English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For February 15/2025
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

The Bulletin's Link on the lccc Site
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/aaaanewsfor2025/english.february15.25.htm

News Bulletin Achieves Since 2006
Click Here to enter the LCCC Arabic/English news bulletins Achieves since 2006 

Click On The Below Link To Join Eliasbejjaninews whatsapp group
https://chat.whatsapp.com/FPF0N7lE5S484LNaSm0MjW

اضغط على الرابط في أعلى للإنضمام لكروب Eliasbejjaninews whatsapp group

Elias Bejjani/Click on the below link to subscribe to my youtube channel
الياس بجاني/اضغط على الرابط في أسفل للإشتراك في موقعي ع اليوتيوب
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAOOSioLh1GE3C1hp63Camw

Bible Quotations For today
A bishop, as God’s steward, must be blameless; not arrogant or quick-tempered or addicted to wine or violent or greedy for gain; but he must be hospitable, a lover of goodness, prudent, upright, devout, and self-controlled.
Letter to Titus 01/01-09/:”Paul, a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ, for the sake of the faith of God’s elect and the knowledge of the truth that is in accordance with godliness, in the hope of eternal life that God, who never lies, promised before the ages began in due time he revealed his word through the proclamation with which I have been entrusted by the command of God our Saviour, To Titus, my loyal child in the faith we share: Grace and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Saviour. I left you behind in Crete for this reason, that you should put in order what remained to be done, and should appoint elders in every town, as I directed you: someone who is blameless, married only once, whose children are believers, not accused of debauchery and not rebellious. For a bishop, as God’s steward, must be blameless; he must not be arrogant or quick-tempered or addicted to wine or violent or greedy for gain; but he must be hospitable, a lover of goodness, prudent, upright, devout, and self-controlled. He must have a firm grasp of the word that is trustworthy in accordance with the teaching, so that he may be able both to preach with sound doctrine and to refute those who contradict it.”

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on February 14-15/2025
Text & Video/For These Reasons, We Fear the Nasserite Arabists, Fatah Supporters, and Leftists Like Nawaf Salam and Tarek MitriElias Bejjani/February 15/2025
Gobran Bassil & Micheal Aoun Are Actually The Enemies Of The Lebanese Christians/Elias Bejjani/February 12/2025
Theoretically, Nawaf Salam’s Interview Was Encouraging… But Doubt and Fear Remain Regarding Implementation/Elias Bejjani/February 11/ 2025
Theoretically, Nawaf Salam’s Interview Was Encouraging… But Doubt and Fear Remain Regarding Implementation/Elias Bejjani/February 11/ 2025
It Is Astonishing to See a Rational Lebanese Praises Michel Aoun & Fails To See Him For What He Truly Is/Elias Bejjani/February 11, 2025
UNIFIL Deputy Commander Injured in Attack by Hezbollah Supporters Near Beirut Airport
UNIFIL vehicle torched as Hezbollah supporters block airport road anew
UNIFIL urges 'immediate' probe into vehicle torching, UN coordinator says attack unacceptable
Lebanon: France Proposes the Deployment of UNIFIL for a Definitive Israeli Withdrawal
Iran accuses Israel of disrupting air route to Lebanon
US general sees progress as Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire deadline approaches
Israeli security official says army readying to 'withdraw from Lebanon'
The Lebanese Information Center Condemns Attack on UNIFIL Convoy
Hariri hints at return to politics, urges Shiite Duo not to be 'obstruction force'
Hariri returns to politics, backs PM Salam, calls for unity
Lebanon marks 20th anniversary of Rafik Hariri's assassination amid political shifts
Aoun, Salam commemorate Rafik Hariri as thousands rally in central Beirut
Top commander with UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon is injured by protesters
Israeli airstrikes target alleged Hezbollah sites in the South
UN chief urges Israel and Lebanon to honor their commitments
Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon would benefit all parties/Dr. Dania Koleilat Khatib/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Drugs, weapons in Syria borderland where Hezbollah held sway

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on February 14-15/2025
Iran bars Lebanese planes from taking stranded citizens home after Israeli 'threat'
Iran is rearming its missile program and a ship of supplies just arrived from China, Western sources say
Trump backs ‘hard stance’ on Gaza, says he does not know what Israel will do
Israeli security official says military readying to withdraw from Lebanon
Gazans return to ruined homes and severe water shortage
Hamas names three Israeli hostages to be released Saturday as part of Gaza ceasefire
France says EU working toward ‘rapid’ easing of Syria sanctions
Syria’s new leaders zero in on Assad’s business barons
Syria receives local currency printed in Russia before Assad’s fall
Security Council condemns death of UN aid worker in Houthi detention
Ukraine-US talks end without agreement on critical minerals deal
Russian forces take control of two settlements in eastern Ukraine, TASS says
Vance attack on Europe overshadows Ukraine talks at security conference
Saudi Arabia praises US-Russia call, welcomes possible summit in Kingdom
Turkiye’s Erdogan says US making “wrong calculations” in Mideast

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on February 14-15/2025
Given Christianity's dominance in US, Trump raises eyebrows with anti-Christian bias initiative/Peter Smith/The Associated Press/February 14, 2025
'Why Did You Sit at Home among the Sheepfolds?': Israel and the People of the Book/Nils A. Haug/Gatestone Institute./February 14, 2025
Erdogan on tour as Turkiye pivots to Asia/Dr. Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Why Europe’s security must be a key US aim/Luke Coffey/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Smart cities must embrace the circular economy/Majed Al-Qatari/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Erdogan on tour as Turkiye pivots to Asia/Dr. Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Why Europe’s security must be a key US aim/Luke Coffey/Arab News/February 14, 2025

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on February 14-15/2025
Elias Bejjani/Text & Video/For These Reasons, We Fear the Nasserite Arabists, Fatah Supporters, and Leftists Like Nawaf Salam and Tarek Mitri
Elias Bejjani/February 15/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/02/140191/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1zFkE_4Me8&t=9s
In Lebanon, some—leftists, fake nationalists, eternal adversaries of Israel, and those who trade in the deception of so-called "resistance & Liberation"—criticize us (The Lebanese Patriots) for labeling Nawaf Salam and Tarek Mitri as Nasserite Arabists and as Palestinians more Palestinian than Arafat the Muslim Brotherhood loyalist, George Habash the leftist, and Yahya Sinwar the jihadist. They accuse us of being Lebanese nationalists, opposing the Taif Agreement, and advocating for federalism and partition.
Rather than engaging in futile debates with Lebanon’s enemies and those who reject the Christian role in governing the country, we respond firmly and unapologetically, relying on the facts and history that expose the true nature of these figures and their ideology:
Abdel Nasser Nasser and all the officers who overthrew King Farouk’s regime in Egypt were members of the Muslim Brotherhood. There is no need to elaborate on the hatred, extremism, and radical objectives of this jihadist movement.
Abdel Nasser, who infused Arabism with Brotherhood ideology, led the region into ignorance, populism, and fanaticism, culminating in one of the greatest defeats in Arab history. He failed in his union with Syria, his war in Yemen, his hostility toward the Gulf states, and in every civilian, military, social, and political endeavor. Today, few in Egypt even know where his grave is.
Meanwhile, Palestinian organizations—chief among them Fatah, which Nawaf Salam, Tarek Mitri, and many others supported under the deceptive umbrella of the so-called "National Movement"—turned against Lebanon, its people, and its government, particularly the Christians. They waged wars, launched invasions, and committed massacres, all while promoting delusions that the road to Palestine passed through Jounieh. In this, they are no different from Iran’s mullahs and their jihadist proxies, including Hezbollah, who—by deliberate choice—have never once found the road to Jerusalem. According to their twisted logic, the road to Jerusalem passes through Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo. Today, their deceit has evolved, and now, the road supposedly runs through Beirut International Airport!
As for the Arabists and Fake nationalists—whether Baathists, Syrian nationalists, leftists, communists, or others consumed by hatred for everything, including themselves, their people, and their homelands (excluding the Gulf Arab identity, which fundamentally opposes Nasserite and Arafatist Arabism)—their record of failures and betrayals is immeasurable. They are not only Lebanon’s enemies but also their own worst adversaries. With the fall of Assad’s regional influence, they have vanished from every ruling Arab government. It is also worth noting that Erdogan and Qatar’s rulers belong to the same jihadist breed, and the devastation of Gaza is a direct consequence of their policies.
This is why our concern for Lebanon and its people is both urgent and justified—against every Arabist, Nasserite, leftist, fake nationalist, mullah loyalist, and deceiver who chants about throwing Israel into the sea, "liberating" Palestine, and praying in Jerusalem.
Based on all of the above, and because Nawaf Salam, Tarek Mitri, and perhaps Ghassan Salamé are deeply rooted in the defeatist, deceptive ideology of Arafat and Nasser—one built on manipulation, false resistance, and perpetual failure (Arafat himself was a prominent Muslim Brotherhood member)—we have every right to reject them in the current new Lebanese government, or at least to fear their non-Lebanese agendas. How can we be trustful when the newly formed government’s primary mission must be the complete eradication of Iranian influence, embodied in Hezbollah’s terrorist network, and active participation in the Arab-Israeli peace process embraced by all Arab states.
Ultimately, the mindset and ideology of leftists, Nasserite Arabists, mullah loyalists, Islamists, and jihadists are, at their core, one and the same.

Gobran Bassil & Micheal Aoun Are Actually The Enemies Of The Lebanese Christians
Elias Bejjani/February 12/2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/02/140118/
Gebran Bassil, Michel Aoun, and the swarm of opportunists surrounding them, are the last people on Earth who have any right or legitimacy to claim the representation of Lebanese Christians or their rights. Someone should do Bassil a favor and tell him that Lucifer, the king of the devils himself might represent Lebanon’s Christians rights and governing positions a million times more than he, his father-in-law Micheal Aoun, and their masters the Iranian Mullahs and the toppled Syrian Assad, the butcher.
Bassil needs to drop the charade and stop masquerading as a defender of Christian rights. His relentless media propaganda, filled with lies and heresies, must come to an end. Lebanese Christians deserve a break from his childish stupidity and shameless deception.
A free piece of advice: Gebran Bassil should back off and not forget—or pretend to forget—that he is the only Lebanese Christian and Maronite in history to be officially sanctioned for corruption by the United States. With that in mind, he should drop the so-called "Christian rights" issue from his agenda, step aside, and spare the people from his endless chatter and nonsense.

Theoretically, Nawaf Salam’s Interview Was Encouraging… But Doubt and Fear Remain Regarding Implementation
Elias Bejjani/February 11/ 2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/02/140093/
For years, I have never trusted the Nasserist Arab nationalist Nawaf Salam. Today, despite his verbal constitutional and legal approaches in his interview with TL , he has neither reassured me nor dispelled my doubts and fears. The real judgment on his mission as as the PM will be based on actions, not words.


It Is Astonishing to See a Rational Lebanese Praises Michel Aoun & Fails To See Him For What He Truly Is
Elias Bejjani/February 11, 2025
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/02/140059/
Michel Aoun, by undeniable facts and evidence, is corrupt, a Judas, and an enemy to his homeland. He abandoned his slogans, betrayed his people, and traded Lebanon’s sovereignty for a presidential chair on which he was nothing more than a ghost for six years. He built his popularity on opposing the Syrian occupation and attacking it, only to later whitewash it as an “experience marred by some mistakes.” Then, he signed a pact with Hezbollah—the party of Satan—dedicated to erasing Lebanon, its identity, and its history. We, as Maronites, have never known a leader or politician who has harmed us, humiliated our history, and distorted our national conscience more than he has. It is truly baffling that any sovereign-minded Lebanese, or any rational person—could see Aoun, his son-in-law, or anyone of the opportunists who remained with him after his disgraceful pact with Nasrallah, as anything other than a Lasiffors of destruction, perhaps even more catastrophic than him by light-years.

UNIFIL Deputy Commander Injured in Attack by Hezbollah Supporters Near Beirut Airport
This is Beirut/
February 14, 2025
On Friday evening, a convoy carrying UNIFIL’s outgoing Deputy Commander, General Chok Bahadur Dhakal, was attacked by Hezbollah supporters near Beirut airport. General Dhakal sustained injuries and was hospitalized, while one of the three vehicles in the convoy was set on fire. Other members of the convoy were able to seek refuge within the airport compound. In an attempt to deflect blame, Hezbollah claimed that the chaos around the airport was caused by “undisciplined troublemakers,” according to Al-Manar TV. The group accused these individuals of engaging in “anarchic actions for questionable purposes,” knowing that Hezbollah holds firm control over the area. The Lebanese army responded swiftly to the escalation, demanding the immediate arrest of those responsible for the attack. As protests spread to Salim Salam Street and the Ring area near downtown Beirut, the military, deployed in large numbers, cleared the roads by removing barricades made of burning tires and rubble, which protesters had used to block access. For the second consecutive night, Hezbollah supporters had shut down the airport road, first by burning tires, and then by bringing in trucks filled with dirt and debris to block all access to the airport. This was in protest against Lebanon’s decision to ban a flight from the Iranian airline Mahan Air to Beirut. The United Nations quickly advised its personnel to avoid using the airport road, while the Lebanese army issued a warning about the ongoing disruptions. “Several areas, including the vicinity of the airport, are seeing protest activities marked by violations of public order, including attacks on soldiers and UNIFIL peacekeepers,” the army wrote on its X account.
The army also warned that continued unrest could lead to internal tensions with unpredictable consequences for Lebanon’s during this period, promising to “firmly prevent any harm to civil peace” and take action against those responsible for the unrest. Justice Minister Adel Nassar, for its part, called the interim public prosecutor, Jamal Hajjar, to request an investigation into the airport incidents. The investigation will be conducted by the army’s intelligence services. Meanwhile, Prime Minister-designate Nawaf Salam contacted the UN Special Coordinator for Lebanon, Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, and UNIFIL Commander General Aroldo Lazaro Saenz to assure them that steps were being taken to identify and arrest those responsible for the attack. The interim chief of the Lebanese army, General Hassane Audeh, also assured General Saenz of the army’s commitment to bringing the attackers to justice. The attack sparked widespread condemnation, including from the Amal Movement, Hezbollah’s ally, which issued a statement calling any assault on UNIFIL an attack on South Lebanon itself. “Any roadblock, wherever it occurs, undermines civil peace,” Amal warned, urging the army to take decisive action against the instigators. Later in the evening, UNIFIL confirmed that its Deputy Commander had been injured while returning home after completing his mission in Lebanon. “We are deeply shocked by this outrageous attack on peacekeepers who have been working for years to restore security and stability in southern Lebanon during these challenging times,” the statement read, emphasizing that “attacks on peacekeepers are a clear violation of international law and could be considered war crimes.” UNIFIL called for “an immediate investigation” and demanded that the attackers be brought to justice, reaffirming that its peacekeepers would continue their mission to restore security and stability in southern Lebanon. The special coordinator for Lebanon, Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, also said in a statement that the attack was “unacceptable”. “Such an act of violence threatens the safety of United Nations staff who work tirelessly to maintain stability in Lebanon, sometimes at great personal risk”, she added. Mrs. Hennis-Plasschaert emphasized that “the United Nations remains committed to working with the Lebanese government and all relevant stakeholders to preserve stability and implement United Nations Security Council resolution 1701”. “A full, transparent investigation must urgently be pursued to bring the perpetrators to justice”, she insisted.

UNIFIL vehicle torched as Hezbollah supporters block airport road anew
Agence France Pressee/
February 14, 2025
A vehicle emblazoned with the logo of the U.N. peacekeeping force in Lebanon was torched late Friday as supporters of Hezbollah again blocked the road to Beirut airport. The charred vehicle lay abandoned by the roadside as Lebanese troops deployed in response to the protest and managed to reopen the road and restore order in the area. UNIFIL said its outgoing deputy commander was injured in the incident. “We are shocked by this outrageous attack on peacekeepers who have been serving to restore security and stability to south Lebanon during a difficult time,” it said. It said that the deputy commander — Maj. Gen. Chok Bahadur Dhakal from Nepal — had been set to leave the country after completing his mission when the UNIFIL convoy “was violently attacked, and a vehicle was set on fire.” The Lebanese Army said in a statement that acting commander Maj. Gen. Hassan Odeh had contacted UNIFIL and promised to “work to arrest the citizens who attacked its members and bring them to justice.” In another statement, the army pledged to take firm action against those who attacked the UNIFIL vehicle and peacekeepers. "Several areas, particularly the area around the airport... have been the scene of demonstrations marked by acts of vandalism and clashes, including assaults on members of the armed forces and attacks against vehicles" of the United Nations, the army posted on X, adding that troops would take "firm action to prevent any breach of public order and arrest troublemakers." The army also warned that such actions threaten to create dangerous internal tensions. Protesters later blocked the Salim Salam and Ring highways in Beirut, before the army managed to reopen them. It was the second straight day that Hezbollah supporters had blocked the airport road in protest at a decision barring two Iranian planes from landing. Iran accused Israel on Friday of disrupting flights from Tehran to Beirut. Israel has repeatedly accused Hezbollah of using Lebanon's only airport to transfer weapons from Iran and struck the area during its war with the Tehran-backed militant group which ended late last year. The Iranian foreign ministry said that "the threat by the Zionist regime to a passenger plane carrying Lebanese citizens has disrupted normal flights to Beirut airport". The statement by ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei did not specify the nature of the threat attributed to Israel, but comes after Israeli military spokesman Avichay Adraee had warned the army was prepared "to thwart" any attempts to transfer funds or weapons to Hezbollah. Hezbollah and Lebanese officials have denied Israel's claims that Beirut's Rafik Hariri International Airport was used to arm the militant group. Baqaei condemned Israel's "gross and continuous violations of the principles and rules of international law and violations of Lebanon's national sovereignty". He also called for the International Civil Aviation Organization and other world bodies "to stop Israel's dangerous behavior against the safety and security of civil aviation". Lebanon's Directorate General of Civil Aviation said on Thursday it had "temporarily rescheduled" some flights including from Iran until February 18 as it was implementing "additional security measures". That date coincides with the deadline for the full implementation of a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hezbollah. The Israeli military's Adraee has said that Iran and Hezbollah "have been exploiting... the Beirut international airport through civilian flights, to smuggle funds dedicated to arming" the group. After the airport protests on Thursday, Lebanese authorities said they were working to bring back Lebanese passengers stranded in Iran with planes belonging to the Beirut-based Middle East Airlines. But Saeed Chalandari, CEO of Tehran's Imam Khomeini Airport said on Friday that Iran had rejected the proposal. "Naturally, we do not agree to their request, because if there is to be a flight between the two countries, it must be a two-way flight," Chalandari told Iranian news agency Tasnim. Iran's ambassador to Lebanon, Mojtaba Amani, said that Tehran could agree to the Middle East Airlines evacuation flights "on the condition that they (Lebanese authorities) don't block Iranian flights."

UNIFIL urges 'immediate' probe into vehicle torching, UN coordinator says attack unacceptable
Agence France Pressee/
February 14, 2025
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon on Friday demanded a "full and immediate investigation by Lebanese authorities" Friday after one of its vehicles was torched by Hezbollah supporters on the airport road, wounding its outgoing deputy commander. "Attacks on peacekeepers are flagrant violations of international law and may amount to war crimes," the UNIFIL peacekeeping force said. "We demand a full and immediate investigation by Lebanese authorities and for all perpetrators to be brought to justice," U.N. Special Coordinator for Lebanon Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert meanwhile called the attack unacceptable and warned that "such an act of violence threatens the safety of United Nations staff who work tirelessly to maintain stability in Lebanon, sometimes at great personal risk." "The United Nations remains committed to working with the Lebanese Government and all relevant stakeholders to preserve stability and implement United Nations Security Council resolution 1701 (2006). A full, transparent investigation must urgently be pursued to bring the perpetrators to justice," she added.

Lebanon: France Proposes the Deployment of UNIFIL for a Definitive Israeli Withdrawal
This is Beirut/
February 14, 2025
France has proposed that some soldiers from the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), including French troops, be deployed in positions in southern Lebanon to allow for a "complete and definitive" withdrawal of Israel, announced Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot on Thursday. "The ceasefire has been extended until February 18, the date on which Israel's definitive withdrawal is expected," Barrot recalled at a press conference following the international conference on Syria. However, Israel wants to maintain five positions in southern Lebanon after February 18, which Beirut has refused. "We have worked to formulate a proposal that could meet Israel's security concerns, which planned to stay longer," Barrot continued. "We have proposed that some UNIFIL contingents, including the French, could take over these observation posts," he said, adding that the UN Secretary-General was "in agreement" with this proposal. "It is now up to us to convince the Israelis that this solution will enable a complete and definitive withdrawal," Barrot added.According to the truce agreement between Israel and Lebanon, implemented on November 27, the Lebanese army was supposed to deploy in the South alongside UN peacekeepers, while the Israeli army was to withdraw over a 60-day period, later extended until February 18.The Hezbollah was also to dismantle its infrastructure in the South, near the Israeli border, and withdraw to the north of the Litani River during this period.With AFP

Iran accuses Israel of disrupting air route to Lebanon
Agence France Presse/
February 14, 2025
Iran accused Israel on Friday of disrupting flights from Tehran to Beirut, after a decision barring two Iranian planes from landing in the Lebanese capital sparked protests. Israel has repeatedly accused Hezbollah of using Lebanon's only airport to transfer weapons from Iran and struck the area during its war with the Tehran-backed militant group which ended late last year. The Iranian foreign ministry said that "the threat by the Zionist regime to a passenger plane carrying Lebanese citizens has disrupted normal flights to Beirut airport".The statement by ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei did not specify the nature of the threat attributed to Israel, but comes after Israeli military spokesman Avichay Adraee had warned the army was prepared "to thwart" any attempts to transfer funds or weapons to Hezbollah. Hezbollah and Lebanese officials have denied Israel's claims that Beirut's Rafik Hariri International Airport was used to arm the militant group. Baqaei condemned Israel's "gross and continuous violations of the principles and rules of international law and violations of Lebanon's national sovereignty".He also called for the International Civil Aviation Organization and other world bodies "to stop Israel's dangerous behavior against the safety and security of civil aviation". Lebanon's Directorate General of Civil Aviation said on Thursday it had "temporarily rescheduled" some flights including from Iran until February 18 as it was implementing "additional security measures". That date coincides with the deadline for the full implementation of a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hezbollah. The Israeli military's Adraee has said that Iran and Hezbollah "have been exploiting... the Beirut international airport through civilian flights, to smuggle funds dedicated to arming" the group. Late Thursday, a crowd of Lebanese supporters of Hezbollah blocked the Beirut airport road and burned tires to protest the decision to bar the Iranian planes from landing. AFP images showed young men raising Hezbollah's yellow flag and holding portraits of the group's former leader Hassan Nasrallah, who was killed in an Israeli strike in September, and of Iran's slain Revolutionary Guards commander Qasem Soleimani. After the airport protests, authorities said they were working to bring back Lebanese passengers stranded in Iran with planes belonging to the Beirut-based Middle East Airlines. But Saeed Chalandari, CEO of Tehran's Imam Khomeini Airport said on Friday that Iran had rejected the proposal. "Naturally, we do not agree to their request, because if there is to be a flight between the two countries, it must be a two-way flight," Chalandari told Iranian news agency Tasnim. Iran's ambassador to Lebanon, Mojtaba Amani, said that Tehran could agree to the Middle East Airlines evacuation flights "on the condition that they (Lebanese authorities) don't block Iranian flights."

US general sees progress as Israel-Hezbollah ceasefire deadline approaches
Associated Press/
February 14, 2025
The U.S. representative on a committee overseeing the ceasefire agreement that ended the latest Israel-Hezbollah war said Friday that “significant progress” had been made ahead of a looming deadline to implement all the terms of the deal. However, Maj. Gen. Jasper Jeffers' statement appeared to leave some ambiguity on whether Israel would withdraw its forces from all of southern Lebanon by the ceasefire's Feb. 18 deadline, saying only that he was confident “all population centers in the Southern Litani Area” would be back under Lebanese control by then. In areas where Israeli forces pull out, the Lebanese Army and a U.N. peacekeeping force known as UNIFIL are tasked with ensuring Hezbollah does not reestablish a military presence. The deadline for Israel and Hezbollah to withdraw was initially set for late January, but Israel and Lebanon agreed to extend it. Lebanese officials say they won't agree to another extension and adamantly reject an Israeli proposal to keep Israeli forces in five border points after leaving other areas. French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot said Thursday that his country had proposed a beefed-up UNIFIL presence, including French forces, in place of Israeli troops at those five points. The monitoring committee also includes France, Lebanon, Israel and UNIFIL.

Israeli security official says army readying to 'withdraw from Lebanon'

Agence France Presse/
February 14, 2025
The Israeli military is prepared to withdraw from Lebanese territory and hand over areas to the Lebanese Army "within the timeline" set by a U.S.-French-mediated ceasefire agreement, a senior Israeli security official said. Under the ceasefire that took effect November 27, Lebanon's military was to deploy in the south alongside United Nations peacekeepers as the Israeli army withdrew over a 60-day period, later extended until February 18. Hezbollah was also expected to vacate its positions in the south, near the Israeli border, during that timeframe. "We are still deployed in accordance with the U.S. monitored agreement and we are working closely with the U.S. to make sure that handing over responsibility to the Lebanese Army will happen within the timeline," the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity in accordance with protocols, said. Speaker Nabih Berri said on Thursday the United States had informed him that, while Israel would withdraw on February 18, "it will remain in five locations." Lebanon rejected this, he said in a statement. The Israeli official did not comment on whether the withdrawal also applied to the five locations mentioned by Berri. The official, said however that the military withdrawal was in motion and "the next step of the agreement stipulates that we will withdraw to Blue Line handing over in orderly fashion to the Lebanese Army in the area where we pull out from." The Israeli military, however, was continuing to monitor Hezbollah's movements, he said, adding: "We have seen several clear incidents where Hezbollah was trying to breach the agreement such as infiltrating south in civilian clothes, trying to restore or remove munitions and also smuggling arms in the Bekaa valley." The U.N. as well as Hezbollah have also accused Israel of committing violations during the ceasefire. Hezbollah and Israel clashed for more than a year, including in two months of all-out war, before the November 27 agreement came into effect. The Iran-backed Lebanese armed group said its hostilities with Israel were in solidarity with Palestinian militant group Hamas in Gaza, where Israel fought a deadly war for more than a year before international mediators brokered a fragile truce in January.

The Lebanese Information Center Condemns Attack on UNIFIL Convoy
Washington/February 14, 2025
The Lebanese Information Center (LIC) strongly condemns the heinous attack on a UNIFIL convoy earlier today, February 14, 2025, which resulted in the violent destruction of a vehicle and the injury of UNIFIL’s outgoing Deputy Force Commander as he was returning home after completing his mission. This blatant violation of international law is an affront to the peacekeeping efforts that have been essential in maintaining security and stability in South Lebanon during this critical time.
We extend our profound gratitude to the UN peacekeepers for their unwavering sacrifices and commitment to peace in South Lebanon, despite the persistent dangers they face. Their service remains a cornerstone of stability in Lebanon and the broader region, and such violent acts must not be allowed to undermine their vital mission.
We urge the Lebanese government to take immediate and decisive action to secure the airport road and other critical infrastructures, ensuring the safety of civilians, visitors, and peacekeeping forces. The failure to secure these strategic areas puts lives at risk and threatens Lebanon’s ability to restore order under the new administration of President Joseph Aoun.
Furthermore, we reiterate our call for the full disarmament of all armed groups operating outside the authority of the Lebanese state, primarily Hezbollah, whose continued military activities pose the greatest threat to Lebanon’s sovereignty and stability. The proliferation of illegal weapons endangers the Lebanese people and erodes national sovereignty. It is imperative that Lebanese authorities take decisive measures to restore security and reassert state control.
We also call for a full and immediate investigation into this reprehensible attack, with those responsible swiftly brought to justice. Attacks on peacekeepers are not only an assault on international forces but a direct challenge to the rule of law and the global order we all strive to uphold.

Hariri hints at return to politics, urges Shiite Duo not to be 'obstruction force'
Naharnet/February 14, 2025
In a speech to a crowd of supporters at his father's tomb on Friday, ex-PM Saad Hariri stopped short of announcing a return to politics, but did say his al-Mustaqbal Movement would "stay with you and be your voice in all national milestones and in all upcoming events." “The same as I bow to all martyrs from our people in the South, the Bekaa, Beirut, Dahieh and all regions, I pride myself in the solidarity that you showed during the (latest Israeli) war (on Lebanon), when you opened your homes to the aggrieved and welcomed the displaced, proving through action and not words that Lebanon is unified and that the Lebanese are one body,” Hariri added, in a speech marking the 20th anniversary of Rafik Hariri’s assassination. Hariri added that the election of a new president and the formation of a new government represent a “golden chance” for Lebanon. “To our people in the South, the Bekaa and Dahieh I say: you are partners in this chance, and without you it cannot be fulfilled. But you must break any past impression that you are a force of obstruction and arms,” Hariri said, apparently addressing the Shiite Duo -- Hezbollah and the Amal Movement. He added: “We will support the presidential tenure, the government and every effort aimed at building a normal state and normal relations with our Arab family and the international community.”

Hariri returns to politics, backs PM Salam, calls for unity
NAJIA HOUSSARI/Arab News/February 14, 2025
BEIRUT: Former Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri announced on Friday, the 20th anniversary of the assassination of his father Rafic Hariri, also a former PM, the “return of the Future Movement to political activity in all upcoming milestones and events.”
This comes after a three-year suspension of his political engagement and that of his party.Hariri affirmed that the party, founded by his late father, “will continue, rooted in adherence to the Taif Constitution, state-building, reconstruction, and institutional development. We ask for nothing but a normal state where no weapons exist outside the authority of the state.”Speaking before crowds that had gathered since the morning from Beirut, Bekaa, and the north, waving Lebanese flags in Martyrs’ Square in downtown Beirut and chanting his name, Hariri stated: “The supporters of Rafic Hariri remain here, and your voices will be heard in every upcoming national milestone. Everything comes in its own time.”In what politicians have described as a “responsible, non-provocative, and unifying speech,” Hariri emphasized: “We now have a president, a government, and new hope, which was expressed in the inaugural speech and the statement of Prime Minister Nawaf Salam. This is a golden opportunity, and our decision is to support it and reject any attempt to circumvent it.”Addressing the residents of the south, Bekaa, and Beirut’s southern suburbs — who suffered the brunt of the Israeli war against Hezbollah — Hariri said: “You are partners in this opportunity, and without you, it cannot be realized. You must break the previous impression that you are a force of obstruction, domination, and arms. You are partners in building bridges with Arab brothers and in reconstruction. You are key partners in restoring the legitimacy of the state, which alone — through its army, security forces, and institutions — can protect all Lebanese citizens.”Hariri added: “Demanding a normal state means a state where weapons are exclusively in the hands of the national army and legitimate security forces, where the economy is free, productive, and provides jobs and a dignified life for all Lebanese. It means a state where the judiciary is independent, laws are upheld, freedoms are protected, and justice is served for the martyrs, the wounded, and those affected by the Beirut port explosion.”
He praised citizens who opened their homes to those forced to flee their communities.
“From the south to the Bekaa, from Beirut to its southern suburbs, we honor all those we have lost. The same unity that carried us through conflict must now heal the unified Lebanese body and drive our reconstruction,” he said, calling for a coordinated effort to rebuild affected areas. “We fully back the presidency and government in their efforts to build a functioning state,” Hariri said, emphasizing the importance of restoring Lebanon’s regional role and maintaining healthy relationships with both Arab nations and the international community. Hariri expressed strong support for state institutions and the Lebanese army, particularly in their efforts to implement UN Resolution 1701 and ensure complete Israeli withdrawal from occupied villages. “Twenty years ago, you demanded justice and, through your determination, removed Bashar Assad’s criminal regime from Lebanon. Now after 20 years, and before that, 30 years of sectarian rule, suffering, injustice, murder, imprisonment, torture, and brutality, the heroic Syrian people have risen and expelled this criminal from Syria. Perhaps this marks not just the beginning of justice, but its ultimate triumph.”Hariri stressed: “We stand firmly with the Syrian people’s aspirations and their right to self-determination. Our vision is clear: a stable, rebuilt Syria engaging with Lebanon as an equal partner, where both nations’ sovereignty and independence are fully respected.”Addressing regional issues, Hariri reaffirmed his commitment to Palestinian rights and the two-state solution. He criticized Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu’s approach saying that “the problem with Netanyahu is his evasion of responsibility and peace in favor of war.”He warned against attempts to resolve the conflict at the expense of neighboring Arab states including Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.
President Joseph Aoun paid tribute to Rafic Hariri, calling him “a statesman par excellence.” He highlighted that “his political stance played a crucial role in strengthening national unity, safeguarding civil peace, and implementing the National Reconciliation Document endorsed by the Taif Conference.”
The ceremony, held near Hariri’s tomb, drew tens of thousands of Lebanese, including supporters of the Future Movement. The event coincided with Israeli warplanes flying over Beirut and its southern suburbs. Meanwhile, the Lebanese and Iranian foreign ministries worked to facilitate the return of Lebanese passengers from Tehran after Lebanese authorities denied a plane from the Iranian capital permission to land at Beirut airport under Israeli pressure. Youssef Rajji, Lebanon’s foreign minister, said on Friday that “the Lebanese and Iranian ministries are in communication through the Lebanese ambassador in Tehran to ensure the return of the Lebanese citizens to Beirut.”
On the same day, all roads leading to Beirut airport were reopened following the army’s intervention, ending hours of protests on Thursday night. Hundreds of Hezbollah supporters had taken to the streets, setting tires ablaze in protest and accusing “the Lebanese state of yielding to Israeli and American demands.”
Avichai Adraee, spokesperson for the Israeli army, posted a claim alleging that “the Quds Force and Hezbollah are using Beirut airport to smuggle funds intended for arming Hezbollah on civilian planes.”Following a directive from the Ministry of Transport and Public Works, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation at Beirut airport informed Tehran airport that it would temporarily refrain from receiving the Iranian aircraft. In a statement, the directorate explained that additional security measures would be implemented to ensure the safety of Beirut airport, Lebanese airspace, and passengers, in coordination with airport security authorities. These measures align with international aviation standards, but their full implementation would require additional time for certain airlines to comply. Consequently, flight schedules — including those from Iran — have been temporarily adjusted until Feb. 18. A political source linked the incident to intelligence suggesting that the plane was carrying funds for Hezbollah, raising security concerns. Given the airport’s heightened surveillance, authorities have taken precautionary measures to mitigate any potential risks. Hezbollah, through its deputy Ibrahim Al-Moussawi, accused Israel of repeatedly violating Lebanese sovereignty with US complicity. He urged the state to stand firm against Israeli threats, regardless of the circumstances. On Jan. 3, an Iranian plane was searched after an Iranian diplomat on board refused to comply with security procedures. However, the Iranian Embassy later clarified that the funds in the diplomat’s possession were intended for the embassy’s operational expenses.

Lebanon marks 20th anniversary of Rafik Hariri's assassination amid political shifts
Sally Abou Aljoud/BEIRUT (AP) /February 14, 2025
Thousands of supporters gathered in downtown Beirut on Friday to mark the 20th anniversary of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri’s assassination, which comes amid seismic regional political shifts. The ousting of Bashar Assad in December after 54 years of family rule in Syria marked the fall of a government long accused of orchestrating Hariri’s assassination and other political killings in Lebanon. Meanwhile, the Lebanese militant group Hezbollah — whose members were convicted by a U.N.-backed tribunal for their role in Hariri’s murder — now faces its own turning point following the assassination of its leader, Hassan Nasrallah, in an Israeli airstrike in September. Nasrallah’s funeral is set for February 23. “This is the beginning of justice. If the justice of the earth did not serve us, no one escapes the justice of heaven," said Hariri’s son, former Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri, as he addressed a huge crowd in the capital Beirut. "After 20 years, Rafik Hariri’s project is continuing, and those who tried to kill the project, look where they are now," Saad added. Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, appointed in early February, visited Hariri’s burial site Friday. “Today, we remember the legacy of the great martyr in serving Lebanon, preserving its national unity, and working for its prosperity,” Salam wrote on X. “He was greatly respected in the Arab world and the world, leaving Lebanon with a remarkable moral and political legacy.”
Lebanon’s president Joseph Aoun also paid tribute to Hariri, saying on X that Hariri's "national stances were a fundamental building block in strengthening national unity and protecting civil peace.”Hariri was killed on Feb. 14, 2005, when a massive bomb exploded near the St. Georges Hotel, a historic landmark on Beirut’s waterfront. The blast killed 21 other people and injured over 200. In 2020, a U.N.-backed tribunal convicted one member of the Hezbollah militant group and acquitted three others of involvement in the assassination. The Special Tribunal for Lebanon said Salim Ayyash was guilty as a co-conspirator of five charges linked to his involvement in the suicide truck bombing. None of the suspects was ever arrested or attended court to hear the verdicts. The assassination of Hariri ignited the “Cedar Revolution,” leading to massive protests against Syria’s nearly three-decade military presence in Lebanon, ultimately culminating in the withdrawal of Syrian troops in 2005. The assassination also intensified sectarian divisions within Lebanon and bolstered the political influence of Assad's ally, Hezbollah.
Hopes that Lebanon ‘would unite’
Buses from across Lebanon arrived early, bringing supporters to downtown Beirut to commemorate the anniversary. Thousands of people filled the streets and waved Lebanese flags and the blue flag of Hariri's Future Movement to songs honoring Hariri's memory. “After the Syrian and Iranian guardianship ended and the ousting of the Syrian regime, the Lebanese state alone rules us,” Mohammad Kanaan told The Associated Press. “In this square, you expelled Bashar Assad from Lebanon,” Saad said during his speech. “And after twenty years of sectarian rule, detention and brutality, the heroic Syrian people rose up and expelled the criminal from Syria.”Another supporter, Ahmad Serhal, said he hoped that “Lebanon would unite” after the departure of Assad. “All the political shifts are for the good of this country. Lebanon is for all the Lebanese, we need to reach an agreement and unite.” “God took revenge upon those who assassinated president Rafik — from ousting Assad, from ousting the system that is allied with Iran,” Ahmad Trab said. “We hope for a better future now with Syria.”
Israeli withdrawal deadline looms
The anniversary of Hariri’s death comes just four days before the deadline for Israeli troops to withdraw from southern Lebanon under a ceasefire agreement that ended a 14-month war with Hezbollah in late November. The ceasefire deal also stipulates that Hezbollah must end its military presence south of the Litani River, with the Lebanese Army and UN peacekeepers deploying in the vacated areas. The pullout deadline, initially set for Jan. 26, was postponed to Feb. 18. Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri said Lebanon “absolutely rejects” an Israeli proposal to keep troops in five strategic border points after the withdrawal. “It is the responsibility of the Americans to impose (the withdrawal), otherwise they will have caused the biggest setback for the government,” he said. Aoun has also insisted that Israel must adhere to the agreed-upon timeline. During his speech, Saad also emphasized the need for the Israeli army's withdrawal from Lebanon. Saad addressed the people of southern and eastern Lebanon, regions largely supporters of and influenced by Hezbollah, urging them to seize Lebanon’s golden opportunity while dispelling any perception of being “a force of obstruction.”
Renewed Arab engagement
On Feb. 8, Lebanon formed a new government led by Salam, the first fully empowered administration since 2022. Salam, a former president of the International Court of Justice, was appointed following the election of Aoun in January. The 24-member cabinet includes a mix of technocrats and political figures, representing various sects, including Hezbollah’s allies. Although Hezbollah did not formally endorse Salam’s appointment, the group negotiated during the government formation process. The United States has expressed support for the new government, emphasizing the importance of stability and reforms, though opposing Hezbollah’s direct participation in the cabinet. Salam's government now faces Lebanon’s longstanding economic crisis and an urgent need to implement key financial reforms. The political shift has reopened the door for renewed Arab engagement, particularly from Saudi Arabia and the UAE, which had previously distanced themselves from Lebanon due to the growing influence of Iran and its ally, Hezbollah. These countries, which had strong ties with Lebanon under Hariri, are now reassessing their approach, with hopes of reintegrating Lebanon into the Arab fold.
*Sally Abou Aljoud, The Associated Press

Aoun, Salam commemorate Rafik Hariri as thousands rally in central Beirut
Associated Press/February 14, 2025
Thousands of supporters gathered in downtown Beirut Friday to commemorate the 20th anniversary of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri's assassination, which comes amid seismic regional political shifts. The ousting of Bashar Assad in December after 54 years of family rule in Syria marked the fall of a government long accused of orchestrating Hariri's assassination and other political killings in Lebanon. Meanwhile, Hezbollah — of which some members were convicted by a U.N.-backed tribunal for their role in Hariri's murder — now faces its own turning point following the assassination of its leader, Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, in an Israeli airstrike in September. Nasrallah's funeral is set for February 23.
"This is the beginning of justice. If the justice of the earth did not serve us, no one escapes the justice of heaven," said Hariri's son, former Prime Minister Saad Hariri, as he addressed a huge crowd in the capital Beirut.
"After 20 years, Rafik Hariri's project is continuing, and those who tried to kill the project, look where they are now," Saad added. Prime Minister Nawaf Salam, appointed in early February, visited Hariri's burial site earlier Friday. "Today, we remember the legacy of the great martyr in serving Lebanon, preserving its national unity, and working for its prosperity," Salam wrote on X. "He was greatly respected in the Arab world and the world, leaving Lebanon with a remarkable moral and political legacy." President Joseph Aoun also paid tribute to Hariri, saying on X that Hariri's "national stances were a fundamental building block in strengthening national unity and protecting civil peace."Hariri was killed on Feb. 14, 2005, when a massive bomb exploded near the St. Georges Hotel, a historic landmark on Beirut's waterfront. The blast killed 21 other people and injured over 200. In 2020, a U.N.-backed tribunal convicted one member of Hezbollah and acquitted three others of involvement in the assassination. The Special Tribunal for Lebanon said Salim Ayyash was guilty as a co-conspirator of five charges linked to his involvement in the suicide truck bombing. None of the suspects was ever arrested or attended court to hear the verdicts. The assassination of Hariri ignited the "Cedar Revolution," leading to massive protests against Syria's nearly three-decade military presence in Lebanon, ultimately culminating in the withdrawal of Syrian troops in 2005. The assassination also intensified sectarian divisions within Lebanon and bolstered the political influence of Assad's ally, Hezbollah.
- Hopes that Lebanon 'would unite' -
Buses from across Lebanon arrived early, bringing supporters to downtown Beirut to commemorate the anniversary. Thousands of people filled the streets and waved Lebanese flags and the blue flag of Hariri's al-Mustaqbal Movement to songs honoring Hariri's memory. "After the Syrian and Iranian guardianship ended and the ousting of the Syrian regime, the Lebanese state alone rules us," Mohammad Kanaan told The Associated Press. "In this square, you expelled Bashar Assad from Lebanon," Saad said during his speech. "And after twenty years of sectarian rule, detention and brutality, the heroic Syrian people rose up and expelled the criminal from Syria."Another supporter, Ahmad Serhal, said he hoped that "Lebanon would unite" after the departure of Assad. "All the political shifts are for the good of this country. Lebanon is for all the Lebanese, we need to reach an agreement and unite."
"God took revenge upon those who assassinated president Rafik — from ousting Assad, from ousting the system that is allied with Iran," Ahmad Trab said. "We hope for a better future now with Syria."
Israeli withdrawal deadline looms -
The anniversary of Hariri's death comes just four days before the deadline for Israeli troops to withdraw from southern Lebanon under a ceasefire agreement that ended a 14-month war with Hezbollah in late November. The ceasefire deal also stipulates that Hezbollah must end its military presence south of the Litani River, with the Lebanese Army and U.N. peacekeepers deploying in the vacated areas. The pullout deadline, initially set for Jan. 26, was postponed to Feb. 18. Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri said Lebanon "absolutely rejects" an Israeli proposal to keep troops in five strategic border points after the withdrawal. "It is the responsibility of the Americans to impose (the withdrawal), otherwise they will have caused the biggest setback for the government," he said. Aoun has also insisted that Israel must adhere to the agreed-upon timeline. During his speech, Saad also emphasized the need for the Israeli army's withdrawal from Lebanon. Saad addressed the people of southern and eastern Lebanon, regions largely supporters of and influenced by Hezbollah, urging them to seize Lebanon's golden opportunity while dispelling any perception of being "a force of obstruction."
Renewed Arab engagement -
On Feb. 8, Lebanon formed a new government led by Salam, the first fully empowered administration since 2022. Salam, a former president of the International Court of Justice, was appointed following the election of Aoun in January. The 24-member cabinet includes a mix of technocrats and political figures, representing various sects, including Hezbollah's allies. Although Hezbollah did not formally endorse Salam's appointment, the group negotiated during the government formation process. The United States has expressed support for the new government, emphasizing the importance of stability and reforms, though opposing Hezbollah's direct participation in the cabinet. Salam's government now faces Lebanon's longstanding economic crisis and an urgent need to implement key financial reforms. The political shift has reopened the door for renewed Arab engagement, particularly from Saudi Arabia and the UAE, which had previously distanced themselves from Lebanon due to the growing influence of Iran and its ally, Hezbollah. These countries, which had strong ties with Lebanon under Hariri, are now reassessing their approach, with hopes of reintegrating Lebanon into the Arab fold.

Top commander with UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon is injured by protesters
AP/February 14, 2025
BEIRUT: The outgoing deputy commander of the UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon was injured Friday when protesters attacked a convoy taking peacekeepers to the Beirut airport, the force known as UNIFIL said in a statement. “We are shocked by this outrageous attack on peacekeepers who have been serving to restore security and stability to south Lebanon during a difficult time,” it said. The Lebanese army intervened to disperse the protesters. The army said in a statement that acting commander Maj. Gen. Hassan Odeh had contacted UNIFIL and promised to “work to arrest the citizens who attacked its members and bring them to justice.”Demonstrators have been blocking the road to the airport and other roads in the capital to protest a decision by Lebanese authorities to revoke permission for a passenger plane from Iran to fly to Beirut on Thursday, leaving dozens of Lebanese passengers stranded. The decision to ban the Iranian plane came after the Israeli army issued a statement claiming that Iran was smuggling cash to the militant group Hezbollah via civilian flights. Lebanon’s civil aviation agency said Thursday that “additional security measures” meant some flights were temporarily rescheduled until Feb. 18 — the same day as a deadline for Israel and Hezbollah to fully implement their ceasefire agreement, including a full withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon.

Israeli airstrikes target alleged Hezbollah sites in the South
Agence France Presse/February 14, 2025
Israeli fighter jets overnight hit what the Israeli army said were Hezbollah military sites "containing weapons and launchers, which pose a direct threat to the Israeli home front."Lebanese media reported that Israeli aircraft had targeted sites near the town of Yater. Warplanes were also seen flying over southern Lebanese villages and towns.

UN chief urges Israel and Lebanon to honor their commitments

Agence France Presse/February 14, 2025
U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres' deputy spokesman Farhan Haq said "we continue to urge Israel and Lebanon to honor their commitments to the cessation of hostilities understanding.""Continued progress in Lebanese Armed Forces redeployment and Israeli Defense Force withdrawal is crucial," Haq said, adding that "the parties must avoid any action that could raise tensions, endanger civilians and further delay their return to their towns and villages on both sides." Haq added that the "U.N. continues to urge the full implementation of Resolution 1701 as a comprehensive path towards longer term peace, security and stability on both sides of the Blue Line." He was referring to the U.N. Security Council decision that ended a 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah. Under Resolution 1701, only the Lebanese army and U.N. peacekeepers can be deployed in southern Lebanon.

Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon would benefit all parties
Dr. Dania Koleilat Khatib/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Following the ceasefire agreement that was sealed on Nov. 27 last year, Israel was supposed to withdraw from Lebanese territory by Jan. 26. The deadline was last month extended to Feb. 18. However, as we approach that date, Israel is showing no signs that it will withdraw in time. Its withdrawal is necessary for Lebanon to have any kind of stability or state-building. Israel has been successful in decapitating Hezbollah’s leadership. It used advanced technology to assassinate the group’s field leaders. Later, it conducted the attack on Hezbollah pagers, in which more than 3,500 top operatives were simultaneously either killed or maimed. Israel followed this attack with an intensive bombing campaign, in which it killed all commanders of the group, starting with Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah. According to the ceasefire agreement, Hezbollah needs to withdraw north of the Litani River. The deal also includes the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1559, which orders all Lebanese militias to disarm. Meanwhile, Israel was supposed to withdraw by the end of an initial 60-day period. However, it did not. The excuse that Israel presented was that it needs to clear the south of the country of all arms depots and pockets of resistance. This is why it keeps bombing parts of the south and the Bekaa Valley every now and then. What is obvious is that Israel and the new US administration do not believe in soft power or the ideas of nuance and narrative. They only believe in hard power. They believe that the only way to get rid of Hezbollah is to kill all its operatives and dry up all its sources of funding. What they do not realize is that by adopting this method they are undermining the Lebanese state.
Hezbollah’s military muscle can be weakened, but the idea of Hezbollah cannot be eradicated as long as there is any form of Israeli occupation or breach of Lebanese sovereignty. Hezbollah’s argument, on which it bases the legitimacy for its existence, is that the Lebanese army cannot protect Lebanon from Israeli aggression. Hence, a guerrilla force is needed. If Israel wanted to act intelligently, it would withdraw before the next deadline and allow the Lebanese state to take the credit. This way, Beirut could show the Lebanese people, including Hezbollah, that the Lebanese state can repel the Israelis and protect the country from its aggression by using diplomacy. However, the Israeli leaders’ arrogance, coupled with American permissiveness, is undermining the Lebanese state.
Though Hezbollah is weakened militarily, its narrative is being strengthened at the expense of the Lebanese state’s prestige. When the 60-day period finished, the people of the south rushed back to their homes. Israel shot 22 people dead. This was a blow to the Lebanese state. It showed that the state was unable to protect its own people. Hezbollah will not be weakened as long as its audience feel that they need protection. Israel might kill the commander and disrupt the chain of command. However, it will only be a matter of time before the group restores its chain of command and grooms new leaders.
The US, which brokered the ceasefire, should show respect and empower the Lebanese state in order for the Lebanese people to trust it. If the average Lebanese, especially in the south, does not feel that the state can protect them from Israeli aggression, they will revert to Hezbollah for protection. They will send their children to be enlisted in the group. They will contribute from their hard-earned money to finance the group.
However, this is not how the US has acted. During her visit to Lebanon last week, Deputy Special Middle East Envoy Morgan Ortagus thanked Israel for defeating Hezbollah. Israel had just destroyed half of the country and the US envoy, speaking at the presidential palace, thanked it. This announcement undermined the Lebanese state and exacerbated the country’s internal divisions. It also reinforced the perception among Lebanese Shiites that the state cannot protect them. The Shiites feel alienated and hurt and Hezbollah is taking advantage of that.
At the same time, the camp that is antagonistic to Hezbollah feels empowered. Progress MP Mark Daou said that the speaker of the parliament, who is an ally of Hezbollah, should walk the line, otherwise he should be wary of a woman’s shoe (referring to Ortagus) or to a boot (probably referring to a military boot). The supporters of Hezbollah and Amal were deeply offended by his disrespectful comments toward their leadership. They accused him of being an agent for the Israelis.
The US, which brokered the ceasefire, should show respect and empower the Lebanese state in order for the Lebanese people to trust it
This is a watershed moment for the Lebanese — a moment where the people should rally around the state and focus on institution-building and the conducting of reforms. However, the Israeli presence is creating a point of contention between the Lebanese who are happy that Hezbollah has been defeated and the supporters of the group, who feel alienated by the rest of Lebanese society. It is also a distraction from state-building and a gift for corrupt politicians to derail the progress toward reforms. The US, which has the upper hand, should have a strategic view. It should pressure Israel to withdraw, while getting enough guarantees from the Lebanese state that it will pressure Hezbollah to disarm and to morph into a political party on a par with the other parties in the country. However, the US seems to prefer hard power and a blunt approach. This approach entails the risk of internal unrest.
The US should realize that the only viable alternative to Hezbollah is a strong Lebanese state that can deliver security and services to its citizens. This cannot happen as long as Israel occupies parts of Lebanon and infringes on its security. The US should pressure Israel to withdraw by the deadline of Feb. 18.
• Dr. Dania Koleilat Khatib is a specialist in US-Arab relations with a focus on lobbying. She is co-founder of the Research Center for Cooperation and Peace Building, a Lebanese nongovernmental organization focused on Track II.

Drugs, weapons in Syria borderland where Hezbollah held sway
Agence France Presse/February 14, 2025
In a desolate area of Syria where Lebanese militant group Hezbollah once held sway, security forces shot open the gates to an abandoned building and found a defunct drug factory. Syria's new authorities launched a security campaign last week around Qusayr at the porous Lebanese border, cracking down on drug and weapons smugglers. They have also accused Lebanon's Hezbollah, which for years propped up Bashar al-Assad, of firing at them in clashes in the weeks since his ouster. "We've begun to comb factories used by Hezbollah and remnants of the defunct regime," said Major Nadim Madkhana, who heads Syria's border security force in Homs province near Lebanon. Before Syria's war erupted in 2011, Syrians and Lebanese lived side by side in the border area -- a mostly tribal region long renowned for smuggling. In April 2013, Hezbollah announced it was fighting alongside Assad's forces and leading battles in the Qusayr area, a rebel stronghold at the time. After weeks of battles that displaced thousands of Syrians, Hezbollah seized control of the area, establishing bases and weapons depots and digging tunnels -- which Israel repeatedly targeted in subsequent years. Hezbollah's support for Assad was as much an act of loyalty for its fellow member of the "axis of resistance" as it was a necessity for its own survival, with Syria acting as its weapons conduit from Iran. "Under the defunct regime, this area was an economic lifeline for Hezbollah and drug and arms traders traffickers," Madkhana said.
In the building raided by Syrian border security, AFP correspondents saw large bags of captagon pills -- a potent synthetic drug mass-produced under Assad that sparked an addiction crisis in the region. Both the sanctions-hit ousted government and Hezbollah, which is proscribed as a "terrorist organization," have faced accusations of using the captagon trade to finance themselves. In the months leading up to Assad's December 8 ouster, Hezbollah pulled many of its militants back to Lebanon to fight an all-out war with Israel. But it was only after his overthrow that it rushed the majority of its forces and allies out of the country. Attesting to the speed of the pullout, plates of food were left to rot in the kitchen of one facility.
Drug traffickers -
Snow-speckled dirt tracks leading to the facilities still bear marks left by barricades that smugglers had set up "to delay our advance," Madkhana said. In recent days, Syrian forces have clashed with "Hezbollah loyalists and regime remnants" in the area, some of them armed with rocket launchers, he added. Charred vehicles lay by the side of the road, near damaged luxury villas built by drug traffickers, residents told AFP. Hezbollah provided cover for Lebanese and Syrian smugglers operating at the border, according to residents of the area. After more than five decades of rule by the Assads, the rebels that once fought his army are now running the country, and that has had a knock-on effect on neighboring Lebanon. Earlier this week, Madkhana told AFP Syrian forces had started coordinating with the Lebanese Army at the border. Last week, the Lebanese Army said it was responding to incoming fire from across the Syrian border. Syria shares a 330-kilometer (205-mile) border with Lebanon, with no official demarcation, making it ideal turf for smugglers.
'Banned from returning' -
Since Assad's ouster, Syrians displaced during the war have started returning home to Qusayr. After spending almost half of his life as a refugee in northern Lebanon, Hassan Amer, 21, was thrilled to return. "I was young when I left, I don't know much about Qusayr," he said, painting the walls of his house with help from neighbors and families. "We returned the day after the regime fell," he said, beaming with pride. Hezbollah "took over Qusayr and made it theirs while its people were banned from returning," he said, adding that schools and public institutions had been turned into bases.In 2019, Hezbollah said residents of Qusayr could return home, citing a decision by Assad's government. Mohammed Nasser, 22, and his mother were among the lucky ones allowed back in 2021. "My elderly grandfather was alone here... and I was under 18," he said, meaning he was not yet due for conscription. His father stayed in Lebanon, fearing arrest. For years, Nasser's family and a couple of others were the only Syrians living in the area, he said, while Lebanese "loyal to Hezbollah lived in the less-damaged houses."Nasser's 84-year-old grandfather, also named Mohammed, recalled the day Assad and his family fled. "On liberation day, they fled... and the town's people came back at night, before sunrise, to the sound of the call to prayer," he said.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on February 14-15/2025
Iran bars Lebanese planes from taking stranded citizens home after Israeli 'threat'
Reuters/February 14, 2025
Iran barred Lebanese planes from repatriating dozens of Lebanese nationals stranded in Iran on Friday, in a standoff after Lebanon blocked an Iranian civilian flight following what Tehran described as an Israeli threat to attack it. Lebanon halted an Iranian flight to Beirut this week after the Israeli military accused Tehran of using civilian aircraft to smuggle cash to Beirut to arm Hezbollah. Iran said it would not allow Lebanese flights to land until its own flights were cleared to land in Beirut. The standoff has left dozens of Lebanese citizens stranded in Iran for three days after attending a religious pilgrimage. They had been due to return to Beirut on Iran's Mahan Air before Lebanon barred the plane from landing. Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei said on Friday that Israel had threatened a passenger plane carrying Lebanese citizens from Tehran, "which caused a disruption in the country's normal flights to Beirut airport". He condemned the alleged Israeli threat as a violation of international law. In a post on X, Israel's military spokesman Avichay Adraee said Iran's elite Quds Force and Hezbollah had used civilian flights to smuggle funds to Beirut. Israel's military would "not allow Hezbollah to arm itself and will use all means at its disposal" to enforce a truce that requires Lebanon to halt arms transfers to Hezbollah, Adraee said. After blocking the Iranian flight, Lebanon dispatched two planes on Friday from its own national airliner Middle East Airlines to bring the stranded Lebanese home from Iran, but Iran refused to allow the Lebanese aircraft to land on its territory. Iran's ambassador to Beirut, Mojtaba Amani, told Iran's state television on Friday that Iran would allow the planes to land only if Iranian flights were allowed to travel to Beirut. "For sure the Lebanese government's request will be accepted, but on condition that they do not impede Iranian flights," he said. Lebanon's Foreign Minister Joe Raggi told Lebanese broadcaster Al-Jadeed on Friday that his ministry was working to resolve the issue with its Iranian counterpart. Hezbollah parliamentarian Ibrahim al-Moussawi on Thursday called on Lebanon's government to "take the necessary measures to guarantee Lebanon's sovereignty over all its public facilities, most importantly the airport". Dozens of Hezbollah supporters cut off roads around Beirut's airport late on Thursday in protest. In September, Lebanon's transport ministry ordered an Iranian aircraft not to enter its airspace after Israel warned air traffic control at Beirut airport that it would use "force" if the plane landed.

Iran is rearming its missile program and a ship of supplies just arrived from China, Western sources say
Saskya Vandoorne, Gianluca Mezzofiore, Simone McCarthy and Yong Xiong, CNN

February 14/ 2025
The first of two vessels carrying 1,000 tons of a Chinese-made chemical that could be a key component in fuel for Iran’s military missile program has anchored outside the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas on Thursday, ship tracking data shows. It could be a signal that Iran’s missile production is back to business as usual after the devastating, and embarrassing, attacks by Israel on key factories last year. The ship, Golbon, left the Chinese port of Taicang three weeks ago loaded with most of a 1,000-ton shipment of sodium perchlorate, the main precursor in the production of the solid propellant that powers Iran’s mid-range conventional missiles, according to two European intelligence sources. The sodium perchlorate could allow for the production of sufficient propellant for some 260 solid rocket motors for Iran’s Kheibar Shekan missiles or 200 of the Haj Qasem ballistic missiles, according to the intelligence sources. The shipment comes as Iran has suffered a series of regional setbacks with the collective defeat suffered by its allies: the fall of Bashar al-Assad in Syria and Hezbollah’s losses in Lebanon. Following Israel’s strike on Iran’s missile production facilities in October, some Western experts believed it could take at least a year before Iran could resume solid-propellant production. This delivery points to Iran being not far from – or that they could already be back to – the production of its missiles. The shipment was purchased on behalf of the Procurement Department of the Self Sufficiency Jihad Organization (SSJO), part of the Iranian body responsible for the development of Iran’s ballistic missiles, according to the sources. The second ship, Jairan, has yet to be loaded and leave China, with both vessels operated by the Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping Lines (IRISL) company, the sources told CNN. The Jairan is due to ferry the remainder of the 1,000 tons to Iran. The Golbon left the Taicang port for Iran on January 21. CNN has reached out to IRISL for comment. The sources could not say if the Chinese government knew of the shipments prior to media reporting about their movement late January. The delivery of sodium perchlorate in itself is not illegal, nor does it breach Western sanctions. In a response to a request for comment from CNN, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said it was “not aware of the specifics of the case” mentioned and reiterated that it opposed “illegal unilateral sanctions” and “arbitrary smearing and accusations that lack evidence.”“China has consistently abided by export controls on dual-use items in accordance with its international obligations and domestic laws and regulations,” the statement said, adding that “sodium perchlorate is not a controlled item by China, and its export would be considered normal trade.”
Sanctions backdoor
The United States and United Kingdom have levied sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping Lines company, with the State Department saying the firm is the “preferred shipping line for Iranian proliferators and procurement agents.”
The UK treasury said the company was “involved in hostile activity” by Iran and highlighted its links to the Iranian defense sector. Both the Golbon and Jairan are under US sanctions. Meanwhile, China has remained a diplomatic and economic ally for sanctions-hit Iran, decrying “unilateral” US sanctions against the country and welcoming Tehran into Beijing- and Moscow-led international blocs like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and BRICS. China also remains by far Iran’s largest energy buyer, though it has not reported purchases of Iranian oil in its official customs data since 2022, according to analysts. Despite China’s historic ties to Iran’s defense sector, observers say Beijing has scaled back security ties over the past decade as it seeks to bolster relations with Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states. The US has in recent years, however, sanctioned a number of Chinese entities for alleged roles supporting Iranian military drone production. Recent joint naval drills between China, Iran and Russia have also signaled a potential deepening of government-to-government strategic ties.
A key ingredient
While Iran would need solid propellant for a range of missiles, including smaller air defense weapons, the lion’s share of such deliveries would likely be headed towards Iran’s ballistic missile program, Fabian Hinz, research fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies, told CNN.
Although sodium perchlorate trade is not restricted by Western sanctions, it can be chemically transformed into ammonium perchlorate - a fuel and oxidizer which is a controlled product. “Ammonium perchlorate is the material that was used in the solid rocket propellants of the Space Shuttle,” Andrea Sella, professor of inorganic chemistry at University College London, told CNN. “There really aren’t very many alternative things” that the chemical in the Chinese deliveries can be used for, aside from for rocket propellants, fireworks and fuel, he said, adding: “Perchlorates have a fairly narrow range of uses.”
Increasing controls on perchlorates in the West have seen China become a major alternative supplier of such chemicals, he said. China has long been “a primary source of sodium perchlorate for Iran’s missile programs, dating at least to the mid-2000s,” Jeffrey Lewis, director of the East Asia Nonproliferation Program at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies, told CNN.“This is just the latest shipment in a decades-old pattern,” Lewis added.
Supply troubles
Defense analyst Hinz said that while Iran has previously boasted of its ability to produce ammonium perchlorate itself, this delivery hints at supply chain bottlenecks as domestic precursor supply has been unable to meet missile production needs. It’s a problem even countries like the US can face, he added.
Hinz said that Iran’s solid propellant production infrastructure has “dramatically expanded in the last few years - and potentially even since October 7, (2023),” with new sites built and existing ones enlarged. Kheibar Shekan missiles have a range of 880 miles (around 1,420 km), with their Haj Qasem cousins able to reach targets 900 miles (around 1,450 km) away, according to the Western intelligence source. Although not the most technically advanced weapons in Iran’s arsenal, their range does make them valuable for attacks on Israel. Hinz said that variants of such missiles have been used by Iranian-backed Houthis in Yemen against Israel, despite the distance ostensibly outstripping the missiles’ standard range. Modifications of the warhead mass or secondary propulsion units could lengthen their reach, he said. Solid propellant is also used in Iran’s short-range missiles – like those used in the past against US bases in the region and in exports to Russia, Hinz said. Iran’s largest and most powerful ballistic missiles typically use liquid propellant. According to the Israel Defense Forces, wreckage from at least one Kheibar Shakan missile was recovered following Iran’s October 1, 2024 barrage against Israel. Analysis from one of the Western sources confirmed that some 50 medium-range missiles with solid propulsion were fired at Israel by Iran in this attack. Iran’s arsenal is believed to hold “over 3,000 ballistic missiles,” US Air Force Gen. Kenneth McKenzie told Congress in 2023 - but exact numbers of each type of missile are unknown. A western intelligence official told CNN that, although relevant US government agencies are aware of the delivery, there is limited concern over the shipment. If Iran does funnel the chemicals towards missile fuel production, especially on weapons destined for Russia, that will be of greater concern, the source said.
The Iranian government declined to comment in response to questions posed by CNN for this article.

Trump backs ‘hard stance’ on Gaza, says he does not know what Israel will do
Reuters/February 15, 2025
WASHINGTON: President Donald Trump on Friday advocated taking a “hard stance” on Gaza, the Palestinian enclave for which he has proposed a US takeover and where a fragile ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian Hamas militants is in place. Trump had said this week that Hamas should release all Israeli hostages in Gaza by Saturday midday or “let hell break out.”“I don’t know what’s going to happen tomorrow (Saturday) at 12’o clock. If it was up to me, I would take a very hard stance but I can’t tell you what Israel is going to do,” Trump told reporters on Friday. A ceasefire went into effect just before Trump returned to the presidency on January 20.Some Israeli hostages have been released by Hamas and Palestinian prisoners have been released by Israel since then. The UN human rights office has described images of both emaciated Israeli hostages and Palestinian detainees released as distressing, saying they reflected the dire conditions in which they were held. Trump on Friday reiterated his concerns about the appearances of released Israeli hostages without commenting on the state of the Palestinians. Israel’s military assault on Gaza has killed more than 48,000 Palestinians since October 2023, according to the Gaza health ministry, and led to accusations of genocide and war crimes that Israel denies. The assault internally displaced nearly Gaza’s entire population and caused a hunger crisis. The latest bloodshed in the decades-old Israeli-Palestinian conflict was triggered on Oct. 7, 2023, when Hamas attacked Israel, killing 1,200 people and taking some 250 hostages, according to Israeli tallies. Trump has faced international condemnation for his proposal to take over Gaza and permanently displace Palestinians there. Rights experts and the United Nations have called it a proposal for ethnic cleansing

Israeli security official says military readying to withdraw from Lebanon
AFP/February 14, 2025
Jerusalem: The Israeli military is prepared to withdraw from Lebanese territory and hand over areas to the Lebanese army “within the timeline” set by a US-French-mediated ceasefire agreement, a senior Israeli security official said. Under the ceasefire that took effect November 27, Lebanon’s military was to deploy in the south alongside United Nations peacekeepers as the Israeli army withdrew over a 60-day period, later extended until February 18. Hezbollah was also expected to vacate its positions in the south, near the Israeli border, during that timeframe. “We are still deployed in accordance with the US monitored agreement and we are working closely with the US to make sure that handing over responsibility to the Lebanese army will happen within the timeline,” the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity in accordance with protocols, said on Thursday. His comments came as Israeli fighter jets overnight hit what the army said were Hezbollah military sites “containing weapons and launchers, which pose a direct threat to the Israeli home front.”Lebanese media reported that Israeli aircraft had targeted sites near the town of Yater. Warplanes were also seen flying over southern Lebanese villages and towns.Lebanon’s parliamentary speaker Nabih Berrih said on Thursday the United States had informed him that, while Israel would withdraw on February 18, “it will remain in five locations.”Lebanon rejected this, he said in a statement. The Israeli official did not comment on whether the withdrawal also applied to the five locations mentioned by Berrih. The official, said however that the military withdrawal was in motion and “the next step of the agreement stipulates that we will withdraw to Blue Line handing over in orderly fashion to the Lebanese army in the area where we pull out from.”The Israeli military, however, was continuing to monitor Hezbollah’s movements, he said, adding: “We have seen several clear incidents where Hezbollah was trying to breach the agreement such as infiltrating south in civilian clothes, trying to restore or remove munitions and also smuggling arms in the Bekka valley.” The UN as well as Hezbollah have also accused Israel of committing violations during the ceasefire. Hezbollah and Israel clashed for more than a year, including in two months of all-out war, before the November 27 agreement came into effect. The Iran-backed Lebanese armed group said its hostilities with Israel were in solidarity with Palestinian militant group Hamas in Gaza, where Israel fought a deadly war for more than a year before international mediators brokered a fragile truce in January.

Gazans return to ruined homes and severe water shortage
Reuters/February 14, 2025
BEIT LAHIYA: A ceasefire has enabled some Gazans to go back to their ruined homes without fear of Israeli airstrikes, but they have returned to a severe water crisis. “We returned here and found no pumps, no wells. We did not find buildings or houses,” said 50-year-old farmer Bassel Rajab, a resident of the northern town of Beit Lahiya. “We came and set up tents to shelter in, but there is no water. We don’t have water. We are suffering.”Drinking, cooking, and washing are a luxury in Gaza, 16 months after the start of the war between Israel and the Palestinian militant group Hamas. Rajab said he sometimes walks 16 km, hoping to shower in Gaza City. Some Palestinians have dug wells in areas near the sea or rely on salty tap water from Gaza’s only aquifer, contaminated with seawater and sewage. The Palestinian Water Authority estimates it will cost $2.7 billion to repair the water and sanitation sectors. Palestinians were already facing a severe water crisis as well as shortages of food, fuel, and medicine before the wells were destroyed in the war. The Palestinian Water Authority said in a statement on its website that 208 out of 306 wells had been knocked out of service during the war, and a further 39 were partially out of service. “There is a big shortage as the occupation (Israel) is preventing the entrance (into Gaza) of drills, excavators, machines, equipment, and generators that are needed to operate wells and to dig them,” said Beit Lahiya Mayor Alaa Al-Attar. Attar said small companies were trying to fix the wells but had minimal equipment. He added: “We are trying to establish new wells to mitigate the severity of the water crisis at this stage.”COGAT, the branch of the Israeli military that manages humanitarian activities, has said it has coordinated water line repairs with international organizations, including one to the northern Gaza Strip.The Hamas-Israel ceasefire has been in force since Jan. 19. Gazans hoping to one day rebuild are squeezed by shortages of water, food, medicines, and fuel in Gaza, which was grappling with poverty and high unemployment even before the war erupted. Youssef Kallab, 35, says he has to carry heavy water containers to the roof of his home using a rope. The municipality supplies water every three days. “We do not have the strength to carry it up and down the stairs. We have children, we have elderly. They all want water,” Kallab said as he lifted water containers. Twelve-year-old Mohammed Al-Khatib says he has to drag a cart for 3-4 km to get water. Mohammed Nassar, a 47-year-old Palestinian supermarket owner, said he has to walk for miles to fill buckets from a water pipe despite health problems and cartilage damage. “We turn a blind eye to the pain because we have to,” he said.

Hamas names three Israeli hostages to be released Saturday as part of Gaza ceasefire
Julia Frankel/JERUSALEM (AP)/February 14, 2025
Hamas militants on Friday named three Israeli male hostages to be released at the weekend as part of a fragile ceasefire deal that had teetered in recent days amid a major dispute that raised the specter of fighting resuming in the devastated Gaza Strip.
Hamas and a forum representing families of hostages identified the three to be freed Saturday as Israeli-Argentinian Iair Horn, 46; Israeli-American Sagui Dekel Chen, 36; and Israeli-Russian Alexander (Sasha) Troufanov, 29. The trio were abducted from the same hard-hit kibbutz during the Oct. 7, 2023 attack on Israel that sparked the war in Gaza. Under the terms of the ceasefire, which began on Jan. 21, Israel is to release more than 300 Palestinian prisoners held in Israeli jails in return for the hostages. The exchange will be the sixth swap since the ceasefire came into effect. So far, 21 hostages and over 730 Palestinian prisoners have been freed during the first phase of the truce. But the ceasefire had appeared dangerously close to collapse in recent days. Hamas had said it would delay the next hostage release after accusing Israel of not adhering to the terms of the deal by not allowing enough shelters, medical supplies, fuel and heavy equipment for clearing rubble into Gaza. Israel, with the support of U.S. President Donald Trump, had retorted it would resume fighting Saturday unless hostages were freed - leaving it unclear whether it meant the three hostages as scheduled in the ceasefire deal, or all remaining hostages.
An Israeli government official on Friday confirmed Israel had received the list of hostages to be released. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to brief the media. Who are the hostages slated for release Saturday. Horn, Dekel Chen and Troufanov were abducted from Kibbutz Nir Oz, where some 80 of roughly 400 residents were taken hostage during the Oct. 7, 2023 attack. Horn was taken along with his brother, Eitan Horn, who had been staying with him at the time. Eitan remains in captivity. Dekel Chen had been working on a bus renovation when militants stormed the kibbutz. His wife, Avital, who was seven months pregnant at the time, hid in a safe room with their two daughters. Avital has since given birth to a third daughter while her husband has been in captivity. Troufanov was taken hostage along with his grandmother Irena Tati, mother Yelena (Lena) and girlfriend Sapir Cohen. The three women were released during a brief ceasefire in November 2023. Troufanov's father was killed in the Oct. 7 attack.
Concern about remaining hostages' condition
Of the 251 people abducted, 73 remain in Gaza, around half of whom are believed to be dead. Nearly all the remaining hostages are men, including Israeli soldiers. Concern has been growing about the remaining hostages' condition, particularly after the release of three last Saturday, who emerged looking emaciated and frail. One of them, 65-year-old Keith Siegel, said in a video message addressed to Trump Friday that his captors had starved him and physically and emotionally tortured him. He said the militants who held him for 484 days treated him worse as the 15-month war intensified, kicking him, spitting on him and holding him with no water or light. The statement marked one of the first accounts of Hamas captivity from a hostage released during the ceasefire. “When I was in Gaza, I lived in constant fear...for my life and my personal safety,” he said. Siegel, originally from Chapel Hill, North Carolina, implored Trump to use his “leadership and strength” to ensure the ceasefire holds and all hostages return home. The truce faces a much bigger challenge in the coming weeks. The first phase is set to conclude at the beginning of March, and there have not yet been substantive negotiations over the second phase, in which Hamas would release all remaining hostages in return for an end to the war.
Trump's plan raises uncertainty
Trump’s proposal to remove some 2 million Palestinians from Gaza and settle them in other countries has thrown the truce’s future into further doubt. His plan has been welcomed by Israel, but vehemently rejected by Palestinians and Arab countries which have refused to accept any influx of refugees. Human rights groups say it could amount to a war crime under international law. Trump has said Gaza’s population should be resettled elsewhere in the region, with wealthy Arab countries paying for it. He has suggested that once the fighting ends, Israel would transfer control of Gaza to the United States, which would then redevelop it as the “Riviera of the Middle East.”Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s far-right allies are already calling for a resumption of the war after the first phase with the goal of implementing Trump’s plan and annihilating Hamas, which remains in control of the territory after surviving one of the deadliest and most destructive military campaigns in recent history. Hamas may be unwilling to release any more hostages if it believes the war will resume. The captives are among the only bargaining chips it has left.
‘New war’ would likely be far worse
The war has killed over 48,000 Palestinians, mostly women and children, according to Gaza’s health Ministry, which does not say how many were fighters. Israel says it has killed over 17,000 militants, without providing evidence. Israel’s offensive has obliterated large parts of Gaza. At its height, the fighting had displaced 90% of the territory’s population of 2.3 million. Hundreds of thousands have returned to their homes since the ceasefire took hold, though many have found only rubble, buried human remains and unexploded ordnance. Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz, echoing Trump, said Wednesday that “all hell will break loose” if Hamas stops releasing hostages. He said a “new Gaza war” wouldn’t end until Hamas was defeated, which would allow for Trump’s vision of mass displacement to be carried out. With far fewer hostages remaining in Gaza, Israel would have more freedom of action militarily.
It would also face far fewer constraints from the United States, its main military patron. The Biden administration, while providing crucial military and diplomatic support, had occasionally pressed Israel to allow in more aid and at one point suspended some weapons shipments. It had also said there should be no permanent displacement of its Palestinian population. Trump has lifted restrictions on arms transfers, and his administration is pressing ahead with the sale of $7 billion worth of weapons approved under President Joe Biden.

France says EU working toward ‘rapid’ easing of Syria sanctions
News Agencies/February 14, 2025
PARIS: France’s Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot said Thursday that the EU was working toward swiftly easing Syria sanctions as Paris hosted a conference on the transition in the war-torn country after President Bashar Assad’s fall. Opposition fighters toppled Assad in December after a lightning offensive. The new authorities, headed by interim leader Ahmad Al-Sharaa, have sought to reassure the international community that they have broken with their jihadist past and will respect the rights of minorities. They have been lobbying the West to ease sanctions imposed against Assad to allow the country to rebuild its economy after five decades of his family’s rule and almost 14 years of civil war. “We are working with my European counterparts toward a rapid lifting of sectorial economic sanctions,” Barrot said, after EU foreign ministers agreed last month to ease them, starting with key sectors such as energy. Syria’s Foreign Minister Asaad Al-Shaibani is in Paris for the conference, in his first such official visit to Europe for talks after he attended the World Economic Forum in Davos last month. The French presidency said earlier that the United States, Germany, Britain, the European Union and the United Nations were also to be represented, as were several Gulf nations and Syria’s northern neighbor Turkiye. French President Emmanuel Macron is due to address attendees. There has been concern among Western governments over the direction the new Syrian leadership will take in particular on religious freedom, women’s rights and the status of the Kurdish minority in the northeast of Syria. Shaibani on Wednesday said a new government would take over next month from the interim cabinet, vowing that it would represent all Syrians in their diversity. German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock, ahead of the Paris meeting, emphasized the need for “all actors” in Syria to be included. “It is essential that women be represented,” she said. Several diplomatic sources had said the conference also aimed to focus on protecting Syria from destabilizing foreign interference and coordinating aid efforts. Turkish-backed factions launched attacks against Kurdish-held areas in northern Syria at around the same time as the offensive that overthrew Assad, and have since seized strategic areas.

Syria’s new leaders zero in on Assad’s business barons
News Agencies/February 14, 2025
DAMASCUS: Syria’s new rulers are combing through the billion-dollar corporate empires of ousted President Bashar Assad’s allies, and have held talks with some of these tycoons, in what they say is a campaign to root out corruption and illegal activity.
After seizing power in December, the new administration that now runs Syria pledged to reconstruct the country after 13 years of brutal civil war and abandon a highly-centralized and corrupt economic system where Assad’s cronies held sway.
To do so, the executive led by new President Ahmed Al-Sharaa has set up a committee tasked with dissecting the sprawling corporate interests of high-profile Assad-linked tycoons including Samer Foz and Mohammad Hamsho, three sources told Reuters. Days after taking Damascus, the new administration issued orders aimed at freezing companies and bank accounts of Assad-linked businesses and individuals, and later specifically included those on US sanctions lists, according to correspondence between the Syrian Central Bank and commercial banks reviewed by Reuters.
Hamsho and Foz, targeted by US sanctions since 2011 and 2019 respectively, returned to Syria from abroad and met with senior HTS figures in Damascus in January, according to a government official and two Syrians with direct knowledge of the matter, who spoke on condition of anonymity.
The two men, who are reviled by many ordinary Syrians for their close ties to Assad, pledged to cooperate with the new leadership’s fact-finding efforts, the three sources said. Accused by the US Treasury of getting rich off Syria’s war, Foz’s sprawling Aman Holding conglomerate has interests in pharma, sugar refining, trading and transport. Hamsho’s interests, grouped under the Hamsho International Group, are similarly wide-ranging, from petrochemicals and metal products to television production. Hamsho, whom the US Treasury has accused of being a front for Assad and his brother Maher, did not respond to a Reuters request for comment. Foz could not be reached. The establishment of the committee, whose members are not public, and the conversations between Syria’s new government and two of the Assad government’s closest tycoons who control large parts of Syria’s economy have not been previously reported. The new Syrian government’s approach toward powerful Assad-linked businesses, yet to be fully clarified, will be key in determining the fate of the economy as the administration struggles to convince Washington and its allies to remove sanctions, Syrian analysts and businessmen say.
Trade Minister Maher Khalil Al-Hasan and Syrian investment chief Ayman Hamawiye both confirmed to Reuters the government had been in contact with some Assad-linked businessmen, but did not identify them or provide further details. Khaldoun Zoubi, a long-term partner of Foz, confirmed his associate had held talks with Syrian authorities but did not confirm if he had been in the country.
“Foz told them he is ready to cooperate with the new administration and provide all the support to the Syrian people and the new state,” Zoubi said from the gilded lobby of the Four Seasons hotel in central Damascus, which Foz’s group majority owns. “He is ready to do anything asked of him.”The two Syrian sources said Foz, who holds a Turkish citizenship, had left Damascus after the talks. Reuters could not ascertain Hamsho’s whereabouts. The US has sanctioned Foz, Hamsho and others with a prominent economic role, including Yasser Ibrahim, Assad’s most trusted adviser.
Syrian analysts say around a dozen men make up the close ring of business barons tied to the former regime. HTS-appointed government officials consider all of them to be persons of interest. Syrian authorities have ordered companies and factories belonging or linked to the tycoons to keep working, under supervision of HTS authorities, while the committee investigates their various businesses. “Our policy is to allow for their employees to continue working and supplying goods to the market while freezing their money movements now,” Trade Minister Hasan told Reuters in an interview early in January. “It’s a huge file. (Assad’s business allies) have the economy of a state in their hands. You can’t just tell them to leave,” he added, explaining the new government could not avoid engaging with the tycoons. Hamsho International Group is among those put under HTS supervision, according to the sources with direct knowledge.
A Reuters visit in late January showed little work was being carried out at its modern multi-story headquarters in Damascus, where some offices had been looted in the wake of Assad’s fall. Staff have been instructed to cooperate fully with the new Syrian administration, members of whom regularly visit the company seeking information, said one employee, who asked not to be identified by name. Some economists say the country’s dire economic situation required major domestic corporations to continue to operate regardless of who they may be affiliated with.
The UN says 90 percent of Syrians live below the poverty line. While basic goods shortages have eased after strict trade controls dissolved in the aftermath of Assad’s fall, many Syrians still struggle to afford them. “Syrian authorities need to be wary of a harsh crackdown on former regime cronies because this could create significant shortages (of goods),” said Karam Shaar, director of a Syria-focused economic consultancy bearing his name. Assad’s rapid fall, culminating with his Dec. 8 escape to Russia, left many Syrian oligarchs with no time to dispose of or move their local assets that have since been frozen, giving Syria’s new rulers strong leverage in dealing with the tycoons, according to two prominent businessmen and the government official.

Syria receives local currency printed in Russia before Assad’s fall
Reuters/February 14, 2025
DAMASCUS: Syria’s central bank said a batch of Syrian currency had arrived at Damascus airport from Russia, where banknotes were printed under the rule of toppled President Bashar Assad, Syria’s state news agency SANA reported on Friday. The central bank did not specify the amount of currency that had arrived, but a source with knowledge of the matter said it was in the “hundreds of billions of Syrian pounds,” equivalent to tens of millions of US dollars. The source said the cash had been printed in Russia under Assad’s rule but had not been shipped to Syria by the time he was toppled in early December 2024. Syria’s new leadership ordered the Russian company printing the currency to stop after Assad fled to Moscow, the source said, without providing details on what prompted Friday’s delivery of the previously printed cash.
BACKGROUND
A source said the cash had been printed in Russia under Bashar Assad’s rule but had not been shipped to Syria by the time he was toppled in early December 2024.
Syria has been facing a liquidity crunch since Assad’s ouster, with Syria’s new central bank governor, Maysaa Sabreen, saying in January that she wanted to avoid printing Syrian pounds to guard against a surge in inflation. Syria’s pound has strengthened on the black market since the new leadership took over, helped by an influx of Syrians from abroad and an end to strict controls on trade in foreign currencies. It traded 9,850 pounds to the US dollar on Thursday, according to exchange houses closed on Friday. According to statements by the central bank, the official foreign exchange rate has stayed around 13,000 pounds to the US dollar. But that has sparked concerns about liquidity in Syrian pounds. The central bank only has foreign exchange reserves of around $200 million in cash, sources said, a considerable drop from the $18.5 billion that the International Monetary Fund estimated Syria had in 2010, a year before civil war erupted. Russia is hoping to retain the use of naval and air bases in Syria under its new leaders. Russia’s President Vladimir Putin held a phone call with Syria’s President Ahmad Al-Sharaa on Wednesday, the first call between the two leaders since Assad’s ouster. The Syrian presidency said Putin had invited Syria’s new foreign minister to visit Moscow.

Security Council condemns death of UN aid worker in Houthi detention
Ephrem Kossaify/Arab News/February 14, 2025
NEW YORK CITY: The UN Security Council on Friday strongly condemned the death of Ahmed, a World Food Programme employee, who died in Houthi captivity on Feb. 10. Council members also denounced the ongoing detention of UN staff, as well as workers from national and international nongovernmental organizations, civil society groups, and diplomatic missions. They demanded the immediate and unconditional release of all detainees held by the Houthis and reiterated that threats against workers delivering humanitarian aid are unacceptable. The detention of aid workers by the Houthis prompted the UN on Monday to temporarily suspend all operations and programs in Yemen’s Saada governorate, where six people were recently detained. Farhan Haq, deputy spokesperson for Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, said the decision was a response to the ongoing detention of UN staff by the Houthis, which has compromised the “necessary security conditions and guarantees” for the continuation of UN operations in the area. It comes as the humanitarian situation in Yemen continues to deteriorate, with an estimated 19.5 million people in the war-ravaged country requiring humanitarian assistance and protection services, an increase of 1.3 million people compared with 2024. During a Security Council meeting this week, UN humanitarian chief Tom Fletcher said that 17.1 million people in Yemen, 49 percent of the population, suffer from food insecurity and nearly as many do not have access to enough water for their basic daily needs. Council members expressed deep concern over the rapid and severe deterioration of the humanitarian situation in Yemen. They highlighted the critical need for humanitarian personnel, including UN staff, to be granted unimpeded access so that they can provide life-saving aid for civilians in need.
They also expressed alarm at the growing risks to the delivery of humanitarian assistance, and called on the Houthis to uphold international humanitarian law by ensuring safe, rapid and unimpeded access for aid operations. They reaffirmed that all efforts must be made to guarantee that assistance reaches those who are most vulnerable. The Security Council underscored the fact that in the absence of a political solution to the conflict in Yemen, the humanitarian crisis in the country will continue to worsen. Members reiterated their commitment to the unity, sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Yemen, and said they stand firm in support of the country’s people. The council also renewed its support for the UN’s special envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, and endorsed his ongoing efforts to help reach a negotiated, inclusive, Yemeni-led and Yemeni-owned political settlement. This process, they added, must be grounded in the agreed references and consistent with Security Council resolutions.

Ukraine-US talks end without agreement on critical minerals deal
Reuters/February 15, 2025
KYIV/MUNICH: Talks between Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky and US Vice President JD Vance ended in Munich on Friday without an announcement of a critical minerals deal that is central to Kyiv’s push to win the backing of President Donald Trump. Kyiv came back to the US earlier with a revised draft agreement of the deal that could open up its vast resources of key minerals to US investment, amid concerns in Kyiv over a US version that was presented to Ukraine on Wednesday. “Our teams will continue to work on the document,” Zelensky wrote on X, adding that he had had a “good meeting” with Vance and that Kyiv was “ready to move toward as quickly as possible toward a real and guaranteed peace.”Two members of the Ukrainian delegation told Reuters that “some details” still needed to be worked out. It was not immediately clear what the sticking point was, but Ukraine is pressing for robust security guarantees from Europe and the United States that would protect it from Russia in the future if a peace deal is reached. Zelensky set out the contours of the deal in a Reuters interview last week, unfurling a map showing numerous mineral deposits and saying he was offering a mutually beneficial partnership to develop them jointly and not “giving them away.” The minerals in question would include rare earth varieties, as well as titanium, uranium and lithium among others.Trump, who has not committed to continuing vital military assistance to Ukraine, has said he wants $500 billion in rare earth minerals from Kyiv and that Washington’s support needs to be “secured.”Asked earlier if there would be a deal agreed on Friday, Vance had said: “Let’s see.”Ukraine was presented with a draft accord drawn up by the United States on Wednesday when Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent traveled to Kyiv. Zelensky said Ukraine would study it with a view to reaching an agreement in Munich. Bessent told Fox Business Network on Friday that the Trump administration’s plan to end the war would intertwine Kyiv’s economy with the United States, with the US bringing its “best practices” of privatization. He said: “Part of it starts with intertwining the ... Ukrainian economy more with the US, and making sure that US taxpayers receive the return for the money they put in.”
‘One-sided offer?
Meeting for 90 minutes with a bipartisan group of US senators behind closed doors in Munich, Zelensky voiced concern about the US proposal presented on Wednesday, three sources familiar with his presentation said. He “felt he was being asked unreasonably to sign something he hadn’t had a chance to read,” one of them said on condition of anonymity. “I don’t think he appreciated being given a take-it-or-leave-it thing.”Zelensky discussed his own proposal for a mineral deal with the United States, the source said, saying it was drafted to comply with the Ukrainian constitution. Two other sources characterized the proposal delivered by Bessent as “one-sided,” but declined to elaborate. Democratic Senator Brian Schatz, asked after the meeting if Zelensky considered the US proposal one-sided, responded, “I think that’s fair to say.” Schatz said that the Trump proposal “needs massaging,” but declined to go into detail.

Russian forces take control of two settlements in eastern Ukraine, TASS says
Reuters/February 15, 2025
MOSCOW: Russian forces have taken control of two frontline settlements in eastern Donetsk region, the Russian Defense Ministry said on Friday. A ministry report said Russian forces had captured the village of Zelene Pole located between Pokrovsk, the focal point of Russian attacks in the region, and Velyuka Novosilka, a settlement that Russia’s military said it captured late last month. Also captured, according to the Russian report, was the village of Dachne, west of the town of Kurakhove, which Russia’s military said it also captured last month. The town had been subjected to weeks of heavy fighting. The General Staff of Ukraine’s military, in a late evening report, said both villages were among 11 settlements that had come under Russian attack in the Pokrovsk sector. But it made no mention of them coming under Russian control. Reuters could not independently confirm battlefield reports from either side.
Ukraine’s DeepState military blog, which tracks frontline positions based on open source reports, said this week that Russian forces had made advances near Zelene Pole and Dachne. Russian forces failed in their initial bid to advance on Kyiv, the Ukrainian capital, after the February 2022 invasion and have since concentrated on capturing Donbas, made up of the eastern regions of Donetsk and Luhansk. They have been making steady progress across Donetsk region for months, capturing a long string of villages. But Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on Thursday praised the “good success” of a regiment based near Pokrovsk, without identifying where the operation had taken place. At least one foreign blogger has noted Ukrainian counterattacks in the area.

Vance attack on Europe overshadows Ukraine talks at security conference

AP/February 15, 2025
MUNICH: US Vice President JD Vance accused European leaders on Friday of censoring free speech and failing to control immigration, drawing a sharp rebuke from Germany’s defense minister and overshadowing discussions on the war in Ukraine. The prospect of peace talks had been expected to dominate the annual Munich Security Conference after a call between US President Donald Trump and Russian leader Vladimir Putin this week but Vance barely mentioned Russia or Ukraine in his speech to the gathering. He said the threat to Europe that worried him most was not Russia or China but what he called a retreat from fundamental values of protecting free speech — as well as immigration, which he said was “out of control” in Europe. German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius hit back in his speech to the conference later in the day, calling Vance’s remarks “unacceptable.”He said Vance had called into question democracy not only in Germany but in Europe as a whole. The clash underlined the divergent worldviews of Trump’s new administration and European leaders, making it hard for longtime allies the United States and Europe to find common ground on issues including Ukraine. Many conference delegates watched Vance’s speech in stunned silence. There was little applause as he delivered his remarks. After his speech, Vance met with Alice Weidel, the leader of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, a move likely to draw criticism as unwelcome interference ahead of German federal elections next week. Trump’s call with Putin alarmed European governments, which have tried to isolate the Russian president since Moscow’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine and fear they could be cut out of peace talks that would have repercussions for their own security. Vance, who met Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in Munich on Friday, told the Wall Street Journal in an interview before the conference that Trump could use several tools — economic and military — for leverage with Putin. Vance’s spokesman, William Martin, later took issue with the newspaper’s interpretation that the vice president had been threatening Russia.
Peace talks
Zelensky said at the Munich conference that he would talk to Putin only once Ukraine had agreed on a common plan with Trump and European leaders. Vance and Zelensky declined to give details of what they discussed in Munich but the Ukrainian president reiterated that his country needs “real security guarantees.”German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock warned against any attempt to impose a peace deal on Ukraine. “A sham peace — over the heads of Ukrainians and Europeans — would gain nothing,” she said. “A sham peace would not bring lasting security, neither for the people in Ukraine nor for us in Europe or the United States.”Russia now holds about 20 percent of Ukraine nearly three years after launching a full-scale invasion, saying Kyiv’s pursuit of NATO membership posed an existential threat. Ukraine and the West call Russia’s action an imperialist land grab.
Vance also repeated Trump’s demand that Europe do more to safeguard its own defense so Washington can focus on other regions, particularly the Indo-Pacific. “In the future, we think Europe is going to have to take a bigger role in its own security,” he said in a meeting with German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier. NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte said Vance was “absolutely right” about the need for Europe “stepping up” and doing more for its own defense. “We have to grow up in that sense and spend much more,” Rutte said.
At the conference, several European leaders echoed his comments, saying Europe would step up its defense spending but also needed to discuss with Washington on a gradual phasing-out of its support. Prior to meeting with the AfD leader, Vance suggested in his speech that the group is an eligible political partner, appearing to denounce a policy not to work with the AfD held by Germany’s major political parties. The anti-immigration AfD is monitored by German security services on suspicion of being right-wing extremist. It is currently polling at around 20 percent ahead of the February 23 general election. Billionaire US businessman Elon Musk, the biggest donor to Trump’s 2024 election effort and now head of Trump’s task force to slash US government spending, has also publicly backed the AfD.

Saudi Arabia praises US-Russia call, welcomes possible summit in Kingdom
Arab News/February 14, 2025
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia on Friday welcomed a recent phone call between US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin, as well as the possibility of hosting a summit between the two leaders in the Kingdom, according to a statement issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia commends the phone call that took place between His Excellency President Donald J. Trump, President of the United States of America, and His Excellency President Vladimir Putin, President of the Russian Federation, on February 12, 2025,” the statement read. It further expressed Saudi Arabia’s readiness to host any potential summit and reaffirmed its commitment to mediating a resolution to the ongoing war in Ukraine. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has reiterated the Kingdom’s support for mediation since the beginning of the war, and during separate calls with both Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on March 3, 2022. “The Kingdom affirms its continued efforts to achieve lasting peace between Russia and Ukraine,” the statement added, underscoring Riyadh’s ongoing diplomatic initiatives over the past three years.

Turkiye’s Erdogan says US making “wrong calculations” in Mideast
Reuters/February 14, 2025
ANKARA: Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan said the administration of US President Donald Trump was making “wrong calculations” regarding the Middle East, adding that heeding “Zionist lies” would only exacerbate conflicts. Turkiye has rejected Trump’s plan to remove the more than 2 million Palestinians from the Gaza Strip, claim US control of it and turn it into the “Riviera of the Middle East.” It has also said Israel’s assault on Gaza amounted to a genocide, while calling for international measures against its government. “Unfortunately, the United States is making a wrong calculation about our region. One should not be engaged in an approach that disregards the region’s history, values, and accumulation,” he said, according to a transcript of comments to journalists on a return flight from Malaysia, Indonesia and Pakistan.Erdogan said he expected Trump to realize his election campaign promises of taking steps for peace, rather than create new conflicts. He said he saw no real signs of a ceasefire in Gaza despite a truce agreement between Israel and Palestinian militant group Hamas, and added the Muslim world had still not been able to take a collective step on the issue.


The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on February 14-15/2025
Given Christianity's dominance in US, Trump raises eyebrows with anti-Christian bias initiative
Peter Smith/The Associated Press/February 14, 2025
Christianity is by far the largest faith in America, and Christian conservatives have a strong grip on the levers of government. That dominance is leaving many to question why President Donald Trump’s new task force on eradicating anti-Christian bias is needed. Critics see the task force initiative as unnecessary and pandering to Trump’s base. But some Christian supporters said it is overdue, claiming the Biden administration had discriminated against them through actions and inactions. The two-year task force, chaired by Attorney General Pam Bondi and composed of Cabinet and other government representatives, is assigned to review and “identify any unlawful anti-Christian” actions under the Biden administration, change any objectionable policies and recommend steps to rectify any past failures.
A debate over victimhood
Bruce Ledewitz, a law professor at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, criticized the mindset behind the executive order as that of a powerful group claiming victimhood. The Christian conservative movement — a core Republican constituency — now has significant sway on the Supreme Court and in numerous states, Congress and the presidency, Ledewitz said. And still, they declare, “We are victims,” he said. “There’s a struggle for the soul of America,” said Ledewitz, who studies the relationship between constitutional law and religion. “We call this a culture war, but it’s very deep,” animated by the charge “that you people, the Democrats, you are not religious, and we are.”Trump said exactly that at a National Prayer Breakfast gathering on Feb. 6. “The opposing side, they oppose religion, they oppose God,” Trump claimed, accusing the previous administration of engaging in “persecution." President Joe Biden, a regular Mass-attending Catholic, often spoke of drawing on the values of his faith and had warm relations with Pope Francis. But Ryan Bangert, a senior vice president at the conservative legal organization Alliance Defending Freedom, said the task force is overdue. He said the Biden administration was “deliberately targeting Christian beliefs through discriminatory policies” on issues such as abortion and gender. These are “not fringe beliefs” and are shared by other religious groups besides Christians, he said.
Do the cases of alleged bias add up to a pattern?
Critics said Trump is claiming to see persecution in distorted case descriptions, a calendar coincidence and other situations that, while raising concerns, don’t add up to a pattern. For example, Trump spoke at the prayer breakfast about how he pardoned a set of abortion protesters. He mischaracterized the case of one woman, who was sentenced to prison at age 75, as being “put in jail because she was praying.” She and co-defendants were sentenced for blockading an abortion clinic in violation of the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act, enacted in the 1990s after violent attacks on abortion providers. But Bangert said the Biden administration “severely weaponized” the FACE Act, being far more aggressive against anti-abortion protesters than those who vandalized or threatened other institutions protected by the same act, including churches and pregnancy centers that counsel women not to have abortions. Those incurred a spate of attacks after the Supreme Court, in 2022, overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision that had made abortion legal nationwide. A Biden-era Justice Department document lists one case of a conviction of three activists who supported abortion rights and vandalized pregnancy centers. That list otherwise documents numerous prosecutions against anti-abortion protesters who blockaded, threatened or disrupted clinic activities. The act was “simply deployed to prosecute pro-life advocates who, had they been advocating for any other set of beliefs, would never have been prosecuted by the government,” Bangert said. “Yet the Biden administration refused to enforce the FACE Act in cases where pro-life pregnancy centers or churches or synagogues were targeted.”
The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops welcomed the creation of the task force.
“We are hopeful in hearing the news that the Administration is seeking to address anti-Christian bias and incidents, and we stand ready to offer our own insights into how we might ensure that all people are able to fully exercise their religious freedom,” said conference spokesperson Chieko Noguchi. The conference keeps a running list of reports of vandalism and attacks on churches, reporting at least 366 cases of arson, damaged religious statues and other incidents since 2020. The conference’s religious liberty committee released a report in 2024 citing a bipartisan list of concerns ranging from mandates from the Biden administration regarding gender and abortion to a crackdown by Texas’ Republican attorney general on Catholic organizations serving immigrants. Trump’s executive order claims that Biden-era equal-employment officials sought to “force Christians to affirm radical transgender ideology against their faith” and that another department “sought to drive Christians out of the foster-care system.”
Trump claimed the FBI in 2023 “asserted that traditional Catholics were domestic-terrorism threats and suggested infiltrating Catholic churches as ’threat mitigation.’”The claim emerged from the case of a man of who pleaded guilty to a federal weapons charge and who had spoken of intending to kill Jews and other minorities. He had been attending a church espousing traditionalist Catholic beliefs -- though not in communion with the pope – where he reportedly sought to recruit others, according to a Justice Department review. A leaked FBI report cited a purported link between “Racially or Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremists” and “Radical Traditionalist Catholic” adherents. A Justice Department inspector general subsequently found “there was no evidence of malicious intent” but that the memo showed a failure to “adhere to analytic tradecraft standards.”
Trump also cited a calendar mashup. Biden had issued a declaration proclaiming March 31, 2024, as “Transgender Day of Visibility,” which occurs annually on that date. In 2024, that date also happened to be Easter Sunday. While churches have a range of views on LGBTQ+ issues, the proclamation’s timing led to indignant responses from conservative Christian leaders that do not affirm transgender identity.
Looking at the big picture
A White House action focused on a specific religion is not unprecedented. The Biden administration, for example, issued strategy plans to combat antisemitism and Islamophobia. The secular advocacy group Freedom From Religion Foundation questioned the new task force on the social media platform X, saying “government’s job is to protect everyone’s rights, not give special treatment to one religion.” It questioned whether the task force would “just push a Christian nationalist agenda.”Ledewitz said the task force doesn’t violate the constitutional prohibition on the state establishment of a religion — in theory. “If, in practice, it’s going to have government promote Christianity, that violates the Establishment clause,” he said. Ledewitz cited the Supreme Court's 2017 ruling in favor of a Colorado baker who refused to bake a wedding cake for a same-sex couple, saying that his state’s Civil Rights Commission showed “hostility” to his religious beliefs.
“Government is not allowed to be hostile to religion,” Ledewitz said.
However, Ledewitz said there is no case to be made for U.S. Christians suffering systemic persecution. Though the numbers of people without religion have grown to about 3 in 10 American adults, Christians still make up nearly two-thirds of the population. Matthew Taylor, Protestant scholar at the Institute for Islamic, Christian and Jewish Studies in Baltimore, said the task force raises concerns. Taylor’s 2024 book, “The Violent Take It By Force: The Christian Movement That Is Threatening Our Democracy,” recounts the role of charismatic leaders who have been among Trump’s most fervent supporters. In a majority Christian country, “it’s a bit absurd to claim that there is widespread anti-Christian bias,” Taylor said. “When a majority begins to claim persecution, that is often a license for attacks on minorities.”

'Why Did You Sit at Home among the Sheepfolds?': Israel and the People of the Book

Nils A. Haug/Gatestone Institute./February 14, 2025
Zionism is simply the right of the Jewish nation to live peacefully in its ancestral home -- the land promised them in millennia past. Canaan is their inheritance, and has served as their sanctuary for nearly 4,000 years in a world that largely despises them.
The great British statesman Winston Churchill said in 1922 that Jews had returned to Palestine, as it was called then -- based on its revised name, given by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was trying to sever Judea from the Jews -- "as of right and not by sufferance, and that this was based on their ancient historical connection."
The biblical Song of Deborah praises those tribes who participated in the battle under the leadership of Barak, the son of Abinoam, and scorns those who did not: "Why did you sit at home among the sheepfolds?" the song asks; "Why did Dan stay home?"
The great British statesman Winston Churchill said in 1922 that Jews had returned to Palestine, as it was called then -- based on its revised name, given by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was trying to sever Judea from the Jews -- "as of right and not by sufferance, and that this was based on their ancient historical connection."
"Even an ancient vision has its moment of birth," wrote the Israeli poet Nathan Alterman (1910-1970). Alterman lovingly described Israel: "The surroundings of the Kinneret have been a kind of symbol of earthly beauty to us...."
Alterman's vision of Israel, Eretz Yisrael, and her natural beauty, seems to have been given birth through a deep commitment to an ancient promise made by the Creator to the patriarch Abraham, forefather of all Jews. This covenant was repeated to his son Isaac and then grandson Jacob, again by the Creator. Moses emphasized this promise at Sinai when he declared to the twelve tribes that G-d would restore to them the land of their ancestors.
In this way, the area to be possessed became known to the world at large as the "promised land." The biblical book of Bereshit (Genesis) records the extent of the land, Zion. What exactly is Zionism? Zionism is simply the right of the Jewish nation to live peacefully in its ancestral home -- the land promised them in millennia past. Canaan is their inheritance, and has served as their sanctuary for nearly 4,000 years in a world that largely despises them. Zion (now Israel), is the place they can gather to practice their faith without persecution. The right of religion is an integral part of the covenant dedicating that land to them.
The modern movement for returning to the land was initiated by Theodor Herzl in 1897. He declared that the purpose of Zionism was to "establish a national home for the Jewish people, secured by Public Law." On this basis, Zionism is believed by some to be a narrow ideology with emphasis on Jewish nationalism and statehood. Although those two concepts can find some validity, Zionism is not an ideology but an enactment of promises made to the Jewish nation many thousands of years ago, and kept alive into the present era.
The great British statesman Winston Churchill said in 1922 that Jews had returned to Palestine, as it was called then -- based on its revised name, given by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was trying to sever Judea from the Jews -- "as of right and not by sufferance, and that this was based on their ancient historical connection."
The question that needs to be asked is why so many Jews would vehemently oppose their nation's legitimate occupation of the land that was promised them? It is to be expected that non-Jews have their own views on the subject, but those are, in principle, quite irrelevant to Jewish rights to the land. Nonetheless, contrary opinions from Jews in the diaspora and within Israel's society itself, as well as non-Jews can, unfortunately, make peaceful, secure, and undisturbed occupation for the majority quite complex, to say the least.
Many Haredim (ultra-orthodox Jews) believe that the establishment of Israel as a secular state in the modern day is premature, as establishment should only occur in the coming messianic age. Yet, the desire of most religious students is presumably to live and study in their ancient homeland, notably in its capital, Jerusalem, and to receive numerous state benefits granted to low-income families, such as subsidized daycare for children.
Despite their dedicated study of the scriptures and associated writings, and many being teachers of Torah, the argument of Haredi leaders against most of their community members doing serving in Israel's military in the defense of the land and its people is not sustainable, biblically or otherwise.
There are historical precedents that even religious leaders, such as rabbis, have joined their brethren in battle, for the Israelite army "was always accompanied to the field by a priest." The Book of Numbers records that to defend against the Midianites:
"Moses sent them to the war, a thousand from each tribe, together with Phineas the son of Eleazar the Cohen [priest], with the vessels of the sanctuary and the trumpets for the alarm in his hand."
Religious leaders historically had, and still have, a duty towards the spiritual well-being of the troops and to encourage them.
The biblical Song of Deborah praises those tribes who participated in the battle under the leadership of Barak, the son of Abinoam, and scorns those who did not: "Why did you sit at home among the sheepfolds?" the song asks; "Why did Dan stay home?"; and, "they did not come to help the Lord— to help the Lord against the mighty warriors." Only those warriors concerned for the survival of their tribes and the nation, were left to fight the enemy.
Moses challenged the two tribes who did not wish to cross the Jordon River with the others, and fight for the land promised them: "Moses said to the descendants of Gad and the descendants of Reuben, Shall your brethren go to war while you stay here?" Moses considered it sinful for them not to join the rest in conquering the land. Their participation in battle was essential to enable the assembled tribes to conquer the land from sworn enemies.
In 1948, when yeshiva students of the respected scholar, Israel's Sephardi Chief Rabbi Benzion Uziel, asked whether or not they should seek exemption from joining the War of Independence, he told them:
"How can you ask for such a thing? Were it not for my old age and illness, I would pick up a rifle and hand grenade and defend my Jerusalem, the place I was born; my neighbor's homes; the streets and alleyways of the Old City and the Yohanan Ben Zakkai synagogue. How can you raise such an outrageous request while everyone else is fighting? This is a war of life and death. It's a mitzvah [divine obligation] to fight. Remove these baseless ideas from your minds and go join the fight."
Thousands of Haredi Jews, in fact, already do serve in Israel's military and are considered among its finest, especially in combat.
"All Israel are responsible for one another" ("kol yisrael arevin zeh bazeh"), according to the Babylonian Talmud. The late UK Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks emphasized its meaning, saying: "Responsibility in Judaism belongs to all of us and we cannot delegate it away." Sacks further explained:
"Covenant societies exist not because they have been there a long time, nor because of some act of conquest, nor for the sake of some economic or military advantage. They exist to honour a pledge, a moral bond, an ethical undertaking. That is why telling the story is essential to a covenant society. It reminds all citizens of why they are there.... They are honouring the obligations imposed upon them by the founders.
"It is utterly astonishing that the mere act of telling the story, regularly, as a religious duty, sustained Jewish identity across the centuries, even in the absence of all the normal accompaniments of nationhood – land, geographical proximity, independence, self-determination ­– and never allowed the people to forget its ideals, its aspirations, its collective project of building a society that would be the opposite of Egypt, a place of freedom and justice and human dignity, in which no human being is sovereign; in which God alone is King."
According to the journalist Caroline Glick, who is now international affairs adviser to the Israeli government:
"It is the resurrection of strategic independence — of Zionism — that will secure Israel's future for the next hundred years."As even the Qur'an states that this land was reserved for the "children of Israel", "the people of the Book":
"And We said thereafter to the Children of Israel, 'Dwell securely in the land of promise.'" ( Qur'an 17:104)
"O my people! Enter the holy land which Allah has assigned to you..." (Qur'an 5:21)
Nils A. Haug is an author and columnist. A Lawyer by profession, he is member of the International Bar Association, the National Association of Scholars, the Academy of Philosophy and Letters. Dr. Haug holds a Ph.D. in Apologetical Theology and is author of 'Politics, Law, and Disorder in the Garden of Eden – the Quest for Identity'; and 'Enemies of the Innocent – Life, Truth, and Meaning in a Dark Age.' His work has been published by First Things Journal, The American Mind, Quadrant, Minding the Campus, Gatestone Institute, National Association of Scholars, Jewish Journal, James Wilson Institute (Anchoring Truths), Document Danmark, and many others.
© 2025 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/21390/israel-people-of-the-book

Erdogan on tour as Turkiye pivots to Asia
Dr. Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Turkiye’s engagement with Southeast Asia is often seen as part of a broader strategic pivot that has been evolving in line with its broader foreign policy. Last week President Recep Tayyip Erdogan conducted a tour of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Pakistan, which was significant in many respects and deserves a closer look. In 2019, Turkiye introduced the Asia Anew Initiative with three main goals: to bolster Turkiye’s defense cooperation by building stronger defense ties with Asian countries; to address the growing demand for defense procurement by increasing Turkiye’s access to Asian markets; and to foster closer economic relations with individual countries and regional organizations of which they are members. The initiative covers various projects from 2024 to 2026. Malaysia and Indonesia play important roles, as both are members of influential organizations such as the ASEAN, BRICS, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and the Developing-8. Erdogan’s first stop on his tour was Malaysia, which he last visited in 2019. Malaysia is especially important in the context of Asia Anew for several reasons. Malaysia is the 2025 chair of ASEAN, in whose summits Turkiye has participated since 2013. Turkiye is currently a sectoral dialogue partner of the organization, with aspirations to gain full dialogue partner status. Malaysia’s support, as one of ASEAN’s founding members, is crucial for Turkiye to achieve this goal.
Malaysia is also a member of the D-8, an international organization founded in 1997 in Istanbul, along with Turkiye, Iran, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Egypt, and Nigeria. It is also an active member of the OIC, and along with Turkiye has been instrumental in diplomatic efforts to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. One of the key issues discussed during Erdoğan’s visit to Malaysia was the reconstruction of Gaza: Malaysia pledged to support the creation of a fund for this purpose and co-chair the East Asia Reconstruction Plan for Gaza and Palestine. Erdogan emphasized the importance of platforms like the OIC and D-8 to address global humanitarian issues, including Gaza. Malaysia also was the first ASEAN member country to sign a free trade agreement with Turkiye, in 2014.
The global shift of power from the West to the East, the “pivot to Asia” trend, changing dynamics in the Middle East, and Turkiye’s pragmatic foreign policy have shaped Ankara’s own turn toward Asia.
There is a burgeoning relationship between Turkiye and Southeast Asian states in the area of defense. Malaysia’s Ministry of Defense has identified Turkiye as a key player in the development of its defense capabilities. In particular, Malaysia has shown interest in Turkish maritime defense products. Turkish defense giant STM signed an agreement with Malaysia in 2024for the purchase of three corvette warships. The strong momentum of Turkish-Malaysian relations was evident in the 11 agreements signed during Erdogan's visit.
The president’s second stop was Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim-majority nation and Southeast Asia’s largest economy. The two countries have significantly strengthened their ties in recent years. In 2022, they signed five agreements on defense, technology, forestry, and environmental cooperation. In 2023, they agreed to carry out joint military exercises and enhance their defense industry cooperation. During Erdogan’s visit, an agreement was signed between Indonesian defense company Republikorp and Turkiye’s Baykar to establish a drone production facility in Indonesia. President Prabowo Subianto spoke highly of this growing cooperation, noting successful joint ventures with Turkish defense firms such as Roketsan, Aselsan, Havelsan, and Baykar. This visit also marked the first meeting of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council of two states, which was established in 2022.
The final leg of Erdogan’s tour took him to Pakistan, which he visited five years ago. Turkiye has a special bond with Pakistan, a middle-sized defense partner where Turkiye has long played a crucial role in strengthening military capabilities. During this visit, Pakistan signed a deal to acquire electronic warfare aircraft — another outcome of the already growing defense cooperation, particularly in areas such as technology transfer, joint production agreements, and arms sales. Turkish defense companies such as Aselsan and Roketsan have worked with Pakistani partners to develop advanced weaponry, enhancing Pakistan’s indigenous defense production and reducing its reliance on Western suppliers. This growing military collaboration has deepened Turkiye-Pakistan relations and solidified Turkiye’s position as an important partner.
The global shift of power from the West to the East, the “pivot to Asia” trend, changing dynamics in the Middle East, and Turkiye’s pragmatic foreign policy have shaped Ankara’s own turn toward Asia. Turkiye is now working to expand its influence in Southeast Asia, a region that has warmly welcomed this involvement. But it is important to consider how Turkiye can further align its strategic objectives with the evolving dynamics of this region and increasing competition among several actors. The personal diplomacy at leadership level with each nation, defense capabilities, and economic potential are Turkiye’s key assets that can support its pivot to Asia. But its Southeast Asia policy needs sustained focus and efforts, moving beyond economic and defense collaboration, and building more on people-to-people relations.
• Dr. Sinem Cengiz is a Turkish political analyst who specializes in Turkiye’s relations with the Middle East. X: @SinemCngz

Why Europe’s security must be a key US aim
Luke Coffey/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Last week was a busy one in US-European relations. Pentagon chief Pete Hegseth made his first official visit to Europe for a NATO meeting in Brussels, Vice President J.D. Vance also made his first visit to deliver a speech on artificial intelligence in Paris — and Americans woke up to the surprising news that an American long held by Russia had been released as part of a prisoner exchange. President Donald Trump also held lengthy phone calls with Vladimir Putin and Volodymyr Zelensky to try to jump start Ukraine peace talks between the two countries. These events all led up to the annual Munich Security Conference, beginning on Friday, at which Europeans, Americans, and many from all corners of the world were eager to hear what Vance had to say about the future of US-European ties, NATO, and relations with Russia. This busy week will set the tone for the new Trump administration and its approach to the continent. As Trump develops that approach, he should look back at his first term as a blueprint.
What many in Europe remember about that first term was repeated by Vance in his speech in Munich on Friday — criticism of European allies for their inadequate funding of defense and relying too much on the American military presence on the continent. However, the actual policy outcomes differed greatly from the rhetoric. Despite the attacks on Europeans for not spending enough, Trump’s first term in the White House delivered an increase of more than 40 percent in American spending on European defense compared with the Obama administration. By the time Trump left in 2021, there were more US forces in Europe and more training exercises across the continent than before he took office. Trump also took significant steps to strengthen Europe’s energy security and stability. He ramped up US exports of LNG, reducing European reliance on Russian gas. He also imposed sanctions Russia’s Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline, which was undermining Europe’s energy security. Trump was the first to provide advanced anti-tank weapons to Ukraine after the Obama administration repeatedly failed to do so. He also oversaw the largest expulsion in history of Russian spies and diplomats from US territory, and closed down two Russian consulates in Seattle and San Francisco along with two trade mission annexes in Washington and New York. These were not the actions of someone indifferent to Europe or weak on Russia. If anything, they demonstrated a strong commitment to European security and US leadership in transatlantic affairs. It is this kind of strategic thinking that should inform the second Trump administration’s approach. The security of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia is interconnected, whether policymakers like it or not.
One significant change since Trump’s first term is the growing bipartisan awareness of the challenges China poses to US national interests. As a result, many in the Trump administration believe that East Asia should be the focus for national security. However, as a global power in what Secretary of State Marco Rubio describes as a multipolar world, the US cannot afford to focus on one region at the expense of others. Regardless of discussions about reprioritizing Asia and drawing down US forces in Europe and the Middle East, geopolitical reality makes such a shift nearly impossible.
Europe remains crucial to the well-being of the American economy. Together, North America and Europe account for about half of the world’s GDP. Two-thirds of all foreign investment into the US is from Europe. Additionally, Europe is collectively America’s largest export market, with 48 out of 50 US states exporting more to the continent than they do to China. Trump, with his background in business, understands better than anyone that when an American product is exported, that secures an American job. Right now, Russia is actively trying to undermine stability in Europe, which threatens the economic prosperity that has long benefited both the US and the American worker. Essentially, America’s military presence in Europe, along with NATO, is the primary security guarantor of America’s largest export market and source of foreign investment. The idea that America could simply walk away from Europe is not only naive but also geopolitically dangerous. If the world is reemerging as a multipolar system, as Rubio suggests, then many of these geopolitical poles are converging in eastern Ukraine, where Russia continues its aggression with the assistance of North Korean soldiers and Iranian drones. The security of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia is interconnected, whether policymakers like it or not. As Trump’s second administration unfolds, maintaining strong transatlantic relations will be essential to ensuring that the US remains an influential player on the world stage. While there will undoubtedly be discussions about shifting priorities, the geopolitical realities of the modern world make it clear that Europe must remain a key pillar of US foreign policy. The administration should take a strategic, long-term approach to strengthening NATO, supporting Ukraine, and maintaining US leadership in European security.
Ultimately, the Trump administration’s approach to Europe should not be defined by campaign rhetoric but by practical policy measures that align with US strategic interests. As history has shown, a strong and engaged America in Europe is not just beneficial for the continent — it is also vital for US national security and economic prosperity.
• Luke Coffey is a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. X: @LukeDCoffey

Smart cities must embrace the circular economy
Majed Al-Qatari/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Urbanization has led to increased resource exploitation and pollution. Smart cities, by contrast, represent a forward-thinking approach to development, leveraging technology and the latest innovations to address urban challenges. With 68 percent of the global population expected to live in urban areas by 2050, integrating circular economy concepts is essential for technological, environmental, and economic transformation. The circular economy framework for innovative cities focuses on reducing resource consumption and promoting the recycling of materials. Urban planning can support this by incorporating reusable construction materials, renewable resources and recycled products. These efforts can be enhanced by technologies that minimize waste and policies that promote circular resource management. New technological advancements, including the internet of things, artificial intelligence and blockchain, are key drivers in the development of circular smart cities.
Sensors can monitor waste accumulation, optimize collection schedules and reduce costs, while AI-powered algorithms can predict energy consumption, helping to optimize resource use. Meanwhile, blockchain enhances transparency and supply chain traceability, promoting sustainable procurement.
A strong example of this is Amsterdam’s Circular City program, which leverages technology to track physical materials and their consumption. Amsterdam’s circular strategy aims to recycle 67 percent of municipal waste with the goal of achieving full circularity by 2050.
Copenhagen has integrated AI into its energy systems, leading to a 42 percent reduction in the city’s carbon emissions over the past decade. Applying circular economy principles in innovative city development is not just an environmentally responsible choice but an essential one. Recycling in the Danish capital is commonly implemented within the construction industry, where 80 percent of construction materials are reused or regenerated. Similarly, Saudi Arabia’s NEOM project envisions a sustainable, smart city that integrates waste-reducing technologies, including renewable energy sources and circular systems. Circular strategies can lead to significant improvements in waste reduction, energy use and resource utilization. However, obstacles such as high initial costs, bureaucratic constraints, and public skepticism hinder widespread adoption.
Innovations in the circular economy of smart cities require the involvement of governments and the private sector as part of public-private partnerships.
Policymakers must establish clear legal guidelines for sustainability that are easily understood by all stakeholders. This could include mandating the use of recycled materials in construction projects or offering tax exemptions to participants in the circular economy. Education investment is equally important, as public awareness can drive the behavioral changes necessary for realizing the circular economy. Additionally, financing is needed for the development of new infrastructure and technologies, such as smart grids, renewable energy sources and modern recycling centers. Applying circular economy principles in innovative city development is not just an environmentally responsible choice, but an essential one. With increasing urbanization and growing pressure on the natural environment, circularity can serve as a blueprint for creating sustainable urban environments. We can build cities for today and tomorrow by advancing technology, fostering teamwork, promoting education and constructing infrastructure.
• Majed Al-Qatari is a sustainability leader, ecological engineer and UN Youth Ambassador.

Erdogan on tour as Turkiye pivots to Asia
Dr. Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Turkiye’s engagement with Southeast Asia is often seen as part of a broader strategic pivot that has been evolving in line with its broader foreign policy. Last week President Recep Tayyip Erdogan conducted a tour of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Pakistan, which was significant in many respects and deserves a closer look.
In 2019, Turkiye introduced the Asia Anew Initiative with three main goals: to bolster Turkiye’s defense cooperation by building stronger defense ties with Asian countries; to address the growing demand for defense procurement by increasing Turkiye’s access to Asian markets; and to foster closer economic relations with individual countries and regional organizations of which they are members. The initiative covers various projects from 2024 to 2026. Malaysia and Indonesia play important roles, as both are members of influential organizations such as the ASEAN, BRICS, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and the Developing-8.
Erdogan’s first stop on his tour was Malaysia, which he last visited in 2019. Malaysia is especially important in the context of Asia Anew for several reasons. Malaysia is the 2025 chair of ASEAN, in whose summits Turkiye has participated since 2013. Turkiye is currently a sectoral dialogue partner of the organization, with aspirations to gain full dialogue partner status. Malaysia’s support, as one of ASEAN’s founding members, is crucial for Turkiye to achieve this goal.
Malaysia is also a member of the D-8, an international organization founded in 1997 in Istanbul, along with Turkiye, Iran, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Egypt, and Nigeria. It is also an active member of the OIC, and along with Turkiye has been instrumental in diplomatic efforts to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. One of the key issues discussed during Erdoğan’s visit to Malaysia was the reconstruction of Gaza: Malaysia pledged to support the creation of a fund for this purpose and co-chair the East Asia Reconstruction Plan for Gaza and Palestine. Erdogan emphasized the importance of platforms like the OIC and D-8 to address global humanitarian issues, including Gaza. Malaysia also was the first ASEAN member country to sign a free trade agreement with Turkiye, in 2014.
The global shift of power from the West to the East, the “pivot to Asia” trend, changing dynamics in the Middle East, and Turkiye’s pragmatic foreign policy have shaped Ankara’s own turn toward Asia.
There is a burgeoning relationship between Turkiye and Southeast Asian states in the area of defense. Malaysia’s Ministry of Defense has identified Turkiye as a key player in the development of its defense capabilities. In particular, Malaysia has shown interest in Turkish maritime defense products. Turkish defense giant STM signed an agreement with Malaysia in 2024for the purchase of three corvette warships. The strong momentum of Turkish-Malaysian relations was evident in the 11 agreements signed during Erdogan's visit.
The president’s second stop was Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim-majority nation and Southeast Asia’s largest economy. The two countries have significantly strengthened their ties in recent years. In 2022, they signed five agreements on defense, technology, forestry, and environmental cooperation. In 2023, they agreed to carry out joint military exercises and enhance their defense industry cooperation. During Erdogan’s visit, an agreement was signed between Indonesian defense company Republikorp and Turkiye’s Baykar to establish a drone production facility in Indonesia. President Prabowo Subianto spoke highly of this growing cooperation, noting successful joint ventures with Turkish defense firms such as Roketsan, Aselsan, Havelsan, and Baykar. This visit also marked the first meeting of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council of two states, which was established in 2022.
The final leg of Erdogan’s tour took him to Pakistan, which he visited five years ago. Turkiye has a special bond with Pakistan, a middle-sized defense partner where Turkiye has long played a crucial role in strengthening military capabilities. During this visit, Pakistan signed a deal to acquire electronic warfare aircraft — another outcome of the already growing defense cooperation, particularly in areas such as technology transfer, joint production agreements, and arms sales. Turkish defense companies such as Aselsan and Roketsan have worked with Pakistani partners to develop advanced weaponry, enhancing Pakistan’s indigenous defense production and reducing its reliance on Western suppliers. This growing military collaboration has deepened Turkiye-Pakistan relations and solidified Turkiye’s position as an important partner.
The global shift of power from the West to the East, the “pivot to Asia” trend, changing dynamics in the Middle East, and Turkiye’s pragmatic foreign policy have shaped Ankara’s own turn toward Asia. Turkiye is now working to expand its influence in Southeast Asia, a region that has warmly welcomed this involvement. But it is important to consider how Turkiye can further align its strategic objectives with the evolving dynamics of this region and increasing competition among several actors. The personal diplomacy at leadership level with each nation, defense capabilities, and economic potential are Turkiye’s key assets that can support its pivot to Asia. But its Southeast Asia policy needs sustained focus and efforts, moving beyond economic and defense collaboration, and building more on people-to-people relations.
• Dr. Sinem Cengiz is a Turkish political analyst who specializes in Turkiye’s relations with the Middle East. X: @SinemCngz

Why Europe’s security must be a key US aim
Luke Coffey/Arab News/February 14, 2025
Last week was a busy one in US-European relations. Pentagon chief Pete Hegseth made his first official visit to Europe for a NATO meeting in Brussels, Vice President J.D. Vance also made his first visit to deliver a speech on artificial intelligence in Paris — and Americans woke up to the surprising news that an American long held by Russia had been released as part of a prisoner exchange.
President Donald Trump also held lengthy phone calls with Vladimir Putin and Volodymyr Zelensky to try to jump start Ukraine peace talks between the two countries. These events all led up to the annual Munich Security Conference, beginning on Friday, at which Europeans, Americans, and many from all corners of the world were eager to hear what Vance had to say about the future of US-European ties, NATO, and relations with Russia.
This busy week will set the tone for the new Trump administration and its approach to the continent. As Trump develops that approach, he should look back at his first term as a blueprint.
What many in Europe remember about that first term was repeated by Vance in his speech in Munich on Friday — criticism of European allies for their inadequate funding of defense and relying too much on the American military presence on the continent. However, the actual policy outcomes differed greatly from the rhetoric. Despite the attacks on Europeans for not spending enough, Trump’s first term in the White House delivered an increase of more than 40 percent in American spending on European defense compared with the Obama administration. By the time Trump left in 2021, there were more US forces in Europe and more training exercises across the continent than before he took office.
Trump also took significant steps to strengthen Europe’s energy security and stability. He ramped up US exports of LNG, reducing European reliance on Russian gas. He also imposed sanctions Russia’s Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline, which was undermining Europe’s energy security. Trump was the first to provide advanced anti-tank weapons to Ukraine after the Obama administration repeatedly failed to do so. He also oversaw the largest expulsion in history of Russian spies and diplomats from US territory, and closed down two Russian consulates in Seattle and San Francisco along with two trade mission annexes in Washington and New York.
These were not the actions of someone indifferent to Europe or weak on Russia. If anything, they demonstrated a strong commitment to European security and US leadership in transatlantic affairs. It is this kind of strategic thinking that should inform the second Trump administration’s approach.
The security of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia is interconnected, whether policymakers like it or not.
One significant change since Trump’s first term is the growing bipartisan awareness of the challenges China poses to US national interests. As a result, many in the Trump administration believe that East Asia should be the focus for national security. However, as a global power in what Secretary of State Marco Rubio describes as a multipolar world, the US cannot afford to focus on one region at the expense of others. Regardless of discussions about reprioritizing Asia and drawing down US forces in Europe and the Middle East, geopolitical reality makes such a shift nearly impossible.
Europe remains crucial to the well-being of the American economy. Together, North America and Europe account for about half of the world’s GDP. Two-thirds of all foreign investment into the US is from Europe. Additionally, Europe is collectively America’s largest export market, with 48 out of 50 US states exporting more to the continent than they do to China. Trump, with his background in business, understands better than anyone that when an American product is exported, that secures an American job. Right now, Russia is actively trying to undermine stability in Europe, which threatens the economic prosperity that has long benefited both the US and the American worker. Essentially, America’s military presence in Europe, along with NATO, is the primary security guarantor of America’s largest export market and source of foreign investment. The idea that America could simply walk away from Europe is not only naive but also geopolitically dangerous.
If the world is reemerging as a multipolar system, as Rubio suggests, then many of these geopolitical poles are converging in eastern Ukraine, where Russia continues its aggression with the assistance of North Korean soldiers and Iranian drones. The security of Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia is interconnected, whether policymakers like it or not.
As Trump’s second administration unfolds, maintaining strong transatlantic relations will be essential to ensuring that the US remains an influential player on the world stage. While there will undoubtedly be discussions about shifting priorities, the geopolitical realities of the modern world make it clear that Europe must remain a key pillar of US foreign policy. The administration should take a strategic, long-term approach to strengthening NATO, supporting Ukraine, and maintaining US leadership in European security.
Ultimately, the Trump administration’s approach to Europe should not be defined by campaign rhetoric but by practical policy measures that align with US strategic interests. As history has shown, a strong and engaged America in Europe is not just beneficial for the continent — it is also vital for US national security and economic prosperity.
• Luke Coffey is a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. X: @LukeDCoffey