against taking the name of the Lord in vain. We are not to treat God’s name lightly. We are to show reverence to God by only mentioning Him in respectful and honoring ways.
4) “Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.” This is a command to set aside the Sabbath (Saturday, the last day of the week) as a day of rest dedicated to the Lord.
5) “Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the LORD your God is giving you.” This is a command to always treat one’s parents with honor and respect.
6) “You shall not murder.” This is a command against the premeditated murder of another human being.
7) “You shall not commit adultery.” This is a command against having sexual relations with anyone other than one’s spouse.
8) “You shall not steal.” This is a command against taking anything that is not one’s own, without the permission of the person to whom it belongs.
9) “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.” This is a command prohibiting testifying against another person falsely. It is essentially a command against lying.
10) “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.” This is a command against desiring anything that is not one’s own. Coveting can lead to breaking one of the commandments listed above: murder, adultery, and theft. If it is wrong to do something, it is wrong to desire to do that same something.
Many people mistakenly look at the Ten Commandments as a set of rules that, if followed, will guarantee entrance into heaven after death. In contrast, the purpose of the Ten Commandments is to force people to realize that they cannot perfectly obey the Law (Romans 7:7-11), and are therefore in need of God’s mercy and grace. Despite the claims of the rich young ruler in Matthew 19:16, no one can perfectly obey the Ten Commandments (Ecclesiastes 7:20). The Ten Commandments demonstrate that we have all sinned (Romans 3:23) and are therefore in need of God’s mercy and grace, available only through faith in Jesus Christ.

All eyes on Putin for next step to Ukraine peace
Luke Coffey/Arab News/March 15, 2025
Global events can move quickly. Just two weeks ago, the world watched as Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky had a heated exchange with US President Donald Trump and Vice President J.D. Vance in the Oval Office. A planned rare earths mineral deal was scrapped at the last minute, and Zelensky was sent out of the White House in an unprecedented diplomatic standoff. But hard work and sincere diplomacy can pay off. Behind the scenes, both sides worked tirelessly to repair the relationship, culminating in a high-stakes meeting in Jeddah this week that brought the US-Ukraine relationship back on track and set the stage for what could be the first meaningful step toward ending Russia’s three-year invasion of Ukraine.
Trump has been clear about his desire to end the war, but since returning to office in January he has learned that this is easier said than done. The meeting in Jeddah was the first concrete step in that process. One of Trump’s biggest criticisms of Ukraine during the heated White House exchange was that he did not believe Zelensky was sincere about wanting peace. After Jeddah, that perception has changed. The US and Ukraine agreed to a temporary 30-day ceasefire on land, at sea, and in the air — a deal that could be extended if all parties agree. However, Kyiv would not implement it unless Moscow agreed to do the same. Forty-eight hours later, Russian President Vladimir Putin said he supported the idea of a ceasefire but added conditions that make its implementation uncertain.
The US and Ukraine also finalized the draft of the minerals deal that had been abandoned at the White House. Trump has even invited Zelensky back to the Oval Office, signaling a major turnaround in their strained relationship. As Secretary of State Marco Rubio said: “The ball is in Russia’s court.”
Last week I made my fourth visit to Ukraine since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022. Anyone who has spent time there knows that Ukrainians want an end to the war. They endure nightly air raids, missile strikes, and drone attacks. They also understand the long-term threat that Russia poses if there are no real security guarantees. For those of us who have seen wartime Ukraine firsthand, it has always been obvious that the Ukrainian people want the fighting to end. Yet some around Trump question whether Zelensky shares this view. After Jeddah, there is no longer any doubt. It is now up to Russia to decide whether to pursue peace. There is still a long way to go, and plenty of opportunities for setbacks. Even if a temporary ceasefire were agreed on, the war would be far from over. The night before the Jeddah talks, Ukraine launched its largest drone strike yet, sending nearly 400 to hit targets as far away as Moscow. Meanwhile Russia has continued its relentless bombardment of Ukraine with missiles and drones on a near-nightly basis.
Trump has been clear about his desire to end the war, but since returning to office in January he has learned that this is easier said than done.
When I visited the front lines in the Kherson region, it was clear that decisions made in Jeddah, Washington, or Moscow are often irrelevant to those fighting on the ground. For the soldiers in the trenches, survival is the only priority. Until an actual ceasefire is implemented — not just discussed — nothing will change for them.
Another major development in the war, and one that represents a significant setback for Ukraine, is Russia’s counteroffensive in its Kursk region. Ukraine launched a surprise attack last August and captured a sizeable portion of territory. The idea was to hold on to this land as a bargaining chip for future negotiations. But over the past seven months, Russian forces — bolstered by thousands of North Korean troops — have steadily regained control. Last week it appears that Moscow had completed its recapture of all the territory Ukraine seized.
It will be up to future historians to assess whether the Kursk offensive accomplished tactical objectives or if it was a strategic miscalculation. In the short term, however, it does not help Ukraine’s position at the negotiating table. The loss of Kursk weakens its leverage.
After traveling around Ukraine this past week, I am certain of one thing: the Ukrainian people are exhausted from the war. But they also know they have no choice but to keep fighting as long as Russia continues its aggression. If there is to be any lasting peace, it must include security guarantees ensuring that Russia will not attack again. This is the biggest challenge for Kyiv. Trump has ruled out NATO membership for Ukraine and has shifted the responsibility for security guarantees on to Europe. However, because the U.S. and most European countries operate under the same security umbrella, in practice it would be difficult to separate American and European commitments. The road to peace is long, and the war is far from over. The ongoing fighting in Donetsk, Kursk, and Kherson proves that reality. The biggest question now is whether the progress made in Jeddah will hold. There is always the risk that Trump is looking for a short-term political victory rather than a lasting peace agreement. If the ceasefire collapses, the war will probably escalate again, and Ukraine may find itself in an even more difficult position than before.
For now, all eyes are on Moscow. The coming weeks will determine whether Russia is serious about peace or if the war will continue indefinitely.
**Luke Coffey is a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. X: @LukeDCoffey