English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For February 01/2025
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

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Bible Quotations For today
Burying Jesus in the Garden’s Tomb after Pilate allowed Joseph of Arimathaea, to take the body down from the cross
John 19/38-42: After these things, Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked of Pilate that he might take away Jesus’ body. Pilate gave him permission. He came therefore and took away his body. Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred Roman pounds. So they took Jesus’ body, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury. Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden. In the garden was a new tomb in which no man had ever yet been laid. Then, because of the Jews’ Preparation Day (for the tomb was near at hand), they laid Jesus there.

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on January 31/February 01/2025
On the Anniversary of the Founding of the Lebanese Front/Father Tony Bou Assaf / January 31/2025
Hezbollah Drone Incident Suggests Divide Between Political, Military Wings
Israeli airstrikes kill 2 in Lebanon
Israel says Hezbollah drone breached ceasefire
Israel threatens to hit Beirut airport if Iran 'keeps sending cash to Hezbollah'
Egyptian FM Calls for Full Implementation of UN Resolution 1701
Govt. formation negotiations: Latest developments
Hochstein's successor visits Lebanon, seeks inspection of 30 'Hezbollah sites'
Hezbollah MP urges state to 'act immediately' after Bekaa strikes
In Beirut, Egypt FM says Cairo ready for reconstruction role, urges Israeli withdrawal
Iranian Deputy FM: Lebanon Is Entering a 'New Era'
Al-Qard al-Hassan Delays Compensation Payments: Is Hezbollah in Trouble?
Geagea says parties must be in govt., finance can't be given to Shiite Duo
Man held, car torched after he runs over Hezbollah supporters during funeral
The Demonization of Political Parties and Its Effects/Johnny Kortbawi/This is Beirut/January 31, 2025
Shiites Must Break Free from Hezbollah and Berri’s Stranglehold/Colonel Charbel Barakat/January 31/2025

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on January 31/February 01/2025
British-Israeli hostage says Hamas held her at UN facilities
Rubio Affirms That Lebanon’s Government Will Become Stronger Than Hezbollah
EU restarts Rafah border crossing mission, says foreign policy chief Kallas
UNRWA’s work continues despite ban
Hamas to free three Israeli hostages in next ceasefire swap
Smotrich: Netanyahu, Trump Committed to Removing Hamas from Gaza
Palestinian terrorist groups react to Israel’s latest West Bank operation
Iran FM: Attacking Our Nuclear Sites Would Be ‘One of Biggest Mistakes US Could Make’
Syria Arrests Assad-Era Officer Seen as Responsible for Triggering 2011 Uprising
Syria writers urge new leaders to respect public freedoms
Legal battle intensifies over Gaza as ICJ rulings face defiance
Ahmad al Sharaa’s Victory Conference: Syria’s new era and an exclusive translation of Sharaa’s speech
Sweden releases 5 arrested following the killing of an Iraqi who carried out Qur’an burnings
Trump will rue recklessly yanking security from Mike Pompeo, others in Iran’s crosshairs
White House says Trump tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China will come Saturday
North Korean Troops Withdraw From Russia's Frontline After Heavy Losses, Officials Say

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on January 31/February 01/2025
Trump’s Return Pushes Iran Into a Defensive Posture/Janatan Sayeh/ Policy Brief/January 31/2025
Hamas Deal Puts U.S. Boots on the Ground/Daniel Greenfield/Gatestone Institute/January 31, 2025
Can Trump Reverse The Irreversible?/Amb. Alberto M. Fernandez/MEMRI/January 31/ 2025
Israel now applying its ‘Gaza model’ in the West Bank/Daoud Kuttab/Arab News/January 31, 2025
Turkiye’s compartmentalized approach to the Maghreb/Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/January 31, 2025

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on January 31/February 01/2025
On the Anniversary of the Founding of the Lebanese Front
Father Tony Bou Assaf / January 31/2025
Do as you wish...
Act as you please...
Negotiate with nations...
Roam and revel as you desire...
But if you do not return to the ideology of the "Front of Freedom and Humanity"—later known as the Lebanese Front—then Lebanon will cease to exist.
On the anniversary of the Lebanese Front’s founding, we call on everyone to revisit its ideology and fundamental principles to answer a crucial question: What kind of Lebanon do we want?
Our people deserve a Front of Freedom and a Nation of Humanity.
January 31, 1976 – January 31, 2025
#Theology_of_Existence

Rubio Affirms That Lebanon’s Government Will Become Stronger Than Hezbollah
Al-Markazia/January 31, 2025
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio stated in a recent press interview that the Middle East is witnessing positive developments, highlighting what he called "good news" from Lebanon. He affirmed that the current Lebanese government hopes to become stronger than Hezbollah, noting that the extended ceasefire in the region is helping to achieve this goal. Rubio pointed out that if the current trajectory continues—where Hezbollah weakens and becomes unable to serve Iran’s agenda—it could pave the way for new regional relationships. He explained that Iran’s growing weakness, following the loss of several of its proxies, may open the door for agreements between Saudi Arabia and Israel, which would have significant effects on regional dynamics. He also emphasized that this shift could facilitate the resolution of some complex challenges, including the Palestinian issue, particularly in Gaza, despite the persistent difficulties. While acknowledging that these transformations are not guaranteed, Rubio stressed that real opportunities now exist that were not available just three months ago, providing some hope for improved conditions in the region.

Hezbollah Drone Incident Suggests Divide Between Political, Military Wings
Beirut: Nazeer Rida/January 31, 2025
The downing of a reconnaissance drone, which the Israeli military said belonged to Hezbollah, on Thursday exposed internal decision-making challenges within the group. In a statement last week, Hezbollah called on the Lebanese state to address Israel’s delay in withdrawing troops from occupied Lebanese territory—an obligation under the 60-day timeframe set by the ceasefire agreement—without hinting at any unilateral military action. This measured rhetoric was echoed by senior Hezbollah figures, including Secretary-General Naim Qassem and the head of its parliamentary bloc, Mohammad Raad, earlier this week. Since the ceasefire on November 27, Hezbollah has avoided military actions in southern Lebanon, except for a missile strike on an Israeli military site in the Shebaa Farms during the first week. Despite Israeli airstrikes, home demolitions, and incursions into Lebanese territory, including near the Litani River, Hezbollah has not responded with further military action. Hezbollah's recent statements have suggested a focus on political, not military action, with Qassem saying military decisions are up to Lebanon’s “defensive strategy.”However, Israel’s claim of downing a drone—unclaimed by Hezbollah—raises questions. If the group is proven responsible, it would disrupt its efforts to shift to a political approach, say Lebanese sources. The sources note that Hezbollah has refrained from military action since the ceasefire deadline, signaling a political shift despite Israel’s continued occupation of Lebanese land. Although there’s no confirmation of a split within the group, researcher Ali Amin pointed out confusion within Hezbollah. He told Asharq Al-Awsat that while Hezbollah tends to avoid divisions, recent reports suggest disagreements over the ceasefire deal. Some members fear it could limit Hezbollah’s military power, making it harder for supporters to accept the group’s shift toward a non-military, civilian role.

Israeli airstrikes kill 2 in Lebanon
NAJIA HOUSSARI/Arab News/January 31, 2025
BEIRUT: Two people were killed and 10 injured in an Israeli airstrike on Friday near the town of Janta on the Lebanese-Syrian border, the Lebanese Ministry of Health reported. The strike was one of four in the area, which severely damaged a road linking Tfail in Lebanon to Assal Al-Ward in Syria that has been used by Hezbollah as a smuggling route. Hezbollah paved the road during the Syrian war under the pretext of facilitating the movement of people. Lebanon later asphalted it and installed a security checkpoint. The airstrikes caused a crater 7 meters deep and 10 meters wide in the road and severed electricity supply lines.
As well as the attacks in Janta, Israeli warplanes carried out two airstrikes in the Wadi Khaled border area.These are the latest in a series of breaches of the ceasefire agreed between Israel and Hezbollah. Israeli warplanes earlier struck targets in Baalbek-Hermel province.
Hezbollah lawmaker Ibrahim Al-Moussawi condemned Friday’s attacks as “a systematic escalation and a war crime against civilians.”
The Israeli army said the strikes were based on intelligence reports and directed against Hezbollah targets in Bekaa that “pose a threat to Israel and its army.”
“The targets that were struck include a military site containing underground infrastructure used to develop and manufacture weaponry, as well as additional infrastructure sites on the Syrian-Lebanese border used to smuggle weaponry into Lebanon.”
Meanwhile, Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi reiterated his country’s “full support for Lebanon and its complete readiness to help the country overcome the repercussions of the recent Israeli war.”
Egypt was willing “to participate in the reconstruction process” and committed to “supporting Lebanese state institutions and the army to ensure its deployment across all Lebanese territories, including the southern regions,” he said.
El-Sisi’s comments were made in a message to Lebanese President Joseph Aoun delivered by Egypt’s Foreign Minister Badr Ahmed Abdelatty.
Abdelatty’s visit to Beirut coincided with that of Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister for Consular and Parliamentary Affairs Vahid Jalalzadeh and at a time when the formation of Lebanon’s new government is facing obstacles related to Hezbollah’s participation.
Abdelatty assured Aoun of “the readiness of Egyptian companies, in coordination with the French side and the international community, to contribute to the reconstruction process and share expertise with Lebanon, particularly in the electricity and gas sectors.”
He also highlighted “the utmost importance of fully implementing Resolution 1701 in all its clauses, wording and spirit without any compromise.”
“Egypt insists on Israel’s complete withdrawal from southern Lebanon without any infringement on Lebanese sovereignty. We welcome the army’s deployment in the south and Egypt is keen on providing full support to the military institution,” he said.
“Furthermore, all displaced individuals must return to their homes in the south and the Bekaa and we condemn the unjustified and illegal targeting of returning civilians.”
Abdelatty said that there were “ongoing communications with the new US administration, the Israeli side and France to stress the importance of fully adhering to the ceasefire agreement, ensuring complete Israeli withdrawal, halting violations and preventing civilian targeting. This is Egypt’s steadfast position.”
“These security-level communications are ongoing to convey this message and our stance will not change,” he said.
The minister also conveyed El-Sisi’s invitation for Aoun to visit Egypt “as soon as possible” and said his government was “looking forward to working on redeveloping and activating the frameworks of bilateral cooperation between Egypt and Lebanon, as well as convening the joint higher committee immediately after the formation of the government led by Prime Minister-designate Nawaf Salam.”
“We look forward to the speedy formation of the new government led by Salam, so Lebanon can fill the vacuum in its institutions,” he said.
“We support Salam’s efforts to form a Lebanese government that does not exclude anyone and reflects all sectarian and religious diversity in brotherly Lebanon. We look forward to the speedy completion of this matter, hoping that it will be a strong Lebanese government that represents everyone.”
Aoun said: “Lebanon holds on to Israel’s withdrawal from the areas it occupied during the last war within the deadline that was extended until Feb. 17” and “rejects the delayed withdrawal under any pretext.”
He also stressed “the necessity to release the Lebanese hostages that were captured by Israel during its war against Lebanon.”
Abdelatty told Salam he hoped for “the formation of the government in the near future.”“We trust that Lebanon will rise again and fully recover thanks to the presence of patriotic people like President Aoun and Prime Minister-designate Nawaf Salam,” he said.
He added that the formation of a government was “a Lebanese matter” and that “no foreign parties should interfere in this.”
After meeting Lebanon’s caretaker Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib, Jalalzadeh praised “the special brotherly relations between Lebanon and Iran.”
He said the purpose of his visit was to congratulate Aoun on his election victory and “to congratulate the dear people of Lebanon and the courageous resistance for their remarkable steadfastness during Israel’s unjust war against Lebanon, which led to a ceasefire agreement.”
Jalalzadeh said he and Bou Habib discussed the issue of “Syrians, mostly Shiites, who were forced to flee to Lebanon following the developments in their country.”
“We called for cooperation to provide them with the best essential care,” he said. “We hope that all international forums and organizations will provide them with the same essential and humane care as they did with former Syrian refugees.”
Israel has been threatening to hit Beirut’s Rafic Hariri International Airport, claiming that Iran sends cash shipments to Hezbollah through the airport.
In response to the threats, Jalalzadeh said: “Lebanon is a free and independent state that makes its own decisions and decides what relations to establish with different countries of the world and with Iran.
“I affirm that Iranian nationals residing in Lebanese territory are subject to all the laws and customs adopted in Lebanon and therefore we condemn and reject these Israeli threats.” Lebanese media reported on Friday that Lebanese officials had been pressured by the US to prevent the appointment of figures from Hezbollah or its allies to the new government.

Israel says Hezbollah drone breached ceasefire
Agence France Presse/January 31, 2025
The Israeli military said a Hezbollah surveillance drone that was launched toward Israeli airspace on Thursday and intercepted by Israel was a "breach of the ceasefire understandings between Israel and Lebanon". "The (army) continues to remain committed to the ceasefire understandings between Israel and Lebanon, and will not permit any terrorist activity of this kind," it said. Israel and Hezbollah reached a ceasefire in late November that ended some 14 months of fighting. Under the deal, both sides were to withdraw forces from southern Lebanon within 60 days.
The deadline passed this week with Israeli troops still in Lebanon and Israeli drones still in Lebanon's airspace. The U.S. said the sides had agreed to extend the ceasefire through Feb. 18 while Israel continues its withdrawal. Israel and Hezbollah have repeatedly accused each other of violating the deal. Israel later struck the Bekaa Valley in eastern Lebanon, killing two people and wounding ten others.

Israel threatens to hit Beirut airport if Iran 'keeps sending cash to Hezbollah'
Naharnet/January 31, 2025
Israel has complained to the U.S.-led ceasefire committee that "Iranian diplomats and others are delivering tens of millions of dollars in cash to Hezbollah to fund the group’s revival," The Wall Street Journal quoted sources as saying.
The American newspaper said Friday that it has learned from a U.S. defense official and other sources that Israel threatened to strike Beirut International Airport if Iran keeps using it to smuggle aid to Hezbollah. According to the daily's sources, Israel claimed that Iranian envoys have been flying from Tehran to Beirut’s airport with suitcases stuffed with U.S. dollars and that Turkish citizens have also been smuggling money from Istanbul to Beirut.The report said a Lebanese security official assured that Beirut's airport is under tight control to prevent smuggling cash to Hezbollah but that valuable items like gemstones and diamonds could pass undetected.

Egyptian FM Calls for Full Implementation of UN Resolution 1701
This is Beirut/January 31, 2025
Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Ahmed Abdelatty emphasized Egypt’s commitment to Lebanon’s stability, stressing the need for the full implementation of UN Resolution 1701 in “all its provisions.”Speaking after a meeting with President Joseph Aoun on Friday, Abdelatty expressed Egypt’s solidarity with the Lebanese people, noting that Aoun’s election was a “source of satisfaction” for both the Egyptian leadership and Lebanon. He voiced confidence in the new administration, stating, “Lebanon will soon recover.”
He further stressed the urgency of forming a government, noting, “The swift formation of a government is crucial to restoring full institutional functions and focusing on reconstruction.”The Foreign Minister also emphasized the importance of reactivating and developing bilateral agreements between Egypt and Lebanon once the new government is formed. Regarding regional stability, Abdelatty reaffirmed Egypt’s ongoing diplomatic efforts, stating, “Our role remains steadfast in preventing violations. We maintain regular communication with the new US administration, Israel and France at security levels to reinforce our firm stance.”
Later, Abdelatty also met with caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati and Prime Minister-designate, Nawaf Salam. After the meeting, the foreign minister reaffirmed Cairo’s confidence in Salam’s leadership, expressing hope for the swift formation of a government that meets the aspirations of the Lebanese people.
“We are confident in the wisdom of the Prime Minister-designate and hope that a government that fulfills the hopes of the Lebanese will be agreed upon ,” he stated.

Govt. formation negotiations: Latest developments
Naharnet/January 31, 2025
A new visit to Beirut by Saudi envoy Yazid bin Farhan is an indication that Saudi Arabia may be trying to facilitate the mission of PM-designate Nawaf Salam, informed sources said.“There are still obstacles that need solutions, including what relates to Christian and Sunni representation,” the sources told al-Joumhouria newspaper in remarks published Friday.“There is perhaps a need for an imminent meeting between Speaker Nabih Berri and Salam to reach agreements over some issues that are still pending, including the finance portfolio,” the sources added.
Berri has been quoted as saying that the Shiite Duo is facilitating Salam’s mission and that Hezbollah and the Amal Movement are not the problem. Al-Joumhouria added that in their latest meeting, Salam and the Shiite Duo maintained their “agreement” that Hezbollah and Amal would be given the five Shiite portfolios in the new cabinet, including the finance portfolio. “President Joseph Aoun and Salam do not have a veto on Yassine Jaber. As for the other names, Berri has stressed that he is open to discussing the candidates proposed for the portfolios other than the finance one,” the daily said. A source informed on the negotiations meanwhile told the newspaper that the cabinet formation process is in its final stages and that the new government “may be formed before the weekend.”The source added that the Free Patriotic Movement might not join the government. The possibility of giving the finance portfolio to the Shiite Duo is meanwhile “facing strong opposition from the majority that named Salam,” al-Joumhouria said, adding that “the matter still needs further negotiations and an imminent intervention by the five-nation group for Lebanon.”
Below is a draft cabinet line-up published by al-Joumhouria:
- Deputy PM: Ex-minister Tarek Mitri
- Lebanese Forces: Telecom and energy
- Progressive Socialist Party: Public works
- Moderation bloc: Education and agriculture
- President Aoun: Defense, justice and foreign affairs
- Tashnag Party: Youth and Sports
- Shiite Duo: Finance, labor, industry, environment and health

Hochstein's successor visits Lebanon, seeks inspection of 30 'Hezbollah sites'
Naharnet/January 31, 2025
Deputy U.S. Special Envoy for Middle East Morgan Ortagus -- who succeeded U.S. envoy Amos Hochstein -- began her first visit to Lebanon on Thursday by meeting at the U.S. Embassy with U.S. Major General Jasper Jeffers, the head of the ceasefire monitoring committee. The pro-Hezbollah al-Akhbar newspaper said Ortagus agreed with Jeffers on “launching an intensive work program with the Lebanese Army to search around 30 sites suspected of being resistance (Hezbollah) facilities north of the Litani River, especially in al-Zahrani and the Bekaa.”The committee had informed the Lebanese Army command that it has information about “buildings, depots, valleys and forests in which Hezbollah is hiding ammunition and weapons, based on claims submitted by the Israeli enemy,” al-Akhbar said. The Americans meanwhile “want officer appointments in the army and security forces that suit their interpretation of the ceasefire agreement and who would have no ties to Hezbollah,” the daily added. “Ortagus will try to press Lebanon’s leaders to approve the appointment of army and security forces officers who enjoy U.S.-French consent, in order to halt the residents’ uprising that led to the liberation of parts of their towns and the facilitation of the army’s deployment,” the newspaper’s sources said.

Hezbollah MP urges state to 'act immediately' after Bekaa strikes
Associated Press/January 31, 2025
Hezbollah legislator Ibrahim Moussawi called Friday Israeli strikes on east Lebanon "a very dangerous violation and a blatant and explicit aggression."Two people were killed and 10 others were wounded in an overnight strike on an unofficial border crossing in eastern Lebanon, as Israel launched four strikes on the Janta border crossing in the eastern province of Baalbek, while two other strikes targeted two illegal Syria-Lebanon border crossings in northern Lebanon late Thursday and early Friday. Moussawi said "the Lebanese state, represented by the presidency, the government and the army, is required to take immediate action."The Israeli military said it struck "a military site that included underground infrastructure for developing and producing combat equipment, in addition to infrastructure for crossing the Syrian-Lebanese border,” used by Hezbollah in the Bekaa Valley. The statement also accused Hezbollah of launching a reconnaissance drone toward Israel Thursday, saying it’s a violation of the ceasefire agreement that halted the Israel-Hezbollah war in late November.

In Beirut, Egypt FM says Cairo ready for reconstruction role, urges Israeli withdrawal

Naharnet/January 31, 2025
Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty announced Friday after meeting President Joseph Aoun in Baabda that Cairo was “extremely relieved after the finalization of the presidential election in Lebanon.”“We are full of hope regarding the wise leadership of President Aoun,” Abdelatty added. “We are confident that Lebanon will recover and rise … and during my meeting with President Aoun I relayed to him a message from President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, which stresses full Egyptian support for Lebanon during these difficult times in the region,” the minister said. “We discussed the Egyptian role in the reconstruction in Lebanon and Egyptian companies will be at Lebanon’s disposal to execute all recovery projects,” Abdelatty added. Stressing “the importance of implementing Resolution 1701,” the minister said Egypt is “keen on full Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon” and added that Egypt is willing to “offer aid to the army.”“Egypt underscores the need for committing to the ceasefire agreement and we have constant contacts with Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib and France and the U.S. in this regard,” Abdelatty said.

Iranian Deputy FM: Lebanon Is Entering a 'New Era'
This is Beirut/January 31, 2025Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister for Consular and Parliamentary Affairs Vahid Jalalzadeh stated that the election of a new Lebanese president, followed by a potential formation of a government marks the beginning of a “new era” for Lebanon.
Following a meeting with his Lebanese counterpart Abdallah Bou Habib on Friday, Jalalzadeh expressed hope that these political developments “would spur reconstruction, prosperity and progress.” He also emphasized the need for Lebanon to overcome its ongoing economic and political challenges “that have undermined its stability.”Furthermore, he congratulated “the Lebanese people and the resistance” for what he described as their “legendary determination throughout the war,” a claim of victory that both Hezbollah and Iran have continued to assert since the November ceasefire agreement.Addressing the issue of displaced Syrians, the Iranian diplomat reiterated Tehran’s support for Lebanon, stating that Iran is “fully prepared to contribute to resolving this issue.”He urged international organizations to take concrete steps to assist both the Lebanese authorities and displaced Syrians, particularly those who arrived to Lebanon following the fall of the Assad regime.

Al-Qard al-Hassan Delays Compensation Payments: Is Hezbollah in Trouble?

This is Beirut/January 31, 2025
The recent decision by Al-Qard al-Hassan, Hezbollah’s illegal financial institution, to postpone until February 10 the payment of compensation to victims of the conflict with Israel has sent shockwaves through the Shiite community. The payments were originally scheduled for February 1.
To justify this delay, the militia-run ‘bank’ cited “internal technical and administrative issues” while assuring that its other financial services, such as loans, deposits and withdrawals, will be operating normally. According to an article written by Nawal Berri for Nidaa al-Watan on Friday, this announcement has raised questions about the extent of Hezbollah’s financial difficulties. According to multiple sources cited by the journalist, Al-Qard al-Hassan employees were caught off guard, as were the beneficiaries of these compensations, with no valid explanation provided for the postponement. The report recalls that, following the war between Israel and Hezbollah, the latter had pledged to provide direct aid to families affected by the fighting. Each family was supposed to receive an annual sum of $14,000, distributed as follows: a one-time payment of $8,000 for furniture replacement and a rental allowance of $6,000 per year for those living in Beirut and its surroundings, or $4,000 for those residing in southern Lebanon, the Beqaa and other regions.According to retired Colonel Adel Machmouchi, cited by Nidaa al-Watan, these financial aids were intended to appease popular discontent over the widespread devastation. He said that Iranian officials who recently visited Lebanon provided emergency assistance to support Hezbollah and its grassroots base. However, due to a lack of sufficient financial resources to undertake large-scale reconstruction projects — which require significant funding — Hezbollah has opted to contain the situation and quell potential unrest by carrying out minor repairs where possible. Machmouchi noted that the available funds had been used in the hope of receiving additional aid. However, supply lines, particularly aerial routes, have come under increased scrutiny, especially after the closure of the land border with Syria, making it difficult to transport financial aid. Moreover, Iran, which is grappling with a severe internal economic crisis, could be less able to support Hezbollah financially. This would explain the current crisis and Al-Qard al-Hassan’s announcement on Wednesday regarding the postponement of monthly payments, according to Machmouchi.Banking risk expert Mohammad Fahili, also interviewed by Nidaa al-Watan, criticized the actions of the militia-run bank, calling on Lebanese authorities to intervene. He pointed out that the institution is not legally authorized to provide financial services such as loans or compensation payments. He also highlighted significant violations by Al-Qard al-Hassan, particularly its operation of ATMs without official authorization, which contradicts the regulations of Lebanon’s Central Bank.Israel Accuses Iran of Funding Hezbollah via Turkey
In a related development, the Wall Street Journal reported that Israel has filed a complaint with the supervisory committee responsible for ensuring the strict enforcement of the ceasefire, alleging the transfer of tens of millions of dollars in cash to Hezbollah via Iranian diplomats. The American newspaper cited a US defense official and other well-informed source. According to the WSJ, Israel informed the committee that Turkish officials facilitated the air transport of Iranian funds intended for Hezbollah — allegations that Turkey has strongly denied. Ankara asserted that it had not been officially questioned on the matter and denied any involvement in the transfer of funds to Hezbollah. Faced with a severe liquidity crisis, with promised aid still on hold, Hezbollah and its institutions find themselves in a precarious situation. This raises questions about the future of Al-Qard al-Hassan and how Hezbollah will continue to maintain its influence without sufficient resources to meet the immediate needs of its support base.

Geagea says parties must be in govt., finance can't be given to Shiite Duo

Naharnet/January 31, 2025
Lebanese Forces leader Samir Geagea on Friday stressed that there are "good" political parties and bad political parties."You cannot treat them equally and political action cannot be right without parties, but no portfolio can become the exclusive right of a party," Geagea said, commenting on the controversy on whether or not PM-designate Nawaf Salam should represent political parties in the new government. "We will not accept the approach of excluding parties from the government," Geagea added, explaining that "in all societies around the world, political action is based on parties.""The unity of standards cannot be imposed, and those who dragged Lebanon into war should not be treated like the others," the LF leader said.As for the Shiite Duo's participation in the government, Geagea said he is not opposed to giving the finance portfolio to the Shiite community, but not to "someone from the Amal Movement or Hezbollah."He added that the Lebanese people deserve "a competent and active government that meets its aspirations."

Man held, car torched after he runs over Hezbollah supporters during funeral
Naharnet/January 31, 2025
The army on Friday reportedly arrested a man who rammed his vehicle into motorbikes carrying Hezbollah supporters during a funeral procession on the Sarafand road. Al-Akhbar newspaper said the army arrested the “Palestinian national” after he wounded four people. Unconfirmed media reports identified the man as Palestinian national Mohammad al-Aqleh, as the Palestinian Fatah Movement issued a statement saying the man is Lebanese and not Palestinian. Other media reports said the man is a supporter of imprisoned anti-Hezbollah cleric Sheikh Ahmad al-Assir.A video circulating online shows the car, a Renault Rapid with no license plate, going against traffic to collide head-on with a motorbike carrying two Hezbollah supporters.

The Demonization of Political Parties and Its Effects
Johnny Kortbawi/This is Beirut/January 31, 2025
There is a widespread misconception in Lebanon regarding political party life. Talking about political parties in politics is akin to referring to cancer as “that disease.” This perception stems from the association of political parties with war. Many parents, who believed that their children should pursue their education, viewed political parties as entities that lured their offspring into combat. As a result, many opted to send their children abroad for studies rather than allowing them to join political parties at the time. However, after the war, and with the relative stabilization of political life, political parties also regained their structure. They abandoned their weapons, and partisan activities became an integral part of the political process. Nevertheless, the demonization of political parties persisted, as they were seen as the successors of warlords. This stereotype did not fade, even as Lebanon entered a phase where parties participated in governance and elections, gradually replacing traditional family-based and feudal power structures. In any normal political system worldwide, political parties are fundamental. They offer ideas and proposals, attracting members who align with their vision. The more successful a party is in elections, the greater its influence in public affairs through official positions and institutions. In Lebanon as well, certain parties have spent their post-war existence presenting political ideas, proposing projects and striving to gain the broadest possible representation in Parliament. This is the natural course of politics everywhere. However, since the October 17 uprising, there has been a growing notion that political parties are illegitimate, that they have no right to hold power or to participate in the government. Such claims are riddled with contradictions, injustice and even embarrassment when addressing the role of political parties. If political parties have made mistakes in governance, they should be held accountable in court and their political judgment should take place through elections. But to insist that governments should be formed entirely outside of political parties and the existing political framework—simply to appease certain factions or to deal with the ruling authority in a retaliatory manner—is nothing short of exclusion in its fullest sense. The demonization of political parties cannot continue indefinitely. They are an intrinsic part of Lebanon’s social fabric, even if opposition exists against each one of them. Engaging in vengeful tactics against them is merely another form of dominance, similar to the power grabs committed by some factions in the past.

Shiites Must Break Free from Hezbollah and Berri’s Stranglehold
Colonel Charbel Barakat/January 31/2025
(Free Translation from Arabic by: Elias Bejjani)

https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2025/01/139706/
Introduction
Lebanon stands at a critical crossroads, yet the so-called Shiite duo—Hezbollah and Nabih Berri’s Amal Movement—remains oblivious to reality, behaving as if they have not just lost a devastating war with Israel, dragged Lebanon into ruin, and inflicted disasters upon the very Shiite community they claim to represent. Instead of acknowledging defeat, learning from their catastrophic mistakes, and seeking a path toward national recovery, they persist in obstructing the formation of a new government, imposing conditions that serve their Iranian masters rather than the Lebanese people. The time has come for Lebanon’s Shiites to break free from this oppressive grip and reclaim their place within a sovereign, independent, and prosperous Lebanon.
Shiites and the Necessity of Change
Some argue that Hezbollah and Amal’s demands cannot be ignored to avoid alienating Shiites. While this may seem reasonable on the surface, it is essential to ask whether this duo ever considered anyone else’s opinions when they seized control of Lebanon using Iranian weapons and the false pretense of a “resistance” mandate. For decades, they have ruled with an iron fist, dismantling Lebanon’s political, economic, and administrative structures without foresight, accountability, or regard for the very Shiites they pretend to defend.
The Lebanese Shiites are an integral part of the nation, just like the Druze, Christians, and Sunnis, contributing to the country’s rich mosaic and standing resilient against hardships. However, Hezbollah and Amal’s leadership has led them into isolation, destruction, and servitude to a foreign power. History has proven time and again that Shiites, like all Lebanese, have thrived through cooperation, openness, and national unity—not through sectarian domination and blind allegiance to a theocratic dictatorship in Tehran.
Instead of drawing lessons from the Druze, who balanced alliances with other groups, or the Maronites, who championed a Lebanon for all, Hezbollah and Amal have imposed an extremist, isolationist doctrine. This self-inflicted marginalization is further compounded by their exploitation of the Palestinian cause—not to serve Palestinian interests, but to justify interventions across the Arab world and destabilize sovereign nations, as seen in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen.
The greatest threat Hezbollah poses to the Shiite community is not just military or political but cultural. By imposing Iranian-style indoctrination, extremist ideology, and a culture of blind militancy, Hezbollah has erased the traditional openness of Lebanese Shiites. Where once they were known for their entrepreneurial spirit, pragmatism, and adaptability, they are now forced into a suffocating identity defined by paranoia, aggression, and servitude to Iran’s regional ambitions.
This delusion of power led Hezbollah into a reckless war with Israel, which resulted in the obliteration of its military arsenal, the deaths of its fighters and leaders, and the widespread destruction of Lebanese towns and villages. Yet, instead of recognizing this reality, they continue to act as though they emerged victorious, using propaganda and intimidation to silence dissent within their own ranks and across Lebanon.
Even more troubling is that elements within the Lebanese state and media continue to enable Hezbollah’s deception, either out of fear or personal interest. The government remains paralyzed, unable to hold Hezbollah and Amal accountable for their crimes against the nation, while the army and security agencies hesitate to dismantle their paramilitary structure. Instead, they foolishly pressure Israel to withdraw as if Hezbollah had won the war, giving the illusion of victory to a terrorist organization that has brought only death and destruction.
If Lebanon is to escape this cycle of violence and collapse, decisive action is required. The immediate dissolution of Hezbollah and the arrest of all its members—starting with its political representatives—is essential. The same applies to the Amal Movement, which must be stripped of all government positions. Speaker Nabih Berri, who has held Lebanon’s parliament hostage for over 30 years, must be investigated and removed, along with his network of corrupt officials who have looted state institutions under his watch.
Moreover, Lebanon must call for swift parliamentary elections in districts where seats have been rendered illegitimate by Hezbollah’s stranglehold, allowing for true representation of Shiites who reject Iran’s hegemony. Anything less would mean a continuation of the failed policies that have turned Lebanon into a regional wasteland, reeking of corruption, lawlessness, and decay.
Lebanon is now at a breaking point. Either it is cleansed of Hezbollah and Amal’s rot, restoring governance, accountability, and national sovereignty, or it continues to burn under the weight of its own decay. The choice is clear—will the Lebanese, especially the Shiites, seize this moment for liberation, or remain shackled by the chains of Iranian tyranny?
Colonel Charbel Barakat
***Colonel Charbel Barakat, a retired Lebanese Army officer, historian, terrorism expert, and author of numerous works on Lebanon, the Iranian regime’s schemes, and jihadist movements, has testified multiple times before the U.S. Congress on critical issues, including Iranian and Syrian terrorism, the Syrian occupation of Lebanon, jihadist threats, and the pursuit of Middle East peace.

 

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on January 31/February 01/2025
British-Israeli hostage says Hamas held her at UN facilities
Robert Greenall - BBC News/January 31, 2025
A British-Israeli woman who was held hostage by Hamas in Gaza for 15 months says she was detained for some time at United Nations facilities.
During a phone call with UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, Emily Damari - who was released earlier this month - said she was held at sites belonging to the UN's agency for Palestinian refugees (Unrwa). She also said she was denied medical treatment during her captivity, despite being shot in the hand and leg.
In a statement, Unrwa said claims that hostages had been held on UN premises were "very serious" and that it had repeatedly called for independent investigations into claims Palestinian armed groups, including Hamas, were misusing the facilities. Israel has repeatedly accused personnel from Unrwa of being involved in the 7 October attacks and said that its buildings in Gaza were used by Hamas. The Israeli government plans to ban the organisation from operating. During the call with Downing Street, Ms Damari said that while being held at an Unrwa facility, her captors only provided her with an out-of-date bottle of iodine to treat gunshot wounds in her leg and her left hand, on which she lost two fingers. Speaking to BBC Radio 4's PM programme, Unrwa's director of communications Juliette Touma was asked about Ms Damari's claims. She said: "For many, many months we did not have access to several of our facilities.
"So the vast majority of our buildings were turned into shelters when the war started. "At some point we had a million people in those shelters." Mandy and Emily Damari sitting in a room and speaking on a phone. Emily Damari and her mother (left) spoke to the UK prime minister over the phone on Friday [BBC/Handout] A Downing Street spokesperson said they "welcome the fact that Unrwa have said there should be an investigation into the use of their facilities". Ms Damari, now 28, also used the call with Sir Keir to thank people in the UK who campaigned for her release. A ceasefire deal between Israel and Hamas will see the gradual release of hostages being held in Gaza, in exchange for Palestinians detained in Israeli prisons. Three more hostages are set to be released on Saturday, while 183 Palestinian prisoners are expected to be freed. Some 251 hostages were taken by Hamas when it attacked Israel on 7 October 2023, killing about 1,200 people. The attack triggered a war which has devastated Gaza. Israel's 15-month military offensive killed 47,460 Palestinians in the territory, according to Gaza's Hamas-run health ministry.

EU restarts Rafah border crossing mission, says foreign policy chief Kallas
Reuters/January 31, 2025
BRUSSELS: The European Union has restarted its civilian mission to monitor the border crossing between Gaza and Egypt at Rafah, a key entry and exit point for the Palestinian territory, the bloc’s foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said on Friday. Kallas announced on Monday that there was broad agreement among member states’ foreign ministers that the EU Border Assistance Mission (EUBAM) could play a “decisive role” in supporting the ceasefire agreement between Israel and the Hamas group that administers Gaza. “The EU’s civilian border mission deploys today to the Rafah Crossing at the request of the Palestinians and the Israelis. It will support Palestinian border personnel and allow the transfer of individuals out of Gaza, including those who need medical care,” she posted on X. Palestinian and Hamas officials said the crossing would now be run by members of the Palestinian Authority and European monitors. It will be opened for 50 injured militants and 50 wounded civilians, along with individuals escorting them, according to the officials, who said a further 100 people, most likely students, would be allowed through on humanitarian grounds. A civilian EU mission to help monitor the crossing began work in 2005 but was suspended in June 2007 as a result of Hamas’ takeover of the Gaza Strip. In its standby mode, the mission had 10 international and eight local staff. Italy has said it will send seven paramilitary Carabinieri officers to join the Rafah mission in addition to two Italians already there, while Germany’s interior and foreign ministries are discussing sending a German contingent.

UNRWA’s work continues despite ban
Reuters/February 01, 2025
GENEVA: The UN Palestinian relief agency said its humanitarian work across the occupied territories and Gaza was still ongoing on Friday despite an Israeli ban that took effect a day before and what it described as hostility toward its staff. An Israeli law adopted in October bans operations by UNRWA, or UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees, on Israeli land — including annexed East Jerusalem — and contact with Israeli authorities from Jan. 30. Britain, France, and Germany on Friday reiterated their concern over Israel implementing the new law, which humanitarian agencies say will have a considerable impact on devastated Gaza as staff and supplies transit to the Palestinian enclave via Israel. “We continue to provide services,” Juliette Touma, director of communications of UNRWA, told a press briefing in Geneva. “In Gaza, UNRWA continues to be the backbone of the international humanitarian response. We continue to have international personnel in Gaza and bring in trucks of basic supplies.”She said any disruptions to its work in Gaza would put a ceasefire deal that halted the war between Israel and Hamas at risk. “If UNRWA is not allowed to continue to bring and distribute supplies, then the fate of this very fragile ceasefire is going to be at risk and is going to be in jeopardy,” she said. Tens of thousands of Palestinian refugees in occupied East Jerusalem — whose annexation by Israel is not recognized internationally — also receive education, healthcare, and other services from UNRWA. Touma said that its Palestinian staff in the West Bank and East Jerusalem are facing difficulties, citing examples of stone-throwing and hold-ups at checkpoints without attributing blame. “They face an exceptionally hostile environment as a fierce disinformation campaign against UNRWA continues,” she said. “It has been a really rough ride; it has not been easy. Our staff have not been protected.”International staff have already left after their visas expired, she added. Israel has long been critical of UNRWA and alleges its staff were involved in the deadly Oct. 7, 2023, attacks on Israel, which triggered the Gaza war.
The UN has said nine UNRWA staff may have been involved and were fired. The ceasefire deal has allowed for a surge in humanitarian aid and enabled the release of Israeli hostages in Gaza and Palestinian prisoners from Israeli jails.Before the agreement, experts warned of imminent famine in northern Gaza.
Supplies have since risen and the World Food Programme said that more than 32,000 tonnes of food had entered Gaza since the Jan. 19 deal took effect. At the same briefing, the World Health Organization’s Dr. Rik Peeperkorn said about 12,000-14,000 patients were waiting to be evacuated from Gaza across the Rafah crossing. Fifty are set to be moved on Saturday amid warnings that some children could die. He added that these would be the first medical evacuations via Rafah since it was shut in May last year. “They (evacuations) must urgently resume, and a medical corridor must open up,” he said.
Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Saar said Israel was committed to facilitating humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip, saying assistance should go through other international agencies and NGOs. “Humanitarian aid doesn’t equal UNRWA, and those who wish to support the humanitarian aid effort in the Gaza Strip should invest their resources in organizations that are alternative to UNRWA,” he said in a statement. “We will abide by the law, and we will continue to facilitate humanitarian aid.”

Hamas to free three Israeli hostages in next ceasefire swap
AFP/January 31, 2025
JERUSALEM: Hamas and Israel will carry out their fourth hostage-prisoner swap of the Gaza ceasefire on Saturday, with the militant group to free three Israeli captives in exchange for 90 inmates in Israeli jails. Militants in Gaza began releasing hostages after the first 42-day phase of the ceasefire with Israel took effect on January 19. The hostages have been in captivity for nearly 15 months. Hamas and Islamic Jihad militants have so far handed over 15 hostages to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in exchange for hundreds of Palestinian prisoners. Israeli campaign group, the Hostage and Missing Families Forum, named the captives to be released on Saturday as Yarden Bibas, Keith Seigel, who also has US citizenship, and Ofer Kalderon, who also holds French nationality. The office of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed it had received the names of the three captives to be released.
In exchange, Israel will free 90 prisoners, nine of whom are serving life sentences, the Palestinian Prisoners’ Club advocacy group said. During their October 7, 2023 attack on Israel which started the Gaza war, militants abducted Siegel from kibbutz Kfar Aza, and Kalderon and Bibas from kibbutz Nir Oz.
Militants took a total of 251 people hostage that day. Of those, 79 still remain in Gaza, including at least 34 the military says are dead. Those seized include the wife and two children of Bibas, whom Hamas has already declared dead, although Israeli officials have yet to confirm that.
The two Bibas boys — Kfir, the youngest hostage, who turned two in captivity earlier this month, and his four-year-old brother Ariel — have become symbols of the suffering of the hostages held in Gaza. The children were taken along with their mother, Shiri. Hamas says the boys and their mother were killed in an Israeli air strike in November 2023. The arrangements for hostage handovers in Gaza have sometimes been chaotic, particularly for the most recent handover in the southern city of Khan Yunis, which produced scenes that the Israeli prime minister condemned as “shocking.”Woman hostage Arbel Yehud was visibly distressed as masked gunman struggled to clear a path for her through crowds of spectators desperate to witness her handover, television images showed. Israel briefly delayed Thursday’s prisoner release in protest and the ICRC urged all parties to improve security. “The security of these operations must be assured, and we urge for improvements in the future,” ICRC president Mirjana Spoljaric said. Later on Thursday, Israeli authorities released 110 inmates from Ofer prison, including high-profile former militant commander Zakaria Zubeidi, 49, who was given a hero’s welcome in the West Bank city of Ramallah.
Also freed was Hussein Nasser, who received little attention from the crowd but was at the center of his daughters’ world. “Where’s Dad?” Raghda Nasser asked tearfully as she moved through the crowd, an AFP correspondent reported. Raghda, 21, hugged her father in the flesh for the first time Thursday night. Her mother was pregnant with her when he was jailed 22 years ago. “I just visited him behind the glass in Israeli prisons. I cannot express my feelings,” Raghda said. The fragile ceasefire hinges on the release of a total of 33 hostages in exchange for around 1,900 people — mostly Palestinians — in Israeli jails.
The truce deal has allowed a surge of aid into Gaza, where the war has created a long-running humanitarian crisis. Negotiations for a second phase of the deal are set to start on Monday, according to a timeline provided by an Israeli official. This phase would cover the release of the remaining captives. During the current phase, more than 462,000 war-displaced Palestinians have returned to the north of Gaza since Israel restored access on Monday, according to UN figures. Many have gone back to homes that have been completely destroyed.

Smotrich: Netanyahu, Trump Committed to Removing Hamas from Gaza
Asharq Al Awsat/January 31, 2025
Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich has said that he decided to remain in the government after becoming convinced that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and the new Trump administration were committed to removing Hamas as a governing power from Gaza, including by force if necessary. Smotrich, who leads an ultranationalist religious party, had voted against the ceasefire deal with Hamas but has remained in the governing coalition for the time being. His departure would rob Netanyahu of his parliamentary majority, setting the stage for the government’s collapse and early elections. In an interview with The Jerusalem Post, Smotrich argued that the deal would have gone through whether or not he left the government, and said that while he believed that the deal was a mistake, the majority of his coalition was in favor, and he could not “impose his minority opinion” on the rest. Smotrich has said that if Phase two of the deal includes an end to the war without achieving its goals, he would not just leave the government; he would topple it. The most dangerous part of the deal is the idea that taking Israelis hostage paid off and was enough to “bring Israel to its knees,” Smotrich said in the interview published Friday. This could result in attempts to kidnap Israelis or Jews abroad, which could be done fairly easily, and could force Israel to pay a heavy price. Israel needs to ensure that the end result will be an end to Hamas – and as such, a deterrent against future hostage-taking. Smotrich also criticized the length of the war, which he said, should have been far quicker. Part of what prolonged it was the Biden administration’s “arms embargo” and its delay of shipment of D9 military bulldozers, which are crucial for Israel’s urban warfare tactics, said Smotrich.

Palestinian terrorist groups react to Israel’s latest West Bank operation
Joe Truzman/ FDD's Long War Journal/January 31/2025
The Security Cabinet of Israel directed the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), the Shin Bet intelligence agency, and the Israel Border Police to conduct an operation aimed at “bolstering security” in the West Bank, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced on January 21. More than a week since the start of the operation, Israeli troops have killed 18 terrorists, arrested over 60 wanted suspects, and dismantled over 100 explosives, the IDF stated.
As the IDF dismantles terrorist infrastructure in the northern West Bank, Palestinian terrorist groups and their affiliated branches—numbering dozens across the territory—have published statements and videos claiming they are deploying small arms and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) to fight against Israeli security forces.Telegram pages operated by Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), Hamas, and other armed groups in the West Bank routinely update followers on their activity. Most of the publications are statements claiming responsibility for a shooting or an IED attack on Israeli forces. Other updates include “martyrdom” notices acknowledging a fighter’s death in combat. A Telegram channel operated by the Al Aqsa Martyrs’ Brigades in Tulkarm has been updated almost daily since the start of the IDF’s operation. In one of the group’s latest entries, it published evidence of fighters engaging IDF vehicles with small arms and IEDs. In addition, on January 19, Hamas spokesperson Abu Obeida articulated his group’s position by urging West Bank residents to escalate the conflict against Israel. Statements by these armed groups share a common theme: Israel is attempting to annex the West Bank. This narrative may be fueled by reports from last year and five years ago of Israeli plans to annex Israeli settlements in the territory. However, the conflict between Israel and Palestinian terrorist groups, especially in the West Bank, is more complex and predates recent reporting on a potential annexation. The latest Israeli effort is the third large-scale military operation in the northern West Bank since 2023. Previous operations have eliminated terrorist group commanders, foot soldiers, and infrastructure, causing some setbacks for these organizations. For example, since November 2023, Hamas’s Tulkarm branch has lost three commanders to IDF airstrikes. However, terrorist groups have continued to operate, expand, and carry out attacks in the West Bank despite Israeli efforts. Throughout Israel’s latest extensive operation, West Bank terrorist groups have persistently engaged Israeli forces with small-arms fire and IED attacks. Statements and videos published online buttress their claims of “armed resistance.” However, the character and level of opposition may change, as the IDF has signaled plans to significantly ramp up its push to remove terrorist elements in the West Bank.
*Joe Truzman is an editor and senior research analyst at FDD’s Long War Journal focused primarily on Palestinian armed groups and non-state actors in the Middle East.

Iran FM: Attacking Our Nuclear Sites Would Be ‘One of Biggest Mistakes US Could Make’
Asharq Al-Awsat/January 31/2025
Iran will respond immediately and decisively if its nuclear sites are attacked which would lead to an "all-out war in the region," Tehran's foreign minister told Al Jazeera TV in an interview aired on Friday. Israel and the US launching a military attack on Iranian nuclear facilities would be "one of the biggest historical mistakes the US could make," Abbas Araqchi said through a translator. Concerns have grown among Iran's top decision-makers that US President Donald Trump might in his second term empower Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to strike Iran's nuclear sites while further tightening US sanctions on its oil industry. Those concerns, coupled with mounting anger within Iran over economic conditions, could drive Tehran toward engaging in negotiations with the Trump administration over the fate of its fast-advancing nuclear program. Araqchi suggested that the United States could free blocked Iranian funds as a first confidence-building step between the two hostile countries. "Iranian assets and funds have been frozen at various points by the US(which) has not fulfilled its previous pledges (to free them). These things can be done by the US administration in order to bring confidence between us," Araqchi said. In 2018, then-President Trump reneged on the 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and a group of world powers and re-imposed harsh US sanctions as part of his "maximum pressure" policy against the country. In response, Tehran breached the deal in several ways including by accelerating its uranium enrichment. Trump has vowed to return to the policy he pursued in his previous term that sought to use economic pressure to force the country to negotiate a deal on its nuclear program, ballistic missile program and regional activities.

Syria Arrests Assad-Era Officer Seen as Responsible for Triggering 2011 Uprising
Asharq Al Awsat/January 31, 2025
Syrian authorities have arrested a former senior security officer and cousin of ousted leader Bashar al-Assad seen by some as responsible for sparking the country's 2011 uprising due to a crackdown on protests in the southern city of Daraa, state media said. Atef Najib, a brigadier general and former head of the Political Security Department in Daraa, was arrested by General Security forces in the country's western Latakia province, state media SANA said. Syria's new ruling authority has carried out security crackdowns in several regions that it says aim to detain remnants of the former government, arresting dozens of people, mostly low-level officers or combatants. Najib is the most senior member of Assad's former political or security structures whose arrest has been announced since the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham group seized power from the former president in a lightning offensive last year.
HTS leader Ahmed al-Sharaa has since been appointed president for the transitional phase and has pledged to arrest members of the former government accused of crimes. "This step comes within the framework of the authorities' efforts to hold accountable those involved in violations against the Syrian people and enhance security and stability in the region," SANA quoted the head of General Security in Latakia, Mustafa Knaifati, as saying.

Syria writers urge new leaders to respect public freedoms
AFP/January 31, 2025
DAMASCUS: Dozens of Syrian writers, artists, and academics signed a petition posted online on Friday calling for the respect of public freedoms after the overthrow of Bashar Assad in December. The publication of the petition came two days after the leader of the militant offensive that toppled Assad, Ahmad Al-Sharaa, was named interim president. “We call for the restoration of fundamental public freedoms, foremost among them the freedoms of assembly, protest, expression and belief,” the petition said. “The state must neither impose nor interfere in people’s customs regarding food, drink, clothing, or other aspects of daily life,” it added, alluding to fears that the new authorities might impose religious law. Al-Sharaa promised on Thursday to hold a “national dialogue conference” to help shape a “constitutional declaration” that will serve as a “legal reference” during the country’s transition.
BACKGROUND
Ahmad Al-Sharaa promised on Thursday to hold a ‘ national dialogue conference’ to help shape a ‘constitutional declaration’ that will serve as a ‘legal reference’ during the country’s transition. The signatories called for “the election of a constituent assembly under a fair electoral law and adopting a new constitution that guarantees freedom and dignity for all citizens, men and women alike.”Among the signatories were award-winning filmmaker Waad Al-Kateab and Mustafa Khalifa, author of “The Shell,” an autobiographical account of an activist imprisoned for years. Since Assad’s overthrow, deadly fighting has continued in northern Syria between militants and forces loyal to a Kurdish-led administration in the northeast. The petition called for a “just resolution to the Kurdish question” that “must uphold the legitimate cultural, linguistic, and political rights of our Kurdish citizens within a mutually agreed framework of administrative decentralization.”Syria’s new rulers have called on the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces to hand over their weapons, rejecting demands for any self-rule. During more than half a century of rule by the Assad family, public displays of dissent were savagely repressed. After Bashar Assad succeeded his father, Hafez, in June 2000, there was a period of greater openness, but it was short-lived. Al-Sharaa, in his speech on Thursday, said he would form a small legislative body to fill the parliamentary void until new elections were held after the Syrian parliament was dissolved on Wednesday. He said he would also, in the coming days, announce the formation of a committee that would prepare to hold a national dialogue conference that would be a platform for Syrians to discuss the future political program of the nation. That would be followed by a “constitutional declaration,” he said, in an apparent reference to drafting a new Syrian constitution. Al-Sharaa has previously said that drafting a new constitution and holding elections may take up to four years.

Legal battle intensifies over Gaza as ICJ rulings face defiance
Arab News/January 31, 2025
LONDON: The international legal battle over Gaza has deepened as South Africa and Malaysia announced a campaign to uphold rulings from the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court, responding to what they described as widespread defiance of international legal orders.
The two nations are spearheading the newly formed Hague Group, a coalition of nine countries — also including Belize, Honduras, Colombia, Bolivia, Chile, Senegal and Namibia — committed to defending the global legal framework, The Guardian newspaper reported on Friday. Their initiative follows mounting frustration in the Global South over perceived Western double standards in the application of international law, particularly in the cases of Gaza, Ukraine and Mediterranean human smuggling. South Africa’s Minister of International Relations Ronald Lamola, said: “The Hague Group’s formation sends a clear message: No nation is above the law and no crime will go unanswered.”South Africa has taken a leading role in pursuing legal accountability for the war in Gaza, having filed a case at the ICJ accusing Israel of genocide. Israel has fiercely rejected the claim but interim rulings from the ICJ in January last year mandated it to take immediate measures to prevent genocidal acts and allow humanitarian aid into the besieged enclave. However, a recent Oxfam survey of nongovernmental agencies operating in Gaza found that 89 percent of agencies reported deteriorating access to aid since the ICJ’s orders were issued. The ongoing humanitarian crisis and Israel’s apparent noncompliance have intensified calls for international enforcement mechanisms. Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said the campaign was not about punishing Israel but about defending the integrity of global legal institutions.
“These rulings strike at the very foundations of international law, which the global community has a duty to defend,” he said. The growing resistance to ICJ rulings has drawn attention to broader concerns over the erosion of international law. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has issued a report outlining steps that member states could take to ensure Israel’s compliance, including reaffirming the ICJ’s finding that its continued occupation of Palestinian territories is illegal and should end within a year. Switzerland has been tasked with convening a conference in March for the 196 signatories of the Geneva Conventions to reaffirm the legal obligations regarding occupied Palestinian territory. A conference in June in New York is set to discuss the feasibility of a two-state solution. But enforcing ICJ rulings remains a challenge. Newly appointed US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has endorsed a congressional bill proposing sanctions against any individuals or entities cooperating with ICC investigations targeting the US or its allies. The bill could extend to family members, further complicating efforts to hold Israel accountable.

Ahmad al Sharaa’s Victory Conference: Syria’s new era and an exclusive translation of Sharaa’s speech
Ahmad Sharawi/FDD's Long War Journal/January 31/2025
On January 29, Syria’s new leadership, headed by Ahmad al Sharaa—formerly known as Abu Mohammad al Jolani, the emir of Hayat Tahrir al Sham (HTS) and previously the leader of Al Qaeda’s Syrian affiliate, Jabhat al Nusrah—hosted a “Victory Conference” to outline the country’s future.
In a sweeping restructuring of the state, all military factions, as well as political and civil revolutionary bodies, were ordered to dissolve and integrate into newly formed state institutions. Additionally, former dictator Bashar al Assad’s Baath Party, the Syrian Army, the Syrian parliament, and various regime-linked institutions were dissolved.
Sharaa was formally declared Syria’s leader, assuming full presidential powers for the transition period, while also being tasked with forming a temporary legislative body. Sharaa has previously stated that drafting a new constitution will take three years, with elections expected to follow in the fourth year.
According to Al Arabiya, 18 armed factions agreed to dissolve and merge into a newly unified army. While the specific groups were not named, their identities can be inferred based on the conference’s attendees. Notably absent from this agreement were armed factions from Suwayda, the Southern Operations Room in Daraa, and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF).
Attendees Included:
Amer al Sheikh — General commander of Ahrar al Sham and governor of Rif Dimashq
Ahmad Issa Sheikh — Commander of the Suqor al Sham Brigade and governor of Idlib
Azzam Gharib — General commander of the Sham Front and governor of Aleppo
Fadlallah al Haji — General commander of the Sham Legion and chief of staff of the Syrian National Army
Sayf Abu Bakr — Leader of the Turkish-backed Hamza Division (Hamzat)
Mohammad Jasem (Abu Amsha) — Leader of the Turkish-backed Suleyman Shah Brigade (Al Amshat)
Salem Turki al Antri — Commander of the US-backed Syrian Free Army
Jamil al Saleh — Commander of Jaysh al Izza
Abu Hatem Shaqra — Commander of Ahrar al Sharqiya
Sharaa gave a five-minute victory speech in which he emphasized resilience in the face of adversity. He also talked about the moral responsibility of victory, cautioned against arrogance after success, and stressed the need for stability, rebuilding, and governance based on justice and ethics, rather than revenge and power struggles. Sharaa called for unity, economic recovery, and international cooperation to restore Syria’s strength.
A translation of Sharaa’s speech follows:
“A few months ago, Damascus appeared to me like a devoted mother, gazing at her children with a look of both reproach and desperation, lamenting her wounds, humiliation, and suffering—bleeding but bearing the pain with resilience, on the verge of collapse, crying out: ‘Save your nation! Save it before the disgrace of nations befalls you!’
Damascus, which bequeathed you the pride of the East and the prestige of glory—Sham, God’s chosen land. Syria, the land of civilization and history. Syria is the trust of ‘Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah and Khalid ibn al Walid.
Oh, Sham, how your cries of agony tormented us! What greater disgrace there is than for a criminal faction to rule over you and commit what they have done. They destroyed her homes, displaced her people, tortured them in prisons of darkness, crushed them in iron presses, and burned their bodies in acid.
We called out to you with sincerity: ‘Stand, O Damascus! Rise and endure!’We resolved, organized our ranks, prepared our forces, and set our target. We marched upon our enemy until we reached Damascus before she could fall.
By the grace of God, we broke the chains, freed the tormented, and wiped away the dust of humiliation from Damascus’s shoulders. The sun of Syria rose once more. The people rejoiced, chanting “Allahu Akbar!” for it was the clear conquest and the great victory—the day when the rightful triumphed over falsehood, justice over oppression, and mercy over torture. But, gentlemen, the defining features of war and military battles are usually destruction, devastation, and bloodshed. However, Syria’s victory was one of mercy, justice, and kindness.
Those who believe that war permits moral corruption are mistaken, for power, wealth, and weapons lead to widespread tyranny if not governed by values and ethics. The essence of struggle is a battle between righthood and falsehood, good and evil, justice and oppression.
Whenever the people of righthood lower themselves to the morals of their enemies, they lose—even if they win. If a man gives in to his own temptations, killing his own brother, he becomes one of the losers—even if he appears victorious.
The first moments of victory can be the first moments of defeat.
If arrogance consumes the victor, and he forgets the grace of God, he will be led to tyranny. Victory is not merely an achievement; it is a responsibility. The burden on the victorious is heavy, and their duty is immense.
The fallen regime has left deep wounds—social, economic, and political and other. Healing them requires a lot of wisdom, relentless effort, and tireless perseverance. Those who believe the time for struggle has passed and that comfort has arrived are deluded. Syria today needs more than ever before. Just as we were determined to liberate her, we must now commit to rebuilding and developing her.
Syria is a trust in your hands. Syria holds intrinsic value—she elevates those who serve her and humbles those who fail her. Today, she is entrusted to you.
And Syria’s priorities today are, first, filling the power vacuum in a legitimate and lawful manner. Second, preserving civil peace by ensuring transitional justice and preventing acts of revenge. Third, rebuilding state institutions, especially the military, security, and police forces, as ensuring the safety of the people is the foremost priority. Fourth, reviving the economy by reconstructing human resources, agriculture, industry, and the service sector. Fifth, restoring Syria’s regional and international standing, establishing foreign relations based on brotherhood, respect, sovereignty, and shared interests.
Many have spoken of our nation’s glorious past, and people have grown weary of hearing, “We were, and we used to be.”But with this great victory, we now have the right to connect the past with the present, to say with confidence, “We were, and we are!”History itself bears witness—let it return to record new pages, to sing the melodies of triumph! Congratulations to us, to you, to all of Syria, to everyone who sympathized and stood by her side.”Ahmad Sharawi is a research analyst at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies focused on Iranian intervention in Arab affairs and the levant.

Sweden releases 5 arrested following the killing of an Iraqi who carried out Qur’an burnings
AP/January 31, 2025
STOCKHOLM: Swedish prosecutors said Friday they have ordered the release of five men who were arrested after the fatal shooting of an Iraqi man who carried out several Qur’an burnings. Salwan Momika staged several burnings and desecrations of Islam’s holy book in Sweden in 2023. Videos of the Qur’an burnings got worldwide publicity and raised anger and criticism in several Muslim nations, leading to riots and unrest in many places. Momika was killed in a shooting Wednesday night at an apartment building in Sodertalje, near Stockholm. Five people were arrested in the following hours on suspicion of murder. Prosecutor Rasmus Öman said in a statement Friday that the suspicions they committed a crime have weakened and he no longer sees a reason to keep them in custody. The statement added that the suspicions have not yet been dismissed completely and investigators are still looking into what exactly happened and who was behind the killing.

Trump will rue recklessly yanking security from Mike Pompeo, others in Iran’s crosshairs

(Ret.) Mark Montgomery & Bradley Bowman/New York Post/January 31/2025 |
Newly confirmed Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth on Tuesday canceled the personal security detail assigned to retired Gen. Mark Milley, following his boss President Trump’s decision to revoke protection for his former Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, National Security Adviser John Bolton and Iran envoy Brian Hook. That the Trump administration is doing so despite continued specific threats against their lives from the Islamic Republic of Iran is dangerous and short-sighted — and should be reversed without delay.
What is going on here?
In January 2020, Trump authorized a military strike in Iraq that killed Qasem Soleimani, the commander of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Quds Force. Soleimani was “responsible for the deaths of hundreds of American and coalition service members and the wounding of thousands more,” according to the Pentagon. “Soleimani was plotting imminent and sinister attacks on American diplomats and military personnel, but we caught him in the act and terminated him,” Trump said at the time. The Islamic Republic of Iran was not happy that its chief exporter of terrorism had been taken off the battlefield. A few days later, it launched a salvo of ballistic missiles at two bases in northern Iraq, resulting in traumatic brain injuries for more than 100 American troops.
But the regime in Tehran was not satisfied.
Since then, it has repeatedly made clear that it wants to kill numerous senior American leaders involved in the Soleimani strike, including Trump himself.
As a US president, Trump enjoys world-class protection for life. The same cannot be said for Pompeo, Bolton, Milley and Hook. When reporters asked about his decision last week, Trump was shockingly dismissive. “When you have protection, you can’t have it for the rest of your life,” he shrugged, apparently oblivious to the fact that he himself has just such lifetime security. Trump may not fully appreciate the degree to which the murderous Iranian regime and its supporters are patient.
In 1989, Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a fatwa ordering the death of author Salman Rushdie for what he had published the year prior in his novel “The Satanic Verses.” More than 30 years later, in August 2022, Rushdie was repeatedly stabbed as he was about to give a lecture.
The assailant’s indictment alleged he was trying to carry out Khomeini’s fatwa.
When it comes to former US government officials, what matters is not the amount of time elapsed, but whether they remain in danger for actions they took in the course of their official duties, as they carried out the direction of their commander-in-chief.
If the danger to a fellow citizen and former official remains, the protection should remain in place. Period. Some might argue that the threat to these individuals is inflated. That seems to be Trump’s view.
“I mean there are risks to everything,” he said dismissively. That response demonstrates an ignorance of the danger to these former officials, a callous disregard for their safety, or worse. Sen. Tom Cotton, a Republican from Arkansas and hardly an anti-Trump partisan, disagrees with any suggestion that the threat is inflated.
“As the chairman of the Intelligence Committee, I’ve reviewed the intelligence in the last few days,” Cotton told Fox News on Sept. 26.
“The threat to anyone involved in President Trump’s strike on Qassem Soleimani is persistent. It’s real. Iran is committed to vengeance against all of these people.”
In December, the State Department notified Congress that the threats against Pompeo and Hook were “serious and credible” and warranted continued government-provided security. So, if the threat remains, what is really going on?
The answer is clear, and it is lamentable: President Trump does not like some of the comments these individuals have made. Mr. President, if you don’t like what these individuals have said, explain why you think they are wrong — or better yet, move on and focus your energies instead on your policy agenda to help Americans and improve our country. But whatever you do, please don’t help the terrorist regime in Tehran and put our fellow citizens in danger. Such a decision is beneath the office you hold. If they are injured or killed, Mr. President, you will be the one person responsible — and that would be a black mark against you that time will not erase.
Mr. President, our enemy is Iran, not citizens with whom we disagree.
We hope you will remember that fact, and rescind this dangerous order, before it is too late. Rear Admiral (Ret.) Mark Montgomery is a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, where Bradley Bowman serves as senior director of the Center on Military and Political Power.

White House says Trump tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China will come Saturday
AP/January 31, 2025
WASHINGTON: President Donald Trump will put in place 25 percent tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico and 10 percent tariffs on goods from China effective on Saturday, the White House said, but it provided no word on whether there would be any exemptions to the measures that could result in swift price increases to US consumers. Trump had been threatening the tariffs to ensure greater cooperation from the countries on stopping illegal immigration and the smuggling of chemicals used for fentanyl, but he has also pledged to use tariffs to boost domestic manufacturing and raise revenues for the federal government. “Starting tomorrow, those tariffs will be in place,” White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters on Friday. “These are promises made and promises kept by the president.”The tariffs carry both political and economic risks for Trump, who is just two weeks into his second term. Many voters backed the Republican on the promise that he could tamp down inflation, but the possibility of tariffs could trigger higher prices and potentially disrupt the energy, auto, lumber and agricultural sectors. Trump had said he was weighing issuing an exemption for Canadian and Mexican oil imports, but Leavitt said she had no information to share on the president’s decision on any potential carveouts. The United States imported almost 4.6 million barrels of oil daily from Canada in October and 563,000 barrels from Mexico, according to the Energy Information Administration. US daily production during that month averaged nearly 13.5 million barrels a day. Trump has previously stated a 10 percent tariff on Chinese imports would be on top of other import taxes charged on products from the country.
Shortly after Leavitt spoke, the S&P 500 stock index sold off and largely erased its gains on the day. “We should expect all three countries to retaliate,’’ said Wendy Cutler, a former US trade negotiator. China responded aggressively to tariffs Trump imposed on Chinese goods during his first term, targeting the president’s supporters in rural America with retaliatory taxes on US farm exports. Both Canada and Mexico have said they’ve prepared the option of retaliatory tariffs to be used if necessary, which in turn could trigger a wider trade conflict that economic analyzes say could hurt growth and further accelerate inflation. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Friday that Canada is ready is a respond if Trump goes ahead with the tariffs, but he did not give details.
“We’re ready with a response, a purposeful, forceful but reasonable, immediate response,” he said. “It’s not what we want, but if he moves forward, we will also act.”Trudeau said tariffs would have “disastrous consequences” for the U.S, putting American jobs at risk and causing prices to rise. Trudeau reiterated that less than 1 percent of the fentanyl and illegal crossings into the US come from Canada. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said Friday that Mexico has maintained a dialogue with Trump’s team since before he returned to the White House, but she emphasized that Mexico has a “Plan A, Plan B, Plan C for what the United States government decides.” “Now it is very important that the Mexican people know that we are always going to defend the dignity of our people, we are always going to defend the respect of our sovereignty and a dialogue between equals, as we have always said, without subordination,” Sheinbaum said. Liu Pengyu, spokesman for the Chinese embassy in Washington, said the two countries should resolve their differences through dialogue and consultation. “There is no winner in a trade war or tariff war, which serves the interests of neither side nor the world,” Liu said in a statement. “Despite the differences, our two countries share huge common interests and space for cooperation.”A study this month by Warwick McKibbin and Marcus Noland of the Peterson Institute for International Economics concluded that the 25 percent tariffs on Canada and Mexico and 10 percent tariffs on China “would damage all the economies involved, including the US’’. “For Mexico,’’ the study said, “a 25 percent tariff would be catastrophic. Moreover, the economic decline caused by the tariff could increase the incentives for Mexican immigrants to cross the border illegally into the US — directly contradicting another Trump administration priority.’’Cutler, now vice president at the Asia Society Policy Institute, said the extent of the economic damage will depend on how long the tariffs are in effect.
If it’s just a few days, “that’s one thing. If they are in place for weeks onto months, we’re going to see supply chain disruptions, higher costs for US manufacturers, leading to higher prices for US consumers,’’ she said. “It could have macroeconomic impacts. It could affect the stock market. Then internationally it could lead to more tension with our trading partners and make it harder for us to work with them.”

North Korean Troops Withdraw From Russia's Frontline After Heavy Losses, Officials Say
Kate Nicholson/HuffPost UK/January 31, 2025
North Korean troops are no longer fighting on Russia’s behalf in Vladimir Putin’s war against Ukraine, according to reports. Pyongyang signed a mutual defence agreement with Moscow last year, promising to defend one another if a third party were to attack. Ukrainian troops then crossed the Russian border in August in a shock incursion into the region of Kursk, seizing around 500 sq miles. It’s thought North Korea subsequently offered up its troops to help Putin defend Kursk– but most of those soldiers seem to have now disappeared from the frontline. Sources told the New York Times that the additional soldiers have not been seen at the frontline in Kursk for about two weeks. From November onwards, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un sent around 11,000 trained fighters to help Russia. The troops were reportedly some of the best North Korea has to offer but Russians allegedly used them as foot soldiers – meaning they’ve been regularly shot down by Ukrainian fire. Anonymous Western sources told the BBC earlier this month that there were 4,000 North Korean losses after just a few weeks of fighting, including 1,000 deaths. Ukraine’s top military commander General Oleksandr Syrsky also said that in just three months, the North Korean ranks diminished by half. However, the US officials told the New York Times that the decision to pull North Korean troops off the frontline might not be a permanent move. They may return after receiving extra training, or once Moscow has developed a strategy which reduces their losses.
The UK’s Ministry of Defence previously reported that Russian soldiers were struggling with their North Korean peers due to a language barrier which created operational struggles. Coupled with disorder in the Russian ranks, and Putin’s “meat-grinder” tactics, North Korean troops have endured a staggering number of casualties and even ended up fending for themselves in some scenarios, according to Ukrainian officials. Russia has managed to retake around half of the land in Kursk so far, while also continuing to push forward and seize more Ukrainian territory on the other side of the border. But since Donald Trump has returned to the White House, he is pushing for a peace deal between Moscow and Kyiv to end the war within 100 days.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on January 31/February 01/2025
Trump’s Return Pushes Iran Into a Defensive Posture

Janatan Sayeh/ Policy Brief/January 31/2025
Increasingly fearful of their loosening grip on power, the Islamic Republic’s rulers are recalibrating their foreign policy, at least temporarily, to gauge the impact of Donald Trump’s return to the White House. Tehran is reining in regional proxies from Gaza to Yemen and suggesting its readiness for talks with the United States over Tehran’s nuclear ambitions as it faces the prospect of a renewed campaign of “maximum pressure.”
Khamenei Warns of U.S. Deception
Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has floated the possibility of talks with Washington by warning that Iran must approach any negotiations with appropriate caution. “Behind the smiles of diplomacy, there are always hidden and malicious enmities and resentments,” Khamenei said on January 28. This is an apt characterization of Tehran’s approach to negotiating with the Biden administration, which mainly served to divert attention from Iran’s accelerating nuclear program.
Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi similarly did not rule out renewed talks. He also emphasized that Tehran’s disappointment that the nuclear deal negotiated with the United States and four other powers in 2015 was now effectively moot, with robust new sanctions introduced in the interim. Yet the enforcement of those sanctions was lackluster during Biden’s term, enabling Iran to mount a substantial economic recovery.
Baghdad Calls for Integrating Shiite Militias Into Iraqi Armed Forces
Araghchi conceded that Iran’s regional proxies had been dealt “several serious blows” by their participation in the multi-front war against Israel triggered by the Hamas atrocities of October 7, 2023. Anticipating Washington’s stringent stance against Iran’s proxies, Iraqi Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein asserted on January 16 that Iraq’s national government aims to pressure Iran-backed militias to disarm and integrate into the country’s armed forces.
The Iran-backed al Nujaba militia in Iraq — designated a terrorist group by the United States — announced in December 2024 a halt to attacks on Israel ahead of Trump’s return to office. And in a clear indication that Iran’s rulers are still smarting from the January 2020 elimination of Qassem Soleimani, Esmail Ghaani, the commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps’ Quds Force (IRGC-QF) and Soleimani’s successor, met with Iran-backed Shiite militias in Iraq on January 5 to discuss “restructuring and disengaging armed factions.”
Yemeni Houthis Redesignated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization
Trump redesignated the Houthi rebels in Yemen as a foreign terrorist organization (FTO) on January 22. Biden lifted the group’s previous designation when he first took office, reversing Trump’s initial decision. Yet the Houthi’s campaign of aggression in the Red Sea led the Biden administration to classify them as specially designated global terrorists in January 2024. The return to FTO status will strengthen sanctions on the Houthis and enhance penalties for those who aid them. Iran condemned Trump’s announcement, an unsurprising response considering the crucial role that Iranian support has played in enhancing the Houthis’ military capabilities, including attacks on the U.S. Navy, ballistic missile strikes on Israel, and assaults on shipping vessels in the Red Sea.
Nuclear Brinkmanship: Tehran’s Gravest Threat
Despite the impact of Israel’s military campaign on Iran’s proxies and military facilities inside Iran, the regime retains a crucial source of leverage: its nuclear program. Tehran possesses an enriched uranium stockpile and centrifuge capabilities that could swiftly yield weapons-grade uranium for a nuclear bomb.
The Islamic Republic has publicly escalated its nuclear threat in a bid to obtain sanctions relief. Kamal Kharrazi, an advisor to Khamenei, threatened in November 2024 to “reconsider” the regime’s nuclear doctrine and added that Iran possesses the capabilities to manufacture a nuclear weapon.
Reinstating Maximum Pressure While Supporting the Iranian People
Despite Tehran seemingly signaling a willingness to engage in negotiations, it has made sanctions relief a prerequisite for talks. Yet Tehran pocketed concessions granted by the previous administration without reciprocating. This only emboldened Tehran, fueling its regional aggression and advancing its nuclear ambitions. Today, the regime’s growing fragility presents a critical opportunity to reinstate a maximum pressure strategy — this time paired with support for the Iranian people’s pursuit of a democratic and secular government.
* Janatan Sayeh is a research analyst at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD), where he focuses on Iranian domestic affairs and the Islamic Republic’s malign regional influence. For more analysis from Janatan and FDD, please subscribe HERE. Follow Janatan on X @JanatanSayeh. Follow FDD on X @FDD and @FDD_Iran. FDD is a Washington, DC-based, non-partisan research institute focused on national security and foreign policy.

Hamas Deal Puts U.S. Boots on the Ground
Daniel Greenfield/Gatestone Institute/January 31, 2025
The Biden administration rolled Steve Witkoff, Donald Trump's envoy, into signing off on their deal to save Hamas...
Witkoff admitted to Fox News that he had done nothing but agree to the Biden administration's May 27 protocol... and all he had done was to "speed up the process" by pressuring Israel into making every possible concession to Hamas. By getting Trump to accept the Biden deal, Witkoff and his allies in the Trump transition team, some of whom are associated with the pro-Iran Koch network, had also bound President Trump to a comprehensive nation-building project...
Trump is right to be skeptical. And he was right when he said: "You certainly can't have the people that were there. Most of them are dead. But they didn't exactly run it well. They run viciously and badly. You can't have that."
But the deal foisted on him by Biden, Qatar, Witkoff and his Koch network allies does just that. It saves Hamas and puts the terrorists back in power.
The Trump administration can exit the Biden deal and the sooner we do it, the easier it will be.
Any rebuilding will be to the benefit of Hamas. And will put billions into the pockets of Islamic terrorists, just the way that our reconstruction projects in Afghanistan financed the Taliban.
And having US veterans risking their lives to inspect terrorists moving around Gaza is senseless.
The Biden administration rolled Steve Witkoff, Donald Trump's envoy, into signing off on their deal to save Hamas. By exiting the deal, Trump can demonstrate once again that America is no longer in the nation-building business: that we will not squander blood and treasure for globalist agendas.
American soldiers are headed to Gaza.
They're not there to fight Islamic terrorists, but to secure the disastrous Biden deal that saved Hamas by monitoring and inspecting the Gazans traveling across the "Netzarim corridor."One of the companies is UG Solutions, founded by a former Special Forces veteran, which hires US military vets to provide security. Hiring veterans as contractors became a common practice during the War on Terror because it allowed politicians to avoid accountability for US casualties.
Hundreds of Americans were killed working as contractors in Iraq, including, in one of the most infamous incidents in the war, when four ex-Special Forces contractors working for Blackwater had their bodies dragged through the streets, were beaten, hacked and hanged from a bridge while the Arab Muslim mobs of men, women and children cheered. The scene played out again in Benghazi, when two former Navy SEALS working as CIA contractors were murdered.
How soon until it plays out in Gaza?
Bringing in veterans as contractors has been a longtime way to disguise "boots on the ground." But the men in those boots are still veterans who believe they're serving their country. And when they die, it's Americans dying to carry out the policies of their Commander in Chief. Gaza is every bit as dangerous as Fallujah, Iraq or Benghazi, Libya. One American soldier already died in Biden's futile Gaza pier aid-delivery effort. This will be far more risky. In 2003, Islamic terrorists bombed an American diplomatic convoy in Gaza, killing three security contractors, John Branchizio, Mark Parsons and John Martin Linde Jr. Branchizio was a former Navy SEAL, Linde, an ex-Marine and Parson's family sued the Palestinian Authority which freed the terrorist murderers of the three men. Sadly, nothing was learned from their murders. Reportedly, the ex-military and CIA operatives are already there and planning operations.
No matter how they're disguised, American boots are back on the ground and the lives of American soldiers are being risked in a nation-building project to create a terror state. As FrontPage Magazine already reported, the UN is estimating that it will take $50 billion to rebuild Gaza, with an estimated completion date of 2040. And it's already set to put armed Americans on the ground to secure a nation-building operation that is doomed to fail.
So why are we doing it all over again?
The Biden administration rolled Steve Witkoff, Donald Trump's envoy, into signing off on their deal to save Hamas and, by Phase 3, begin building a "Palestinian state" paid for and protected by us. Witkoff admitted to Fox News that he had done nothing but agree to the Biden administration's May 27 protocol, had nothing to do with "the mathematics behind the prisoner release and the hostage release" and all he had done was to "speed up the process" by pressuring Israel into making every possible concession to Hamas. By getting Trump to accept the Biden deal, Witkoff and his allies in the Trump transition team, some of whom are associated with the pro-Iran Koch network, had also bound President Trump to a comprehensive nation-building project that would force him to spend his whole second term rebuilding Gaza and put ex-soldiers on the ground to secure it.
At an event, Trump correctly said that he is "not confident" that the ceasefire will hold, described Gaza as "a massive demolition site," and said that it would need to be "rebuilt in a different way." "Beautiful things could be done over there, fantastic things," he suggested. And asked if he'll help rebuild Gaza, Trump answered, "I might." And that would be a catastrophic mistake.
America should not be in the business of nation-building in Gaza or anywhere in the Muslim world. Trump is right to be skeptical. And he was right when he said:
"You certainly can't have the people that were there. Most of them are dead. But they didn't exactly run it well. They run viciously and badly. You can't have that."
But the deal foisted on him by Biden, Qatar, Witkoff and his Koch network allies does just that. It saves Hamas and puts the terrorists back in power.
Any rebuilding will be to the benefit of Hamas. And will put billions into the pockets of Islamic terrorists, just the way that our reconstruction projects in Afghanistan financed the Taliban.
And having US veterans risking their lives to inspect terrorists moving around Gaza is senseless. The Israelis have shown that they are more than capable of controlling the Netzarim corridor and securing Gaza. They don't need us to do it for them. Hamas and its allies need that. And once Americans are on the ground, Hamas will attack us to regain control of the zones in Gaza.
The Biden trap for the Trump administration will have us spending blood and treasure in Gaza. Our people will have the thankless job of replacing the Israelis to keep them away from Hamas. Not only won't Hamas thank us for it, the terrorists will set traps for us, accuse us of attacking them, and then attack us. Just like it already happened in Afghanistan and Iraq.
We'll be there to enable a "technocratic" unity front government negotiated by Hamas and the PLO under the aegis of Communist China and Russia at meetings in Beijing and Moscow.
Biden personnel have trapped the Trump administration into nation-building one more time. But it doesn't have to be this way. The Trump administration can exit the Biden deal and the sooner we do it, the easier it will be. Not a single American has to die, and not a single dollar should be spent on nation-building in Gaza. And won't be if we exit the Biden deal.
No one in the Trump administration or the conservative movement should take ownership of the Biden deal. That's falling into a trap that will assign them the blame for the deal when it falls apart. Witkoff admitted what we already knew. It was the Biden deal. It should end with him.
By exiting the deal, Trump can demonstrate once again that America is no longer in the nation-building business: that we will not squander blood and treasure for globalist agendas.
The Israelis do not need us or want us in Gaza. All they want is a free hand to finish off the terrorists. And when they do that, it will be one more global problem we don't have to deal with.
The U.S. should have no "boots" or "sneakers" on the ground. After the murders of John Branchizio, Mark Parsons and John Martin Linde Jr, not one more American should die for Gaza. We don't need to rebuild Gaza, inspect it or try to teach its people about democracy.
Let's leave Gaza. Leave the Biden deal with Hamas. And leave "Palestinian" nation-building to those countries stupid enough to think that what failed since the early 90s will work now.
**Daniel Greenfield is a Shillman Journalism Fellow at the David Horowitz Freedom Center. Reprinted by kind permission of the Center's Front Page Magazine.
**Follow Daniel Greenfield on X (formerly Twitter) and Facebook
© 2025 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Can Trump Reverse The Irreversible?
Amb. Alberto M. Fernandez/MEMRI/January 31/ 2025
Fear and loathing stalks the halls of power in Washington, D.C. The fate of the giant "Self-Licking Ice Cream Cone" (SLICC) hangs in the balance.
That term, for those who are unfamiliar with it, dates at least from the 1990s and referred initially to the U.S. Defense Department and NASA.[1] It was a type of military short-hand to describe how programs and processes develop a life of their own where a system exists for no other reason than to perpetuate itself. In such a scenario, measures of success are created to accomplish the most important goals – not necessarily to achieve a real outcome – but to keep the entity funded and growing. The bureaucracy and its processes exist to keep doing what they have always done, and this inertia is powerful. Large bureaucracies are resistant to change.[2]
While much has been written about Elon Musk and the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), what the Trump Administration seems to be trying to do is far broader and more ambitious, an attempt at reversing an irreversible trajectory, radical reform in the way the U.S. government functions both domestically and globally. The odds are daunting, for it turns out that there is not just one SLICC out there, but many.
Although they may overlap to some extent, five big SLICCs can be seen at work today:
The Budget SLICC
The Personnel SLICC
The Implementing Partner SLICC
The Globalism SLICC
The Regional SLICC
The Budget SLICC is, obviously the budgeting and spending process (so this is the original one, as the term was first used to refer to DOD and NASA appropriations and spending in 1991-1992). While Congress appropriates the money, there is a lot of discretion within the executive branch over the budgeting and spending process, a lot of wiggle room. In the summer of 2024, we saw the Biden Administration spend at least $230 million for a Gaza pier to nowhere.[3] Good government advocates often cite egregious examples of waste, fraud and abuse but, of course, there is plenty of spending which is not very smart or helpful that manages to avoid the legal definitions of waste and fraud. Anyone who sat through DOD PowerPoint presentations – as I did back in the day – on Afghanistan knew that spending was occurring that was perfectly legal but which was deceptively being presented as a success. A trillion dollars later, you had the fall of Kabul.[4] But if you are the one who writes the measures of success, almost everything you are measuring – your metrics – will look successful.[5] The Trump people trying to get their hands on ongoing, often opaque, spending in areas such as foreign assistance, is a logical step.
The Personnel SLICC is, of course, the people who staff the bureaucracy. Here one recalls Robert Conquest's Second Law of Politics (or John O'Sullivan's First Law, which is identical): "Any organization not explicitly right-wing sooner or later becomes left-wing." Based on my experience in government, there is little doubt that many American civil servants lean left or liberal. It depends on the organization, of course, but the bias is there (less "liberal" institutions like DOD have their own biases).[6] Some might say that personal political views do not matter as long as the work is done. And yet, during the first Trump Administration, USAID officials attempted to block Trump Administration policy on Iraq to the extent that it became – with liberal spin, of course – a matter of public record.[7] There were many other examples which got less attention. A Trump review of both spending and personnel is also not just about what is being spent and who is overseeing it but also examining if there are cost savings to be made in what seems to be to many Americans a bloated, unresponsive and arrogant bureaucracy at a time of runaway budget deficits.
The Implementing Partner SLICC is a whole ecosystem of NGOs, groups, and organizations relying on government funding to implement certain programs and policies. Often there is a revolving door between government employees (who overwhelmingly share similar worldviews) and the implementing organization. Over time a symbiotic relationship develops involving both personnel and money. The result is liberal government funds liberal private entities for liberal causes. If there is any accountability, it comes from the liberal bureaucracy. The result is, to use the quaint British term, the creation of "Quangos," or Quasi-Autonomous Non-Governmental Organizations, funded by taxpayers but part of an internal, semi-permanent network of political cronies advancing inexorably certain favored causes. Here also you have private entities also carrying out policies that would invite greater scrutiny if done by government. The growth in recent years of the so-called "Disinformation Industrial Complex" in both the US and UK is a perfect example, with ostensibly private organizations – but government funded or influenced – curbing speech or enforcing speech codes in ways that government might not be able to get away with otherwise.[8]
The Globalism SLICC is merely the international dimension of the three previous emanations, the network of international or multinational entities, such as the United Nations Organization or International Criminal Court that have grown up over time and metastasized into a constellation of new anti-American stars. If the international system or the so-called liberal international order was an invention of the United States, or often at the service of the United States, in the post-war period since 1945, it has now often been turned against American interests, with adversaries or obstacles to US policy often funded, at least in part, with American money. Redefining and reorienting America's position toward this system, establishing new benchmarks and redlines, seems like a logical step for an America First nationalist policy agenda.
The Regional SLICC is a straitjacket of our own creation that oriented U.S. policy, resources, and attention towards certain regions – one thinks of Europe and the Middle East – trapping us in a tired scenario of diminishing political returns while marginalizing other areas. The Middle East is important, it is also the world's most dysfunctional region. Europe is important but is both wealthy (at least for now) and imploding. That the U.S. under Trump may finally and truly pivot not just towards Asia, but to Latin America, and even Africa is a realization that things must change and that we cannot do everything (and that our allies can do much more).[9] "He who attempts to defend everything, defends nothing," as Frederick the Great once said.
Two-thirds of Americans believe that government "corruption, inefficiency and red tape" are major problems and want change although they do not fully trust those who want to bring it about.[10] The overwhelming majority of the American people are also unhappy with the status quo, according to Gallup, and have been so for quite a while.[11] The Trump Administration's attempt to address these five areas, to radically reform government operations, including personnel, to cut off the Quango gravy train, to reorient itself – our foreign, economic, and security policy – more realistically, both internationally and regionally, is extremely ambitious. It will not be easy to accomplish and certainly, in its scope, dwarfs anything attempted by an administration in terms of drastic reform for many decades. For many that prospect will be either exhilarating or terrifying.
*Alberto M. Fernandez is Vice President of MEMRI.
[1] Worden, S. Pete (1992). "On Self-Licking Ice Cream Cones." Proceedings of the seventh Cambridge workshop on cool stars, stellar systems, and the sun. ASP Conference Series. Vol. 26. Astronomical Society of the Pacific. pp. 599-603.
[2] Arstechnica.com/science/2022/05/how-nasa-finally-melted-its-giant-self-licking-ice-cream-cone, May 23, 2022.
[3] Thenewhumanitarian.org/analysis/2024/07/16/us-gaza-pier-close-after-costing-230-million-days-worth-aid, July 16, 2024.
[4] Responsiblestatecraft.org/2021/10/04/how-the-self-licking-ice-cream-cone-prolonged-the-20-year-war, October 4, 2021.
[5] Irregularwarfare.org/articles/learning-from-failure-afghanistan-as-a-microcosm-for-strategic-competition, January 4, 2024.
[6] Theamericanconservative.com/mattis-one-more-general-for-the-self-licking-ice-cream-cone, January 8, 2019.
[7] Propublica.org/article/how-mike-pences-office-meddled-in-foreign-aid-to-reroute-money-to-favored-christian-groups, November 6, 2019.
[8] Cato.org/commentary/beginning-end-censorship-industrial-complex, March 20, 2024.
[9] Providencemag.com/2024/08/securing-a-core-group-of-near-east-allies-to-counter-iran/?fbclid=IwY2xjawIIZAdleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHTJYeQyczUCVU37dKM1IG7XxqRhp3RCUSKvPv9lCLekyrfKghmS5VoP53w_aem_q__OV2JphnefhWQTkXa_bA, August 19, 2024.
[10] Apnews.com/article/doge-musk-trump-corruption-government-efficiency-16243280f446ea85ef50ff106c7e2841, January 24, 2025.
[11] News.gallup.com/poll/1669/general-mood-country.aspx, accessed January 31, 2025.

Israel now applying its ‘Gaza model’ in the West Bank
Daoud Kuttab/Arab News/January 31, 2025
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict seems to have shifted from Gaza to the West Bank, with little international accountability, even though there are no hostages being held there. While global observers grapple with the ramifications of the US foreign aid suspension and incendiary calls for the forced displacement of 1.5 million Gazans, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has played a pivotal role in delaying ceasefire negotiations. Meanwhile, in the West Bank, Israeli military operations continue to escalate, exacting a devastating toll on Palestinian civilians.
In recent weeks, Israeli military forces have intensified their presence in the West Bank, notably through the reoccupation of the Jenin refugee camp. This aggressive strategy mirrors historical patterns, drawing uncomfortable parallels to the policies of Ariel Sharon in the 1970s. Once again, the civilian population bears the brunt of military maneuvers as homes, roads and infrastructure are razed in the name of security. The deployment of massive Caterpillar D9 and D10 bulldozers to demolish homes and widen roads in Jenin is eerily reminiscent of Gaza’s long-standing plight. The Israeli military claims these operations target militant strongholds, yet the scale of destruction suggests a broader objective — one that punishes entire communities rather than surgically addressing security threats. The Israeli army reported that its recent incursion in Jenin resulted in 18 Palestinian deaths and 60 arrests, yet it made no mention of the homes that were demolished or the families left homeless.
In the town of Tamun, south of Tubas, Israeli airstrikes claimed the lives of 10 Palestinians in what can only be described as a massacre. Elsewhere, the pattern of destruction continued: the Al-Taqwa prayer hall in Sur Baher was demolished under the pretext of lacking a permit, while businesses and homes in Jabal Al-Mukaber suffered a similar fate. The cumulative effect of these actions suggests an insidious strategy — one that seeks to impose the “Gaza model” on the West Bank, reducing Palestinian cities and refugee camps to rubble.
The expansion of Israeli military aggression cannot be separated from the inflammatory rhetoric of far-right Israeli officials
The expansion of Israeli military aggression cannot be separated from the inflammatory rhetoric of far-right Israeli officials, such as Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, who openly advocate for the destruction of Palestinian communities. These calls for violence are not empty threats; they translate into real-world policies that systematically strip Palestinians of their homes, rights and dignity.
Adnan Dmeiri, a former spokesperson for the Palestinian security forces, articulated the sheer absurdity of Israel’s justification for these incursions. Speaking to Al-Monitor, he pointed out that the destruction of essential infrastructure — such as roads, water systems and power grids — serves no military purpose beyond collective punishment. The calculated targeting of civilian spaces under the guise of counterterrorism raises fundamental ethical questions. How can one claim to fight extremism while employing tactics that deepen resentment and suffering?
Eyewitness accounts paint a harrowing picture. Abu Fayez, a resident of Jenin, likened the destruction to a second Nakba, a reference to the mass displacement of Palestinians in 1948. His words carry a chilling truth: for many, the loss of a home is not just a material setback — it is the erasure of history, identity and future prospects. Similarly, Maysoun Khanfar, another displaced resident, described the trauma of being forced from her home in the dead of night, watching helplessly as entire neighborhoods were reduced to ashes.
The humanitarian crisis unfolding in Gaza and the West Bank demands an immediate response from the international community. Yet, time and again, Palestinian suffering has been met with indifference or, worse, outright complicity. While some global leaders issue hollow condemnations, meaningful action remains elusive. The destruction of mosques, schools and hospitals — protected under international law — should elicit more than mere words of concern.
The Palestinian Ministry of Endowments and Religious Affairs has condemned the targeted destruction of places of worship, emphasizing the cultural and spiritual significance of these sites. Such violations underscore the need for accountability. The international legal framework, including the Geneva Conventions, explicitly prohibits the targeting of civilian infrastructure. Yet, in practice, enforcement is nonexistent when it comes to Israel’s actions in the Occupied Territories.
Time and again, Palestinian suffering has been met with international indifference or, worse, outright complicity
If history has taught us anything, it is that silence emboldens aggressors. The world has watched this crisis unfold for decades, offering only sporadic interventions that fail to address the root causes of Palestinian suffering. Without substantive pressure — both diplomatic and economic — Israel has little incentive to alter its approach. The global community must demand an end to the systematic destruction of Palestinian homes and the relentless cycle of displacement.
Beyond the statistics and political maneuvering, it is essential to recognize the human cost of this ongoing violence. The destruction in Tulkarem, Jenin and other West Bank areas is not merely about military strategy, it is about the everyday lives of people who are trying to survive under occupation. Families that once had homes, businesses and places of worship now face an uncertain future, stripped of the most basic of human necessities.
For every building reduced to rubble, there is a family left homeless. For every school destroyed, there are children who will struggle to access education. For every act of aggression met with silence, the message is clear: Palestinian lives are deemed expendable in the grand chess game of global geopolitics.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict cannot shift from one occupied area, Gaza, to another, the West Bank including East Jerusalem.
A just resolution requires international accountability, a halt to illegal settlements and recognition of Palestinian sovereignty. Sustainable peace cannot be achieved through military might, but rather through genuine dialogue and mutual recognition of rights.
• Daoud Kuttab is an award-winning Palestinian journalist and former Ferris Professor of Journalism at Princeton University. He is the author of “State of Palestine NOW: Practical and logical arguments for the best way to bring peace to the Middle East.” X: @daoudkuttab

Turkiye’s compartmentalized approach to the Maghreb

Sinem Cengiz/Arab News/January 31, 2025
The Maghreb, a region that serves as a crucial bridge between the Middle East, Africa and Europe, occupies a significant place in the foreign policy agenda of several regional actors, including Turkiye. Its connections to the Mediterranean, in particular, make it an important region for Ankara’s geopolitical ambitions. Thus, Turkiye’s policy in the Maghreb, which includes the countries of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Libya, is part of its broader “opening up to Africa” initiative, involving economic, energy and military motives.
Turkiye is gradually developing its relations with Algeria, despite several differences, while building stronger ties with Libya, where it is involved both politically and militarily. Ankara also continues to foster economic and security relations with Tunisia and Morocco. However, Turkiye’s engagement with these countries varies based on both sides’ specific interests and the nature of their bilateral relations. Some of these states view Turkiye’s growing engagement in their region as an opportunity, while some approach it with caution.
If we were to categorize Turkiye’s relations, we could argue that it enjoys strong ties with Tunisia and Libya, while its relations with Algeria and Morocco are still developing. Yet, Morocco is a step further forward than Algeria as it seeks to strengthen its defense ties with Turkiye. However, this motive could potentially cause concern in Algeria, as the two Maghreb states remain at odds, particularly over the Western Sahara issue.
Morocco has recently emerged as one of the leading customers of Turkiye’s defense industry and defense cooperation has become the main point of the two countries’ developing relations. Morocco’s military has integrated a fleet of 19 Bayraktar TB2 drones, which it acquired from Turkish defense company Baykar in September 2021. These drones have proven their operational effectiveness.
Some of these states view Turkiye’s growing engagement as an opportunity, while some approach it with caution.
In November last year, Morocco confirmed its plan to acquire the Akinci model — a high-altitude, long-range drone also produced by Baykar — with the first deliveries expected soon. Rabat has also submitted a request to purchase 200 Turkish Cobra II armored vehicles, valued at about $136 million. For Morocco, strengthening its defense capabilities is part of a broader strategy to modernize its military infrastructure and enhance its security. For Turkiye, gaining Morocco as a new customer bolsters its footprint in the Maghreb’s defense sector.
The strong indications of growing defense collaboration were clear after a recent visit to Morocco by a delegation from Aselsan, Turkiye’s leading defense company. The discussions with Aselsan were centered on the potential acquisition of a next-generation combat management system, which is expected to significantly enhance Morocco’s naval defense capabilities. Aselsan this week secured a $50.7 million contract to supply Morocco with the Koral electronic warfare system.
The strengthening of defense relations with Turkiye is not just about acquiring advanced weaponry — it also reflects Morocco’s ambitions for a stronger position in the Maghreb. Signaling its commitment to this issue, Morocco also recently appointed a military attache to its embassy in Ankara.
While strengthening its ties with Morocco, Turkiye should carefully balance its relations with Algeria, which is neither distant nor an ally for Ankara but plays a crucial role as a strategic gate to Turkiye’s Maghreb policy, in which it has economic, energy and military objectives.
Algeria shares a border with Libya, where Turkiye is trying to consolidate its political and military presence. Within this context, ignoring Algeria would not be a rational policy, but developing closer ties with it is equally complex. While Turkiye’s relationship with Algeria presents opportunities, it also has challenges — particularly concerning defense ties with Morocco, Iran’s influence in Algeria and Turkiye’s growing presence in the Maghreb.
Despite its more distant relations with Algeria, Turkiye places importance on the energy dimension of their ties. Last November, the liquefied natural gas supply deal between Turkish energy company Botas and Algeria’s state-owned Sonatrach was extended for an additional three years, until 2027. In fact, there have been talks about increasing defense cooperation between Turkiye and Algeria in the past few years, though relations in this sector remain somewhat cautious.
Despite its more distant relations with Algeria, Turkiye places importance on the energy dimension of their ties
Libya occupies a central role not only in Turkiye’s Maghreb policy but also in its Mediterranean strategy, serving as a gateway for projecting Turkish influence. In 2020, Turkiye signed a military cooperation agreement with Libya, which allows Turkiye to deploy troops and provide military training, as well as to establish military bases in the North African country.
Turkish military contractors have been involved in training and equipping Libyan forces and Turkiye has used its advanced Bayraktar TB2 drones. Turkish firms are pursuing major construction projects. Moreover, a recent energy agreement aims to tap into Libya’s substantial oil reserves, estimated at 48 billion barrels. But in a significant shift from its traditional oil-based economy, Libya is also launching an ambitious renewable energy initiative with Turkish technology and expertise at its core.
In addition to Libya, Tunisia is often considered one of Turkiye’s closest allies in the Maghreb, marked by their cooperation in both the defense and economic sectors. Turkish construction company Biltek was last year awarded a contract to establish a regional maritime center of excellence in Bizerte, Tunisia. This contract reflects the growing defense ties between Turkiye and Tunisia, as well as the latter’s openness to collaborating with Turkiye on strategic projects.
The fragmented regional order and ongoing Ukraine crisis have made it increasingly difficult for European states to address the needs of the Maghreb countries. This situation has pushed these states closer to Turkiye, which is actively seeking new partners in Africa to fill the vacuum left by the declining Western involvement. In doing so, Ankara has compartmentalized its relations with each state to maintain a balanced approach across the region.
• Dr. Sinem Cengiz is a Turkish political analyst who specializes in Turkiye’s relations with the Middle East. X: @SinemCngz