English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For October 12/2024
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

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Bible Quotations For today
”Let us love one another, because love is from God; everyone who loves is born of God and knows God. Whoever does not love does not know God, for God is love
First Letter of John 04/07-21/:”Let us love one another, because love is from God; everyone who loves is born of God and knows God. Whoever does not love does not know God, for God is love.God’s love was revealed among us in this way: God sent his only Son into the world so that we might live through him. In this is love, not that we loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the atoning sacrifice for our sins. Beloved, since God loved us so much, we also ought to love one another. No one has ever seen God; if we love one another, God lives in us, and his love is perfected in us. By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has given us of his Spirit.And we have seen and do testify that the Father has sent his Son as the Saviour of the world. God abides in those who confess that Jesus is the Son of God, and they abide in God. So we have known and believe the love that God has for us. God is love, and those who abide in love abide in God, and God abides in them. Love has been perfected among us in this: that we may have boldness on the day of judgement, because as he is, so are we in this world. There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear; for fear has to do with punishment, and whoever fears has not reached perfection in love.We love because he first loved us. Those who say, ‘I love God’, and hate their brothers or sisters, are liars; for those who do not love a brother or sister whom they have seen, cannot love God whom they have not seen. The commandment we have from him is this: those who love God must love their brothers and sisters also.”

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on October 11-12/2024
Elias Bejjani/Text & Video: The Maarab Conference is Recipe for Definite failure, and Resolution 1701 Was Buried with Nasrallah's Assassination
Elias Bejjani/Text & Video: The Treason of Esmail Qaani & His Secretary Exposes the Iranian Regime as the True Enemy of the Lebanese, Arabs, and Global Peace—Not Israel
Elias Bejjani / Text and Video: Analysis of Naïm Qassem’s Illusions, Delusions, Denial and Treacherous Speech
Elias Bejjani/Text & Video: The End of Iran’s Reign of Terror and Hezbollah's Demise
Senior Hezbollah leader Wafiq Safa in 'critical condition' after IAF strike in Beirut - report
Halevi: 'We will not stop until we return residents to the North'
Israel Air Force strike eliminates Hezbollah Radwan Force commander Araeb el Shoga
US Draws Roadmap to Disarm Lebanon’s Hezbollah
Hochstein: Washington Is Working 'Day and Night' to Reach a Ceasefire in Lebanon
Two Soldiers Killed in South Lebanon Amid Ongoing Israeli Raids
Nawraj: Solidarity in the Face of War
Meerab Rises Above the Clamor of War
More UNIFIL Injuries in Israeli Shelling for the Second Day
Contributing Countries React to Incidents Targeting UNIFIL
Berri's Statement: An Attempt to Bury Resolution 1559?
PM Mikati: Hezbollah Agrees to Implement Resolution 1701; Diplomatic Solution on the Table
Hezbollah’s Unexpected Vulnerabilities from Syrian Conflict Involvement
Israel-Hezb: Between Moralistic Stance and Strategic Challenge/Michel Touma/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
OP-EDClass Hatred Veiled in Humanitarianism/Johnny Kortbawi/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Southern European leaders want Lebanon's army to reassert itself in the country's south/Menelaos Hadjicostis/The Associated Press/October 11, 2024
LF Organizes National Conference to Outline ‘Roadmap to Save Lebanon/Beirut: Youssef Diab/October 11/2024
Israeli Strikes Kill 22 in Beirut as Hezbollah’s Wafiq Safa Evades Assassination
UN peacekeepers in south Lebanon in crosshairs of Israel’s war on Hezbollah
Israel's deadliest strike in central Beirut leaves Lebanese stunned as they dig through the rubble/Bassem Mroue/BEIRUT (AP)/October 11, 2024
Israeli Tank Fires on UNIFIL Base in Lebanon’s Naqoura
Israel faces international criticism after attacks on U.N. bases in Lebanon
Israel attacks on UN in breach of international law - Harris
US sees a window for a new push to break political deadlock in Lebanon to ease conflict/Matthew Lee/The Associated Press/October 11, 2024
UNIFIL to Meet after Israeli Forces Fire at its Mission in Lebanon
AMCD Applauds Israel’s Targeting of Hezbollah’s Leadership

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on October 11-12/2024
Trump asks for military aircraft protection amid Iran threat, reports say
Leaders of EU states in Mediterranean say ceasefire in Middle East is needed, now
Iranian president says Israel, backed by West, is 'killing innocent people'
UN inquiry accuses Israel of ‘crime of extermination’ through deliberate destruction of Gaza’s health care system
Israeli Military: Head of Islamic Jihad Killed in West Bank
US Denies Report of Secret Talks With Iran for Regional Cease-Fire
Leaders of Jordan and southern Europe meet in a bid to help de-escalate Middle East crisis
Thousands said trapped in Jabalia camp as Israel escalates attacks in northern Gaza
GCC-EU Summit Poised to Back Two-State Solution
Debate in Iran over Khamenei’s Office Considering Nuclear Weapons’ Fatwa Revision
Iran foreign minister reiterates Israel retaliation warning
Russian and Iranian leaders meet amid warming ties and escalating Middle East conflict
US Still Believes Iran Has Not Decided to Build a Nuclear Weapon
Moscow’s ‘Tactical’ Retreat in Syria, Shift in Priorities
Somalia says it welcomes Egypt's offer to deploy peacekeepers there


Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on October 11-12/2024
Question: “Why does God allow natural disasters/GotQuestions.org?/October 11/2024
A path toward a nuclear off-ramp with Iran/Ariel E. Levite and Toby Dalton, opinion contributor/The Hill./October 11/2024
The Islamization of Bangladesh by Muhammad Yunus - Backed by Obama, Soros, Clintons/Keya Mukherjee/Gatestone Institute./October 11, 2024
Calls for intervention: Will Iran send forces to aid Hezbollah against Israel?/Dr. Yossi Mansharoe/Jerusalem Post/October 11/2024
Iran: Consistency and Transformation, Domestically and Externally/Mustafa Fahs/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024
Resistance or Terror: The Importance of Dosage/Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on October 11-12/2024
Elias Bejjani/Video: The Maarab Conference is Recipe for Definite failure, and Resolution 1701 Was Buried with Nasrallah's Assassination
Lebanon is a Rogue, Failed State—The UN Must Enforce Chapter 7 of its Charter by Force

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hiL0rxPVNvM&t=4s
Elias Bejjani/Text & Video: The Maarab Conference is Recipe for Definite failure, and Resolution 1701 Was Buried with Nasrallah's Assassination
Lebanon is a Rogue, Failed State—The UN Must Enforce Chapter 7 of its Charter by Force
Elias Bejjani / October 11, 2024

https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/10/135548/
The upcoming Maarab Conference, called for by Dr. Samir Geagea this Saturday, is nothing more than a theatrical, pointless, and a Recipe for Definate failure. . It is completely detached from the deadly crisis Lebanon is currently facing amid the ongoing war between Israel and Hezbollah. In fact, this conference is already dead before it even begins, as it’s merely a replica of a previous disastrous conference held in the same location, called for by the same person. That event exposed the self-serving goals of its organizer, Geagea, and ended in utter failure.
Many Christians and Lebanese citizens don't see Samir Geagea as a credible leader, knowing fully well his self-centered agenda and his delusional presidential ambitions, which stand in stark contrast to the true path needed to save Lebanon and restore its sovereignty. Lebanon must be freed from the grip of the Iranian occupation and the stranglehold of Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed terrorist entity that blasphemously calls itself a political party.
UN Resolution 1701 was effectively buried alongside Hassan Nasrallah's assassination. All attempts to resurrect it are not only futile but demonstrate a dangerous level of ignorance or cowardly submission. The war between Hezbollah and Israel will not end until Hezbollah is completely uprooted, its infrastructure dismantled, and its weapons handed over, as the Israeli Prime Minister has stated.
Lebanon is undeniably a rogue and failed state. Its ruling elite, political factions, and leadership are deeply corrupt, while its political parties have become mere corporate franchises for personal gain. A vast majority of religious leaders are hypocritical Pharisees, speaking of morality while serving their own interests. The nation’s institutions are hollow, and its officials are morally bankrupt, driven by greed and self-interest.
Lebanon urgently needs to be placed under the authority of the United Nations, in accordance with Chapter 7 of its charter. Lebanon meets all the criteria of a failed state, and the international community must act immediately. Any conference—like the one Geagea is convening—that does not demand the full and immediate implementation of all UN resolutions concerning Lebanon through the use of force is doomed to failure. It must call for the country to be put under Chapter 7, for corrupt politicians to be tried and placed under house arrest, and for the Lebanese people to be educated on how to govern themselves properly.
In conclusion, Samir Geagea, like the vast majority of Lebanon’s current leadership have personal and national agendas. While most of the clergy are complicit hypocrites, and the political parties are nothing more than profit-driven enterprises. At the same time a significant portion of the population remains trapped in blind ideological servitude. Lebanon requires a complete overhaul to govern itself.
This is an urgent call for international intervention before it’s too late.


https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/10/135526/
Text & Video: The Treason of Esmail Qaani & His Secretary Exposes the Iranian Regime as the True Enemy of the Lebanese, Arabs, and Global Peace—Not Israel
Elias Bejjani/October 10/2024
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/10/135526/
Canadian Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre: Israel hit on Iran nuclear sites would be ‘gift’ to humanity

The recent revelation by Sky News about the treason of Esmail Qaani, leader of Iran’s Quds Force, and his secretary, who secretly provided Israeli Mossad with crucial intelligence leading to the assassination of Hezbollah’s Hassan Nasrallah and the obliteration of Hezbollah’s leadership, is a striking blow against Iran’s ambitions. The subsequent destruction of Shiite residential areas in South Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and Dahiyeh of Beirut, displacing over one and a half million Lebanese Shiites, exposes a devastating truth: the Iranian regime, under its ruthless mullahs, has long manipulated and sacrificed its followers for its imperialist agenda. The Shiites of Lebanon and the Arab world must wake up to this bitter reality—the regime in Tehran has been exploiting their faith, their identity, and their future as cannon fodder for its expansionist dreams.
Iran, through the tool of Hezbollah, has systematically brainwashed generations of Shiites with fanaticism, using the delusional rhetoric of "destroying Israel" and "liberating Palestine" as a cover for its own designs of regional dominance. This revelation—that Iran’s own top commanders betrayed Hezbollah and led to its downfall—should shatter the illusion that Tehran cares about the Lebanese people, especially its Shiite followers. It does not. The regime’s interest is solely in power, no matter the cost, even if it means delivering its loyal allies to their graves.
The exposure of Qaani’s treason may very well be a deliberate Israeli move to weaken Iran's false aura of invincibility and to alert the Arab Shiites that their true enemy is not Israel but the regime in Tehran. It is Iran that has made their lands battlegrounds and their futures uncertain. The question now for the Lebanese Shiites and the broader Arab Shiite community is whether they will continue to be pawns in Iran’s deadly game, or whether they will rise to reclaim their dignity, peace, and homeland.
The winds of change are sweeping across the region, as Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, (MBS) recently stated that Israel is a “potential ally.” This declaration is more than a policy shift—it is an invitation to the Middle East to move beyond the politics of hatred and war. We in the Middle East must seize this opportunity to foster peace, stability, and cooperation. The Iranian regime, along with its Sunni and Shiites Islamist proxies and the radical leftist forces that seek to destabilize, are obstacles to this future.
The time has come for the Arab Shiites to break free from the Iranian regime’s chains of manipulation, reject its agenda of death and destruction, and embrace the path of peace. The real enemy is not Israel, but those who use religion to blind and control, those who value power over the well-being of their own people. Iran is that enemy. Let us stand united for a future of peace and prosperity in the Middle East, free from the poisonous grip of the Iranian mullahs.

Elias Bejjani / Text and Video: Analysis of Naïm Qassem’s Illusions, Delusions, Denial and Treacherous Speech
October 08/2024

https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/10/135390/
Sheikh Naïm Qassem’s speech today was a blatant display of mental and psychological denial regarding the state of Lebanon and Hezbollah. It was, first and foremost, a clear and documented affirmation that Hezbollah is entirely an Iranian proxy, with no connection whatsoever to Lebanon, the Arab world, or humanity. Sheikh Qassem, “God save us from harm,” is nothing more than a mouthpiece for the Iranian regime.
Secondly, his reckless, jihadist rhetoric acts as a “carte blanche” (license) for Israel, the free world, and moderate Arab states to strengthen their support for Netanyahu, continue funding him, and back his efforts to eliminate Hamas and Hezbollah. This would also result in the displacement of our Lebanese Shiites brothers and the destruction of their regions along with all of Lebanon.
In his speech, Qassem boasted about the supposed fear, displacement of its northern residents, economic loses and the fear, anxiety that Israelis are experiencing, based on his delusional interpretations. However, he willfully ignored the suffering of the Lebanese Shiites, in particular, and the Lebanese people as a whole. With foolishness and denial, he claimed that displacement of the Lebanese in their own country is a form of resistance. Similarly, Sheikh Sadiq al-Nabulsi has echoed the absurd notion that drug trafficking and smuggling are tools of Hezbollah’s so-called resistance.
This madman and Iranian puppet declared, “In war, it’s the first to scream who loses, and we will not scream.” This bizarre detachment from reality is alarming, especially considering the tragedies that have befallen the Shiites and Lebanon as a whole. His speech was nothing but empty rhetoric, fantasies, delusions, and a call suicidal of the Lebanese people.
Qassem’s treacherous speech showed no regard for Lebanon, or the Lebanese people, nor did it acknowledge the catastrophic consequences of the war on the Lebanese Shiites, all caused by Hezbollah’s loyalty to Iran and its criminal actions.
Qassem divided his miserable speech into three main points:
*He thanked Iran and its leaders, glorifying their support, as if Iran had not already abandoned Hezbollah, either willingly or by force, allowing Israel to assassinate its leaders, displace the Shiites, and destroy their regions.
*He refused to separate Hezbollah’s war in Lebanon from the conflict in Gaza.
*He confirmed that the war would continue and that Hezbollah would ultimately claim victory.
Foolishly, he boasted about national unity and the supposed solidarity of the Lebanese people behind Hezbollah. He ignored the fact that the Lebanese welcomed the displaced Shiites out of humanity, not in support of Hezbollah, a criminal and Persian-backed entity. Most Shiites and all free Lebanese see Hezbollah as nothing but demons, murderers, and enemies.
In conclusion, Israel who is facing an existential threat, along with the Arab world, the West, and the USA, will not stop the war until Hezbollah, the party of Satan, is completely uprooted from Lebanon. Hezbollah, along with Iran, Hamas, and their criminal network, must surrender.
In wars, there must be a victor and a defeated, and without any doubt, Iran, Hezbollah, Hamas, and their terrorist jihadist allies are on the losing side of the conflict with Israel.
From a Lebanese perspective, there is no resistance—only Iranian and Brotherhood-affiliated terrorists, blood merchants, and mafia-like criminals from top to bottom.
In regards to Lebanon’s bright future after the Hezbollah’s era is over, the next president must renounce all ties to this so-called resistance and after bringing Hezbollah’s leaders to justice for their countless crimes, they must be deported to Iran.
God curse this fraudulent resistance and its leaders Iranian masters. Without any doubt, the mullahs are leading to death everyone connected to Hezbollah, down to the last one of them.
Lebanon has long been under Hezbollah’s mere control, now is the time to reclaim the state, restore its sovereignty, and eliminate Hezbollah’s grip.
As for the silence of certain Christian leaders, like the pharaonic “Abu al-Hul,” it is disgraceful and a complete betrayal. Silence, in this case, is the behavior of the dead.
*The author, Elias Bejjani, is a Lebanese expatriate activist
Author’s Email: Phoenicia@hotmail.com
Author’s Website: http://www.eliasbejjaninews.com

Elias Bejjani/Text & Video: The End of Iran’s Reign of Terror and Hezbollah's Demise
Elias Bejjani/October 06/2024
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/10/135390/I strongly recommend watching the five enclosed interviews posted on my website, https://eliasbejjaninews.com/. These interviews are crucial as they reveal the trajectory of the region, culminating in the conclusion that the mission of the criminal, repressive Iranian Mullah regime is nearing its end. This regime, having served its role as the Western alliance’s boogeyman, has frightened the Sunni Arab world into accepting Israel. Every Arab nation has now recognized Israel, viewing Iran as the true existential threat. Even Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince has publicly acknowledged that Israel could be a potential ally.
The anticipated event, either today or tomorrow, will be a massive Israeli military strike against Iran, backed by international Western (NATO) forces and with Arab blessings under the table. This attack will mark the first anniversary of Hamas's barbaric jihadist invasion on October 7 last year, restoring Israel’s deterrence and balance of power, as Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu promised. Netanyahu declared just yesterday that Israel will strike Iran, shift the regional balance, and obliterate Hezbollah by force, stripping it of its weapons once and for all.
Lebanon’s Political Puppetry
Anyone counting on Nabih Berri, the Speaker of the Lebanese Parliament, to lead the efforts aiming to restore Lebanon’s sovereignty and independence is as deluded as someone hoping a wolf will guard sheep. Berri is nothing more than a polished puppet of Hezbollah—a terrorist entity at its core and a servant of Iran, disguised with a necktie to further deceive the people. Berri, along with his Amal Movement and all other Shiite authorities, was militarily defeated and eliminated during the "Iqlim al-Tuffah" battle (March 1988) under Iranian orders, with Syrian backing and Israeli assistance.
As for Najib Mikati, Lebanon's current PM, he’s nothing but a hypocritical merchant whose shameful history and betrayal exposes his consistent service to the Assad and Mullah regimes at Lebanon’s expense.
Regarding our Christian Maronite leaders in particular, and Christians in general, it’s tragic that they have become nothing more than spineless, politically and nationally emasculated traders, much like the traitorous disciple who sold Christ to be crucified for 30 pieces of silver. These are the worst leaders we’ve seen in 1,400 years of our history, with no exceptions, whether civilians or clergy. Among the worst is Samir Geagea, whose  shameful silence throughout the ongoing Israel-Hezbollah war has been deafening, even as he prevents his supporters from expressing their views and concerns. Sadly, his supporters are stupidly accepting the role of sheep.
In regards to former President Michel Aoun and his corrupt son-in-law, Gebran Bassil, they are both a disgrace, and their pitiful status reflects that of the rest of the politicians and the heads of the commercial, narcissistic political parties. Sadly, our beloved Lebanon today is devoid of any national leadership, both religious and political, which is unsurprising given that the Palestinian, Syrian, and Iranian occupations since the 1970s have neutered the political and religious class and molded them to serve their interests.
The Path to Lebanon's Liberation
The salvation of Lebanon will not come from the hands of the current leaders, parties, or politicians who handed it over to foreign occupations, betrayed its people, conspired against it, robbed its bank deposits, displaced and humiliated its citizens, and reduced themselves to tools and empty puppets.
Lebanon’s solution lies in placing it under the guardianship of the United Nations Security Council, enforcing international resolutions—namely the Armistice Agreement, Resolution 1559, 1701, and 1680—by force under Chapter VII, with the aim of rehabilitating the Lebanese people to govern themselves.
In the same context, Former Minister Youssef Salameh’s predictions in an interview conducted with him yesterday are highly plausible in light of the ongoing war between Israel, Iran, Hezbollah, and their other terrorist proxies: He loudly with confidence and proves said:
The world western powers dealt with Hassan Nasrallah the same way they did with Bashir Gemayel, Rafic Hariri, and Kamal Jumblatt—the four were assassinated after their roles were finished. This historical reality supports the reasoning behind Nasrallah’s eventual elimination.
The Iranian Revolutionary Guard was created by NATO to divide Sunnis and Shiites, forcing the Sunnis to recognize Israel, which is precisely what happened. Hezbollah’s role has ended, and Nasrallah has been eliminated as a result.
Iran is not a strong state and does not wield significant influence on the international stage, not even in determining Nasrallah’s fate. Its regime’s collapse is inevitable now that its purpose has been exhausted.
Militarily unbalanced wars, such as the one Hezbollah and Hamas are waging against Israel, are suicidal endeavors, which is the current reality.
What protects Lebanon from Israel is the international system, not Hezbollah’s so-called resistance lie and heresy.
Lebanon must move toward peace with Israel, just like every other Arab nation.
There will be no compromise on Lebanon’s sovereignty and independence. The concept of "resistance" is obsolete, and no state can exist within the shadow of a militia.
Walid Jumblatt’s daily bizarre stances are circumstantial, and his support for Hezbollah does not reflect the Druze community’s stance, which opposes Hezbollah.
Hassan Nasrallah has always been alienated from Lebanon’s national entity, calling for an Islamic state and proudly declaring himself a soldier of Iran’s Supreme Leader, loyal to the Iranian regime.
The assassination of Nasrallah signifies the end of a regional era—the Mullah regime and its tentacles, including Hezbollah.
The era of Shiites political dominance in Lebanon is over, and Lebanon is on the path to sovereignty, freedom, and independence.

Senior Hezbollah leader Wafiq Safa in 'critical condition' after IAF strike in Beirut - report
Jerusalem Post/October 11/2024
Wafiq Safa "was seriously injured and is in critical condition," the sources claimed. Senior Hezbollah security official Wafiq Safa was critically wounded during a Thursday Israel Air Force strike on Beirut, sources told Sky News Arabic on Friday. Safa "was seriously injured and is in critical condition," the sources claimed. According to Israeli media, the Israeli military conducted two airstrikes on the Hezbollah stronghold of Dahieh in the Lebanese capital on Thursday in an attack that reportedly aimed to eliminate the Hezbollah leader. Safa is Hebollah's Liaison and Coordination Unit head. Israeli media reports also noted that Safa serves as Hebollah's Liaison and Coordination Unit head. Subsequently, Sky News Arabic on Thursday reported that a security source claimed Safa "was injured but is still alive." Three security sources told Reuters the same thing on Thursday.
On Friday morning, CNN Arabic, citing a Lebanese security source, reported that the Israeli airstrike targeting Safa had demolished a residential building.

Halevi: 'We will not stop until we return residents to the North'
Jerusalem Post/October 11/2024
"On a peaceful border, defense is on one side; on a wartime border, defense must be on both sides of the border with freedom of action," Shin Bet Chief Ronen Bar said. In a joint assessment meeting between IDF Chief of Staff Lieutenant-General Herzi Halevi and ISA (Shin Bet) head Ronen Bar on Thursday on developments in southern Lebanon, Halevi vowed to bring northern Israeli communities home, Israeli media reported. The assessment meeting was held with the commander of the Northern Command, the commander of Division 91, and several other commanders. "We will not stop until we can return residents safely [to the North]," Halevi said. He added, "If anyone considers rebuilding these villages again, they will know that it's not worth constructing terrorist infrastructure because the IDF will neutralize them again. We are operating across all arenas, both in the Beqaa Valley and in Beirut, north and south of the Litani, and all these efforts are working very effectively. What you are doing here is the most important component for returning the residents. " Israel's multi-front war. Halevi also discussed another major arena in the current war: the Gaza Strip, and the seven divisions operating between the south, center, and north. “We continue to operate against the enemy and will not stop until we ensure that we can safely return the residents, not just now, but with a future outlook." The statements also emphasized the importance of the holiday season and the IDF's desire for Israel to observe it safely. Ronen Bar, Director of the Shin Bet, said: “The State of Israel cannot protect its residents from terrorists solely with shopping mall security guards, nor defend against rockets only by building shelters. The solution must be found in the terrorists' nests and production lines."He added, "On a peaceful border, defense is on one side; on a wartime border, defense must be on both sides of the border with freedom of action. In the last few years, we have seen Hamas entrench itself in Lebanon, and this will intensify as they move out of Gaza and their focus shifts here." "We will continue to pursue them everywhere. We will always remember the massacre of October 7th, and we will ensure they remember the lesson of October 8th”.

WATCH: Israel Air Force strike eliminates Hezbollah Radwan Force commander Araeb el Shoga
Jerusalem Post/October 11/2024
https://images.wcdn.co.il/f_auto,q_auto,w_1200,t_54,f_webp/3/7/8/4/3784216-46.jpg
A series of explosions that followed airstrikes on terror structures led the military to identify additional weaponry hiding nearby. Israel Air Force fighter jets carried out an attack on terror infrastructure in southern Lebanon and eliminated Hezbollah terrorist Araeb el Shoga on Friday morning, the IDF announced.
Al-Shaja'a was an anti-tank commander in Hezbollah's Radwan Forces’ Anti-tank Missile Unit in Meiss El Jabal, southern Lebanon, and was responsible for constant anti-tank fire toward northern Israel, the military stated. The military also reportedly identified and struck a launcher that was prepared to fire toward Israeli territory and IDF troops. IAF and IDF ground soldiers carry out effective strikes on terror infrastructure IDF ground troops also worked in conjunction with the air force to strike nearby terrorists operating inside a structure adjacent to the IDF's operational points, the military said. This strike led to several other secondary explosions in terror infrastructure nearby, indicating the presence of large quantities of weapons and explosives nearby, the IDF continued.This reportedly led to further strikes on terror infrastructure

US Draws Roadmap to Disarm Lebanon’s Hezbollah
Washington : Ali Barada/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024
The United States has drawn a roadmap to end the war between Israel and Lebanon’s Hezbollah, calling for the group's withdrawal from the border area and its disarmament. Ambassador Robert Wood, US Alternative Representative for Special Political Affairs, told the Security Council on Thursday that “for the diplomatic resolution to be durable, the parties must fully implement Resolution 1701,” which calls for Hezbollah’s withdrawal from the border area and the deployment of the Lebanese army in southern Lebanon. The Council’s emergency meeting was called by France. Wood called for enforcing an arms embargo and “taking steps to help ensure that Iran does not resupply what remains of its terrorist proxy.” He urged “Lebanon’s political leaders set aside their differences and assemble a government that responds to the needs of the Lebanese people.”“In other words: The solution to this crisis is a not a weaker Lebanon. It’s a strong and truly sovereign Lebanon, protected by a legitimate security force,” the Ambassador added. Wood urged the international community to condemn Iran “for undermining Lebanon’s sovereignty,” saying “we must be prepared to impose severe costs on Iran for flouting this Council’s resolutions.” The UN political chief called the international community’s failure to stop escalating military action in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria “damning” and warned that the region is “dangerously teetering on the brink of an all-out war.”Undersecretary-General Rosemary DiCarlo told the emergency meeting of the Security Council that every effort must be made now “to reverse this cycle of violence and bring Lebanon and Israel – and the region – back from the brink of catastrophe.” In Lebanon, she said, Hezbollah militants and other armed groups must stop firing rockets and missiles into Israel, and Israel must stop bombing Lebanon and withdraw its ground forces. As for Lebanon's acting UN Ambassador Hadi Hachem, he told the Council that the country is fully committed to the French-American initiative for a 21-day cease-fire “during which we can settle outstanding border issues.”He accused Israel of agreeing to the initiative “before reneging on it and escalating its aggression.”

Hochstein: Washington Is Working 'Day and Night' to Reach a Ceasefire in Lebanon
This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Hochstein in an interview with MTV. ©source: MTV
US envoy Amos Hochstein said on Friday that the US administration has been working “day and night” to achieve a ceasefire as soon as possible in Lebanon. Speaking in an interview with MTV, he revealed that coordination is underway with the Lebanese government and the army commander in order “to reach what the people want” through the election of a president and the formation of a new government. Hochstein made clear that resolution 1701 is “the foundation” to build a better future for Lebanon. He stressed that work should be done not only to enforce Resolution1701, but to make sure that all its provisions are duly implemented. Hochstein commented on Thursday’s raid on Beirut in which 22 people were killed and more than 100 injured, saying that it was “devastating.” He pointed out that he is seeking a cessation of military operations. He also emphasized that the United States has not given any green light for Israel’s ground operation in Lebanon. The American envoy concluded by stressing that the Lebanese president must be chosen by the Lebanese themselves, and that it is time for Lebanon to be able to make decisions on its own and in its interest, independently of international influences.

Two Soldiers Killed in South Lebanon Amid Ongoing Israeli Raids
This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Two Lebanese army soldiers were killed and three were injured on Friday in an Israeli airstrike next to an army checkpoint in the town of Kfar Yatar in south Lebanon, an army statement said. The attack blocked the road and ambulance teams encountered difficulties in evacuating the wounded. Israeli fighter jets carried out relentless raids targeting several south Lebanese villages, including the town of Naqoura, where the headquarters of the UN peacekeeping force, UNIFIL, is located. Also on Friday, two UN peacekeepers were wounded in two explosions near their observation tower, the second such incident in 24 hours, perpetrated by the Israeli army. Moreover, Israeli artillery shelling on the village of Jibshit killed four persons in a building which was completely destroyed. Warplanes also struck villages in the districts of Tyre and Nabatieh, where casualties were reported. An Israeli drone attacked the Civil Defense Center in the town of Tayr Dibba, without causing casualties. In Beirut, a cautious calmed prevailed after the Israeli airstrike that targeted Al-Nuwairi, Ras al-Nabaa and al-Basta neighborhoods in the heart of Beirut on Thursday. Israeli spy drones flew intensely and at a low altitude all day over the Lebanese capital.
While rubble removal operations continued in search of survivors, the Health Ministry said the death toll of yesterday’s attack is 22 and more than 117 wounded. In the Beqaa region in east Lebanon, Israeli warplanes launched two airstrikes on the town of Karak and one on the town of Budai, west of Baalbeck, resulting in a preliminary death toll of five people. Two people were also wounded and one is missing. A raid was also reported on Hosh al-Sayyed on the border between Lebanon and Syria, as well as other villages in the area. For their part, Hezbollah announced “targeting a gathering of Israeli soldiers in and around the Yiftah barracks with a large rocket barrage.”The pro-Iranian group also claimed responsibility for bombing “technical equipment placed on a crane at the Abad site with a guided missile, scoring direct hits.”Additionally, Hezbollah declared “targeting gatherings of Israeli soldiers in the Kfarsold settlement with a large rocket salvo,” and “launching an aerial attack with a squadron of drones on the air defense command base in Kiryat Eliezer in Haifa.”Israeli media reported that a building in the industrial zone in Kiryat Bialik in Haifa Bay was directly hit by rockets fired from Lebanon.
Two people were injured by an anti-tank missile in the town of Yaroun in the Upper Galilee, while rockets fired from Lebanon fell in the Krayot area in Haifa Bay, according to Israeli media.They also reported that “about 30 rockets were fired from southern Lebanon towards the Galilee since Friday morning.”

Nawraj: Solidarity in the Face of War

Yara Germany/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
The NGO Nawraj has been supporting Lebanese people affected by the war since October 8, 2023. In addition to providing emergency aid to displaced individuals, Nawraj also assists those who have remained in their homes. To continue supporting the 2,300 families it is committed to, Nawraj is appealing for solidarity from everyone. To support Nawraj: +961 76 406 838 / nawraj@nawraj.org - info@nawraj.org

Meerab Rises Above the Clamor of War
Bassam Abou Zeid/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
At the forthcoming conference in Meerab (Lebanese Forces Headquarters), the statements delivered will be of paramount importance, regardless of the nature and level of attendance. According to sources within the Lebanese Forces (LF) this conference will provide a strategic roadmap for Lebanese patriots to reclaim their homeland. If these plans are implemented, salvation will be within reach; however, if they are overlooked and overshadowed by the “axis of war and combat”, peace will remain out of grasp. In April, a conference was held at the Lebanese Forces headquarters in Meerab to advocate for the implementation of Resolution 1701. This initiative drew swift criticism from both allies and opponents, with many questioning how such a topic could arise amidst the “Gaza support front” declared by Hezbollah against the Israeli Army at the southern border. Subsequent events have confirmed the validity of the LF position. Today, the application of resolution 1701, which has become a central issue, is requested by all. On Saturday, October 12, another conference will take place in Meerab under the theme 'Defending Lebanon.' There's no doubt that parochial quarrels will resurface on this occasion, at the risk of overshadowing the essential issue: the fate of Lebanon and the Lebanese. Critics may assert to the LF, “Now is not the time to focus on defending Lebanon,” while others will ask, “Why does the LF seek to lead this movement?” Some will even go so far as to downplay the importance of this conference, doubting its outcome. Furthermore, some will once again accuse the LF of treason, collaboration and alignment with Israel, challenging their audacity to advocate for Lebanon's defense through the establishment of a legitimate State that governs the fate and decision-making of the country and its citizens.
LF sources stress that the current circumstances are a great opportunity for anyone who genuinely cares about Lebanon and its citizens to advocate unequivocally and fearlessly for the necessity of establishing a State. This step is vital to prevent the recurrence of the tragedies that the Lebanese people are enduring today. Simply calling for the implementation of Resolution 1701 is inadequate for the time being; what is urgently required is the implementation of Resolutions 1559 and 1680, providing for the disarmament of Lebanese and Palestinian militias.
Any attempt to revive the debate on a defense strategy, or any other formula whose main purpose is to by-pass the State and undermine its role, is now unacceptable and must be rejected by all Lebanese. Furthermore, the presence of illegitimate military forces is intolerable; the only entity entitled to possess and procure weapons for the protection of Lebanon is the Lebanese Army. The LF emphasized that those who evade this responsibility under various pretexts are often the very individuals who fear confronting challenges for the sake of the nation and its citizens. By prioritizing their personal interests over the collective good of Lebanon, they bear responsibility for the ongoing loss of lives, injuries, destruction, and displacement.

More UNIFIL Injuries in Israeli Shelling for the Second Day

This is Beirut/October 11/2024
UN peacekeepers in south Lebanon were targeted by the Israeli army on Friday, the second time in 48 hours, resulting in additional injuries among the multinational force. A statement by UNIFIL, indicated that “two peacekeepers were injured in two explosions close to their observation tower.”“One was taken to a hospital in Tyre, while the second is receiving treatment at UNIFIL’s headquarters in Naqoura,” the statement said. “An Israeli army caterpillar hit the perimeter causing several T-walls to fall, at our position in Labbouneh,” the statement added, pointing out that “these incidents put again UN peacekeepers at very serious risk.”UNIFIL also made clear that “this is a serious development,” reiterating “that the safety and security of UN personnel and property must be guaranteed.”“Any deliberate attack on peacekeepers is a grave violation of international humanitarian law and Security Council resolution 1701 (2006)” the statement concluded. On Thursday, UNIFIL declared in a statement that “the Israeli army targeted a guard tower of the International Emergency Force,” at the force’s headquarters in Naqoura. “Two peacekeepers were injured after an Israeli Merkava tank fired at an observation tower at UNIFIL headquarters in Naqoura,” it said in a statement. Additionally, the international force accused the Israeli army of “repeatedly shelling” their headquarters in Naqoura and neighboring positions.

Contributing Countries React to Incidents Targeting UNIFIL
This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Irish Foreign Minister Michael Martin denounced on Friday “the alleged attack by Israeli forces which left two UN peacekeepers wounded” and charged that Israel was becoming “increasingly hostile to UN troops.”In parallel, Irish Prime Minister, Simon Harris, had expressed his “deep concern” at the reports but Martin went further describing the incident as “a quite shocking extraordinary development.” “The Israeli army's animosity towards UN forces and positions has significantly increased,” he continued, emphasizing that “what happened over the last 48 hours is completely unacceptable.” Additionally, Martin urged the international community to “really put down a marker to Israel that this is unacceptable behavior,” while speaking to media in southwest Ireland. It is noteworthy that of the 10,000 personnel in the UNIFIL forces, tasked with preserving calm in the southern part of Lebanon, 347 are from Ireland.
In a related development France’s Quai d’Orsay, or Foreign Ministry, said it had summoned Israel’s ambassador to France following the fresh offensive by the Israeli army on UNIFIL. The Ministry declared in a statement that “these attacks constitute serious violations of international law and must cease immediately.”It further stated, “the Israeli ambassador to France is being called to the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs today in order for the Israeli authorities to provide an explanation.” Two Blue Helmets were injured on Thursday by Israeli fire at UNIFIL's headquarters in southern Lebanon, according to the UN peacekeeping organization in the country. On Friday, UNIFIL also declared that two other peacekeepers were injured after two explosions close to their observation tower. France contributes some 700 troops to UNIFIL.

Berri's Statement: An Attempt to Bury Resolution 1559?
Natasha Metni Torbey/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
For Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, UN Security Council Resolution 1559 seems to be a thing of the past. This is what the head of the legislature stated in an interview on Thursday night with the local TV channel Al-Jadeed, saying that 1559 is “behind us,” and that “the only international resolution” on the agenda is “1701.” This statement has sparked numerous reactions in political circles, leading to various questions. What are the underlying stakes of Berri's statement? Is he seeking to definitively turn the page on Resolution 1559? Is he genuinely planning to implement 1701? Since its adoption, Resolution 1559 has been a major point of contention in Lebanon, particularly on the issue of Hezbollah's disarmament. For the allies of the pro-Iranian group, including the Amal movement led by Berri, this resolution is viewed as international interference aimed at weakening a key actor in the resistance against Israel. Moreover, Hezbollah's supporters argue that the armed organization remains necessary to defend Lebanon against threats from Israel. “For the Speaker of the House, insisting on Resolution 1559 today no longer has practical meaning, since one of the main goals of this resolution (the Syrian withdrawal) has been achieved,” notes a political analyst who requested anonymity. However, “the issue of Hezbollah's disarmament remains not only unresolved but has also lost its centrality in international discussions, especially after the 2006 war and the adoption of Resolution 1701,” the analyst continues. By making such statements, Berri is seeking, according to the analyst, to “shift focus away from this explosive issue to maintain Lebanon's relative stability and avoid reopening a debate that could further polarize the country.” In other words, he is initially trying to “reassure Hezbollah by avoiding confrontation on this issue, in order to gain gradual concessions from them regarding the implementation of 1701,” the analyst explains. As an ally of Hezbollah, and if one follows this logic, Berri is therefore in a delicate position, attempting to strike a balance between international pressure and Lebanon's internal dynamics. “If he wants to ease international tensions and avoid direct confrontations with Israel, he must send positive signals regarding the implementation of Resolution 1701,” says the analyst. Does his speech, then, reflect a desire to shift the debate toward more pragmatic and immediate issues, such as managing tensions with Israel within the framework of 1701? Would Hezbollah, whose position and capabilities have significantly strengthened since 2006, be willing to make concessions on its military role under a strict application of the resolution?
While Berri has recently made his position clear in favor of a ceasefire and the implementation of 1701 (which explicitly references 1559), opposition forces caution against taking this at face value.
On October 1, Berri revealed his support for a ceasefire and the implementation of 1701 after meeting with caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati in Ain el-Tineh. A similar scenario unfolded two days later, following a meeting that brought together the heads of the legislative and executive branches with the former leader of the Progressive Socialist Party (PSP), Walid Joumblatt. However, according to opposition forces, when Berri speaks of implementing 1701, he means “a return to the situation that existed before October 7 (the date of Hamas' offensive against Israel, ed.),” that is, a partial implementation of the resolution without a total disarmament of Hezbollah. “Berri wants to send a message by declaring that 1559 is ‘behind us:’ that the implementation of 1701 will not be possible either,” says Charles Jabbour, head of communications of the Lebanese Forces (LF). “However, this is an international resolution, and it is not up to the Speaker of the House to decide its fate, especially when we know that if 1701 had been respected, we would not be where we are today,” he insists. “This is why we will reiterate tomorrow, from Meerab, where we are set to meet with opposition MPs, our commitment to Resolutions 1559 and 1701, and to electing a President of the Republic who can ensure the full implementation of these texts,” he adds.
Resolution 1559, adopted in 2004, called for the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon, the dismantling of all militias, including Hezbollah, and the organization of free elections. While the Syrian withdrawal was achieved in 2005, Hezbollah’s disarmament was never implemented.
Resolution 1701 was adopted in 2006 to end the 33-day war between Hezbollah and Israel. It aimed to regulate the cessation of hostilities between the parties involved in the conflict, to ensure the presence of the Lebanese army in southern Lebanon, and to facilitate the expanded deployment of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) in the region, as well as to impose an arms embargo on Lebanon. However, 1701 has also never been fully implemented, although it has helped maintain a certain degree of apparent stability for 18 years.
The Weaknesses of 1559 and 1701
While Berri continues to call for the implementation of 1701, Kesrwan MP and Kataeb Party Vice-President Salim el-Sayegh believes that 1701, in its current form, “is no longer sufficient and does not match the current reality.” According to him, UNIFIL has failed in its mission, as it has not managed to prevent Israeli aircraft from flying over Lebanese territory nor to stop the rebuilding of Hezbollah's military infrastructure in the south of the country. “We suddenly discover that there is an extensive underground network built under the pretext of defending Lebanon and preventing an Israeli attack. This is tangible proof that UNIFIL was only observing what was happening without taking action,” says Sayegh.
“This is why we are calling today for an enhanced resolution, especially since 1559 did not provide a concrete plan for its full implementation, and the Lebanese state neither had an action plan nor the national unity required to disarm the militias,” he continues.
Furthermore, since it is not based on Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, Resolution 1559 has remained declarative, lacking the binding force of resolutions typically issued by the Security Council.
There are two types of resolutions the Security Council can adopt: those based on Chapter 7 of the aforementioned Charter, and those based on Chapter 6. In the first case, resolutions have a binding character as they relate to matters of international peace and security. If a state fails to apply them voluntarily or through economic sanctions, the Security Council can intervene, sometimes using military force. In the second case, which includes 1559, the resolutions are not immediately enforceable.
“Resolution 1701 does not provide a roadmap for implementing 1559. It merely mentions it and leaves it to the Lebanese parties, with international support, to address the issue of Hezbollah’s arms,” notes Sayegh. Regarding its binding nature, the MP interviewed by This Is Beirut (TIB) says, “1701 is generally, but not explicitly, based on Chapter 7, but it is more accurately placed under Chapter 6 and therefore has a semi-coercive mandate.” For it to be fully binding, “interpretative declarations from the Security Council member states are needed to extend the application of 1701 throughout Lebanese territory and thus implement 1559.”For now, it seems that maintaining the status quo is preferred, awaiting both the outcomes of ongoing but slow-moving negotiations and the results of the US elections scheduled for next November. In the meantime, the Israeli Prime Minister continues his mission to eliminate Hezbollah by “razing” areas in Lebanon that pose a threat to his country’s security.

PM Mikati: Hezbollah Agrees to Implement Resolution 1701; Diplomatic Solution on the Table
This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati announced on Friday, following the Cabinet session at the Grand Serail, that "the Cabinet has decided, at the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to submit a request to the Security Council for an immediate ceasefire and the implementation of Resolution 1701."He affirmed, "A diplomatic solution is on the table, and Hezbollah, as a partner in the government, agrees to implement Resolution 1701."Mikati clarified that the government is "preparing a comprehensive Lebanese file for the Paris Conference on October 24, with a focus on the urgent necessity of a ceasefire." He emphasized, "We are committed to our rights and land, and we have repeatedly affirmed Lebanon's adherence to Resolution 1701 in international forums," adding that "what is happening is completely unacceptable." The Prime Minister pointed out that "the assault on UNIFIL by the Israeli army is a crime that we condemn and should be addressed by the international community, whose sanctity is being violated."Regarding the presidential elections, he stressed "the urgent need to elect a president for the republic as soon as possible."Regarding displaced Lebanese and property damage, Mikati apologized "to the Lebanese for any shortcomings," affirming that the government is doing "everything possible." He noted that "the relevant ministers are taking steps to implement what is feasible," stressing that "the constitution protects private property and cannot be violated." He assured that matters at the airport, borders, and ports are proceeding as they should.

Hezbollah’s Unexpected Vulnerabilities from Syrian Conflict Involvement
This is Beirut/October 11/2024
By leveraging the vulnerabilities created by Hezbollah's participation in the Syrian war, Israeli intelligence has dealt painful blows to the organization, including targeted assassinations and the dramatic "pager" operation. After decades of unresolved military confrontations, Israel seems to have gained the upper hand over Hezbollah since September 1. The killing of prominent leaders within the pro-Iranian militia, with the most high-profile being the assassination of Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, signals a major shift in Israel's strategy and the power dynamics. These targeted operations have been facilitated by a marked improvement in Israel’s intelligence capabilities. In the 2006 war, Israel made several unsuccessful attempts to eliminate Nasrallah. However, on the evening of Friday, September 27, the Israeli Army succeeded in locating the Hezbollah leader in a bunker beneath an apartment complex in southern Beirut.
Israeli media reports indicate that as many as 80 bombs were dropped on the site to ensure he would not survive. “We will reach everyone, everywhere,” asserted the pilot of the F-15 fighter jet involved in the operation, as reported by Israeli media.
The Syrian predicament
Hezbollah's involvement in the Syrian conflict alongside Bashar al-Assad's regime has been a key factor in Israel’s intelligence gathering. Through its involvement in Syria, Hezbollah has had to broaden its operations, which has expanded its organizational structure and potentially created vulnerabilities in its internal security. Israeli intelligence services have capitalized on this cross-border expansion to infiltrate the group and collect crucial information. Israeli officials recently disclosed that the war in Syria has generated a massive amount of publicly accessible data. The “martyr portrait posters” displayed by Hezbollah to commemorate its fallen fighters are believed to have offered insights into the fighters’ origins, the locations of their deaths, and their social media networks. Moreover, the funerals of Hezbollah members often attract high-ranking officials, providing intelligence services with unprecedented opportunities for surveillance. A former senior Lebanese official, quoted by The Financial Times, indicated that Hezbollah’s support for Assad has resulted in increased vulnerability to foreign intelligence services. “They (Hezbollah) had to expose themselves in Syria,” he said, emphasizing that the group had to cooperate with Syrian and Russian intelligence services, which are often infiltrated or monitored by Western agencies.
The Use of Technology for Intelligence Purposes
Israel has simultaneously benefited from its growing technological superiority. With spy satellites, advanced drones, and sophisticated cyber-espionage capabilities, Israeli intelligence services have been able to monitor and assess Hezbollah's movements with unprecedented precision.
Unit 8200, specializing in electronic and digital intelligence, has played a crucial role in intercepting communications and infiltrating various communication devices. The algorithms developed by Unit 9900 have enabled the processing of terabytes of images and data to detect even the smallest changes, such as the emergence of new structures or changes in Hezbollah members' routines. By monitoring the movement patterns and communications of Hezbollah fighters, Israel has been able to effectively identify and target high-ranking officials within the group. The “pager” attack is a striking example of this technological sophistication. By sabotaging thousands of pagers used by Hezbollah members, Israel managed to cause severe injuries and permanent disabilities among Hezbollah fighters, while sowing confusion within the pro-Iranian group. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has made it clear that operations against Hezbollah will persist. “We have damaged and weakened Hezbollah, but it remains a serious threat,” he stated. For the much weakened pro-Iranian group, the challenge will be to reorganize and restructure its leadership while facing mounting international pressure to disarm and the Israeli Army's ground operations in southern Lebanon. Its involvement in the Syrian military conflict, which was originally intended to bolster its regional position, has unexpectedly revealed vulnerabilities that have ultimately proven fatal for the group.

Israel-Hezb: Between Moralistic Stance and Strategic Challenge
Michel Touma/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
It could simply be media posturing, but the reality is that news outlets and social media networks continue to circulate reports of proposed truces or ceasefires. A halt to hostilities, or at least a pause in the ongoing military escalation, would certainly be timely — especially when considering the humanitarian crisis triggered by Hezbollah’s unilateral move to reignite the southern Lebanon front after more than 17 years of relative calm on the southern border. So a ceasefire, but on what terms? At this point, it’s crucial to differentiate between a purely moral stance — entirely legitimate — and the broader macro-political and strategic stakes at play. These are two distinct lenses for judgment, and conflating them risks dragging civilians back into the same tragic situation against their will. Understanding the nuance between these two approaches is vital to avoid repeating the same mistakes. A recurring theme in the statements of senior local and international leaders is the urgent need to return to the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701, adopted in August 2006 to end the war that Hezbollah, once again unilaterally and without clear cause, initiated on July 12, 2006 under the close watch of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards. In light of the current situation, it is crucial to recall the true substance of Resolution 1701.The 2006 UN resolution extends beyond a conventional ceasefire; while the cessation of hostilities is an important aspect, it is not the primary focus. The resolution also explicitly prohibits any illegal armed presence south of the Litani River, within the UNIFIL zone, and forbids the storage of ammunition and military arsenals in that area.
Most importantly, all countries were explicitly urged to refrain from transporting arms and munitions to illegal organizations. A naval unit, commanded by German officers from UNIFIL, was established to monitor maritime traffic at the entrance to Lebanese ports to prevent arms smuggling. Additionally, Resolution 1701 reinforces the implementation of prior resolutions 1559 (passed in 2004) and 1680 (passed in 2006), which call for the disarmament of all militias, including Hezbollah, the demarcation of the borders between Lebanon and Syria, and the extension of the Lebanese government's authority over all its territory. It also emphasizes the need for strict respect for Lebanon's sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity, and political independence under the exclusive authority of the Lebanese government throughout the country.
Wilayat al-faqih obliges: beyond the ceasefire, Hezbollah has systematically ignored and undermined various provisions of Resolution 1701. The pro-Iranian party has exerted total control over the land borders with Syria, facilitating the supply of weapons and ammunition, along with large-scale smuggling operations that have drained the public treasury. Concurrently, the party's military apparatus has clandestinely reestablished its presence in southern regions, particularly near the Israeli border, while actively obstructing UNIFIL's operations through aggressive actions carried out by "locals" under false pretenses.
This meticulous sabotage resulted in a militia fait accompli, creating fertile ground for the outbreak of conflict instigated by the armed wing of the Pasdaran on October 8, 2023. The unspoken goal was to provide the mullahs' regime in Tehran with an additional bargaining chip in its negotiations with the United States. The precedents set by the wars and conflicts initiated by Hezbollah in April 1996, July 2006, and October 2023 (excluding the episodes of 2008 and 2011) highlight the ongoing actions of the pro-Iranian party. Most importantly, they underscore the fallacy of any ceasefire that is not backed by a strict and effective mechanism for the full implementation of all Security Council resolutions regarding the disbandment of militias and the restoration of sovereignty and authority throughout the country. Although solidarity with displaced civilians is undoubtedly crucial, the top priority must be the implementation of concrete and stringent measures to prevent the populations of southern Lebanon, the Beirut suburbs, and the Beqaa from being pulled into another futile war in the future — one whose complexities and consequences they may not fully grasp.

OP-EDClass Hatred Veiled in Humanitarianism
Johnny Kortbawi/This is Beirut/October 11/2024
Class hatred runs deep in Lebanon, and it's a reality that no one can deny. This stems from the country's unresolved economic identity. In the capital, liberals who champion free-market economics coexist with the remnants of old communists, who are still committed to the ideals of social justice from the days of Lenin and Trotsky. In this singular capital, social stratification erupted a few years ago during the October 17 events known as the ‘Thawra,’ with each faction invoking different justifications for their anger. On one side, leftist groups revolted against banks despite investigations revealing that many individuals who vandalized ATMs and shattered bank windows did not even hold bank accounts. Thus, their actions seemed driven solely by class hatred. On the other side, they targeted locations they classified as public property, such as the Beirut Waterfront and the Yacht Club. They rely on the classification of coastal properties, unaware of the tax revenue that would accrue to the State if violations were addressed. Instead, they adopt this as a catchy slogan, much like many others. During that time, they set up roasted chickpeas and shishas along the yacht club's waterfront, proclaiming, “The beach belongs to us.”Five years later, class hatred flared up once again during the displacement crisis as individuals from various southern and Beqaa regions sought refuge in Beirut. This was evident in the encroachment on private properties, including homes and hotels, under the pretext of needing shelter. Some set up makeshift accommodations in public spaces, while others chose to sit in front of tourist attractions or upscale areas just meters away from the State-designated shelters. If this isn’t class hatred, then what truly qualifies as class hatred? Moreover, former MP Najah Wakim has resurfaced after years in the shadows, exploiting the targeting of a local official in his building in Cola to regain visibility. He has portrayed himself as both the target and a symbol of Beirut's resistance against Israel.Upon his triumphant return to screens desperate for guests, Wakim revived his class hatred, justifying the invasion of homes and hotels in Solidere. To avoid any misinterpretation, he explicitly stated, “Solidere is your right; reclaim it and house your children and families in its buildings,” addressing the displaced individuals from various regions. Class hatred is more dangerous than crises, as it starkly reveals a deep-seated lack of belonging to a respectable national identity. It transforms any effort to improve the economy into a narrative of opposition that implies citizens are being robbed in revenge against the needy. While this narrative exists in countries around the world, it receives extraordinary attention in Lebanon, bolstered by certain newly affluent celebrities who seek likes and media coverage, portraying themselves as champions of the oppressed. How absurd!

Southern European leaders want Lebanon's army to reassert itself in the country's south
Menelaos Hadjicostis/The Associated Press/October 11, 2024
The leaders of nine southern European Union countries on Friday pledged support for Lebanon’s armed forces to reassert control over the country’s southern territory in hopes of bringing peace to an area plagued by fighting between Israel and Hezbollah. In a joint declaration, the leaders of the so-called MED9 — Italy, Spain, France, Greece, Malta, Cyprus, Slovenia, Portugal and Croatia — said they would “continue advocating for further support to Lebanon and its people, including to the Lebanese Armed Forces which are called to play a critical stabilizing role.”“The unfolding situation in the Middle East is gravely alarming,” the declaration said. “In light of the reverberations of the Gaza conflict on the wider region, we express our extreme concern with the escalation of the military confrontation between Israel and Hezbollah.”French President Emmanuel Macron told a news conference that the return of the Lebanese armed forces to South Lebanon and the restoration of Lebanese sovereignty "are essential to its peace and stability.”Macron didn't specify what form that support would take, but said an Oct. 24 conference in the French capital would aim to ramp up aid deliveries to Lebanon as humanitarian crisis looms while helping to bolster the country's military and internal security forces. Ahead of that conference, Macron and Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni said a meeting of G7 defense ministers would also look at ways of assisting Lebanon's army to move into the south.
The EU leaders' declared support for Lebanon's armed forces comes as U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken spoke with his Saudi, Qatari and French counterparts about how the election of a new Lebanese president might reduce tensions in the Middle East by getting Hezbollah to move its forces away from Israel’s northern border. Meloni and Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez joined with Macron in condemning what the French president called Israel's “deliberate targeting” of soldiers belonging to a United Nations peacekeeping force in southern Lebanon (UNIFIL). France, Spain and Italy contribute troops to UNIFIL. “We condemn it, we do not tolerate it and we do not tolerate it happening again,” Macron said. Both Sánchez and his Slovenian counterpart Robert Golob backed Macron's call for a suspension of weapons deliveries to Israel in what they see as an effective way to de-escalate the wars in Lebanon and Gaza. “We haven’t sold weapons to Israel since the beginning of this war,” Sánchez said. “And the logic is simple. Without weapons there is no war.”Cypriot President Nikos Christodoulides, who hosted the meeting, said the leaders also discussed irregular migration, which he reiterated needs to be tackled at source — the migrants' countries of origin or the ones they transit through. Christodoulides said he would raise with other EU leaders in Brussels ways of “creating those conditions” within Syria — in collaboration with the United Nations refugee agency and other international partners — that would allow the return of Syrian refugees to their country. The Cypriot president said climate change was also on the agenda, underscoring the need for joint action in the Mediterranean region which he said is “particularly vulnerable." He added Cyprus reintroduced an initiative in collaboration with Jordan to set up a regional firefighting hub, with dedicated aircraft to be stationed on the island to respond to blazes in the eastern Mediterranean.

LF Organizes National Conference to Outline ‘Roadmap to Save Lebanon’
Beirut: Youssef Diab/October 11/2024
The Lebanese Forces party has called for a national conference to address the Israeli war on Lebanon. The conference, which will take place at the party’s headquarters in Maarab, aims to establish a political framework to halt the war, in cooperation with Arab nations and the international community, according to sources who spoke to Asharq Al-Awsat. The sources said invitations have been sent to opposition parties, independent MPs, and national figures, though key groups such as Hezbollah, the Amal Movement, and the Marada Movement have not been invited.
They also noted that the goal is to “create a roadmap to rescue Lebanon from the destruction caused by its involvement in the conflict and to alleviate the suffering of the Lebanese people, who have endured violence, displacement, and destruction.”
The conference will emphasize the need for peace, prosperity, and the reconstruction of Lebanon, reflecting the will of the majority of the Lebanese population who feel powerless in the face of ongoing turmoil, the sources stressed.
In remarks to Asharq Al-Awsat, a source within the LF said that the party has remained “strategically silent out of respect for the war’s victims” but now believes it is time to speak up. The party’s leader, Dr. Samir Geagea, will outline key solutions, including an immediate ceasefire, full implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701, and the urgent election of a president. These proposals are intended to appeal to both domestic and international audiences, including Iran and Israel, according to the same source.
The call for a conference follows an earlier initiative by opposition MPs, including those from the Lebanese Forces, which called for the Lebanese state to reclaim control, distance Lebanon from regional conflicts, and commit to a ceasefire and the full implementation of international resolutions. However, that initiative did not yield significant results. While there are no guarantees that the Maarab conference will lead to immediate solutions, the source in the LF said that the party is determined to push forward, pointing that a follow-up committee will be formed to engage with political forces in Lebanon and key international stakeholders, including the ambassadors of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.

Israeli Strikes Kill 22 in Beirut as Hezbollah’s Wafiq Safa Evades Assassination
Beirut: Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
Israeli strikes killed 22 people and injured more than 100 in central Beirut on Thursday, Lebanese authorities said, as a senior Hezbollah official evaded an Israeli assassination attempt in the city, according to three security sources. Wafiq Safa, who heads Hezbollah's liaison and coordination unit responsible for working with Lebanese security agencies, was targeted by Israel on Thursday night but survived, the security sources said. The Israeli strikes hit a densely packed residential neighborhood of apartment buildings and small shops in the heart of Beirut. Israel did not issue evacuation warnings ahead of the strikes and had not previously attacked the area. Lebanon's Health Ministry reported 22 people killed and 117 wounded. Among the dead was a family of eight, including three children, who had evacuated from the south, according to a security source. Reuters witnesses said at least one strike hit near a gas station and a thick column of smoke was visible. There was no immediate comment on the incident by Israel. After Israel killed a series of high-ranking Hezbollah officials in recent weeks, including top leader Hassan Nasrallah, Safa was among the few surviving senior figures as the group's upper echelons struggled to reorganize. The attempt to kill Safa, whose role merges security and political affairs, marked a widening of Israel's targets among Hezbollah officials, which previously focused on the group’s military commanders and top leaders.

UN peacekeepers in south Lebanon in crosshairs of Israel’s war on Hezbollah
The Associated Press/October 11, 2024
Israeli airstrikes hit the headquarters of the U.N. peacekeeping force and other positions in south Lebanon in recent days, drawing widespread condemnation from around the world. The force, known as UNIFIL, said new explosions hit its headquarters on Friday morning, injuring two peacekeepers, a day after Israeli forces struck the same position, injuring two others. As Israel escalates its campaign against Hezbollah in the south, the 10,000-strong peacekeeping force is increasingly in the crosshairs, highlighting the fragility of its personnel amid an expanding ground invasion by Israel. The attacks are taking place in the backdrop of worsening relations between Israel and the United Nations over the way Israel has conducted its war in Gaza. In an unprecedented move, Israel earlier this month said the U.N. chief was persona non grata in Israel, signaling a new low in relations.Here’s a look at the U.N. peacekeeping force in Lebanon and the latest developments:
What is UNIFIL?
The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon was created in 1978 to oversee the withdrawal of Israeli troops after Israel invaded and occupied south Lebanon. Israel invaded again in 1982, and it was not until 2000 that it withdrew from the country. In the absence of an agreed-upon border, the U.N. drew up a boundary between Lebanon and Israel known as the Blue Line, which UNIFIL monitors and patrols. The United Nations expanded UNIFIL’s original mission following the monthlong 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah, allowing peacekeepers to deploy along the Israeli border to monitor the cessation of hostilities between the two sides and patrol a buffer zone set up along the border. The force currently has some 10,000 peacekeepers stationed in south Lebanon drawn from around 50 countries. The troops patrol, monitor and report violations of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1701 which ended the 2006 fighting. The force also provides support to local communities.
What happened in the last two days?
On Thursday, UNIFIL said an Israeli tank “directly” fired on its headquarters in the town of Naqoura, knocking down an observation tower and injuring two Indonesian peacekeepers, who were hospitalized. It said its headquarters and nearby positions “have been repeatedly hit” and that Israel “deliberately” fired on and disabled the headquarters’ monitoring cameras. It also said the Israeli army fired on a nearby bunker where peacekeepers were sheltering. On Friday, UNIFIL said new explosions hit its headquarters, injuring two more peacekeepers, although it did not directly blame Israel. It also said an Israeli army bulldozer hit the perimeter of another of its positions in southern Lebanon while Israeli tanks moved nearby. The attacks drew global condemnation. Italy, which has about 1,000 soldiers deployed in south Lebanon, and France summoned the Israeli ambassadors in protest. Italy's defense minister said the attacks were possible “war crimes.” Human Rights Watch, in a statement, used similar language. Tensions between the two sides had been mounting for days. Earlier this month, Israel asked UNIFIL to move its personnel further north, which the peacekeeping force refused to do. “We won’t accept the justification that Israeli military forces had previously alerted UNIFIL that some of its bases had to be abandoned,” Defense Minister Guido Crosetto said Thursday at a press conference in Rome, calling the attacks “not an accident nor a mistake.”
What has Israel said?
The Israeli army has expressed deep concern over Thursday's incident and says it is conducting a thorough review at the highest levels of command to determine the details. On Friday, it said its soldiers were responding with fire to an immediate threat against them, adding that the army had instructed UNIFIL personnel to enter into protected spaces and remain there, hours before the incident. It also accused Hezbollah of deliberately operating near U.N. posts, thereby endangering their personnel. There have been several incidents during the current war where UNIFIL said that Israel had shot at patrol vehicles or shelled their positions. The United Nations peacekeeping force has had a troubled history with Israel. In 1996, during a 17-day Israeli offensive against Hezbollah, Israel shelled a United Nations compound near the village of Qana where hundreds of displaced civilians were sheltering. The attack killed 106 civilians, including at least 37 children. Four Fijian soldiers assigned to UNIFIL were seriously injured.
How does this affect the mission?
The Israeli military is asking that the peacekeeping force move 5 kilometers (3 miles) north to avoid being caught in the fighting between its troops and Hezbollah militants. That effectively would impede the peacekeeping force from doing its mission. The U.N. peacekeeping chief, Jean-Pierre Lacroix, told an emergency meeting of the U.N. Security Council Thursday that UNIFIL would not evacuate its personnel, but because of air and ground attacks they cannot conduct patrols. He said UNIFIL operations have virtually come to a halt since late September, when Israel expanded its campaign against Hezbollah in the south. “Peacekeepers have been confined to their bases with significant periods of time in shelter,” he said, adding that the security environment has also presented challenges for the resupply of fuel, food and water for U.N. positions. Later Thursday, Lacroix said 300 peacekeepers in frontline positions had been temporarily moved to larger bases, and that plans to move another 200 will depend on security conditions as the conflict escalates. He said UNIFIL had decided to reduce its footprint “at the most affected U.N. positions by 25%.”On Oct. 3, he told reporters that in some places in southern Lebanon, the number of peacekeepers had been reduced by about 20%. Nick Birnback, U.N. peacekeeping’s chief of strategic communications, said: “UNIFIL has remained in its positions along the Blue Line without interruption since its establishment.” The Italian minister also reiterated that a final decision on whether to stop the UNIFIL mission in southern Lebanon for security reasons is up to the U.N.

Israel's deadliest strike in central Beirut leaves Lebanese stunned as they dig through the rubble
Bassem Mroue/BEIRUT (AP)/October 11, 2024
Rescue workers searched through the rubble of a collapsed building in central Beirut on Friday morning, hours after two Israeli strikes hit the Lebanese capital, killing at least 22 people and wounding dozens. The air raid was the deadliest attack on central Beirut in over a year of war, hitting two residential buildings in neighborhoods that have swelled with displaced people fleeing Israeli bombardment elsewhere in the country. Hezbollah’s Al-Manar television and Israeli media said the strikes aimed to kill Wafiq Safa, a top security official with the group. Al-Manar said Safa was not in either building at the time. The Israeli military had no comment on the reports. Thursday night's strikes came as Israel escalates its campaign against Hezbollah with waves of heavy airstrikes across Lebanon and a ground invasion at the border, after a year of exchanges of fire between the two rivals. The same day as the Beirut explosions, Israeli forces fired on United Nations peacekeepers in southern Lebanon and wounded two peacekeepers from Indonesia, drawing widespread condemnation. Hezbollah has expanded its rocket fire to more populated areas deeper inside Israel. While disrupting life for Israelis, most of Hezbollah’s barrages have not caused casualties. But early Friday, an anti-tank missile fired from Lebanon killed a man from Thailand working on a farm in northern Israel. In Beirut’s Burj Abi Haidar neighborhood, civil defense members and municipal workers dug through the pile of concrete and twisted metal from a three-story building knocked down by Thursday night’s strike. In an adjacent building that was badly damaged, Ahmad al-Khatib stood in the apartment of his in-laws where he, his wife, Marwa Hamdan, and their 2 1/2-year-old daughter, Ayla, suffered injuries. He had just picked up his wife from work and she was performing the evening Muslim prayers at home when the blast hit. “The world suddenly turned upside down and darkness prevailed,” said the 42-year-old, tears running down his cheeks. He pulled his daughter out from under the debris of a wall that collapsed in a bedroom. Al-Khatib, who works for the postal service. said he found the force of the explosion had thrown his wife against a wall and a piece of metal had hit her in the head.
“I looked in her face and shouted, ‘Say something!’” he said, but she only responded with sounds of pain. His wife remains in the ICU at a Beirut hospital. His daughter suffered only minor injuries.
Mohammed Tarhani said he had moved in with his brother nearby in the neighborhood after fleeing around southern Lebanon to escape airstrikes the past weeks. His children were out on the veranda, and he was in the living room when the strike hit. “We rushed out to look for the children,” he said. “Where is one supposed to go now?" Civil defense official Walid Hashash said they don’t expect more bodies under the rubble as no people are missing. He added that once operations are over they will issue a final death toll. Hezbollah began firing rockets into Israel on Oct. 8, 2023, in support of Hamas and the Palestinians, drawing Israeli airstrikes in retaliation. Israel says its stepped-up campaign since late September aims to push Hezbollah away from the border to allow tens of thousands of its citizens evacuated from the area to return home.
More than 2,100 Lebanese –- including Hezbollah fighters, civilians and medical personnel — have been killed the past year by Israeli strikes, more than two thirds of them in the past few weeks. Hezbollah attacks have killed 29 civilians as well as 39 Israeli soldiers in northern Israel since October 2023 and in southern Lebanon since Israel launched its ground invasion on Sept. 30. So far, Israeli troops have been operating in a narrow strip of a few kilometers (miles) along the border. The war threatens to spiral even further, with Israel aiming to strike a crippling blow to its longtime adversary Hezbollah. Netanyahu this week warned Lebanese they would suffer the same destruction that Israel’s campaign against Hamas has inflicted in Gaza unless they take action against Hezbollah. Israel has also vowed to strike back against the Lebanese group’s supporter, Iran, after it launched some 180 ballistic missiles at Israel last week. Iran’s barrage was in retaliation for previous Israeli strikes that killed Hamas’ leader in Tehran and senior Iranian Revolutionary Guard figures in Lebanon.
Secretary of State Antony Blinken on Friday reiterated U.S. support for Israel’s escalated campaign against Hezbollah. He said Israel had a “clear and very legitimate” interest to try to ensure the return of tens of thousands of its citizens who were evacuated from their homes near the border because of Hezbollah fire since last October. He told a news conference after attending an annual meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Laos that the U.S. is “extremely focused” on reaching a diplomatic solution to the war.
Meanwhile the U.N. peacekeeping mission in Lebanon, known as UNIFIL, was rearranging some of its personnel after its positions were repeated hit by Israeli forces Thursday. UNIFIL said an Israeli tank directly fired on an observation tower at the force’s headquarters in the town of Naqoura, Lebanon, and that soldiers attacked a bunker near where peacekeepers were sheltering, damaging vehicles and a communication system. It said an Israeli drone was seen flying to the bunker’s entrance. The Israeli military acknowledged opening fire at a U.N. base in southern Lebanon on Thursday and said it had ordered the peacekeepers to “remain in protected spaces.”Afterward, the U.N. peacekeeping chief said 300 peacekeepers in frontline positions on southern Lebanon’s border have been temporarily moved to larger bases. Plans to move another 200 will depend on security conditions as the conflict escalates. Jean-Pierre Lacroix told an emergency meeting of the U.N. Security Council that peacekeepers with UNIFIL are staying in their positions, but because of air and ground attacks they cannot conduct patrols.UNIFIL, which has more than 10,000 peacekeepers from dozens of countries, was created to oversee the withdrawal of Israeli troops from southern Lebanon after Israel’s 1978 invasion. The United Nations expanded its mission following the 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah, allowing peacekeepers to patrol a buffer zone set up along the border. Israel accuses Hezbollah of establishing militant infrastructure along the border in violation of the U.N. Security Council resolution that ended the 2006 war.

Israeli Tank Fires on UNIFIL Base in Lebanon’s Naqoura
Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
The UN peacekeeping force said Friday that an Israeli tank fired on its headquarters in the southern Lebanese town of Naqoura, hitting an observation tower and wounding two peacekeepers, who were hospitalized. Israeli forces had fired on positions used by the UN peacekeepers on Wednesday and Thursday, the UN force said. The UNIFIL force said two of its peacekeepers were injured in one of the incidents. The Israeli military acknowledged opening fire at a UN base in southern Lebanon on Thursday and said it had ordered the peacekeepers to “remain in protected spaces.” Israel is now at war with Hamas in Gaza and its ally Hezbollah in Lebanon, which began firing rockets at Israel on Oct. 8, 2023. Israel recently escalated bombardment in Lebanon and invaded a strip inside the Lebanese border, vowing to push out Hezbollah fighters. Israel's UN Ambassador Danny Danon on Thursday recommended "UNIFIL relocate 5 km (3 miles) north to avoid danger as fighting intensifies.”

Israel faces international criticism after attacks on U.N. bases in Lebanon
Darryl Coote/UPI/October 11, 2024
Israel has come under international criticism after its military attacked U.N. bases in southern Lebanon, causing damage and injuring two peacekeepers. In a stern and direct statement, the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon said two peacekeepers were injured Thursday morning after an Israel Defense Forces tank fired and hit a UNIFIL's Naqoura headquarters tower, causing them to fall. The injuries sustained by the peacekeepers were not serious, but they remain hospitalized, UNIFIL said. Israel has also been accused of firing upon other U.N. bases, one in Labbouneh and another in Naqoura, causing damage to both.Indonesia identified the injured peacekeepers as Indonesian nationals.Before the United Nations Security Council on Thursday, Ambassador Hari Prabowo condemned that Israeli attack as "deliberate" and "a blatant attempt to spread terror on the ground to intimidate both peacekeeping mission and International community," according to a statement published the mission's X account. According to UNIFIL, there are about 10,541 peacekeepers from 50 contributing nations in Lebanon to monitor the cessations of hostilities between Lebanon and Israel and help ensure humanitarian access to the civilian population.UNIFIL was created by the Security Council in March 1978. "This is unacceptable," Hari said. "Let me be clear: those who stand by the cause of peace will not be afraid of bullies and perpetrators of genocide."Two Italian bases of the UNIFIL mission had also been hit by Israel in the recent strikes.
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni spoke over the phone Thursday afternoon with Gen. Stefano Messina, commander of the U.N. peacekeeping mission's Western Sector, and was updated on the attacks. A readout of the call states that Italy has formally lodged a protest with Israel and reiterated "that what is happening near the bases of the UNIFIL continent is not admissible."Italy has summoned the Israeli ambassador, it said. Italy's minister of defense, Guido Crosetto, went a step further and said the attack "may constitute a war crime." In a press conference Thursday, he said that attack "represented a very serious violation of international military law." "This was not a mistake and not an accident," he said. France's Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Thursday also issued a statement expressing "deep concern" following the attacks and said it was "waiting for explanations from the Israeli authorities." "The protection of peacekeepers is incumbent upon all parties to a conflict," the ministry said. "France calls on all the parties to abide by this obligation and to allow UNIFIL to continue carrying out its mandate. That includes respecting its freedom of movement."

Israel attacks on UN in breach of international law - Harris
Caitriona Perry - BBC News/October 11, 2024
Simon Harris is holding a press conference. He has short greying hair, and is wearing a red tie and grey blazer. The Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister) Simon Harris has described Israel’s attack on UN peacekeepers in Lebanon as a breach of international law. Speaking to BBC News in Washington DC, Harris said it was an "extraordinarily concerning development".He described the attacks on three United Nations Interim Force positions in Lebanon (UNIFIL) as "really dangerous, despicable attacks on peacekeepers". Ireland has 379 troops in Lebanon as part of UNIFIL peacekeeping mission. The Taoiseach said that he was protesting "at the highest levels" in relation to the attack, and said that the United Nations, and all of the countries making up the peacekeeping mission should "speak with one voice" about what he called Israel's breach of international law. However, he said he was concerned that "Israel doesn't listen".
He added that Israel had "a right to defend itself, a right to live in peace and security" and that no-one disputed that but “international law has to be followed, and proportionality also has to be due” but neither of those tests are currently being met, he said. He said he had spoken to the US President Joe Biden twice in recent days, including at an hour-long meeting in the Oval Office on Wednesday. He said he had also spoken to UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres about the matter. None of the Irish peacekeepers were injured in Thursday's attacks.
Two Indonesian soldiers were injured. But the Taoiseach said that the IDF had positioned themselves at a UNIFIL outpost which was being manned by about 30 Irish peacekeepers but that had now ceased following UN and US intervention. Israel has requested that the UNIFIL peacekeepers withdraw from Southern Lebanon, but Taoiseach Harris rejected that. He said: “We cannot have a situation where aggression can force a peacekeeping mission to leave”.Harris said the IDF and Hezbollah needed to “respect the role of our peacekeepers” and what was needed was an “urgent de-escalation” and a ceasefire. Israel claimed that the failure of the UN to enforce the 1701 resolution which called for a demilitarized zone and the disarmament of Hezbollah had been partly to blame for the current conflict. Harris said: “It’s very hard to take a lecture from Israel in terms of holding UN resolution right now, or indeed international law, when we’ve seen completely disproportionate war and the impact that that has had from the humanitarian crisis point of view of civilians, including children”.
The Taoiseach said there were “significant lessons” that could be learned from the Northern Ireland peace process, and the first was to “never allow the world to believe that a terrorist organisation is the same as a country”. Ireland is one of several European countries that has recognised the state of Palestine. The Taoiseach said it took that decision because “we know Palestine is not Hamas." He said: "Hamas is a despicable, disgusting terrorist organisation should be condemned outright by all right thinking people, but we know what it's like in Ireland to have efforts to hijack and sabotage your national identity and your flag by terrorists, and we can never stand for that”.

US sees a window for a new push to break political deadlock in Lebanon to ease conflict
Matthew Lee/The Associated Press/October 11, 2024
With Israel’s sabotage and military operations in Lebanon taking out many of Hezbollah’s senior leaders, some in Washington and elsewhere believe there may be a window for a new push to break the political deadlock in Lebanon to try to ease escalating war.
To that end, Secretary of State Antony Blinken spoke by phone separately Friday with acting Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati and parliament speaker Nabhi Berri about the need to resolve the situation, the State Department said.
Earlier in the week, Blinken talked with his Saudi, Qatari and French counterparts about how a resolution — particularly the election of a new Lebanese president — might reduce tensions in the Middle East by getting Hezbollah to move its forces away from Israel’s northern border to the line set out in a U.N. Security Council resolution ending the 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah. “It’s clear that the people of Lebanon have an interest, a strong interest, in the state asserting itself and taking responsibility for the country and its future," Blinken told reporters Friday in Laos. "The presidency has been vacant for two years now, and for the Lebanese people, having a head of state would be very important.”He said Lebanon's future is for its people to decide and no one else, including “any outside actor, whether it’s the United States, Israel, or any of the many actors in the region.”
The U.S. and others have been pressing for years for an end to the political deadlock in Lebanon to no avail. The country’s sectarian power-sharing system has always been prone to stalemate. The U.S. blames the two-year presidential vacuum on resistance to compromise by Iran-backed Hezbollah, which is considered a legitimate political party in Lebanon and has been part of its government for nearly two decades despite being designated a terrorist organization by the U.S., Israel and others. After the term of former President Michel Aoun ended in October 2022, Lebanon’s deeply divided parliament met several times to elect a successor and failed every time. Hezbollah has been backing Sleiman Frangieh, a Christian politician allied with the Shiite group. The opposing faction has put forward a series of names, but the man widely seen as Frangieh’s main competition — although he has not officially declared his candidacy — is the Lebanese army commander, Gen. Joseph Aoun, who is generally seen as close to the U.S.
In the meantime, the worsening political paralysis and stalled measures to alleviate a crippling economic crisis have plunged three-quarters of the population into poverty. But now, U.S. officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss current Biden administration thinking, said there may be a window for movement in the wake of the militant group's recent degradation at the hands of Israel. That view is not universally shared in Washington, with some officials arguing that Hezbollah is too entrenched in Lebanon's political scene, its military and its civil and social services for its influence to be eradicated. Yet, even the skeptics are willing to give it a try, officials said. As he made his way home from Laos, Blinken spoke with Mikati and Berri to reaffirm the importance of stabilizing the political crisis. Blinken stressed U.S. commitment to a diplomatic solution to implement the U.N. resolution, allowing civilians on both sides of the Israel-Lebanon border to return to their homes, and “the need to fill the presidential vacancy through democratic means that reflect the will of the Lebanese people for a stable, prosperous, and independent Lebanon,” the State Department said in near identical statements. America's top diplomat said similar in discussions over the past week with Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan, Qatari Foreign Minister Mohammed Al Thani, Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty and French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot. “What I’m getting from these conversations is a strong desire not only on the part of the many countries that are concerned about Lebanon, but especially the Lebanese themselves to actually see the state stand up, assert itself, take responsibility for the lives of its citizens,” Blinken said earlier in Laos. He is expected to attend an international conference on Lebanon hosted by France later this month, U.S. officials said. The U.N. resolution, whose terms have never fully been enforced, called for Israeli forces to fully withdraw from southern Lebanon after a monthlong war with Hezbollah in 2006, while the Lebanese army and U.N. peacekeepers would be the exclusive armed presence in the area. Ed Gabriel, president of the American Task Force on Lebanon, a nonprofit that aims to build stronger U.S.-Lebanon ties, said the group has high regard for Aoun, the Lebanese army commander, and “his leadership of the only fully functioning institution in Lebanon.” “We do not think it is in the interest of Lebanon for outside parties to weigh in on the country’s sovereign right to elect their own president,” Gabriel said. “There is an opportunity right now for Lebanon’s parliamentarians to convene and elect a clean, competent, and reform-oriented president who can form a government that can steer Lebanon through what is a dangerous but critical phase.”

UNIFIL to Meet after Israeli Forces Fire at its Mission in Lebanon
Paris: Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
France and Italy plan to hold a meeting of the European countries contributing to the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), after an Israeli force was accused of firing on its headquarters in South Lebanon, according to the French Ministry of Armed Forces.
A video conference meeting, decided during a meeting between French Minister Sebastien Lecornu and his Italian counterpart Guido Crosetto, will be held next week on a date that has yet to be specified. Alongside France and Italy, Spain and Ireland also contribute to UNIFIL as European member states. On Thursday, Crosetto said the “shooting” at the headquarters of the UN peacekeeping force in Lebanon is “intolerable.”Two peacekeepers were injured as a result of the shooting, causing concern in Italy, which is the largest Western contributor to UNIFIL in terms of personnel. “These incidents are unacceptable and must be carefully and resolutely avoided,” Crosetto said in a statement. The minister, who summoned the Israeli ambassador to Rome in the aftermath of the incident, called for promoting de-escalation in South Lebanon and the restoration of international law, according to an Italian Defense Ministry statement. The UN peacekeeping mission is stationed in southern Lebanon to monitor hostilities along the demarcation line with Israel -- an area that has seen serious clashes between Israeli troops and Hezbollah.

AMCD Applauds Israel’s Targeting of Hezbollah’s Leadership
AMCD/September 30, 2024
The American Mideast Coalition for Democracy applauds Israel’s precision targeting of the top Hezbollah leadership in Lebanon, expressing relief that the terrorist organizations’ stranglehold on Lebanon is broken and hope that Lebanese civil society will reassert itself, take back control of their country, and that Beirut will reemerge as the “Paris of the Middle East” it once was.
Jared Kushner called the killing of Hezbollah’s leader, Hasan Nasrallah, and other top leadership the most important development for Middle East peace “since the Abraham Accords.” He argues that the destruction of Hezbollah now leaves Iran’s nuclear arsenal vulnerable to elimination.
“The top European and American foreign policy officials have argued for years that Hamas and Hezbollah were part of the framework that had to be appeased in order to achieve peace,” said AMCD co-chair Tom Harb. “Israel has refused to accept this received wisdom from the foreign policy establishment, and as a result has opened the possibility of renewed peace and prosperity, not only for Lebanon, but for the entire Middle East. The people of Lebanon are extremely relieved. Hezbollah was an anchor dragging the entire society down.”
“The Obama effort to re-align American foreign policy as favorable to the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, in other words, to openly side with America’s Islamist enemies, has proven to be an abject failure,” continued AMCD co-chair John Hajjar. “The Islamic Republic is the enemy of the entire civilized world including those Sunni Arab states who reject fundamentalism and desire to join the modernity, namely the Gulf States and now Saudi Arabia”
“Israel may be able to push the remnants of Hezbollah in Lebanon north beyond the Litani River and this will enable the implementation of United Nations Security Resolution 1701, the disarming and disbanding of those remnants,” added foreign policy expert and AMCD advisor Walid Phares. “Israel is winning the psychological battle so that the civil population of Lebanon feels emboldened to turn against Hezbollah and retake control of their country.”
“The prospect for a counter-revolution in Iran has suddenly appeared as well,” added former AMCD executive director, Rebecca Bynum. “If Israel goes ahead and finishes the job by taking out or seriously degrading Iran’s nuclear facilities, the Islamic Republic may be unable to retain control of the population, which has been suffering under their brutal dictatorship since the revolution of 1979. Opposition leadership under the son of the late Shah, Reza Pahlavi, seems poised to take advantage of this unique opportunity.”
Said Mr. Pahlavi: “Hezbollah will be defeated. The Islamic regime in Iran will also be defeated. The Iranian people, and all those in the region who seek peace, will emerge victorious.” M. Pahlavi has previously expressed his desire for Iranian peace with Israel.
Prime Minister Netanyahu has released a statement aimed at the Iranian people and offering them a better future: “Imagine if all the vast money the regime wasted on nuclear weapons and foreign wars were invested in your children’s education, in improving your healthcare, in building your nation’s infrastructure, water, sewage, all the other things that you need….When the Iranian people are free — and that moment will come a lot sooner than most people think — everything will be different. Our two ancient peoples, the Jewish people and the Persian people, will finally be at peace….Iran will thrive as never before.”
Israel, by its bold determination has reset the table in the Middle East. AMCD stands with leadership in the region working toward openness to the world, freedom for their people, and a true pluralist democratic outcome for both Lebanon and Iran.

The countdown to Nasrallah’s assassination began with Majdal Shams
David Daoud/ MENASource/October 11/ 2024 |
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/menasource/nasrallah-hezbollah-majdal-shams-assassination/
He certainly didn’t know it, but Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah signed his death warrant on July 27. That day, an errant Hezbollah rocket landed on a soccer field in Majdal Shams in the Golan Heights, where it killed twelve children—Israeli by citizenship but Syrian Druze by ethnicity. Hezbollah deployed every rhetorical and propaganda trick possible to deny responsibility, abetted by the political and spiritual leadership of the children’s co-religionists in Lebanon. But the cover-up could only work on a domestic audience and would not stay Israel’s vengeance. When that came, it was intentionally painful: assassinating Hezbollah’s chief-of-staff Fuad Shukr three days later.
Assassinating Shukr crossed all of Hezbollah’s red lines. The Israelis killed him in Haret Hreik, in the heart of Hezbollah’s “Dahiyeh” south Beirut stronghold, while causing incidental civilian casualties. The assassination carried insult in addition to injury: Israel openly claimed the attack and demonstrated the degree to which its intelligence apparatuses had penetrated the organization. Shukr, after all, was another Hezbollah “ghost commander,” whose anonymity had been built up by the organization over decades. And the Israelis managed to lure him to his death with a simple telephone call.
Arguably, this attack was meant to push Hezbollah’s limits. Throughout the war of attrition that Hezbollah initiated against Israel on October 8, 2023, the Israelis had been probing the group’s responses for weaknesses and limitations. The Israelis weren’t doing this gratuitously. Hezbollah’s daily attacks had virtually depopulated the frontier and were raining destruction on the area’s civilian objects and infrastructure.
Hezbollah was refusing to back down until a prior Gaza ceasefire—an unacceptable condition for the Israelis because this would have allowed Hamas to survive and regenerate to attack Israel again in the future. It would have decimated Israeli deterrence by having the Resistance Axis impose terms—i.e., the halting of its operations in Gaza—upon Israel after the setback of October 7. Finally, it would have allowed Hezbollah to claim the unprecedented victory of pushing the Israelis out of Israel and preventing the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) from enabling their return, which would vastly boost Hezbollah’s Lebanese and possibly its Arab popularity on the basis of the group’s apparent capability of “liberating Palestine from the river to the sea,” in Nasrallah’s oft-repeated words.
However, the Israelis wanted to return their citizens to their homes in genuine safety, not just to a superficial quiet where they would live in the shadow of a victorious Hezbollah, made all the more ominous by October 7, 2023, and Hezbollah’s twin “Liberation of the Galilee” plan. How Hezbollah would respond to Shukr’s assassination would force Hezbollah to expose its limits—and inform Israel’s next steps.
In stages, however, Hezbollah’s reaction revealed just how much the group feared a full war with Israel. Hezbollah waited a full month before retaliating. In the interim, Israel and Hamas were engaged in ceasefire negotiations, which, if successful, would have granted Hezbollah a face-saving off-ramp from the conflict and from responding to Shukr’s assassination. Shukr’s death, they could claim, was a worthwhile price to be paid in a battle where the Resistance Axis ultimately emerged victorious by bringing Israel to heel. In the interim, Hezbollah filled the time gap with worn propaganda: Nasrallah claimed Israel’s anticipation of a retaliatory attack was part of their punishment and claimed—without evidence—that this anticipation was hurting Israel’s morale and economy. In one of the group’s typical exercises in theatricality, Hezbollah also uncovered its Imad 4 underground tunnel facility. Though unlikely to be a genuinely strategic asset, the revelation had the intended effect of shoring up Hezbollah’s image among its supporters, convincing the more gullible among them that the group possessed tunnels reaching Tel Aviv.
When the negotiations between Israel and Hamas faltered, Hezbollah’s excuses ran out. Now, it had to respond—and its August 25 response was an utter failure. The Israeli Air Force preempted most of it and bombed an additional approximately 6,000 Hezbollah targets in the process. Israel’s defensive array neutralized the remainder, an estimated 210 rockets (Hezbollah claimed to have fired 320 total) and twenty loitering munitions. Furthermore, this barrage of projectiles—meager relative to Shukr’s value and to the humiliation of the Israeli strike—failed to reach their intended targets, according to Hezbollah: Mossad and Israeli Military Intelligence Unit Headquarters in northern Tel Aviv’s Glilot.
Hezbollah’s follow-up to this failure was pure theater. The group’s mouthpieces immediately shifted into claiming success, as did Nasrallah in a speech later that day. The late secretary-general denied Israel’s successes and exaggerated Hezbollah’s, claiming that the rockets had distracted Israel’s Iron Dome batteries just enough for the suicide drones—“our sources confirm,” said Nasrallah—to reach their intended targets in Glilot. In the coming days, Hezbollah’s propaganda outlets would try to buttress the legitimacy of Nasrallah’s claims with seemingly legitimate reports, first quoting “trustworthy” but anonymous sources “inside the Occupation Entity,” and weeks later “trusted” but still unnamed “European security sources,” that the attack had not only succeeded but had felled twenty-two Israeli officers and wounded seventy-five others.
This damage control was intended for Hezbollah’s support base. If the group could convince its base that it had been able to match the Israeli escalation in kind—thus demonstrating its alleged ability to maintain the balance of pain with Israel, which forms the basis of much of its popular support—then it could close the file on Shukr without provoking a larger Israeli counter-response.
Under the old rules of the game, this performance would have done just that. But Hezbollah, which had misread Israel on October 8, 2023, did so again. The Israelis, it would turn out, were in no mood to play by the old rules of the game—and if initiating the conflict with Israel was a painful mistake for Hezbollah, the group’s failure to properly respond for Shukr amidst that conflict would prove fatal.
Back in January, Israel assassinated senior Hamas leader Saleh al-Arouri in an airstrike in Dahiyeh but never claimed the attack. Hezbollah nevertheless fired a barrage of forty rockets and several missiles at the Israeli Air Force’s traffic control base in Meron—a significant escalation relative to the level of fighting at the time. However, months later, Hezbollah could only muster a failed strike for Shukr, which did not exceed the then-existing level of escalation. In short, whatever the effect of Hezbollah’s storytelling on its base, Israel knew the truth, and the group had shown its very weak hand.
In a few short weeks, the Israeli cabinet would add returning Israeli civilians to their homes in the north as a war objective and authorize Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Yoav Galant to undertake all “offensive and defensive” measures to achieve that goal. From there, beginning on September 17, the Israelis began rapidly landing painful blows upon Hezbollah, including twin telecommunications device attacks, the elimination of the entire Radwan Force’s command, and an aerial blitz destroying 1,600 Hezbollah targets in one day, which would culminate in ten days with the assassination of Hezbollah’s secretary-general.
Hassan Nasrallah’s entire career is colored in infamy. But where he and Hezbollah truly demonstrated their murderousness—to the point that even Arabs who had once hailed the group turned against it—was in Syria. To save the Bashar al-Assad regime, Nasrallah and his fighters were willing to bring about the deaths of tens of thousands of Syrian children.
In many ways, then, it was fitting that shedding the blood of the ethnically Syrian Israeli children in Majdal Shams was the beginning of his end.
**David Daoud is a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD), focusing on Hezbollah, Israel, and Lebanon issues. Follow him on X: @DavidADaoud.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on October 11-12/2024
Trump asks for military aircraft protection amid Iran threat, reports say
Reuters/October 11, 2024
Donald Trump's campaign has requested the use of military aircraft and vehicles to protect the former president as he campaigns during the final weeks of the presidential campaign, the New York Times and Washington Post reported on Friday. The request follows two recent assassination attempts against the Republican presidential candidate. It also comes after Trump's campaign last month said he had been briefed by U.S. intelligence officials on alleged threats from Iran to assassinate him. A representative for the U.S. Secret Service, which is charged with protecting presidential candidates, said "the former president is receiving the highest levels of protection" but confirmed the Trump campaign had requested more. "The Secret Service will remain vigilant and continue to adjust and enhance its protective posture as needed to mitigate evolving threats," the representative said. U.S. President Joe Biden, speaking to reporters, said he has authorized security to protect Trump as if he were a sitting president, and if Trump's request falls in that category it should be granted. Representatives for Trump's campaign did not immediately respond to a request for comment. According to the New York Times, Trump's campaign has been in contact with White House chief of staff Jeff Zients and acting Secret Service Ronald Rowe asking for military assets to protect the Republican candidate, who is facing U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris in the Nov. 5 presidential election. Trump's campaign told officials that it has had to move, reschedule or cancel campaign events because of lack of adequate protection, the Times reported, citing four people briefed on the matter. His campaign also asked for expanded flight restrictions over his homes and campaign rallies as well as prepositioned ballistic glass at events in battleground states, the Washington Post reported, citing emails it had obtained and unnamed sources. The Office of the Director of National Intelligence has acknowledged the September briefing to Trump but did not confirm any specifics. The alleged shooters in the two separate attempts have no known reported ties to Iran.
The U.S. Secret Service faced widespread criticism after the first assassination attempt against Trump in July that led to the resignation of is director and other security changes.

Leaders of EU states in Mediterranean say ceasefire in Middle East is needed, now
Reuters/October 11, 2024
Leaders of nine European Union member states in the Mediterranean on Friday called for an immediate ceasefire after a sharp escalation in conflict between Israel and forces of Iran-backed Hezbollah in Lebanon. "Amid the backdrop of the conflict in Gaza in the broader region, we express our deep concern at the escalation of a military confrontation between Israel and Hezbollah," a statement from EU leaders attending a summit, known as MED9, read after meeting in Cyprus. "We seek an immediate ceasefire throughout the Blue Line and the timely dispatch of humanitarian aid to Lebanon," leaders including France, Italy, Spain, Greece and Portugal said in a joint statement, referring to a U.N. mapped demarcation line separating Lebanon from Israel and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. The conflict between Israel and Hezbollah erupted one year ago when the Iranian-backed group began launching rockets at northern Israel in support of the Palestinian militant group Hamas at the start of the Gaza war, which followed a bloody rampage by Hamas through communities in southern Israel that killed 1,200 people in a matter of hours. The conflict has intensified in recent weeks, with Israel bombing southern Lebanon, Beirut's southern suburbs and the Bekaa Valley, killing many of Hezbollah's top leaders, and sending ground troops into areas of southern Lebanon. Hezbollah for its part has fired rockets deeper into Israel. Friday, two peacekeepers were injured after two explosions near a watchtower in southern Lebanon, the United Nations peacekeeping force there, UNIFIL, said.

Iranian president says Israel, backed by West, is 'killing innocent people'

Reuters/October 11, 2024
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said on Friday that Israel should "stop killing innocent people", and that its actions in the Middle East were backed by the United States and the European Union. Pezeshkian was speaking to a Russian state TV reporter on the sidelines of an international meeting in Turkmenistan. Israel in recent weeks has sharply escalated its assault on Lebanon's Iran-backed Hezbollah movement, including by killing its top leaders, sending ground troops into southern Lebanon and bombing the capital Beirut. An Israeli strike late on Thursday in the heart of Beirut killed 22 people and injured more than 100, Lebanese authorities said.Israel says the operations in Lebanon aim to allow tens of thousands of its residents to return home after being forced to leave northern Israel due to Hezbollah rocket fire over the past year.
Hezbollah is firing at Israel in support of its ally Hamas, which triggered Israel's ground offensive in Gaza following an Oct. 7 attack on communities in southern Israel. "I would like to say to Israel: stop killing innocent people. Stop bombing residential buildings, people who have nothing anyway," said Pezeshkian, accusing Israel of violating every kind of international agreement. "It does this because it knows that the US and the European Union are behind it," he said.
The Middle East remains on high alert for further escalation in the region, awaiting Israel's response to an Iranian missile strike on Oct. 1.

UN inquiry accuses Israel of ‘crime of extermination’ through deliberate destruction of Gaza’s health care system
Niamh Kennedy and Muhammad Darwish, CNN/Fri, October 11, 2024
A United Nations inquiry has accused Israel of carrying out a “concerted policy” of destroying the health care system in Gaza during its year-long conflict with Hamas in attacks it said amount to war crimes. Israel’s actions in the besieged Palestinian enclave “constitute the war crimes of willful killing and mistreatment and the crime against humanity of extermination,” the commission said in a statement Thursday. “Israeli security forces have deliberately killed, detained and tortured medical personnel and targeted medical vehicles” in Gaza, according to the report by the UN’s Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel. The Israeli attacks resulted in “fuel, food, water, medicines and medical supplies not reaching hospitals, while also drastically reducing permits for patients to leave the territory for medical treatment,” it said. The Israeli foreign ministry called the accusations “outrageous” and said they were “another blatant attempt by the (commission) to delegitimize the very existence of the State of Israel and obstruct its right to protect its population while covering up the crimes of terrorist organizations.” “This report shamelessly portrays Israel’s operations in terror-infested health facilities in Gaza as a matter of policy against Gaza’s health system, while entirely dismissing overwhelming evidence that medical facilities in Gaza have been systematically used by Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad for terrorist activities.”Hamas, it said, uses medical facilities to conceal operatives, store weapons, conduct attacks and hide hostages. Hamas has repeatedly denied that it uses hospitals for military activity. The UN report also accused Hamas and other Palestinian militant groups of committing war crimes of “torture, inhuman or cruel treatment, rape and sexual violence” for their treatment of Israeli hostages held captive in Gaza. It also investigated “institutionalized mistreatment” of Palestinian detainees in Israeli prisons. The Israeli foreign ministry rejected “accusations of widespread ill-treatment and torture of detainees,” saying Israel is “fully committed to international legal standards” on treatment of detainees. In a statement accompanying the 24-page report, which does not have the force of law, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay said Israel “must immediately stop its unprecedented wanton destruction” in Gaza. “Children in particular have borne the brunt of these attacks, suffering both directly and indirectly from the collapse of the health system,” she said. As part of the report, UN experts investigated the killing of 5-year-old Palestinian girl Hind Rajab, who made headlines in late January after a recording emerged of her pleading to emergency workers to rescue her and her family after they became trapped in their car due to Israeli shelling. Despite an ambulance arriving at the scene while the girl was still alive, the presence of Israeli security forces effectively “prevented access,” meaning the bodies of Rajab’s relatives “could not be retrieved from their bullet-ridden car until 12 days after the incident,” the report said. The report “determined on reasonable grounds that the Israeli Army’s 162nd Division” which operated in the area at the time is “responsible for killing the family of seven, shelling the ambulance and killing the two paramedics inside.” The incident was just one of several alleged attacks on health care in Gaza, amid broader wartime conditions.The report will be presented to the UN General Assembly on October 30. The commission previously alleged that both Israel and Hamas committed war crimes in the early stages of the Gaza war, and that Israel’s actions also amounted to crimes against humanity.

Israeli Military: Head of Islamic Jihad Killed in West Bank

Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
Israel said it had killed Muhammad Abdullah, the head of the Islamic Jihad's network in the Palestinian refugee camp of Nur Shams in the West Bank. The Palestinian health ministry said on Friday that two people were killed in an Israeli strike on Nur Shams. Abdullah, who Israel said had been involved in a number of attacks against its soldiers, was killed along with another "terrorist" in a strike near Tulkarm, the military and security agency said in a statement on Friday.

US Denies Report of Secret Talks With Iran for Regional Cease-Fire
By All Israel News Staff | Thursday, 10 October 2024
After Israel's Channel 12 reported that the United States and several Arab states were conducting secret talks with Iran to bring about a cease-fire throughout the region, the U.S. officially denied their involvement in such alleged talks. "No one has reached out to the United States about such a proposal, and we're not in talks with not in talks with any countries about such a proposal," State Department spokesman Matthew Miller said on Wednesday. Miller went on to deny knowledge of the existence of such talks. "I cannot speak to a hypothetical proposal that I'm not even sure actually exists in reality," he said. "Obviously, we would welcome the end of conflict across the region."The Hebrew-language Channel 12 report cited an unnamed Israeli official who said that Israel had been informed about such talks, despite not being involved. "We are currently in a position of power, a cease-fire will be on our terms, including a [Hezbollah] withdrawal beyond the Litani and the dismantling of all military Hezbollah sites in areas near the border," he reportedly said. Such a withdrawal of Hezbollah forces would be in alignment with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701, which was agreed to by the Lebanese cabinet at the end of 2006 Lebanon war. The resolution called for the removal of armed forces from Lebanese territory south of the Litani river, besides UNIFIL and the Lebanese military. Since last week's ballistic missile attack from Iran, Israeli leaders have promised to conduct a forceful response, and a ceasefire before such a response thus appears highly unlikely. On Wednesday, Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant said Israel's response would be "deadly, precise and surprising."While U.S. President Joe Biden has expressed support for Israel's right to respond to the Iranian attack, he has said that Iran's nuclear facilities should not be targeted. Republished with permission from All Israel News

Leaders of Jordan and southern Europe meet in a bid to help de-escalate Middle East crisis
BY MENELAOS HADJICOSTIS/PAPHOS, Cyprus (AP)/October 11, 2024
The leaders of nine southern European Union countries and Jordan are meeting in Cyprus on Friday to come up with ways to de-escalate the crisis in the Middle East that is threatening to engulf Lebanon and trigger a wider humanitarian crisis. Jordan’s King Abdullah will join the leaders of the so-called MED9 — including Italy, Spain, France, Greece, Cyprus, Malta, Slovenia, Portugal and Croatia — as well as European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to brainstorm initiatives aimed at protecting Lebanese civilians caught in the crossfire between Israel and Hezbollah.
The leaders will also focus on helping clinch a ceasefire deal between Israeli forces and Hamas in the Gaza strip in line with a U.N. Security Council resolution adopted unanimously in June. Cyprus’ government spokesman Konstantinos Letymbiotis said Thursday the Jordanian monarch’s presence at the meeting lends additional weight to the proceedings given his country’s role in helping peace efforts in the region. The meeting comes amid reports of an international diplomatic effort to degrade Hezbollah's political hold in Lebanon. “We want the Lebanese people to decide who their leaders ought to be, bottom line, and that has been our position," U.S. State Department spokesman Matthew Miller said Wednesday. "We certainly don’t want to dictate to the people of Lebanon who their leader is, and we’re not going to ... we want them to be able to do it absent a terrorist organization putting a gun to their head, which is the situation that Lebanon has been in for decades now.”“Ultimately, we hope that Hezbollah is degraded enough that they are less of a force in Lebanese politics,” he added. According to Letymbiotis, King Abdullah will also discuss with the leaders way of further bolstering his country’s relations with the EU. The Jordanian monarch and Cypriot President Nikos Christodoulides will put forward a joint proposal to create a regional firefighting hub in Cyprus through the permanent deployment of fire-fighting aircraft on the island nation to respond to regional emergencies. Christodoulides will also raise EU efforts to deal with migration flows through the adoption a new asylum policy that would more evenly share the distribution of asylum seekers through all EU members. Cyprus is considered a front-line country that receives a significantly high numbers of asylum seekers relative to its population.
Climate change is also on the agenda as the east Mediterranean and the Middle East are considered particularly vulnerable areas to temperatures changes. Christodoulides will also highlight Cyprus’ role in helping deliver humanitarian aid to civilians in Gaza via a maritime corridor as well as a waystation for the repatriation of third-country nationals evacuated from Lebanon. According to Letymbiotis, more than 2,400 third-country nationals from 20 countries have so far used Cyprus as a transfer point to their homeland. AP writer Matthew Lee contributed.

Thousands said trapped in Jabalia camp as Israel escalates attacks in northern Gaza
Adam Makary and Nidal al-Mughrabi/(Reuters)/October 11, 2024
Thousands of people are trapped in Gaza's Jabalia camp as Israeli forces attack the area, Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) said on Friday, a week after Israel launched an offensive there which it says is aimed at stopping Hamas regrouping. Palestinian officials said Israeli military strikes killed at least 34 Palestinians across the Gaza Strip on Friday, with nearly half of the fatalities occurring in Jabalia, the northern district which is the largest of Gaza's historic refugee camps. The Israeli military says it has killed dozens of militants in Jabalia, though it remains unclear how many of the dead were civilians versus fighters. "Nobody is allowed to get in or out; anyone who tries is getting shot," MSF project coordinator Sarah Vuylsteke said on X. Five MSF staff were trapped in Jabalia, she said. "I don't know what to do; at any moment we could die. People are starving. I am afraid to stay, and I am also afraid to leave," she quoted Haydar, an MSF driver, as saying. At least 15 of the fatalities in Jabalia since dawn were due to Israeli strikes targeting various areas, including a school sheltering displaced individuals, the official Palestinian news agency Wafa said, citing medical sources. Gaza's Civil Defence said dozens were wounded by Israeli quadcopter fire at the same school. There was no immediate comment from the Israeli military, which has previously said that Gaza’s militants use such shelters for cover. Hamas denied this. The Israeli military has sent troops into the nearby towns of Beit Hanoun and Beit Lahiya as well as Jabalia. Hamas has said it will keep fighting Israeli forces. Palestinian health officials have reported at least 130 deaths in the operation so far, while the military has told residents to evacuate areas where the U.N. estimates over 400,000 people are trapped. United Nations officials expressed concern that the ongoing Israeli offensive and evacuation orders in northern Gaza could disrupt the second phase of its polio vaccination campaign set to begin next week. Healthcare officials have reported that dozens of facilities in Gaza are under evacuation orders from the Israeli military, complicating humanitarian efforts amid the ongoing conflict. Aid groups carried out an initial round of vaccinations last month after a baby was partially paralyzed by the type 2 polio virus in August, in the first such case in the territory in 25 years.

GCC-EU Summit Poised to Back Two-State Solution

Riyadh: Ghazi al-Harthi/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024
The escalating conflicts in Gaza and Lebanon are pushing the two-state solution to the forefront of the agenda for the upcoming Gulf Cooperation Council-European Union (GCC-EU) Summit in Brussels next Wednesday. The summit is expected to back the Global Alliance for Implementing the Two-State Solution, recently launched by Saudi Arabia. Christophe Farnaud, the EU’s ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman, said the EU and Gulf countries are united in their call for a ceasefire in Lebanon. Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, he also expected a strong, unified position on establishing a Palestinian state during this first-of-its-kind summit. Farnaud highlighted the EU’s support for a ceasefire in Gaza, the release of hostages, and humanitarian aid, while reaffirming the EU’s alignment with Arab and Gulf nations on the two-state solution.
Recognition of Palestine ‘Just a Matter of Time’On the topic of recognizing a Palestinian state, Farnaud revealed that many EU member states have reached an initial agreement, and it's “only a matter of time” before more countries officially recognize Palestine. Some have already done so, while others are deciding the right timing. He praised the Saudi-led Global Alliance for Implementing the Two-State Solution, launched in September, which includes Arab, Islamic, Norwegian, and EU support. The initiative was well received internationally, with EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell commending Saudi Arabia’s efforts during a recent UN meeting on Gaza. Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide called the two-state solution “the only reliable path to peace in the Middle East” and stressed the need to establish a Palestinian state now.
Economic Partnership, Cooperation
On the economic front, Farnaud said the summit will build on previous meetings to strengthen long-term partnerships between the EU and the Gulf. The leaders will discuss economic, investment, and trade cooperation, with trade in goods alone between the two regions reaching €170 billion.
Key Issues on the Summit Agenda
The summit will also address security, regional stability, and ongoing crises in Gaza, Lebanon, Sudan, and the Red Sea. Both sides are committed to finding diplomatic solutions to these issues.
Free Trade, Visa Cooperation . Farnaud confirmed the EU’s commitment to reaching a free trade agreement with Gulf countries, while noting that some technical issues remain. He also expressed interest in advancing talks on a potential visa waiver between the Schengen area and Gulf nations.
The summit will be the first of its kind between the GCC and the EU. Farnaud recently held positive discussions with Saudi officials to finalize preparations and set priorities for the meeting.

Debate in Iran over Khamenei’s Office Considering Nuclear Weapons’ Fatwa Revision

London: Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
Debate is growing in Iran over changes to its defense policy and a review of the ban on producing nuclear weapons, with the issue reportedly reaching Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s office. In recent days, Iranian media close to Khamenei expressed concerns about the country’s lack of nuclear deterrence. The Tehran Times said that "uncontrolled Israeli threats are driving Iranian calls for nuclear weapons."On Thursday, the Fars news agency quoted Rasoul Sanai-Rad, a political adviser to Khamenei, warning that any Israeli strike on Iran's nuclear sites would violate key regional and international boundaries. Sanai-Rad added that some Iranian politicians are considering changes to nuclear policy, as an attack on energy sites would have serious consequences during and after any conflict. Iranian military and political leaders have frequently suggested a shift in nuclear policy toward producing nuclear weapons, but they consistently remind the public that this is forbidden by a fatwa from Khamenei. The current regional tensions are creating a new situation for Iran, especially after recent setbacks for Lebanon’s Hezbollah, its main ally, leading to a belief that Iran is now directly confronting Israel. Israel is considering its response to Iranian ballistic missile threats. The government is likely to empower Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Yoav Gallant to decide when and where to strike. Gallant previously stated that Israel has prepared a “devastating and surprising response to Iran” following an inconclusive call between Netanyahu and US President Joe Biden. In a session of the Iranian parliament, Deputy Hassanali Akhlaghi Amiri called on the Supreme National Security Council to urgently rethink Iran’s defense doctrine. Political institutions in Iran are promoting the idea that increasing deterrence against Israel is gaining support among influential and elite groups. Akhlaghi Amiri asked parliament members, “Why do you limit yourselves to just condemning Israel's actions? Are you afraid? Is life so precious that you accept humiliation?” He added that revising the fatwa against nuclear weapons, according to Imamite jurisprudence, should consider current circumstances and be presented to the Supreme Leader. However, he acknowledged that “the fatwa still remains in place.”In 2003, Khamenei issued a fatwa banning nuclear weapons, which is considered a binding advisory opinion. The Iranian government later announced this fatwa during a meeting of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna. A former Iranian president called the fatwa the best guarantee for Iran's pursuit of peaceful nuclear technology. According to IAEA estimates, Tehran is close to enriching its uranium stock to nearly 90% within two weeks, a level that would allow it to produce a nuclear bomb.

Iran foreign minister reiterates Israel retaliation warning
Reuters/October 11, 2024
(Reuters) - Tehran will not hesitate to take "stronger defensive actions" if Israel retaliates for last week's missile attack by Tehran, Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi said on Friday.
Iran is "fully prepared to take stronger defensive actions, if necessary, in response to any further aggression, and will not hesitate to do so," Araqchi said in a letter to other foreign ministers, according to a ministry post on X. Israel has repeatedly said it will respond to Iran's missile attack on Oct. 1, launched in retaliation for Israeli strikes in Lebanon and Gaza and the killing of a Hamas leader in Iran. Araqchi said in his letter that Iran’s missile attack on Israel had been in accordance with its right to self defence under international law and followed much restraint as it sought a ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza. Israeli Defence Minister Yoav Gallant has said Israel will hit Iran in a way that will be "lethal, precise and surprising".

Russian and Iranian leaders meet amid warming ties and escalating Middle East conflict
Lauren Kent, CNN/October 11, 2024
Russian President Vladimir Putin was set to meet his Iranian counterpart Masoud Pezeshkian for the first time on Friday, as relations between the two sanctioned nations warm and the Middle East braces for Israel’s response to Tehran’s largest-ever missile attack last week.
The meeting at a regional summit in Ashgabat, the capital of the Central Asian country Turkmenistan, also comes against a backdrop of closer military ties between Iran and Russia’s military in recent years, particularly since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Iran has supplied thousands of “Shahed” attack drones to Russia, and according to US officials, built a drone factory in Russia. Iran also recently transferred short-range ballistic missiles to Russia to use in the war against Ukraine, CNN reported in September, marking a significant escalation in the country’s support for Moscow. “Since Ukraine, the two countries have been more equal in terms of both needing each other and relying each other on specific issues. And that, I think, has been seen as beneficial from the Iranian side,” said Aniseh Bassiri Tabrizi, senior analyst and associate fellow, at UK think tank Chatham House. Moscow and Tehran have a de facto military alliance in the region to support the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. Analysts say the countries have found further common ground as they are increasingly isolated by global sanctions.
There is a perception in Moscow that Iran can teach Russia about the tools to evade sanctions, Bassiri Tabrizi noted, adding, “I think it’s overall a goal from the Iranian side, so that has been part of the broader conversation about being part of the BRICS,” the bloc of major emerging economies that Iran formally joined early this year. Pezeshkian, a reformist who won Iran’s election in July following the death of President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash, has already emphasized his desire to strengthen bilateral cooperation with Russia to counter the “cruel” sanctions of the West. In a meeting with Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin in Tehran last week, the Iranian leader called for accelerating joint projects. Meanwhile, Russia expressed interest in expanding trade and economic cooperation as well as diversifying its bilateral trade with Iran. The Russian prime minister also invited Pezeshkian to attend the October BRICS summit in Russia, where the two countries are expected to sign a comprehensive strategic agreement. The Russian foreign ministry has touted these meetings as evidence that Russia-Iran relations are at an “all-time high,” according to TASS.
There have also been reports of Russian involvement in arms transfers to the Iran-backed Houthis. Viktor Bout, the Russian arms dealer who was exchanged in a prisoner swap for American basketball star Brittney Griner, has allegedly reentered the arms trade to broker the sale of $10 million worth of automatic weapons to the Yemen-based rebels, The Wall Street Journal and other Western media outlets reported this week, citing unnamed Western officials. Bout has denied that. However, developments in the Middle East have not necessarily strengthened Iran-Russia relations, Bassiri Tabrizi noted, and some analysts argue that Russia stands to benefit from the conflicts involving Iranian proxies distracting from the war in Ukraine on the international stage. “We know that Russia is very much focusing on what’s going on in Ukraine. It probably cannot stretch itself much in terms of delivery of technical and military capability to Iran beyond a certain point,” the Chatham House analyst told CNN in a statement. “While the relationship has been growing and is likely to continue to grow, there are going to be some continued tensions, some continued misalignment.”
CNN’s Gianluca Mezzofiore, Natasha Bertrand and Kylie Atwood contributed to this report.

US Still Believes Iran Has Not Decided to Build a Nuclear Weapon
Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
The United States still believes that Iran has not decided to build a nuclear weapon despite Tehran's recent strategic setbacks, including Israel's killing of Hezbollah leaders and two largely unsuccessful attempts to attack Israel, two US officials told Reuters. The comments from a senior Biden administration official and a spokesperson for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) added to public remarks earlier this week by CIA Director William Burns, who said the United States had not seen any evidence Iran's leader had reversed his 2003 decision to suspend the weaponization program. "We assess that the Supreme Leader has not made a decision to resume the nuclear weapons program that Iran suspended in 2003," said the ODNI spokesperson, referring to Iran's leader Ali Khamenei. The intelligence assessment could help explain US opposition to any Israeli strike on Iran's nuclear program in retaliation for a ballistic missile attack that Tehran carried out last week. President Joe Biden said after that attack he would not support an Israeli strike on Iranian nuclear sites, but did not explain why he had reached that conclusion. His remarks drew fierce criticism from Republicans, including former President Donald Trump. US officials have long acknowledged that an attempt to destroy Iran's nuclear weapons program might only delay the country's efforts to develop a nuclear bomb and could even strengthen Tehran's resolve to do so. "We're all watching this space very carefully," the Biden administration official said. Iran's mission to the United Nations in New York did not immediately respond to a request for comment but Tehran has repeatedly denied ever having had a nuclear weapons program.
KEY IRAN ALLY WEAKENED
In the past weeks, Israel's military has inflicted heavy losses on Hezbollah, the most powerful member of the Iran-backed network known as the Axis of Resistance. The group's setbacks have included the killing of its leader Hassan Nasrallah in an Israeli airstrike last month.
The weakening of a key Iranian ally has prompted some experts to speculate that Tehran may restart its efforts to acquire a nuclear bomb to protect itself. Beth Sanner, a former US deputy director of national intelligence, said the risk of Khamenei reversing his 2003 religious dictum against nuclear weapons is "higher now than it has been" and that if Israel were to strike nuclear facilities Tehran would likely move ahead with building a nuclear weapon. That would still take time, however. "They can't get a weapon in a day. It will take months and months and months," said Sanner, now a fellow with the German Marshall Fund. Iran is now enriching uranium to up to 60% fissile purity, close to the 90% of weapons grade, at two sites, and in theory it has enough material enriched to that level, if enriched further, for almost four bombs, according to a yardstick of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the UN watchdog. The expansion in Iran's enrichment program has reduced the so-called breakout time it would need to produce enough weapons-grade uranium for a nuclear bomb to "a week or a little more," according to Burns, from more than a year under a 2015 accord that Trump pulled out of when president. Actually making a bomb with that material would take longer. How long is less clear and the subject of debate.
POSSIBLE ISRAELI ATTACK
Israel has not yet disclosed what it will target in retaliation for Iran's attack last week with more than 180 ballistic missiles, which largely failed thanks to interceptions by Israeli air defenses as well as by the US military. The United States has been privately urging Israel to calibrate its response to avoid triggering a broader war in the Middle East, officials say, with Biden publicly voicing his opposition to a nuclear attack and concerns about a strike on Iran's energy infrastructure.
Israel, however, views Iran's nuclear program as an existential threat. The conflicts in the Middle East between Israel and Iran and Iran-backed groups in Lebanon, Gaza and Yemen have become campaign issues ahead of the Nov. 5 presidential election, with Trump and his Democratic rival, Vice President Kamala Harris, positioning themselves as pro-Israel. Speaking at a campaign event last week, Trump mocked Biden for opposing an attack on Iran's nuclear sites, saying: "That's the thing you wanna hit, right?"Avi Melamed, a former Israeli intelligence officer and government official, said Iran still had space to compensate for setbacks dealt to its proxies and missile force without having to resort to developing a nuclear warhead. "The Iranians have to recalculate what's next. I don't think at this point they will rush to either develop or boost the (nuclear) program toward military capacity," he said. "They will look around to find what maneuvering space they can move around in."

Moscow’s ‘Tactical’ Retreat in Syria, Shift in Priorities
Moscow: Raed Jaber/Asharq Al Awsat/October 11/2024
The recent successive withdrawals of Russian military forces from observation points near the frontlines with the occupied Syrian Golan have raised questions about Russia’s positioning in the context of the escalating confrontation in Lebanon, which has quickly spilled over into Syrian territory. These withdrawals also prompt inquiries about Russia’s priorities in the coming phase regarding the anticipated developments, particularly in light of what Israel and the United States call the “rearrangement of the regional situation and the curbing of Iranian influence in the region.”
In recent days, reports have surfaced of Russian military forces unexpectedly evacuating sites described by Israeli sources as strategic. One of the most notable locations was an observation point on Tel al-Hara in northern Daraa province, followed by similar withdrawals from Tel al-Shaar and Tel Mashara in the Quneitra countryside. Russian forces collected their equipment and took down their flag before departing. It is now evident that the Russian move followed military activities by Israeli forces a few days earlier near the border between Quneitra province and the occupied Syrian Golan.
These movements involved the deployment of a significant number of Israeli tanks and military vehicles in the occupied Syrian Golan Heights. Additionally, over recent months, Israel has been opening pathways in the Syrian Golan and detonating minefields near the ceasefire line multiple times, coinciding with increasing strikes within Syrian territory and reports from the Israeli side about the arrival of elite Iranian militia forces in southern Syria. Moscow had previously established 17 military observation points in the area and patrolled the frontlines to maintain de-escalation between Hezbollah forces and Israel. Thus, the current withdrawals leave the region vulnerable to further escalation. This indicates that Moscow is unwilling to engage in confrontation or keep its forces in the line of fire. It also appears unable to stop the ongoing deterioration.
Two hypotheses have emerged to explain these successive Russian withdrawals. The first suggests that Moscow received a warning from Israel about upcoming military operations in the region and that Israeli forces intend to target Hezbollah positions and other Iran-backed militias. The second hypothesis, which comes from Russian diplomats speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, claims that Russia is not yielding to Israeli threats and that these withdrawals do not signal a green light for Israel to expand its operations in Syria. On the contrary, the move might aim to give Iran and its allied groups more room for military engagement against Israel. In both cases, Moscow seems to prefer distancing its forces from potential developments. Some estimates suggest that Russian forces will continue to withdraw from observation points in areas experiencing heightened tensions. However, these “tactical withdrawals,” as described by Russian observers, do not indicate that Russia is planning more drastic actions. Instead, the increased significance of Russia’s military presence in Syria, in light of its escalating confrontation with the West, shows that Moscow is unlikely to reassess its strategic presence in the region in the near future, according to a Russian analyst who spoke to Asharq Al-Awsat.
This analysis, however, depends on the nature of future developments, particularly regarding Israel’s potential plans to expand its operations in Syria.
The Kremlin’s warnings on Thursday pointed to the possibility of wider deterioration in Syria. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov stated that any potential expansion of Israel’s military actions in Syria could have catastrophic consequences for the Middle East. However, he refrained from answering questions about Russia’s potential response should Israel launch a ground offensive in Syria to pursue Iranian and Hezbollah forces. He only remarked that it is “not appropriate to speculate on future developments at this time.”
Simultaneously, Moscow appears to have escalated its rhetoric criticizing Israeli military actions in Syria. The Russian Foreign Ministry’s angry response, describing recent Israeli strikes as an “aggression targeting civilians and a blatant violation of international laws,” marked a significant shift in Russia’s tone.
Commonly recognized is the fact that Moscow began reducing its forces in Syria in the summer of 2022, a few months after the war in Ukraine began. At that time, Russia provided extensive support to Hezbollah and other Iran-backed militias in Syria, including facilitating the transfer of weapons and equipment to these groups after Syrian airports under Iranian control were bombed. Moscow also turned a blind eye to Hezbollah’s redeployment in southern Syria, despite this violating a previous agreement that required Hezbollah and its allies to stay 80 kilometers away from the Golan.
Russia has withdrawn thousands of soldiers and officers, moving them to Ukraine, where the front is more pressing and crucial at this time. Russian military circles explained this move by stating that Russian ground forces no longer have specific missions in Syria after accomplishing their main task of fighting terrorism and reinforcing the Syrian government’s control.
However, reducing the number of troops does not mean Moscow is deprioritizing Syria. According to a military analyst, the strategic importance of Russian air and long-range capabilities has grown beyond Syria’s borders, reflecting Russia’s broader interests in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa. This reassessment of priorities predates the Gaza conflict, which has now spread to Lebanon and is seriously threatening Syria. It’s important to recall President Vladimir Putin’s remarks roughly two months ago when he warned, during Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s visit to Moscow, that the region was on the brink of very dangerous developments, with Syria not exempt from them. Experts note that Moscow values its strategic military presence in Syria, but seeks to maintain it at minimal cost. Last year, Putin said that Russian forces’ presence in Syria is “temporary and will continue as long as it serves Russia’s interests in this vital region, which is very close to us.” He emphasized that Moscow is not planning to withdraw these units from Syria yet. However, it was notable that Putin referred to Russian deployments in Syria as “points” rather than “bases,” indicating that Moscow is not constructing long-term structures there. He added that Russia could withdraw its military personnel “quickly and without material losses” if necessary. Experts believe that Putin’s remarks precisely define the levels of Russian engagement should the situation worsen, particularly if Russian forces lose their strategic advantage in Syria. Nevertheless, according to some experts, Moscow is likely to continue complicating the situation for Washington by supporting the escalation of various forces against US interests in the region, especially in Syria and Iraq. This could also apply to Israel’s actions in and around Syria in the coming phase.
According to analysts, this policy will persist until Moscow formulates new strategies based on how the situation evolves.

Somalia says it welcomes Egypt's offer to deploy peacekeepers there
OMAR FARUK/Associated Press/October 11, 2024
MOGADISHU, Somalia (AP) — Somalia says Egypt has offered to deploy peacekeeping troops to the Horn of Africa nation in a security partnership that is emerging as the mandate of a long-time group of African Union peacekeepers winds down.
Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi on Thursday attended a summit in the Eritrean capital, Asmara, where he and the leaders of Somalia and Eritrea pledged strong cooperation in regional security. Somali authorities said in a statement at the end of the summit that they welcomed Egypt's offer to deploy troops in Somalia as part of a stabilization force when the present African Union force disbands in December. The statement said the leaders welcomed the African Union Peace and Security Council’s decision to launch the African Union Mission to Support Stabilization in Somalia, or AUSSOM, under whose mandate the Egyptians or others would be deployed. A separate statement following the summit signed by representatives of Somalia, Egypt and Eritrea asserted Somalia’s sovereign right to determine the composition, tasks and deployment timeline for the AUSSOM troops. Somalia’s federal government has been supported by an African Union peacekeeping mission since 2007 in fighting the Islamic extremist group al-Shabab, which has ties with al-Qaida and is responsible for deadly attacks in the country. The summit in Asmara followed a period of tensions in the region stemming from disputes pitting Ethiopia against others. The first dispute — between Ethiopia and Egypt — is over Ethiopia’s construction of a $4 billion dam on the Blue Nile, a key tributary of the Nile River. Egypt fears it will have a devastating effect on water and irrigation supplies downstream in Egypt unless Ethiopia takes its needs into account. Ethiopia plans to use the dam to generate badly needed electricity. The second dispute — between Ethiopia and Somalia — is over Somalia’s breakaway region of Somaliland. Somalia has sought to block landlocked Ethiopia’s ongoing efforts to gain access to the Red Sea via a contentious agreement with Somaliland to lease a stretch of land along its coastline, where Ethiopia would establish a marine force base. In return, Ethiopia would recognize Somaliland as an independent country, according to Somaliland authorities. Somaliland seceded from Somalia more than 30 years ago but is not recognized by the African Union or the United Nations as an independent state. Somalia still considers Somaliland part of its territory.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on October 11-12/2024
Question: “Why does God allow natural disasters?”
GotQuestions.org?/October 11/2024
Answer: Why does God allow earthquakes, tornados, hurricanes, tsunamis, typhoons, cyclones, mudslides, wildfires, and other natural disasters? Back-to-back hurricanes in the USA in the fall of 2024 are causing many people to question God’s goodness. It is distressing that natural disasters are often termed “acts of God” while no “credit” is given to God for years, decades, or even centuries of peaceful weather. God created the whole universe and the laws of nature (Genesis 1:1). Most natural disasters are a result of these laws at work. Hurricanes, typhoons, and tornados are the results of divergent weather patterns colliding. Earthquakes are the result of the earth’s plate structure shifting. A tsunami is caused by an underwater earthquake. The Bible proclaims that Jesus Christ holds all of nature together (Colossians 1:16-17). Could God prevent natural disasters? Absolutely! Does God sometimes influence the weather? Yes, as we see in Deuteronomy 11:17 and James 5:17. Numbers 16:30-34 shows us that God sometimes causes natural disasters as a judgment against sin. The book of Revelation describes many events which could definitely be described as natural disasters (Revelation chapters 6, 8, and 16). Is every natural disaster a punishment from God? Absolutely not. In much the same way that God allows evil people to commit evil acts, God allows the earth to reflect the consequences sin has had on creation. Romans 8:19-21 tells us, “The creation waits in eager expectation for the sons of God to be revealed. For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay and brought into the glorious freedom of the children of God.” The fall of humanity into sin had effects on everything, including the world we inhabit. Everything in creation is subject to “frustration” and “decay.” Sin is the ultimate cause of natural disasters just as it is the cause of death, disease, and suffering.
We can understand why natural disasters occur. What we do not understand is why God allows them to occur. Why did God allow a tsunami to kill over 225,000 people in Asia? Why does God allow hurricanes to destroy the homes of thousands of people? For one thing, such events shake our confidence in this life and force us to think about eternity. Churches are usually filled after disasters as people realize how tenuous their lives really are and how life can be taken away in an instant. What we do know is this: God is good! Many amazing miracles occurred during the course of natural disasters that prevented even greater loss of life. Natural disasters cause millions of people to reevaluate their priorities in life. Hundreds of millions of dollars in aid is sent to help the people who are suffering. Christian ministries have the opportunity to help, minister, counsel, pray, and lead people to saving faith in Christ! God can, and does, bring great good out of terrible tragedies (Romans 8:28).

Opinion - A path toward a nuclear off-ramp with Iran

Ariel E. Levite and Toby Dalton, opinion contributor/The Hill./October 11/2024
Iran is now perilously close to acquiring nuclear weapons. It possesses the ingredients for a rudimentary nuclear explosive device in a matter of several months and likely could achieve an arsenal of deliverable warheads within a year.
The U.S. intelligence community is losing confidence that Iranian leaders are not getting ready to cross this Rubicon, even though it had until recently assessed that Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has not yet decided to go nuclear. But Iran’s Oct. 2 missile attack on Israel and the latter’s likely retaliation could change this calculus, unleashing a chain reaction in the process. To avoid that outcome, the U.S. must take the lead in seeking an off-ramp with Iran that constrains its nuclear activities well short of a bomb. It could try to build on a mandate that Khamenei has given newly elected President Masoud Pazeshkian to resume nuclear negotiations with the U.S. and its Western partners.
What might a nuclear off-ramp entail?
The U.S. aim should be both to tame Iran’s nuclear ambitions and arrest the prospects of further conflict escalation in the region. The complex issues involved, coupled with Iran’s negotiating style and the U.S. difficulty in offering durable commitments, are bound to make such negotiations long and complicated, straining the limits of what politics in Washington, Paris, London, Berlin and (perhaps) Beijing can bear. Making matters worse, compared to the last attempt at nuclear negotiations, Tehran now enjoys considerable backing from Moscow and its nuclear program is far more advanced, though its regional proxies and allies (Hezbollah, Hamas and the Houthis) have been seriously diminished. By far the biggest challenge for negotiators will be the inevitable linkages among nuclear activities, Iran’s regional behavior, and its assistance to Russia’s war in Ukraine. The inability to satisfactorily address all three is likely to further hinder the Western ability to offer Iran sanctions relief in return for nuclear timidity.
Calibrating expectations is therefore essential, all the more so as the U.S. is now in a period of election-imposed political paralysis likely to last well into spring 2025, regardless of the election results. A nuclear off-ramp requires a two-step process: immediate stopgap measures to prevent further escalations, followed by more comprehensive and enduring arrangements.
Nuclear stopgaps could comprise tacit understandings of activities or actions from which Tehran should desist — such as refining and testing weapons designs, enriching uranium to 90 percent U-235 and converting its highly-enriched uranium to metal. Enumeration of these understandings should reinforce the Iranian leadership’s appreciation that any further step toward a deliverable nuclear weapon would not go undetected.
In return for this nuclear forbearance, Washington could promise to dissuade systematic Israeli attacks on Iranian nuclear installations. Similarly, negotiators could work out modest interim stabilization measures for Iranian regional activities and support against Russia’s aggression in Ukraine. The bargain could entail Washington’s commitment to refrain from tightening oil sanctions against Iran (and perhaps symbolically easing others) so long as Tehran holds back from scaling up (in quantity or quality) its military support for Russia.
Further, Washington could promise to dissuade Israel from scaling up the aims of its land offensive in southern Lebanon if Iran does not extend greater support to all its endangered proxies in the region. Behind this short-term bargain would need to be an implicit threat from the West of what happens if Iran does not comply: stepped-up sanctions enforcement leading to full sanctions snapback, covert actions aimed at destabilizing the Iranian regime, interdiction of arms supplies to proxies and bolstering Israel’s offensive capability to retaliate against Iran.
An interim de-escalation bargain would then set the stage for formal negotiations to begin next spring on a more durable agreement. Such exercise would be far easier if progress toward a cease-fire in Ukraine or Gaza were agreed upon by then.
But even if both proved elusive, the logic of undertaking a comprehensive nuclear-specific negotiation would still be compelling. For if Iran goes nuclear, it could unleash a proliferation chain reaction that spurs bomb programs by Saudi Arabia, Egypt or Turkey.
There is also the urgent matter of the October 2025 expiration of the United Nations provision for snapping back full international sanctions on Iran, which creates something of a negotiating deadline. At the core of nuclear negotiations should be an effort to codify, cap and introduce additional verification measures to check Iran’s weapons threshold status. Although the negotiation would focus on Iran’s program, these should be conducted with an eye toward establishing constraints and a transparency template applicable to any state that similarly accrues advanced nuclear capabilities up to the threshold.
The stakes are high and the time to act is now. Realism mandates choosing a pragmatic course that stands a chance of rare bipartisan support in Washington. Not least because it creates space for the next administration to subsequently chart its own course of action on Iran.
Ariel E. Levite is a senior fellow at the Nuclear Policy Program of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Toby Dalton is the co-director of the Nuclear Policy Program of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Copyright 2024 Nexstar Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

The Islamization of Bangladesh by Muhammad Yunus - Backed by Obama, Soros, Clintons

Keya Mukherjee/Gatestone Institute./October 11, 2024
Meanwhile, it appears as if Yunus is waiting for the result of the November 5 presidential election in the US. A victory by Kamala Harris could pave the way for him to remain in power indefinitely and complete the process of Islamizing Bangladesh. "New Delhi is getting increasingly concerned that banned militant outfits like Jamaat-e-Islami and even radical organisations like Hizb ut Tahrir may soon enter mainstream politics in Bangladesh, thereby posing security challenges not just for India but for the entire South Asian region..." – The Anandabazar Patrika, September 14, 2024.
Yunus is already under pressure to lift the ban imposed on Hizb ut Tahrir by Sheikh Hasina's previous government in 2009. "Delighted to see an old friend of my father and the foundation, Nobel Prize winner @professormuhammadyunus, interim leader of Bangladesh, who stepped in to lead Bangladesh towards a peaceful future based on equity and fairness." — Alexander Soros, Instagram, October 2, 2024.Bangladesh, a country being promptly being shifted towards Talibanization under Muhammad Yunus -- openly backed by Barack Obama, Bill and Hillary Clinton, George Soros and the U.S. Democratic Party -- is experiencing a total nightmare. Pictured: Yunus at a press conference in Dhaka on October 4, 2024. Bangladesh, a country being promptly being shifted towards Talibanization under Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus -- openly backed by Barack Obama, Bill and Hillary Clinton, George Soros and the U.S. Democratic Party -- is experiencing a total nightmare. Bangladesh's former leader, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, was forced to flee on August 5, following a coup d'état. Now, Hindus in Bangladesh, who constitute a small minority of the population, are facing repeated threats and intimidation from Yunus's men – a thuggish gang of Islamists and jihadists from hardline Islamist groups such as Hizbut Tahrir and Hefazat-e-Islam. To the utter surprise of Hindus, Yunus's regime has asked them, during Muslim prayer times, to avoid playing musical instruments and refrain from activities that are a part of the Hindu Durga Puja festival celebrations, thereby interrupting the holiday. Since the ouster of Hasina, orchestrated attacks on Hindus have been taking place, including murder, rape, abduction and arson targeting Hindu homes, businesses and temples, in addition to coerced religious conversions. According to the New Indian Express: "... Yunus, has said the issue of attacks on minority Hindus in his country is 'exaggerated' and questioned the manner in which India projected it.
"In an interview with PTI at his official residence here, Yunus said the attacks on minorities in Bangladesh are more political than communal. "He suggested that the attacks were not communal, but a fallout of a political upheaval as there is a perception that most Hindus supported the now-deposed Awami League regime." Islamist followers of Yunus regime have also been targeting Hindus in the civil service and forcing them to resign. According to India Today:
"A letter from the Bangladesh President's office to various ministries and departments requesting details of Hindu officials holding posts such as secretaries and joint secretaries led to panic. "However, sources said a clerical error caused the confusion..."
Also, as reported by The Times of India, Hindus are alleging that they have received multiple threatening calls from Islamists demanding protection money or to face death. Since August 5, Hindus in Bangladesh, fearing persecution, have been trying to flee.
Yunus has been one of the major donors to Clinton Foundation. According to a cable leaked by Wikileaks, 2007, Hillary Clinton made frantic bids and exerted pressure on the Bangladeshi Army to make her friend Yunus head of the then military-backed interim government.
According to Bloomberg, militants gaining strength after the tumultuous change in government would create security concerns across Asia.
Meanwhile, a large segment of students, led by Yunus, are flexing their muscles -- chanting jihadist slogans and openly displaying Islamic State flags on various college and university campuses. Commenting on this situation, Kolkata's oldest Bengali daily, The Anandabazar Patrika, reported:
"New Delhi is getting increasingly concerned that banned militant outfits like Jamaat-e-Islami and even radical organisations like Hizb ut Tahrir may soon enter mainstream politics in Bangladesh, thereby posing security challenges not just for India but for the entire South Asian region..."
Yunus is already under pressure to lift the ban imposed on Hizb ut Tahrir by Hasina's previous government in 2009. Analysts fear that Bangladesh may be moving towards becoming another Pakistan. Today, the military-picked interim civilian-led regime is struggling to restore the rule of law and revive an economy pummeled by large-scale mob violence and destruction that preceded and followed Hasina's overthrow in the uprising. Her loss of support from the military, which has traditionally been a key player in Bangladesh politics, proved decisive.
Although it was anticipated that Yunus would hold an election by December this year and hand over power to an elected government, Bangladesh Army chief General Waker-uz-Zaman in an interview with Reuters said the country should return to electoral democracy within one-and-a-half years; that he will support the interim government in carrying out the reforms, and that the Bangladesh Army will be "professional" and stay away from politics.
Meanwhile, it appears as if Yunus is waiting for the result of the November 5 presidential election in the US. A victory by Kamala Harris could pave the way for him to remain in power indefinitely and complete the process of Islamizing Bangladesh.
This speculation became stronger when during his recent visit to the US to attend the UN General Assembly, Yunus attended an event organized by the Clinton Global Initiative, and met several leaders of the Democratic Party as well as Alexander Soros. After meeting with Yunus, Soros posted on Instagram:
"Delighted to see an old friend of my father and the foundation, Nobel Prize winner @professormuhammadyunus, interim leader of Bangladesh, who stepped in to lead Bangladesh towards a peaceful future based on equity and fairness."
*Keya Mukherjee is a freelance journalist specializing in Asian and global affairs.
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Calls for intervention: Will Iran send forces to aid Hezbollah against Israel? - analysis
Dr. Yossi Mansharoe/Jerusalem Post/October 11/2024
https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-824207
The Iranian regime appears to be blocking initiatives to send forces to Lebanon, likely because it recognizes that the damage from such a move would outweigh the potential benefits. In the Iranian media discourse since the assassination of Nasrallah, initiatives from various factions have emerged, calling for the deployment of forces to support Hezbollah’s fight against Israel. The Iranian regime appears to be blocking these initiatives, likely because it recognizes that the damage from such a move would outweigh the potential benefits.
But the question remains: Will Iran send forces to Lebanon to fight against Israel?
The ideological and emotional connection with Nasrallah
Since the assassination of Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, along with Quds Force Commander in Lebanon Abbas Nilforoushan, on September 27, initiatives have surfaced within the Iranian regime and its supporters, calling for the Islamic Republic to send volunteer forces to Lebanon to aid Hezbollah in its time of crisis. The unprecedented blows Israel has dealt to Hezbollah not only place the terrorist organization in a difficult situation but also create a problematic scenario for Iran. The Lebanese arena, and Hezbollah in particular, represent the most successful model of exporting the Islamic Revolution. Hezbollah is seen as "the jewel in the crown" of Iran's proxy network, which it has cultivated since the early 1980s. Beyond Hezbollah’s strategic importance to Iran's national security concept, many within the Iranian regime had an ideological and emotional connection with Nasrallah, a relationship that developed over many years. These ties grew when Nasrallah studied in religious seminaries at the leading spiritual center in Iran, the city of Qom, in the second half of the 1980s, before Nasrallah was appointed Hezbollah leader following Abbas Musawi’s assassination by the IDF in 1992.
Since then, his personal connections have grown stronger. This was driven by his close collaboration with Quds Force Commander Qassem Soleimani, who assumed the role in 1998. Nasrallah’s landmark achievement in 2000, with the IDF’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon, further solidified his position, and his rise as a senior figure in Iran’s proxy network intensified even more after Soleimani’s assassination by the US in 2020.
'Iran cannot be indifferent to the blows Hezbollah is suffering'
In light of this, it was Ayatollah Mohammad Hassan Akhtari (born 1939) who, on September 28, the day after Nasrallah's assassination, proposed to the regime to send volunteer forces to Lebanon and the Syrian Golan. Akhtari, known as one of Hezbollah’s founding fathers, played a senior role in establishing and nurturing the organization while serving as Iran’s ambassador to Syria from 1986 to 1997. Currently, Akhtari heads the "Committee for the Support of the Islamic Revolution of the Palestinian People," under the office of the Iranian president, established through the 1990 law to promote support for the Palestinian struggle against Israel. Akhtari explained that Iran cannot remain indifferent and must participate directly in the fighting; thus, it should send young volunteers to Lebanon and the Syrian Golan to fight against Israel. The Basij, a volunteer paramilitary militia within the IRGC, also opened social media accounts to register citizens for deployment to Lebanon.
On September 30, a group of students and residents from Qom arrived at Tehran’s airport and demanded that the regime send them to fight in Lebanon. Subsequently, Mohsen Rafighdoost, one of the founders of the Revolutionary Guards, stated in a media interview on October 3 that the option of sending military forces to Lebanon and the Syrian Golan is on the table for Iranian decision-makers. The regime restrains initiatives to send forces to Lebanon and the Syrian Golan
However, the Iranian authorities quickly clarified that they had no intention of responding to these calls. On September 30, Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Nasser Kanaani announced that Tehran would not send volunteer forces to Lebanon, explaining that Lebanon has the capacity to defend itself.
The deputy commander of the Revolutionary Guards, Mohammad Reza Naqdi, added on October 6 that Tehran does not intend to send forces to Lebanon, stating that the commanders of the resistance front have not reported a manpower shortage and, therefore, they have not requested such assistance from Iran. A senior official in Iran’s religious seminaries echoed this sentiment in a media interview on October 6, explaining that the physical presence of Iranian elements in Lebanon would not be beneficial at this time and, therefore, no volunteers should be sent to Lebanon unless Iran's leader, Khamenei, approves it.
In the past year, following assassinations attributed to Israel targeting senior Quds Force officials, particularly Hassan Mahdavi, the Quds Force commander in Syria and Lebanon, Khamenei has led a significant shift in Iran's security strategy. In April, he decided to attack Israel directly with ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and drones. In early October, he again led a direct attack on Israel, this time consisting of around 200 ballistic missiles. Before this, for decades, Iran overwhelmingly preferred to attack Israel indirectly through its proxy network.
Earlier, in the second half of the last decade, Khamenei had already sent thousands of fighters from the Quds Force, the Iranian army, and even the Iranian police and Basij to the battlefield in Syria and Iraq to fight against ISIS, which posed an existential threat to Iran.
However, the shift Khamenei is leading is not all-encompassing and does not include sending fighters for direct combat against Israel. It appears Khamenei is aware that such a move would place Iran squarely in the spotlight in the fight against Israel and push Israel to launch significant attacks on Iranian territory.
This goes beyond the risky gamble Khamenei already took with his recent missile strike, which presents Israel with an excellent opportunity to strike back at Iran with considerable international legitimacy. Moreover, sending fighters would leave Iran exposed to attacks from Israeli troops on the ground and other retaliatory strikes from Israel. Khamenei, whose entire regime, and especially the nuclear program, are his life's work, would not want to put them at high risk.
Reformists have voiced concern through their media outlets, warning that Khamenei might be dragging Iran into an Israeli trap designed to provoke Iran into a full-scale regional war involving the US. Therefore, while the initiatives to send forces to Lebanon and the Syrian Golan may continue, Khamenei is expected to manage the risks carefully and avoid escalating beyond the already high level of risk he has placed on Iran.
*Dr. Yossi Mansharof is a researcher of Iran, Hezbollah, and Shia militias at the Misgav Institute for National Security and Zionist Strategy.

Iran: Consistency and Transformation, Domestically and Externally
Mustafa Fahs/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024
It might be the first time the Iranian regime has found itself confronting so many complex and difficult questions since it was established in 1979. These wide-ranging questions pertain to everything from the nature of the regime and to its future, which is intrinsically linked to external factors- that is, Iran’s ability to maintain its influence, which recent shifts have left in peril.
These questions are tied to the tools the regime could use to impose itself, and they open the door to a wide-ranging debate, regardless of the regime’s efforts to present itself as solid and stable to both domestic and international audiences. Can the regime keep behaving as it had for decades, remaining stable despite the upheaval in the region?
Domestically, Tehran seeks to guarantee stability and continuity for the first time since the Islamic regime was founded. Thus, it is pursuing two objectives: ensuring a smooth transitional phase, and safeguarding the regime's prestige and the revolution's influence. However, the fact that these two objectives are intertwined complicates things further.
Indeed, the first objective demands stability while the second requires strength and influence. Moreover, to maintain its strength and role, which it has translated into domestic rigidity and external influence, Tehran must avert infighting among the different wings of the regime. It is evident that President Masoud Pezeshkian was elected to that end. Protest movements, which usually start with demands but quickly turn political, are banned for the same reason.
Externally, the goal is to maintain its extensive sphere of influence after recent developments have threatened to shrink it or deprive Tehran of political and military control over segments of this sphere. Iranian decision-makers see these threats as almost existential, as they would allow Tehran’s "enemies" to shift from confronting it in regional countries that fall within its sphere of influence to striking the Iranian home front, directly challenging the regime and devastating its standing after undermining or disabling its influence.
In fact, major external shifts are upending Iran’s extensive geopolitical (political and strategic) map (its sphere of influence), undermining its domestic stability and its attempts at reconsolidating its regional standing for the first time in its history. Moreover, the shifts unfolding abroad could creep into Iran itself, thereby shifting the focus from defending the revolution externally to defending the regime domestically. That was evident in the recent speech that the Supreme Leader gave during the memorial service for Hezbollah’s late Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah.
It is obvious that the Iranian regime is now engaged in a battle of self-defense. It seems that a clash with Israel is inevitable. Thus, it chose to go from defense to offense, striking Israeli military assets directly with long-range missiles and reformulating the "unit of arenas" strategy to turn it into a front in defense of the regime itself.
The regime is aware that its current clashes with Tel Aviv are not just another round of tit-for-tat but a war that will transform the region. After this conflict, it may become difficult to maintain both the political integrity of the national geography, on the one hand, and its geopolitical and ideological influence on the other. Nonetheless, it faces a dilemma: if it sacrifices the latter through a diplomatic compromise or under military pressure, it cannot guarantee that the former will be maintained. The shifts unfolding outside its borders could find their way into the home front, leaving the revolution, the state, and the regime faced with significant challenges.
Faced with the prospect of a fully-fledged military confrontation or harsh diplomatic concessions, the regime has tied its survival to its influence, its geopolitical map, and the stability of the regime. That means that it would be difficult for the regime to disentangle its domestic legitimacy from its influence abroad. Thus, this potential clash could force Tehran to choose between maintaining relative domestic stability and confronting broad external shifts.

Resistance or Terror: The Importance of Dosage
Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/October 11/2024
These days my two favorite book-shops in Paris and London are devoting a full shelf to books on or inspired by Hamas’s “Al-Aqsa Storm” October 7 raid on Israel.
Some of these books offer various accounts of what happened on that day and could be classed as extended reportages of the kind news magazines offered in the good old days of print journalism. The most interesting of these Trey Yingst’s “Black Saturday” which broadens its scope to offer a portrayal of the subsequent war in Gaza. Because the author is a television reporter, his fast-paced reportage often resembles a news reel. That, however, does not prevent him from offering often deep insights into the mind-sets of the two adversaries.
“The October 7 War” by Seth J Franzman also starts as a long reportage but quickly evolves into a clinical study of the deeper causes of the deadly explosion of anger and hate. Franzman tries to put the event in the broader geopolitical context of the struggle for the future of the Middle East which has been going on since the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire after The First World War.
The earliest attempt at imposing a shape on the region was undertaken by Great Britain and France, the two colonial powers that as victors in that war shared the chunks of the Ottoman Empire.
The British tried to forge a network of Arab monarchies with a newly minted Arab League as a loose federation. The French imposed a shaky republican system on Syria and Lebanon. Both mandate powers ultimately failed because with the start of the Cold War the top billing in that drama had gone to the United States and the Soviet Union. Though the two “superpowers” provided a measure of stability, they too ultimately failed perhaps because they mistook stagnation with stability.
Frantzman, who has also studied the so-called ISIS, deals with the new and current protagonists in the drama, notably the Islamic Republic established in Tehran. He manages to trace the genesis of the October attack to Tehran’s grand plan for reshaping the Middle East in its own image. The Islamic Republic leaders believe that unless the rest of the Middle East becomes Iranian, it would be their Iran which would be forced to become like the rest of the Middle East.
To that end, Tehran leaders pursue two parallel strategies: Turning the Arab states into hollow shells used as cover for an Iranian proxy exercising real power, and creating a network of proxies to drag Israel into perpetual war with the aim of its ultimate destruction through psychological fatigue, economic burden and demographic decline.
Frantzman doesn’t say so openly but his account suggests that the October 7 attack, its unprecedented horror notwithstanding, must be treated as an episode in a broader war that will not end unless the Islamic Republic is knocked out of the deadly game.
“October 7: The War Against Hamas: Through the Eyes of An Israeli Commando Officer” is, as the title suggests, an eye-witness account of the war by Captain Elkam Cohen.
The book, endorsed by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, may be regarded by some as an apologia which to some extent it is. Nevertheless, Captain Cohen manages to steer away from propagandist temptations to seek sympathy through pathos. And that makes his narrative all the more powerful.
His book offers a rare insight into the Israeli army’s rules of engagement and operational modes not in theory but in the context of a real and exceptionally challenging struggle. All along, the reader will feel that without saying so, Cohen and his comrades fear that the ongoing struggle may drag them down to the level of bitter hatred established by Hamas military leader Yahya Sinwar- a level that made even some of Hamas’s own fighters and sympathizers uncomfortable.
The October 7 shelf in the London bookshop also includes Nikolas Giannopoulos’ “Terrorist or Freedom Fighter: The Right to Resist” which was written before the Hamas attack on Israel but is reissued supposedly to put Hamas’s point of view, albeit indirectly. The author argues that people who feel oppressed have a right to resist oppression and cites a range of examples -from the US war of independence to the IRA’s long war against Great Britain.
However, it is hard to see how the October 7 attack could be categorized as an act of resistance by freedom-fighters. At that time Gaza was under Israeli occupation and was evolving as a semi-independent min-state which, though subjected to harsh and unjust restrictions in some domains, could not be regarded as a colonized entity thirsty for independence. For Hamas, October 7 was a war of choice not a war of necessity, and its goal wasn’t just to terrorize a real or imaginary foe but to kill as many non-combatants as possible.
Terror is used to persuade or force an adversary into doing something you want or stop doing something you don’t want and sadly, in many instances it works. However, if an act of terror transcends certain boundaries, it could produce the opposite of what the terrorist hoped for. In other words, it is all a matter of dosage. Without the “Al-Aqsa Storm” raid no Israeli Prime Minster, let alone Benjamin Netanyahu who happened to have hit the nadir of unpopularity would have dared to launch a total war aimed at flushing Hamas out of Gaza and.
“General” Sinwar isn’t the first victim of unintended consequences and won’t be the last either.
In hindsight, it seems that the late leader of the Lebanese Hezbollah Hassan Nasrollah understood the importance of dosage in terror and/or resistance.
This is why initially to the surprise of some he refused to enter the danse-macabre opened by Sinwar. We may never know what persuaded or forced him to abandon his usual caution and join an adventure beyond his control. My guess is that he didn’t jump but was pushed. Your guess as to who pushed him.