English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For August 27/2024
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

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Bible Quotations For today
No one, when tempted, should say, ‘I am being tempted by God’; for God cannot be tempted by evil and he himself tempts no one, But one is tempted by one’s own desire, being lured and enticed by it
Letter of James 01/09-18/:”Let the believer who is lowly boast in being raised up, and the rich in being brought low, because the rich will disappear like a flower in the field. For the sun rises with its scorching heat and withers the field; its flower falls, and its beauty perishes. It is the same with the rich; in the midst of a busy life, they will wither away. Blessed is anyone who endures temptation. Such a one has stood the test and will receive the crown of life that the Lord has promised to those who love him. No one, when tempted, should say, ‘I am being tempted by God’; for God cannot be tempted by evil and he himself tempts no one. But one is tempted by one’s own desire, being lured and enticed by it; then, when that desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin, and that sin, when it is fully grown, gives birth to death. Do not be deceived, my beloved. Every generous act of giving, with every perfect gift, is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change. In fulfilment of his own purpose he gave us birth by the word of truth, so that we would become a kind of first fruits of his creatures.

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on August 26-27/2024
For the Sake of Activating our Memory/Etienne Sakr - Abu Arz/ August 26, 2024
Lebanon pushes for UNIFIL extension without changes
Israel says Hezbollah thwarted but situation on Lebanon border 'not sustainable'
After Hezbollah-Israel Exchange, Lebanese Wary Conflict Could Drag On
Israel Says Hezbollah Thwarted but Situation on Lebanon Border 'Not Sustainable'
Flights to Beirut Resume on Tuesday
Hamas Official Injured in Saida Raid
Lebanon Bids Farewell to Former Prime Minister Salim Hoss
Borell Backs Lebanon’s Calls for Immediate Implementation of 1701
August 4: Pope Francis Calls for ‘Truth and Justice’
Is Algeria’s Sonatrach Poised for a Comeback?
Editorial – Political Behavior and the Realities of Lebanon/Michel Touma/This Beirut/August 26/2024
ROSNEFT Abandons Project to Develop Tripoli Facilities
Israeli airstrikes hit multiple towns across southern Lebanon
Lebanon's FM calls for UNIFIL extension without amendments during diplomatic meeting
Israel's Unit 8200 at Glilot base: More details about the Israeli Unit 8200 base that Hezbollah targeted
Its economy and infrastructure battered, can Lebanon afford a war with Israel?
What is Hezbollah in Lebanon and will it go to war with Israel?
A State in a Hole and a Party in a TunnelSam Menassa/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Blessed is the one who came in the name of the people/Edmond El-Chidiac/Beirut Times/27 August/2024

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on August 26-27/2024
Gaza ceasefire talks in Cairo continue to iron out details, White House says
Cairo talks end in stalemate: Israel's assessment of the situation in Lebanon and Gaza
Israel announces air strike in West Bank, Palestinian Authority says 5 dead
UN aid operations in Gaza halted after Israel evacuation orders
Egypt Reiterates That it Has Not Accepted Israeli Presence in Rafah Border Crossing or Philadelphi Corridor
UN Aid Operations in Gaza Halted after Israel Evacuation Orders
Patients Flee Gaza Hospital after Latest Evacuation Order from Israel
Families Flee After New Israeli Evacuation Orders in Gaza as Ceasefire Hopes Dim
Israeli Hardliner Ben-Gvir Repeats Call for Prayer at Al-Aqsa Mosque Compound
French Far-Right Oppose Leftist Prime Minister, Complicating Calculus for Macron
Iran doesn’t seek to increase regional tensions, FM tells Italian counterpart
Iran publicly hangs a man convicted of murder
Iran doesn't seek to raise regional tensions, foreign minister tells Italian counterpart
Kremlin Says There Will Be a Response to Ukraine’s Kursk Attack
Ratney: US Expediting Strategic Agreements with Saudi Arabia
Kuwait Picks New Finance and Trade Ministers in Cabinet Shuffle

Titles For The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on August 26-27/2024
‘That Dreadful Day’: Lessons for the West from This Day in History/Raymond Ibrahim/The Stream/August 26, 2024
What’s behind the bloodiest recent attacks in Pakistan's Baluchistan province?/Riazat Butt/ISLAMABAD (AP)/August 26, 2024
How Difficult it Is to End a War/Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Advanced US Radar and Special Israeli Unit to Hunt Hamas Leader, Sinwar/Mark Mazzetti, Ronen Bergman, Julian E. Barnes and Adam Goldman/The New York Times/August 26/2024
A Decaying Near-East and the Purview of Negotiations/Charles Chartouni /This Beirut/August 26/2024

Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on August 26-27/2024
For the Sake of Activating our Memory
Etienne Sakr - Abu Arz/ August 26, 2024
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/08/133665/
From the assassination of Kamal Jumblatt and Mufti Hassan Khaled to the murders of Bashir Gemayel, Rafik Hariri, members of the May 14 Gathering, and the victims of the Beirut port explosion, up to the assassination of Lokman Slim and many others—Lebanon has witnessed countless major crimes since the seventies. Yet, these cases remain buried in the basements of the Ministry of Justice, untouched and unresolved, as if in a deep, eternal slumber. No one dares to reopen these files; no one inquires, demands, or listens.
The collapse of states is often rooted in the absence of the rule of law, a reality that has placed Lebanon at the top of the list of failed states worldwide.
The question is: when will you, the Lebanese people, wake up from your deep sleep? Remember, in this dark and unjust East, rights are not given—they are taken by force.
Long Live Lebanon
Etienne Sakr - Abu Arz

Lebanon pushes for UNIFIL extension without changes
NAJIA HOUSSARI/Arab News/August 26, 2024
BEIRUT: Lebanon’s Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib reiterated Lebanon’s support for the extension of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon mandate for an additional year without any modifications to the existing resolution. The UN Security Council is expected to renew the peacekeeping mission’s mandate at the end of this month, as it has annually since Resolution 1701 was adopted in 2006 after a 33-day war between Lebanon and Israel. Bou Habib met on Monday with the ambassadors of France, China, Spain and Italy, as well as the charge d’affaires of the embassies of Russia and the UK. The meetings were part of Lebanon’s efforts to secure an extension for UNIFIL forces, whose mandate expires at the end of this month. Bou Habib discussed the developments regarding the extension during a telephone conversation with Lisa Johnson, the US ambassador to Lebanon. The government intensified its diplomatic drive on the UNIFIL extension as Israeli and Hezbollah strikes and counter strikes on the border resumed on Monday. Israel and Hezbollah pulled back after an exchange of heavy fire on Sunday that briefly raised fears of an all-out war. Iran praised Hezbollah’s drone and missile assault in a statement by the foreign ministry: “The strategic balances have shifted to the detriment of the Zionist regime, as the terrorist Israeli army has lost its deterrence and offensive capabilities, and it needs to defend itself against strategic strikes.” The press release claimed that “the strategic equation has changed, and the myth of the invincible army has become an empty slogan.” On Monday, an Israeli attempt to kill a Hamas official in a residential neighbourhood of Sidon failed. An Israeli combat drone targeted a car in the city as Hamas leader Nidal Hleihel was approaching the vehicle. The car was later seen on fire, while Hleihel narrowly avoided the strike. Other reports claimed that Hleihel and his family members suffered injuries. Cautious calm prevailed in the Lebanon-Israel border area on Monday morning, a day after Hezbollah’s retaliation operation for the assassination of senior military commander Fouad Shukr, and what Israel called “a pre-emptive action” to paralyze Hezbollah’s launchers from firing rockets toward army positions. Israeli aircraft struck Lebanese border towns on Monday. Warplanes and combat drones targeted an area between Taybeh and Odaisseh, and the towns of Kfarkela, Alma Al-Shaab, Tayr Harfa and Hanine. Israeli incursions into southern Lebanon airspace continued over southern Lebanon, reaching the Bekaa and Beirut’s suburbs. “The two measured and controlled military responses on Sunday — one by Hezbollah and the other by Israel,” a political observer in Lebanon said, prevented an all-out war.
Residents of Beirut’s southern suburbs, who had left in recent days fearing repercussions after Hezbollah’s response, returned to their homes. In a speech on Sunday evening, Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah sought to reassure his supporters, leading hundreds of young people to take to the streets of the southern suburbs on their motorcycles and carrying Hezbollah flags in celebration of what they perceived as “the retaliation against Israel.” Hezbollah and Israel returned the following day to operate under the framework of avoiding a full-scale war while adhering to flexible yet carefully considered rules of engagement. Sirens sounded in several settlements in Western Galilee as a warning of potential attacks from Hezbollah. Israeli media reported that the alarms were heard in Arab Al-Aramshe, Adamit and Hanita in western Galilee. Israel’s military released a video to confirm “Israeli strikes on Hezbollah positions in southern Lebanon.” The footage displayed a segment of a drone being intercepted by a combat helicopter, as well as aerial refueling operations in Lebanese airspace. Nasrallah said that Hezbollah had “attacked the Glilot base of the Israeli military intelligence directorate ‘Aman’ located near Tel Aviv, as well as the Ein Shemer base in Hadera.” To achieve this, Hezbollah launched 340 Katyusha rockets at northern Israel to distract attention from the trajectory of its suicide drones aimed at Tel Aviv. It attacked 11 locations during the operation, including barracks and military command centers.

Israel says Hezbollah thwarted but situation on Lebanon border 'not sustainable'
James Mackenzie/JERUSALEM (Reuters)/August 26, 2024
JERUSALEM (Reuters) - Israeli officials and media reacted with satisfaction on Monday after a long-expected missile attack by the Iranian-backed Hezbollah movement appeared to have been largely thwarted by pre-emptive Israeli strikes in southern Lebanon. Both Hezbollah and Israel seemed content to let Sunday's attack, in retaliation for the killing of a senior Hezbollah commander in Beirut last month, count as settled for the moment. Israeli government spokesperson David Mencer said Hezbollah had suffered a "crushing blow" from the Israeli strikes but that a longer lasting solution was still needed. "The current situation is not sustainable," he told a briefing, referring to the tens of thousands evacuated from their homes in northern Israel, a situation mirrored on the other side of the border in southern Lebanon. "Israel will do its duty and return its population to our sovereign territory." Hopes that children might return for the start of the new school year in September have evaporated, with financial assistance for residents evacuated from their homes extended to Dec 31.
However there was some optimism that the exchange of fire, which did not cause the kind of extensive damage many in Israel had feared, might help talks aimed at halting the fighting in Gaza and bringing Israeli and foreign hostages home. Palestinian militant group Hamas has said it will not agree to a deal that allows Israeli troops to remain in the band of territory at the southern edge of the Gaza Strip along the border with Egypt. But some commentators said Sunday's exchange of fire might prove that Hamas lacked the kind of support it would need to push the conflict outside Gaza.
"Maybe - just maybe - Israel's success at foiling Hezbollah’s retaliation might pave the way to concessions by Hamas in the negotiations over a hostage deal, given the failed bid to see the war expanded to engulf the entire region," wrote Avi Issacharoff, a commentator in Israel's biggest-selling daily Yedioth Ahronoth. In the early hours of Sunday morning, around 100 Israeli jets hit dozens of Hezbollah launch sites in southern Lebanon, destroying thousands of rockets the military said were aimed at Israel. Hezbollah did launch hundreds of missiles, but most were intercepted or fell in open areas. Hezbollah denied that its response to the killing of its senior commander Fuad Shukr had been defused, but said the operation had been completed successfully, drawing hopes that a line might be drawn under the incident, at least for now. Iran, which has vowed retaliation against Israel for the assassination in Tehran last month of Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh, also said it was not looking to fuel regional tensions.

After Hezbollah-Israel Exchange, Lebanese Wary Conflict Could Drag On
Asharq Al Awsat/August 26, 2024
Residents of Lebanese cities felt only partial relief on Monday that one of the biggest exchanges of fire between armed group Hezbollah and the Israeli military the previous day was over, worn down by the relentless tension of 10 months of conflict. Early on Sunday, Hezbollah launched rockets and drones at Israel to avenge a commander killed in an Israeli strike last month. Israeli jets struck dozens of targets in south Lebanon, in what residents there said felt like the "apocalypse". Many feared that the exchange of fire, the heaviest since hostilities began between Hezbollah and Israel in parallel with the war in Gaza, could trigger a regional conflagration. But by the end of the day, both sides appeared to signal that the episode was over - for now. "People are relieved, or are relieved a bit, because they took a breather after this attack," Reuters quoted Mohamed Ftouni, a Lebanese shop owner in the southern port city of Tyre. "We hope that something good will happen, to have some commercial activity and for the situation to improve. Our only hope is that there will be a ceasefire so that we can be done (with war) in Gaza and here, for people to relax more."
Hezbollah has said that it will not stop firing at Israel without a ceasefire for Gaza. Talks on a truce have yet to produce a deal.
IMPACT ON TOURISM
The intensity of fighting between Hezbollah and Israel has ratcheted up steadily, displacing tens of thousands of people on either side of the Lebanese-Israeli frontier and striking a blow to Lebanon's tourism industry, which relies heavily on the summer season. Fears of a major escalation spiked after a strike in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights last month killed 12 young people. The Israeli military assassinated Hezbollah's top military commander Fuad Shukr in response, and Hezbollah vowed to avenge him - leaving the region anxious that a full-scale war was looming.However, after Sunday's exchange, both Israel and Hezbollah appeared to resume the previous pace of strikes. Hezbollah claimed two attacks on Israeli military posts by Monday, and an Israeli strike in south Lebanon targeted an official from Palestinian faction Hamas. He survived, a security source said. Ibrahim Hussein, another shopkeeper in Tyre, said Lebanon was now back to "the same situation as before".But the situation has been enough to rattle many Lebanese. On Monday afternoon, Israeli jets broke the sound barrier over Beirut, shaking glass throughout the city. Talal Sidani, the owner of an artisanal shop in the capital, said he would rather get a war over with than be constantly nervous about when it could start. "War? Let there be war. We want to work. There's no work, here we are sitting. Especially us, we have touristic stores, and we rely on tourism - if there is no tourism, bye bye my dears," he told Reuters.

Israel Says Hezbollah Thwarted but Situation on Lebanon Border 'Not Sustainable'
Asharq Al Awsat/August 26, 2024
Israeli officials and media reacted with satisfaction on Monday after a long-expected missile attack by the Iranian-backed Hezbollah movement appeared to have been largely thwarted by pre-emptive Israeli strikes in southern Lebanon, according to Reuters. Both Hezbollah and Israel seemed content to let Sunday's attack, in retaliation for the killing of a senior Hezbollah commander in Beirut last month, count as settled for the moment. Israeli government spokesperson David Mencer said Hezbollah had suffered a "crushing blow" from the Israeli strikes but that a longer lasting solution was still needed. "The current situation is not sustainable," he told a briefing, referring to the tens of thousands evacuated from their homes in northern Israel, a situation mirrored on the other side of the border in southern Lebanon. "Israel will do its duty and return its population to our sovereign territory." Hopes that children might return for the start of the new school year in September have evaporated, with financial assistance for residents evacuated from their homes extended to Dec 31. However there was some optimism that the exchange of fire, which did not cause the kind of extensive damage many in Israel had feared, might help talks aimed at halting the fighting in Gaza and bringing Israeli and foreign hostages home. Hamas has said it will not agree to a deal that allows Israeli troops to remain in the band of territory at the southern edge of the Gaza Strip along the border with Egypt. But some commentators said Sunday's exchange of fire might prove that Hamas lacked the kind of support it would need to push the conflict outside Gaza. "Maybe - just maybe - Israel's success at foiling Hezbollah’s retaliation might pave the way to concessions by Hamas in the negotiations over a hostage deal, given the failed bid to see the war expanded to engulf the entire region," wrote Avi Issacharoff, a commentator in Israel's biggest-selling daily Yedioth Ahronoth. In the early hours of Sunday morning, around 100 Israeli jets hit dozens of Hezbollah launch sites in southern Lebanon, destroying thousands of rockets the military said were aimed at Israel. Hezbollah did launch hundreds of missiles, but most were intercepted or fell in open areas. Hezbollah denied that its response to the killing of its senior commander Fuad Shukr had been defused, but said the operation had been completed successfully, drawing hopes that a line might be drawn under the incident, at least for now. Iran, which has vowed retaliation against Israel for the assassination in Tehran last month of Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh, also said it was not looking to fuel regional tensions.

Flights to Beirut Resume on Tuesday
This Is Beirut/August 26, 2024
Flights to Beirut will resume on Tuesday following a speech by Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah on Sunday. Nasrallah announced that the retaliation against Israel had been “accomplished,” which appears to have reassured airlines. Sunday’s Hezbollah attack on Israel was part of the “response” to the murder of Hezbollah executive Fouad Shokr in late July. Airlines resuming flights include Royal Jordanian and Air France, along with its subsidiary Transavia. French carrier Air France, which had suspended flights to Beirut until August 26, has confirmed it will operate its flight to Beirut scheduled for August 27 at 9 AM, according to Tony Daccache, Air France’s agent in Lebanon. For reference, Europe’s leading airline, Lufthansa, has extended its suspension of flights to Beirut until September 30 due to the armed conflict between Hezbollah and Israel in southern Lebanon, which has been ongoing for over 10 months.
What about MEA?
Unlike other airlines, Lebanon’s Middle East Airlines (MEA) has maintained most of its flights despite the hostilities on the southern front. As usual, MEA announced on Friday that flights from August 25 to August 31 would proceed, with some modifications.

Hamas Official Injured in Saida Raid
This Is Beirut/August 26, 2024
After a relative calm in southern Lebanon, an Israeli drone attack on Monday morning targeted the vehicle of a Palestinian Hamas leader who had previously been targeted with two missiles between Haret Saida and the town of Abra.
Initial reports suggest that Nidal Hleihel was the intended target and that he survived the attack. Annahar Newspaper reported that Hleihel was shot “while exiting his residence and making his way to his vehicle, causing severe injuries to his legs.”
Earlier, Israeli strikes targeted Alma al-Shaab and Tayr Harfa, without causing casualties. A drone launched a targeted missile strike at the Litani River, located between the municipalities of Zawtar al-Sharqiya and Deir Siryan. Israeli spy planes also conducted surveillance over villages in the Tyre caza.
The Israeli Ministry of Defense released a video on its X account showcasing Sunday’s attacks on Hezbollah’s locations in southern Lebanon, including footage of a combat helicopter intercepting a drone, radio communications during the strikes, and aircraft being refueled in Lebanese airspace. The video also features both an F-35 plane and a combat helicopter. Yesterday, the Israeli military declared that “almost 100 fighter jets were involved in the airstrikes,” which thwarted a “major attack” planned by Hezbollah. The Israeli military also mentioned that “a large number of Hezbollah rocket launchers had been destroyed,” in contrast to the 6,000 that were previously reported. Moreover, diplomats informed Reuters that “Israel and Hezbollah communicated after the dawn attacks on Sunday” – which lasted only four hours – indicating that “neither side wanted an escalation.

Lebanon Bids Farewell to Former Prime Minister Salim Hoss

This Is Beirut/August 26, 2024
Politicians and leaders from across Lebanon’s political divide praised former Prime Minister Salim Hoss, who was put to rest on Monday in a national funeral. The five-time prime minister and veteran economist passed away on Sunday at the age of 94. Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri praised Hoss as one of the few great men “who contributed to the making of Lebanon’s modern history.”“He was an Arab in his Arabism… and a Lebanese at heart.”Caretaker Minister of Foreign Affairs Abdallah Bou Habib wrote, “I knew him first when we were in disagreement in a dark era of Lebanon’s history… Today, we bid farewell to a state’s man of the highest caliber who never sought a privilege, or denied his convictions and the public interest.”The caretaker Minister of Industry, George Bouchikian, said, “Lebanon misses the likes of Salim Hoss, a man of science and the rule of law.”MP Tony Franjieh wrote on the X platform, “A man of moderation and transparency who hoped that the voice of dialogue and integrity will always prevail over the voices of intolerance and corruption.”

Borell Backs Lebanon’s Calls for Immediate Implementation of 1701
This Is Beirut/August 26, 2024
Josep Borell, High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, supported Lebanon’s demands for the immediate implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701.In a phone conversation with caretaker Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister Abdallah Bou Habib on Monday, both sides expressed disappointment over the absence of progress in the recent round of talks aiming to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza. Negotiations took place in Cairo last week, following an initial round in Doha, and highlighted the need to persist in trying to halt the ceasefire in Gaza as the key step in stopping the current escalation in the region and preventing a full-fledged war. For his part, Bou Habib emphasized the importance of the European Union applying pressure on Israel to halt its continuous attacks on Lebanon and abide by the implementation of Resolution 1701.

August 4: Pope Francis Calls for ‘Truth and Justice
This Is Beirut/August 26, 2024
Pope Francis calls for “truth and justice” regarding the Beirut Port explosion, on August 4, 2020. In a meeting with the families of victims on Monday, the Pope affirmed his stance “in seeking truth and justice which have not yet been achieved.”“It is widely acknowledged that the matter is intricate and problematic, with various conflicting forces and interests at play,” the Pope added. A delegation representing the families of the victims of the Beirut port explosion is in the Vatican. The visit and audience are purely pastoral, aimed at providing spiritual support from the Pope to those affected by the explosion. Nonetheless, this audience brings increased visibility to the cause of the victims’ families.

Is Algeria’s Sonatrach Poised for a Comeback?
Christiane Tager/This Beirut/August 26/2024
This is Beirut revisits the Sonatrach case, focusing on the global Algerian company that was a key supplier of natural gas to Lebanon until 2021. Following a scandal, Lebanon sought new sources, shifting its energy imports to Iraq. Today, Monday, Lebanon is scheduled to receive a gasoil shipment from Algeria, a much-needed boost to address its chronic “electricity” crisis. This occasion provides an opportunity to reflect on the 2009 agreement between Sonatrach and Lebanon’s electricity company, Électricité du Liban (EDL). Founded in 1963, Sonatrach is Algeria’s hydrocarbons company, ranking among the largest in Africa and globally. It manages every phase of the petroleum and natural gas sector in Algeria, encompassing exploration, production, transportation, transformation and marketing. In 2009, Sonatrach and EDL concluded a contract under which the Algerian company provided gasoil to fuel Lebanese power plants, addressing Lebanon’s recurring electricity shortages. The agreement outlined gas quantities, as well as gasoil technical specifications and quality standards. Pricing was tied to global oil price fluctuations, with periodic adjustments reflecting market conditions. Deliveries were conducted via maritime transport in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Delivery frequency and volume were adapted to meet EDL’s needs and supply conditions.
Termination of contract in 2021
In 2021, Sonatrach informed EDL that it would not be renewing their fuel import contract. This decision was primarily driven by Lebanon’s severe economic and financial crisis, which led to major delays in payments and difficulties in meeting financial commitments. Additionally, Lebanon’s political instability further strained relations with Sonatrach. The contract’s termination also followed the 2019 “defective fuel” scandal, in which Lebanon received fuel that did not meet the required standards, despite certificates of conformity from the point of origin. This was compounded by allegations of corruption, including bribery related to obtaining construction and service contracts in Lebanon. The scandal drew significant attention due to its potential impact on international relations and regional affairs. Subsequently, Lebanese judicial authorities launched a legal case in April 2020, with charges filed against 22 individuals. However, the case was eventually dropped. After Sonatrach ceased its operations, Lebanon turned to Iraq for its fuel needs. On July 23, 2021, both countries signed an agreement, effective from September 2021, under which Iraq committed to supplying fuel to Lebanese power plants at favorable terms, with a monthly delivery of 100,000 tons. The annual agreement was renewed first in August 2022 and then again in May 2023, with Iraq increasing its supply to 1.5 million tons per year. Nevertheless, due to its high sulfur content, Iraqi fuel cannot be directly used in Lebanese power plants. Therefore, Lebanon purchases a suitable type of fuel from other suppliers through a tender process, and these suppliers, in turn, receive the Iraqi fuel.

Editorial – Political Behavior and the Realities of Lebanon
Michel Touma /This Beirut/August 26/2024
In his book Lebanon and the Surrounding Countries, the renowned historian Jawad Boulos—who played a key role in the Lebanese Front, a sovereignty-oriented group during the early stages of the war—argues that geography and the natural environment are fundamental factors in shaping the history of a nation. With the dramatic advancements in communication and transportation technologies, some today challenge this view, suggesting that geography’s impact on history and the socio-cultural characteristics of a population within a given territory may be less significant than once believed.
In Lebanon’s unique context, the impact of geography—especially the country’s mountainous terrain and varying proximity to the “center”—continues to influence the political behavior of its diverse social groups. This influence is most apparent in the ingrained communal instincts that persist across generations. Walid Joumblatt recently highlighted this during a discussion in Achrafieh, organized by former minister Ibrahim Najjar. He shared that his visit to Becharre for his granddaughter’s baptism, near the symbolic Qadicha Valley, gave him a deeper appreciation for the resilience, determination and deep-rooted connection to the land exhibited by the Maronites of the northern highlands. Walid Joumblatt’s insightful remark sheds light, perhaps unintentionally, on deeply entrenched societal realities in Lebanon that many chose to overlook. Ignoring these realities risks stirring dangerous sectarian tensions. Lebanon’s history, both past and present, is rife with examples of factions that, believing they had reached an unassailable peak of power, disregarded the unique sensitivities and characteristics of other communities. Time has repeatedly demonstrated that the dominance of these politically shortsighted factions was ultimately short-lived. This political blindness can be explained either by an extreme arrogance that defies comprehension or by a profound ignorance of local realities, including the impact of geographical features on the collective mindset, behavior and the particularities of different segments of society. For instance, Hezbollah has, for decades—particularly since 2004—demonstrated a noticeable disregard for, or lack of understanding of, the societal realities in Lebanon.
In a recent television interview, former MP and ex-Secretary General of March 14, Fares Souhaid, pointedly remarked that Hezbollah “does not know Lebanon.” The extensive history and conduct of the pro-Iranian group, especially since the Syrian withdrawal in 2005, indeed reveal significant shortcomings in grasping the realities and intricacies of “deep Lebanon,” both within the party’s leadership and among its regional backers. Hezbollah’s misunderstanding of Lebanon’s socio-political and communal realities has led to significant issues. The party views Lebanon as its “private domain,” which it manipulates at its discretion. This perspective has plunged the country into ongoing wars and conflicts that primarily serve Tehran’s hegemonic ambitions. Hezbollah has effectively taken the entire population hostage, showing a blatant disregard for the need for genuine civil peace that Lebanese people have been denied for decades.
This disregard for local complexities has led to reckless actions, such as the militia invasion on May 7, 2008, of Beirut neighborhoods controlled by the Future Movement to subdue the Sunni group, and even more egregiously, the attempt to seize Druze strongholds in the Mountain region. Additionally, the failed offensive against the Christian stronghold of Ain el-Remmane on October 14, 2021, and periodic social media attacks on Bkerke and the Maronite patriarch—due to his repeated calls for Lebanese neutrality—further exemplify this fundamental misjudgment of Lebanon’s intricate social and political fabric.
Moreover, the pro-Iranian party recently sought to assert its control over the Sunni region of Saida by unsuccessfully trying to marginalize the city’s Sunni MP, Oussama Saad. Since the 2022 legislative elections, Saad has distanced himself from Hezbollah, rejecting blind allegiance to the Shiite party. This misstep has inadvertently bolstered Saad’s popularity and enhanced his political standing. The list of these perilous blunders, often marked by the use of violence, is extensive. Each one deepens the growing resentment towards a faction that treats Lebanon merely as a stage for advancing the ambitions of the Supreme Leader of the Iranian Islamic Revolution. Let us dream of a near future where Hezbollah’s leadership makes a genuine intellectual effort to grasp the profound connection that other Lebanese communities have with their land, mountains, freedom, beliefs, customs, culture and history.

ROSNEFT Abandons Project to Develop Tripoli Facilities
Bassam Abou Zeid /This Beirut/August 26/2024
ROSNEFT has abandoned its contract to develop oil storage facilities in Tripoli, which were supposed to stock 450,000 tons of petroleum derivatives. The contract, signed in January 2019 under the sponsorship of then-Minister of Energy Cesar Abi Khalil, had a lifespan of 20 years and required an investment of $30 to $50 million to set the project on track. The Russian company’s withdrawal from the project was reportedly due to sanctions imposed on Russia following the outbreak of the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Although ROSNEFT adhered to the contract for three years, no significant steps were taken to implement it. There was an initial tender for secondary companies to start the process of repairing the storage tanks, and two companies – one Lebanese and one Egyptian – qualified for the job. However, the project did not proceed to implementation. After ROSNEFT’s withdrawal, officials at the Ministry of Energy reportedly sought to retrieve the project file, only to be told it was lost. When the contract was originally awarded to the Russian company, it aligned with the political strategy of the Free Patriotic Movement (FPM), which was allied with Hezbollah and supported a shift toward Russia and China. The United States Embassy in Lebanon had expressed concerns and objected to the contract, suspecting that there might be concealed motives behind it. The search for an alternative to ROSNEFT does not seem to be a priority for the Ministry of Energy. However, there have been reports that officials from Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) expressed interest in studying and discussing the project. But when this was presented to the current minister of energy, he reportedly dismissed the company due to potential political sensitivities, and the discussions did not go further. It was also revealed that before ROSNEFT withdrew from the project, Lebanese officials had proposed that the Russians sell two shipments of fuel oil to Lebanon’s electricity company, Électricité du Liban (EDL), and that the money from the sale be used to develop the Tripoli storage facilities. The Russian side, however, rejected this proposal for unspecified reasons. The failure of this project revives concerns about Lebanon’s need for a strategic reserve of petroleum derivatives to manage fuel crises during both peacetime and wartime. Such a reserve could also help avoid electricity crises. Discussions have reportedly taken place within the EDL board of directors about the possibility of EDL using its own funds to repair the Tripoli facilities. This would allow it to import and store surplus quantities of fuel and gas oil to avert power outages due to depletion of diesel that led to the stoppage of the Deir Ammar and Zahrani power plants.

Israeli airstrikes hit multiple towns across southern Lebanon
LBCI/August 26, 2024
Israeli airstrikes targeted several towns across southern Lebanon early Monday.  The strikes, which began at dawn and continued throughout the morning, hit more than 25 towns, including Ain Qana, Kfar Fila, Al-Lwaiza, Bouslaiya, Rachaf, At Tiri, Haddatha, Kounine, Zibqin, Yater, Seddiqine, Haris, Deir Seryan, Naqoura, Tallouseh, and Tayr Harfa. In addition, other towns were targeted, including Majdal Zoun, Aalma El Chaeb, Jebbayn, Chihine, Mahmoudiyeh, Berghoz, Mayss El Jabal, Markaba, Jabal el Rafiaa, and Wadi Dlafy. The Israeli military also conducted a raid in the Tyre area, deep in southern Lebanon, later in the day. Moreover, an Israeli drone targeted a vehicle in the city of Khiam and the outskirts of the Aalman area.

Lebanon's FM calls for UNIFIL extension without amendments during diplomatic meeting
LBCI/August 26, 2024
Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib met with ambassadors from France, China, Spain, and Italy, as well as the acting ambassadors of Russia and the United Kingdom, to discuss the extension of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL).
The talks focused on the ongoing negotiations at the UN Security Council regarding the extension of UNIFIL's mandate for an additional year. Bou Habib reiterated Lebanon's firm stance on extending the mandate without modifying the existing resolution. In a separate phone call, Bou Habib updated the US Ambassador to Lebanon on the latest developments concerning the extension of UNIFIL's mandate. Bou Habib also discussed recent security developments in Lebanon and the broader region with the Cypriot Ambassador. They addressed ongoing efforts to secure a ceasefire in Gaza and the extension of UNIFIL's mandate.

Israel's Unit 8200 at Glilot base: More details about the Israeli Unit 8200 base that Hezbollah targeted
LBCI/August 26, 2024
Hezbollah announced that it targeted Unit 8200, a secretive Israeli Military Intelligence division, in retaliation for the assassination of Hezbollah military commander Fouad Shokor. The attack involved dozens of drones aimed at the unit's base, located at Glilot, approximately 110 kilometers from Lebanon and just 1.5 kilometers from Tel Aviv. Unit 8200, a key Israeli Military Intelligence Directorate (Aman) branch, specializes in covert operations, code-breaking, counterintelligence, and cyber warfare. While Hezbollah released an interactive map detailing the layout of the base, they did not provide footage of the actual strike or its aftermath, unlike the party's usual practice of documenting and broadcasting their operations, particularly when drones are involved. This ordeal has led to speculation about the possible reasons. One theory is that the long-range attack drones used in the mission may not have been equipped with cameras, prioritizing explosive payloads and fuel capacity instead. Another possibility is that Hezbollah deliberately withheld footage for tactical reasons or that the drones failed to reach their target. If Hezbollah's drones did strike their target, the group is likely attempting to obtain footage of the impact or the resulting damage. Meanwhile, Israel has remained silent on the matter, likely due to the strict military censorship overseen by Unit 8200, which has been in place since the onset of the war, particularly in relation to Al-Aqsa Flood Operation.Both sides have declared that their respective retaliatory actions have concluded for now. However, the ongoing Israeli military campaign in Gaza and the supporting fronts show no signs of ending, leaving the future of war uncertain.

Its economy and infrastructure battered, can Lebanon afford a war with Israel?
Kareem Chehayeb/BEIRUT (AP)/August 26, 2024
The ferocious exchange of fire by Hezbollah and the Israeli military is raising fears of a regional war beyond the tense border. The risks for Lebanon are far greater than in 2006, when a monthlong war with Israel ended in a draw. Lebanon has struggled with years of political and economic crises that left it indebted, without a stable electricity supply, a proper banking system and with rampant poverty. And with Hezbollah’s military power significantly greater, there are concerns that a new war would be far more destructive and prolonged.
Can Lebanon afford any of it?
Planning for a 2006 war repeat — or worse
Since Hezbollah and Israel began firing rockets and drones at each other a day after the start of the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza on Oct. 7, the conflict has been mostly limited to border towns. But with the threat of a wider war, Lebanon has scrambled to equip hospitals with supplies and prepare public schools to open up to people seeking shelter. A rare Israeli airstrike in southern Beirut last month that killed a top Hezbollah commander set off a flurry of meetings between humanitarian organizations and the Lebanese government, said Laila Al Amine, who heads the Beirut office of international relief organization Mercy Corps. It's one of some 60 organizations helping the government with its relief efforts. The government and U.N. agencies prepared a comprehensive response plan this month outlining two possible scenarios: a limited escalation that would resemble the 2006 war, with an estimated 250,000 people displaced, and a worst-case scenario of “uncontrolled conflict” that would displaced at least 1 million people. The U.N.-drafted plan, a copy of which was obtained by The Associated Press, projects a monthly cost of $50 million in case of a limited escalation and $100 million if an all-out war breaks out. The Lebanese government said that funding for the emergency will come from creditors and humanitarian aid organizations. But the authorities have struggled to find money to care for 100,000 currently displaced and an estimated 60,000 people living in conflict areas, which is costing about $24 million a month. Environment Minister Nasser Yassin, who is spearheading relief operations, told reporters after an emergency government meeting Sunday that the morning attacks won't change the plan. “It already presents scenarios of all the possibilities that could happen, among them is an expansion of the hostilities,” said Yassin.
Indebted and cash-strapped Lebanon desperate for aid money
Decades of corruption and political paralysis have left Lebanon’s banks barely functional, while electricity services are almost entirely in the hands of private diesel-run generator owners and fuel suppliers. Public service institutions rely on aid groups and international donors to function at a barebones level. Lebanese who once lived in relative comfort are receiving food and financial aid to survive. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic further battered the economy, and the Beirut port explosion flattened several neighborhoods in the heart of the capital. Lebanon’s banks and the ruling elite have resisted painful reforms as a condition for an International Monetary Fund bailout while the infrastructure continued to wither and living conditions worsened. Tourism, which officials had relied on to help rebuild the economy, has also taken a hit since the border conflict with Israel. And unlike in 2006, Lebanon is hosting more than 1 million Syrian refugees who fled the conflict in their country. Health Minister Firas Abiad told the AP earlier this month that the Lebanese health system is ill-equipped to treat the additional population in the event of an all-out war, as international funding for Syrian refugees continues to decline. In April, Yassin said the country had only half the money needed to respond to the conflict and ensuing humanitarian needs.
Lebanon faces tougher logistics
In 2006, Israel bombed the runways of Lebanon’s only airport, putting it largely out of commission, and imposed an air and sea blockade. Its bombardment crippled critical infrastructure and flattened neighborhoods, with damage and losses worth $3.1 billion, according to the World Bank. But aid groups eventually were able to send supplies through the country’s ports and at times through the airport using the remaining limited runway space. In their assessment of the war, the U.N. said that their relief efforts was not in response to a humanitarian crisis. “People did not die from poor sanitation, hunger or disease. They died from bombs and shells,” U.N. OCHA said in a report a month after the war. Many Lebanese were able to flee to neighboring Syria, where an uprising in 2011 plunged the country into a civil war. It's unclear how easy crossing the border would be this time, both for civilians and aid groups. It is also unclear whether the Beirut port, still not fully rebuilt after the devastating blast in 2020, would have sufficient capacity in case of a wider war. Its damaged grain silos collapsed in 2022, and the country relies on minimal food storage due to the financial crisis. “Lebanon apparently has stocks of food and fuel for two-three months, but what happens beyond this duration?” Al Amine said. “We only have one airport and we can’t transport things through our land borders. It would be difficult to bring items into the country.”
An empowered Hezbollah
In 2006, Hezbollah reportedly had some 15,000 rockets in its arsenal, “but more recent unofficial estimates suggest this number has multiplied by almost 10 times,” said Dina Arakji, associate analyst at U.K.-based risk consultancy firm Control Risks.
The group has also “acquired more advanced weaponry, including precision missiles and variants of Iranian arms, as well as Chinese and Russian weaponry,” she said.
Hezbollah, which relies on a network of Iran-backed allied groups that could enter the conflict, has also substantially expanded its drone arsenal and capabilities, against which Israeli air defenses are less effective. Lebanese officials and international diplomats hope that an elusive cease-fire agreement in Gaza will bring to calm in southern Lebanon. Hezbollah has said it will halt its attacks along the border if there is a cease-fire in Gaza.

What is Hezbollah in Lebanon and will it go to war with Israel?
BBC/Sun, August 25, 2024
Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah is a Shia cleric who has led Hezbollah since 1992 [Reuters]
The Israeli military has said its jets pre-emptively struck thousands of Hezbollah rocket launchers across southern Lebanon on Sunday, after identifying that Hezbollah was preparing an imminent attack on Israel. Hezbollah has said it launched hundreds of rockets and drones at Israel afterwards in an initial response to the assassination of a top commander last month, and denied that its plans were thwarted. It was a significant escalation after 10 months of near daily exchanges of fire across the Israel-Lebanon border, which have raised fears of an all-out war between the two foes.
What is Hezbollah?
Hezbollah is a Shia Muslim organisation which is politically influential and in control of the most powerful armed force in Lebanon. It was established in the early 1980s by the region's most dominant Shia power, Iran, to oppose Israel. At the time, Israel's forces had occupied southern Lebanon, during the country's civil war. Hezbollah has participated in national elections since 1992 and has become a major political presence. Its armed wing has carried out deadly attacks on Israeli and US forces in Lebanon. When Israeli troops withdrew from Lebanon in 2000, Hezbollah took credit for pushing them out.
as maintained thousands of fighters and a huge missile arsenal in southern Lebanon. It continues to oppose Israel's presence in disputed border areas. It is designated a terrorist organisation by Western states, Israel, Gulf Arab countries and the Arab League. In 2006, a full-blown war broke out between Hezbollah and Israel, triggered by a deadly cross-border raid by Hezbollah. Israeli troops invaded southern Lebanon to try to eliminate the threat from Hezbollah. However, it survived and has since increased its number of fighters and obtained new and better weapons.
Damage, destruction and fear along the Israel-Lebanon border
Who is Hezbollah's leader, Hassan Nasrallah?
Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah is a Shia cleric who has led Hezbollah since 1992.
He played a key role in turning it into a political, as a well as a military, force.
He has close links with Iran and its Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
Nasrallah has not appeared in public for years, purportedly for fear of being assassinated by Israel. However, he remains revered by Hezbollah, and delivers televised speeches every week.
How powerful are Hezbollah's forces?
Hezbollah is one of the most heavily-armed, non-state military forces in the world. It is funded and equipped by Iran. Hassan Nasrallah has claimed that it has 100,000 fighters, although independent estimates vary between 20,000 and 50,000.
Many are well trained and battle hardened, and have fought in the Syrian civil war. Chadia Kaddouh, stands amid rubble of her house that was destroyed by what she said was Israeli shelling, amidst tension between Israel and Hezbollah, in the southern town of Yater, Hezbollah has an estimated 120,000-200,000 rockets and missiles, according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies think tank. Most of its arsenal is made up of small, unguided surface-to-surface artillery rockets. But it also thought to have anti-aircraft and anti-ship missiles, as well as guided missiles capable of striking deep inside Israel. This is much more sophisticated than what Hamas, in the Gaza Strip, has at its disposal.
Could Hezbollah go to war with Israel?
Previously sporadic fighting escalated on 8 October - a day after the unprecedented attack on Israel by Hamas gunmen from Gaza - when Hezbollah fired at Israeli positions, in solidarity with the Palestinians. Since then, it has launched more than 8,000 rockets at northern Israel and Israeli positions on the Golan Heights, fired anti-tank missiles at armoured vehicles, and attacked military targets with explosive drones. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have retaliated, using air strikes and tank and artillery fire against Hezbollah positions in Lebanon. Lebanon's health ministry says more than 560 people have been killed over the past 10 months. Most of them were Hezbollah fighters, but at least 133 were civilians, according to the ministry. In Israel, authorities say at least 26 civilians and 23 soldiers have been killed. Almost 200,000 people have also been displaced on both sides of the border. Despite the fighting, observers say that up till now both sides have aimed to contain hostilities without crossing the line into full-scale war. But there are fears that the situation could spiral out of control. Those fears soared after the killing of 12 children in a rocket attack in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights on 27 July. Israel said Hezbollah carried out the attack, but the group denied involvement. On 30 July, the IDF announced that it had killed senior Hezbollah military commander Fuad Shukr in an air strike in Beirut's southern suburbs. The following day, Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh was killed in Iran's capital, Tehran. Israel neither confirmed nor denied involved. Ever since, the region has been waiting for a response from Hezbollah and Iran, who both vowed to retaliate against Israel. The US is hoping to de-escalate tensions by brokering a ceasefire and hostage release deal in Gaza, and is putting pressure on Israel and Hamas. Hezbollah has said it will only stop the hostilities once the fighting in Gaza ends.

A State in a Hole and a Party in a Tunnel
Sam Menassa/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Hezbollah recently released a video depicting a military facility in which vehicles loaded with missiles move across extensive, fortified, and illuminated tunnels. There had been talk about Hezbollah's tunnels before it made these unprecedented revelations. However, the matter did not receive the attention it deserved given the gravity of its implications and objectives. Some tied the announcement and its timing to the retaliation of the party to Israel's assassination of senior Hezbollah figure, Fuad Shukr. Regardless of the reasons for this revelation, which are important and fundamental, it has several dimensions. Some are related to the party, its path, behavior, and goals in Lebanon, others to Lebanon’s official stance, and still others to the popular perception of the party and the stance of ordinary Lebanese people regarding an event of this magnitude and gravity in national, political, and security terms.
First, it should be noted that digging tunnels has become prevalent in the Middle East. For over 15 years, Israeli outlets have been reporting on Hezbollah's reinforcement of its positions in southern Lebanon through the construction of tunnels throughout this troubled region. Having begun building a network of tunnels under Gaza that reaches Rafah and is reportedly 500 kilometers long, Hamas preceded Hezbollah in this regard. Right-wing Jewish settler groups have also joined in on the action, digging a tunnel between the City of David and Mughrabi Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem.
Naturally, each of these tunnel-digging initiatives serves particular objectives. Hezbollah had been preparing for a future battle with Israel, which it is now engaged in. Hamas dug tunnels to smuggle goods and weapons into Gaza and then turned them into fortified locations that have allowed it to continue fighting this war more than nine months after it began. The Israeli settlers, on the other hand, built it as part of an attempt to covertly link Jewish heritage sites.
These tunnels are being dug by powerful non-state actors who believe they have the right to operate underground, and anywhere else, in the name of a grand and sacred cause, disregarding state sovereignty, whether in Lebanon, Israel, or elsewhere. The saddest aspect of all of this is that elements within the sovereign state had known about or been complicit in this project. This reflects the hollowness of the authorities in question; it shows that they are either weak, do not take themselves seriously, or are complicit. Israel, for example, overlooks or acquiesces to the agendas of certain non-state actors.
These ideological non-governmental actors have sought to undermine states’ legitimacy in the Middle East for years. They have succeeded in making it impossible for states to obstruct their expanding destructive activities. We see this in Lebanon and, to an extent, Israel, where racially motivated religious extremist groups have mushroomed organically, creating visible fractures in Israeli society. "Non-state sovereignty" has become a real issue in the region, and “tunnel behavior” has become its latest manifestation.
All of this sets the stage for revisiting the three Lebanese dimensions of Hezbollah's decision to exhibit its tunnels, regardless of their actual size or number. The video should not come as a surprise. Indeed, tunnels have been part and parcel of the party's strategy for decades. It is also a reflection of the unilaterality of Hezbollah's actions and how the party has transformed, due to accumulated breaches, into the de facto ruler of the country. Hezbollah does not need to hide anymore. In fact, it is now the one who provides cover and support to complicit Lebanese factions and forces. Tunnels of this magnitude, which are possibly located in several regions of the country, provide glaring evidence of this occupying force’s capacity to expand its influence in a variety of regions, possibly beyond the south, as a result of nation authorities’ collapse, the complicity of some state elements, the sycophancy and opportunism of certain political forces, and the complacency of others who have prioritized personal gains over the course of decades.
As for the dimension tied to the Lebanese state, with that the concept of statehood having dissipated completely, it is no longer hyperbolic to assert that Lebanon is nothing more than a geographic space that has been reduced to "Hezbollah." The government is incapable of providing basic services like electricity, water, health, and education; how could possibly complain to the international community on behalf of those whom it represents? After the tunnels were exhibited publicly, the caretaker government became a bankruptcy trustee and a mediator for international parties seeking to prevent an expansion of the conflict.
Most frighteningly of all, there has been no popular reaction. The country has not seen a single protest or sit-in denouncing these practices. With the exception of the troubled southern regions and a few folkloric stances in the media whose only impact is to put their opposition on the record positions, life has continued normally and Lebanon is brimming with parties and festivals.
Adaptation, surrender, or despair are deadly diseases in Lebanon. No force could prevent a million Lebanese carrying lit candles every night in Martyrs' Square and merely demanding peace in Lebanon, instead of attending festivals in the thousands. Only a million candles could make an attempt at pulling Lebanon out of its new and old tunnels that Lebanon has remained in.

Blessed is the one who came in the name of the people
Edmond El-Chidiac/Beirut Times/27 August/2024
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/2024/08/44789/
Bachir Gemayel Speech - Ghosta - 01/09 ...
( Written On the anniversary of the election of the martyred President, Sheikh Bashir Gemayel, as President of the Lebanese Republic.)
To enter the sacred space of speaking about Bashir is like standing before the burning bush or trying to measure the limits of imagination. How can a pen and paper capture the dream that echoed in our consciences, the fervor that blazed in our veins, the pure spirit of resistance that penetrated our ribs, and the sprout of national politics that grew in our Lebanon, a land that had long been barren before Bashir Gemayel?
We now feel more than ever the void that Bashir left in the life of each one of us, and even more so the void he left at the national level as a whole. We also feel more than ever the importance of what Bashir Gemayel used to say, dream about, and strive to achieve. He wanted a homeland as vast as the dream, so he made the dream into agendas, plans for execution, and achievements.
The greatest achievement of Bashir Gemayel is that he showed us the path paved with the blood of thousands of martyrs before us. He taught us how to hold our heads high and look at the cause as a beacon, so we don't get lost in the dark labyrinths of this East, from which the stench of global politics emanates. And greater than all this is that he vaccinated us against all the diseases that arise from that stench. He vaccinated us with his words, his deeds, and with the greatest antidote, his martyrdom. He vaccinated us against subservience, except to our cause and our homeland.
He vaccinated us against slavery, subjugation, and kissing the boots of colonizers. He vaccinated us against accepting a homeland as a farm and a president who does not represent the will of the people, the people alone.
Before his election, he had set the standards for a president who deserves to lead a country like Lebanon, the qualities of a man who can be entrusted with the 10,452 square kilometers and the 6,000 years of civilization. He said, "We want a president who establishes a harmonious relationship between the senses of the nation, a man of vision whose national dream reaches the level of a vision, not someone with a political lust that does not exceed the boundaries of governance. We want a president who has stood, even once, before the grave of a martyr. We want a president who uses the verbs of anger, the tools of warning, the letters of rejection, and the nouns of determination, someone who comes to dismantle, not to continue, someone who moves Lebanon from a state of coexistence with the crisis and solutions projects to a state of escaping the crisis and imposing solutions."
After August 23, 1982, Bashir spent 22 days as an elected president, during which he drew the lines of the new Lebanon, the Lebanon that "will no longer be a mere stepping stone, nor a low wall, but will be a state in every sense of the word, capable of protecting itself, its interests, its existence, and the security of its citizens and their properties. We will not be subservient to anyone, nor will we accept anyone as a guardian over us, not even over a single inch of Lebanese land. The area of Lebanon is 10,452 square kilometers, and it will remain so."
He believed that a free and sovereign Lebanon could not exist with foreign armies on its soil, and that the presence of these armies or any auxiliary army undermines any role of the Lebanese army and destroys freedom and democracy. He said, as if his words were a prophecy of our current situation, "But where are the Lebanese who can elect a strong man with 30,000 Syrian soldiers, thousands of intelligence agents, and 600,000 Palestinians present? The withdrawal of the Syrian army from Lebanon is a necessity and a condition for conducting fair presidential elections."
Bashir was realistic on the ground as much as he was a man of great dreams. He believed that occupations can only be uprooted from the soil of the homeland by the hands, sacrifices, and blood of the homeland's sons themselves. Sovereignty must be seized, not begged for at the doors of great powers. He said, "We have become responsible for ourselves, for our destiny, for our nation, for everything that happens to us in terms of liberation and sovereignty, and for all the lands that will return to being Lebanese. We are not waiting for anyone's help, and we do not need anyone to die for us. Liberation must either be the result of our work, our sacrifices, and our martyrs, or we are a people unworthy of life and freedom."
Bashir, who launched the slogan of the 10,452 square kilometers, had absolute faith in the uniqueness of Lebanon, which, though limited in size, is a giant of civilization, universal in thought, self-contained, with roots in eternity and branches in infinity. He also had absolute faith in the uniqueness of the Lebanese people, believing that the people of Lebanon are still the only ones in this East who have their history present and their mission evident, with their distinctiveness being an undeniable fact. They look to the future in the light of their original, unique heritage, which has the resilience to protect it against the dangers of disappearance that the occupiers and coverers wish for it. He expressed this faith by saying, "The Lebanese cling to their unique existence in this geographical environment. They are like an oil drop that maintains its size, color, shape, identity, and purity, even if it mixes with any other body, no matter the size and type of that body, and remains at the top of all bodies, no matter how small it is, and no matter how large and expansive the other bodies are. History is also full of examples of peoples who rejected occupation, resisted it, and prevented it from being more than just the occupation of land and spaces without extending to the mind, heart, and soul."
With Bashir's thought, many things ended, and many new things were born.
– The saying "Lebanon's strength lies in its weakness" ended, and the theory of Lebanon's strength lies in the hands of its people, in its un-diminished sovereignty, and in a strong national army, both militarily and ideologically, was born.
– The politics of deception, mercantilism, lies, and concessions, and the idea of Lebanon as a farm ended, and the faith in Lebanon as a country, Lebanon of purity, truth, and the triumph of civilization even unto martyrdom, was born.
– The theory of tailoring the cause to fit the leader and his ambitions ended, and the theory of selecting a leader to fit the cause and the nation was born.
– The saying that Lebanon is composed of Christians, Muslims, Jews, etc., ended, and a firm belief was born that Lebanon is composed of Lebanese brothers in Lebanon, no matter their sect, as long as they believe in Lebanon the proud, sovereign, free, and independent, with no diminished sovereignty, absorbing all civilizations, rejecting any foreign army, whatever its name may be.
Bashir Gemayel was the alarm that awakened the great Lebanese spirit, which had been in deep sleep since the time of Fakhreddine. He was a candle that burned on the altar of Lebanon to light our way. A candle, even if it burned out prematurely, it was born shining brightly and eternally in the heart of every loyal Lebanese, faithful to the promise.
And we end with a word from Bashir of the 10,452 square kilometers, which does the topic justice when he said, "The attempt on my life, whether it succeeds or fails, will not affect the cause of Lebanon. The cause of Lebanon remains as long as there is an occupier, a settler, feudalism, repression, and oppression. Many pioneers of this cause have died, some in bed and some on the battlefield, but the cause continued to grow and expand in conscience, land, and the world. Every persecution of its ideas and pioneers deepens it in the conscience. I am with you in times of peace as in times of war. As for life, it is in God's hands..." (His Excellency President Sheikh Bashir Gemayel – March 27, 1979).

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on August 26-27/2024
Gaza ceasefire talks in Cairo continue to iron out details, White House says
Reuters/August 26, 2024
WASHINGTON: Negotiations in Cairo to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza and a hostage deal are still pressing ahead, White House national security spokesperson John Kirby said, adding that the discussions will continue on the working-group level for the next few days to iron out specific issues. Speaking to reporters in a virtual briefing, Kirby pushed back on suggestions that the talks have broken down, and said, on the contrary, that they were “constructive.” “The talks actually progressed to a point where they felt like the next logical step was to have working groups at lower levels to sit down to hammer out these finer details,” Kirby said. Brett McGurk, US President Joe Biden’s top Middle East aide at the White House who has been participating in the talks, will soon leave Cairo after staying an extra day to start the working-group talks, Kirby said. One of the issues to be tackled by the working groups will be the exchange of hostages Hamas is holding and Palestinian prisoners that Israel is holding, Kirby said. He said the details to be settled included how many hostages may be exchanged, their identities, and the pace of their potential release. Months of on-off talks have failed to produce an agreement to end Israel’s military campaign in Gaza or free the remaining hostages seized by Hamas in the militant group’s Oct. 7 attack on Israel that triggered the war. The latest round of negotiations came under the threat of a regional escalation. Over the weekend, Hezbollah launched hundreds of rockets and drones at Israel as Israel’s military said it struck Lebanon with around 100 jets to thwart a larger attack. But Kirby said the cross-border warfare over the weekend has not had an impact on the talks. Key sticking points in ongoing talks mediated by the United States, Egypt and Qatar include an Israeli presence in the so-called Philadelphi Corridor, a narrow 14.5-km-long (9-mile-long) stretch of land along Gaza’s southern border with Egypt. “There continues to be progress and our team on the ground continues to describe the talks as constructive,” Kirby said. Two Egyptian sources on Sunday said Israel expressed reservations about several of the Palestinian detainees Hamas is demanding be released, and Israel demanded their exit of Gaza if they are released. More than 40,400 Palestinians have been killed in the war, according to Gaza’s health ministry. Most of its 2.3 million people have been displaced multiple times and face acute shortages of food and medicine, humanitarian agencies say.

Cairo talks end in stalemate: Israel's assessment of the situation in Lebanon and Gaza
LBCI/August 26, 2024
Negotiations in Cairo officially concluded on Sunday without achieving any breakthrough that would bring hope for a near-term deal. However, mediators have continued their efforts behind the scenes, presenting proposals encouraging both sides to show more flexibility on key sticking points. Unlike previous rounds of talks, this session saw discussions on proposals outside the traditional negotiation framework. Among them were a temporary ceasefire agreement and another focusing on the most contentious issue, the Philadelphi Corridor. The proposal suggested a gradual Israeli withdrawal from the area—a move Hamas rejected, although Israel showed some openness to it, according to the Israeli delegation. As the talks wrapped up, Israel held a meeting to assess the impact of its preemptive strike against Hezbollah and the speech delivered by the group's Secretary-General Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah.  Tel Aviv identified the most significant takeaway from Nasrallah's remarks as his declaration that Hezbollah's retaliation for the assassination of commander Fouad Shokor was now complete. This assessment prompted Israeli security and military officials to refocus on the priority of achieving a deal regarding Gaza, alongside developing a strategic plan to make a breakthrough in negotiations before the end of the year. During an assessment of Sunday's actions at the Israeli army's operations headquarters, Defense Minister Yoav Gallant warned that military operations would continue until all threats to Israel were neutralized. He reaffirmed Israel's preference for a diplomatic resolution concerning Lebanon. Despite removing the immediate threat of Hezbollah's retaliation for the Dahieh operation—which kept Israel on edge for 40 days—the Israeli military remains on high alert, especially with the anticipation of an Iranian response. Moreover, coordination with Washington continues at the highest levels, bolstered by substantial US military support for Israel.  A statement from Israel's Defense Ministry revealed that since the onset of the Al-Aqsa Flood War, the Israeli military has received 50,000 tons of military equipment and weapons from the United States, transported by 500 cargo planes and 107 ships. Additionally, just last week, the Pentagon approved a $20 billion arms sale to Israel, which includes fighter jets, air-to-air missiles, armored vehicles, and tank shells.

Israel announces air strike in West Bank, Palestinian Authority says 5 dead
AFP/August 26, 2024
JERUSALEM: Israel said on Monday it carried out an air strike on the occupied West Bank, while the Palestinian Authority reported five killed in the incident. “A short while ago, an aircraft struck an operational center in the area of Nur Shams,” an Israeli military spokesperson said, without providing a casualty count or specifying who was targeted. “Five citizens were killed and others were injured,” the official Palestinian news agency Wafa said. Violence in the West Bank has surged alongside the war in Gaza, with more than 640 Palestinians killed by Israeli troops and settlers since Hamas’s October 7 attack, according to an AFP tally based on Palestinian health ministry figures. At least 19 Israelis have also died in Palestinian attacks during the same period, according to Israeli officials. A correspondent for Wafa reported hearing four loud explosions and said Monday’s strike targeted a house in the Nur Shams refugee camp. The camp near Tulkarem has been the target of multiple Israeli army operations.Fourteen people died in one two-day Israeli operation in Nur Shams in April, according to the Palestinian Red Crescent. And in July Israeli forces bulldozed the main street in Nur Shams during a raid that lasted 15 hours.

UN aid operations in Gaza halted after Israel evacuation orders
Michelle Nichols/UNITED NATIONS (Reuters)/August 26, 2024
United Nations humanitarian aid operations in Gaza ground to a halt on Monday after Israel issued new evacuation orders for Deir Al-Balah in the central Gaza Strip late on Sunday, a senior U.N. official said. "We're unable to deliver today with the conditions that we're in," said the official, speaking on condition of anonymity. "As of this morning, we're not operating in Gaza.""We're not leaving (Gaza) because the people need us there," the official said. "We're trying to balance the need of the population with the need for safety and security of the U.N. personnel." The official said U.N. staff on the ground had been directed to try and find a way to keep operating. He said U.N. operations had not been formally suspended. The official said the United Nations had relocated its main command operations for the Gaza Strip and most U.N. personnel to Deir Al-Balah after Israel ordered the evacuation of Rafah in the south of Gaza. "Where do we move now?" said the official, adding that U.N. staff had to be moved so quickly that equipment was left behind. "The challenge is to find a place where we can reset and effectively operate," the official said. "The space to operate is being restricted more and more than ever." The current war in the Gaza Strip began on Oct. 7, 2023, when Hamas gunmen stormed into Israeli communities, killing around 1,200 people and abducting about 250 hostages, according to Israeli tallies. Since then, Israel's military has leveled swathes of the Palestinian enclave, driving nearly all of its 2.3 million people from their homes, giving rise to deadly hunger and disease and killing at least 40,000 people, according to Palestinian health authorities.

Egypt Reiterates That it Has Not Accepted Israeli Presence in Rafah Border Crossing or Philadelphi Corridor
Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
DEgypt reiterates that it has not accepted an Israeli presence in the Rafah border crossing or Philadelphi corridor, state-affiliated Al Qahera News TV quoted a senior source as saying on Monday. A key sticking points in Gaza ceasefire talks mediated by the United States, Egypt and Qatar has been Israel's insistence on a presence in the so-called Philadelphi Corridor, a narrow 14.5-km-long (9-mile-long) stretch of land along Gaza's southern border with Egypt, Reuters reported. Meanwhile, more than 40,435 Palestinians have been killed and 93,534 have been wounded in Israeli military offensive on Gaza since Oct. 7, the Gaza health ministry said in a statement on Monday

UN Aid Operations in Gaza Halted after Israel Evacuation Orders

Asharq Al Awsat/August 26/2024
United Nations humanitarian aid operations in Gaza ground to a halt on Monday after Israel issued new evacuation orders for Deir al-Balah in the central Gaza Strip late on Sunday, a senior UN official said. "We're unable to deliver today with the conditions that we're in," said the official, speaking on condition of anonymity. "As of this morning, we're not operating in Gaza." "We're not leaving (Gaza) because the people need us there," the official said. "We're trying to balance the need of the population with the need for safety and security of the UN personnel." The official said UN staff on the ground had been directed to try and find a way to keep operating. He said UN operations had not been formally suspended. The official said the United Nations had relocated its main command operations for the Gaza Strip and most UN personnel to Deir al-Balah after Israel ordered the evacuation of Rafah in the south of Gaza.
"Where do we move now?" said the official, adding that UN staff had to be moved so quickly that equipment was left behind. "The challenge is to find a place where we can reset and effectively operate," the official said. "The space to operate is being restricted more and more than ever." The current war in the Gaza Strip began on Oct. 7, 2023, when Hamas gunmen stormed into Israeli communities, killing around 1,200 people and abducting about 250 hostages, according to Israeli tallies. Since then, Israel's military has leveled swathes of the Palestinian enclave, driving nearly all of its 2.3 million people from their homes, giving rise to deadly hunger and disease and killing at least 40,000 people, according to Palestinian health authorities.

Patients Flee Gaza Hospital after Latest Evacuation Order from Israel
Asharq Al Awsat/August 26/2024
War-weary Palestinians on Monday pushed wheelchair-bound and bed-ridden patients through the streets of central Gaza, evacuating a hospital in a frantic bid to stay ahead of feared Israeli bombardment. The Israeli military had told people the day before to "evacuate immediately" a part of Deir al-Balah city because it planned to "act with force against Hamas and terrorist groups" there. Al-Aqsa Martyrs hospital sits in the middle of the area described in the warning, setting in motion a rapid exodus even though the Israeli military said medical facilities would not be affected by its operations.
Speaking to AFP on Sunday from her hospital bed outside the facility, Tamam al-Raei said she did not know where to seek safety. "I have a war injury. I have broken bones and have had an amputation, and I have been receiving treatment for that," she said.
"But now they're telling us to evacuate Al-Aqsa. Where do we go? Where do I get treatment?" All around her, families tried to flee, the wealthiest among them hiring donkey-drawn carts to transport their belongings. Others carried patients in their arms, including one teenager who had lost the use of his legs and was clutching a bag of intravenous fluid. The Israeli military said on Monday it was targeting "terror operatives" in Deir al-Balah and working to dismantle the "remaining terrorist infrastructure" of Hamas, whose October 7 attack on southern Israel triggered the ongoing war in the Gaza Strip.
'Panic and fear' -
"As part of these efforts, a temporary local evacuation of the population in eastern Deir al-Balah... was carried out, for their protection," the military said in a statement.
"It should be emphasized that the evacuation efforts did not include the evacuation of hospitals and medical facilities in the area." Gaza's hospitals have been raided by Israeli forces numerous times during their campaign to destroy Hamas. Israel has accused Hamas of using hospitals in Gaza as a cover for military operations, claims the movement has rejected. Memories of past violence in and around hospitals made it difficult to reassure patients and medical workers that Al-Aqsa Martyrs hospital would be safe, said Gaza health ministry spokesman Khalil al-Daqran. "The citizens, patients and some of the medical crews were struck with panic and fear as a result of the announcement that the areas surrounding the hospital are operational areas," Daqran said. "Therefore, a large number of patients left the hospital." Hamas's October 7 attack on Israel resulted in the deaths of 1,199 people, most of them civilians, according to an AFP tally based on Israeli official figures.
'Nowhere to go' -
Israel's retaliatory military campaign has killed at least 40,435 people in Gaza, according to the Hamas-run territory's health ministry, which does not break down civilian and militant deaths. The UN rights office says most of the dead are women and children. Throughout Gaza, hospitals including Al-Aqsa Martyrs have faced crippling shortages of the fuel they need to function after the territory's only power plant went out of service and Israel cut the electricity supply in the early days of the war.
Gaza's 2.4 million people, nearly all of whom have been displaced at least once, have only 16 hospitals still functioning, all of them partially. The health situation became even more dire after authorities this month announced Gaza's first polio case in 25 years.
Families fleeing Al-Aqsa Martyrs hospital on Sunday were concerned primarily for their physical safety as they tried to adhere to repeated evacuation orders.
"We have nowhere to go, we have no refuge," Maha al-Sarsak told AFP, describing how her family had already fled multiple cities before reaching the hospital, only to leave yet again. Iyad al-Jabri, medical director of the hospital, said his teams were not going anywhere. "We are staying," he said. "We will continue to treat patients and the wounded."

Families Flee After New Israeli Evacuation Orders in Gaza as Ceasefire Hopes Dim
Asharq Al Awsat/August 26/2024
Israel issued new evacuation orders for Deir Al-Balah in the central Gaza Strip late on Sunday, forcing more families to flee, saying forces intended to act against the group Hamas and others operating in the area. In recent days, Israel has issued several evacuation orders across Gaza, the most since the beginning of the 10-month war, prompting an outcry from Palestinians, the United Nations and relief officials over the reduction of humanitarian zones and the absence of safe areas. The Deir Al-Balah municipality says Israeli evacuation orders have so far displaced 250,000 people, Reuters reported. Israeli military strikes killed at least seven Palestinians on Monday, medics said. Two were killed in Deir Al-Balah, where around a million people were sheltering, two at a school in the Al-Nuseirat camp and three in the southern city of Rafah, near the border with Egypt.
The new orders forced many families and patients to leave Al-Aqsa Hospital, the main medical facility in Deir Al-Balah, where hundreds of thousands of residents and displaced people had taken shelter, for fear of bombardments.The hospital is close to the area covered by the evacuation notice. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) said in a statement on X on Sunday night that an explosion approximately 250 meters (820 feet) away from the MSF-supported Al-Aqsa Hospital triggered panic. "As a result, MSF is considering whether to suspend wound care for the time being, while trying to maintain life-saving treatment." From around 650 patients, only 100 remain in the hospital, with seven in intensive care unit, it said, citing Gaza's health ministry. "This situation is unacceptable. Al Aqsa has been operating well beyond capacity for weeks due to the lack of alternatives for patients. All warring parties must respect the hospital, as well as patients' access to medical care," it added.
DIPLOMATIC IMPASSE
Sawasn Abu Afesh said she and her children had now been displaced 11 times. "I left half of my children behind me near my furniture and I am now with my little ones and my daughter. Only God can help us...I have no money for transportation. I will go to area 17 where my family is staying on my foot. I took my kids and three are left behind. No idea where," the woman said. The escalation comes with little hope of an end in sight to the war as diplomacy by mediators, Qatar, Egypt, and the United States has so far failed to close the gap between Israel and Hamas, whose leaders traded blame over responsibility for the lack of accord. Neither Hamas, nor Israel, agreed to several compromises presented by mediators at talks in Cairo on Sunday, two Egyptian security sources said. A senior US official, however, described the talks as "constructive," saying they were conducted in a spirit on all sides to reach "a final and implementable agreement." Hamas official Osama Hamdan said the group rejected new conditions made by Israel during the talks, which the group didn't attend, and added that US comments over an imminent ceasefire deal were false and aimed to serve election purposes.
US President Joe Biden and his administration have faced growing protests in the US over aid for Israel ahead of November elections. More than 40,000 Palestinians have been killed in the war, according to Gaza's health ministry. The crowded enclave has been laid to waste and most of its 2.3 million people have been displaced multiple times and face acute shortages of food and medicine, humanitarian agencies say. The war was triggered by Hamas' Oct. 7 attack on Israel, which killed 1,200 people, by Israeli tallies, with more than 250 taken hostage.

Israeli Hardliner Ben-Gvir Repeats Call for Prayer at Al-Aqsa Mosque Compound
Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Israel's hardline Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir repeated a call for Jews to be allowed to pray at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, drawing sharp criticism for inflaming tensions as ceasefire negotiators seek a deal to halt fighting in Gaza. "The policy at the Temple Mount allows praying there. Period," Ben-Gvir told an Army Radio interviewer. "The prime minister knew when I joined the government there would not be any discrimination. Muslims are allowed to pray and a Jew is not allowed to pray?" Asked if he would build a synagogue on the site if he could, Ben-Gvir replied: "Yes, Yes."Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office immediately put out a statement restating the official Israeli position, which accepts decades-old rules restricting non-Muslim prayer at the mosque compound, known as Temple Mount to Jews, who revere it as the site of two ancient temples. "There is no change to the status quo on the Temple Mount," Netanyahu's office said. The hillside compound, in Jerusalem's Old City, is one of the most sensitive locations in the Middle East, holy for both Muslims and Jews, and the trigger for repeated conflict. Nabil Abu Rudeineh, spokesperson for Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said calls to tamper with the status of Al-Aqsa appeared intended "to drag the region into a religious war that will burn everyone". Ben-Gvir, head of one of two hardline religious-nationalist parties in Netanyahu's coalition, has a long record of making inflammatory statements appreciated by his own supporters, but conflicting with the government's official line. Monday's comment was condemned by some of his own cabinet colleagues, but Netanyahu's dependence on the support of Ben-Gvir's party to hold his right-wing coalition together means that the minister is unlikely to be sacked or face any significant penalty. Monday's comments came less than two weeks after he triggered outrage by visiting the compound with hundreds of supporters, many of whom appeared to be praying openly in defiance of the status quo rules. With negotiators trying to reach a deal to halt the fighting in Gaza and bring back 109 Israeli and foreign hostages, and with tensions running high with the Iranian-backed Hezbollah movement in southern Lebanon, Ben-Gvir's comments were criticized for weakening Israel's position. "Challenging the status quo on the Temple Mount is a dangerous, unnecessary and irresponsible act. Ben-Gvir's actions endanger the state of Israel and its international status," Defense Minister Yoav Gallant, who has clashed repeatedly with Ben-Gvir, said in a statement on X. Ben-Gvir has also been criticized by some Orthodox Jews, who consider the site too holy a place for Jews to enter.

French Far-Right Oppose Leftist Prime Minister, Complicating Calculus for Macron

Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Leaders from France's far-right National Rally said on Monday their party will block any prime ministerial candidate from the leftist New Popular Front, narrowing President Emmanuel Macron's options to resolve the country's political crisis. Marine Le Pen and Jordan Bardella, the political tag team that runs the National Rally, met with Macron on Monday as he seeks to unlock the political deadlock caused by July's inconclusive snap legislative election which he called. After their one-hour meeting, Bardella said the New Popular Front - a broad alliance of parties ranging from the moderate Socialists to Jean-Luc Melenchon's far-left France Unbowed - was a "danger" for the country. Bardella said his camp would immediately call a no-confidence vote against any leftist premier. "The New Popular Front in its program, in its movements, as well as the personalities who embody it represents a danger to public order, civil peace and obviously for the economic life of the country," Bardella told reporters. "We intend to protect the country from a government that would fracture French society." A Macron aide said the president could name a prime minister by the end of this week, but it remains to be seen if the person he picks - someone with the broadest possible appeal - will win approval by lawmakers. If not, Macron will have to go back to the drawing board, deepening the political crisis. No grouping emerged from the snap election with a majority, with the vote evenly split between the New Popular Front, Macron's centrist bloc and the National Rally. The New Popular Front won more votes than any other party, and has argued that its candidate, a little known civil servant called Lucie Castets, should be named prime minister. Castets told Macron on Friday that the left has the right to form the next government. Macron has ignored the New Popular Front's nomination, and a source close to him said he believed the balance of power lies more with the center or center-right. Some possible candidates that Macron is mulling include a conservative regional president, Xavier Bertrand, and former Socialist Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve, sources have said. French media recently mentioned Karim Bouamrane, the Socialist mayor of an impoverished Paris suburb, as another possible name. Le Pen suggested Macron could call a referendum to chart a path out of the chaos, and said she was opposed to a so-called "technical" government of apolitical technocrats, saying "there are only political governments hiding behind technical names."

Iran doesn’t seek to increase regional tensions, FM tells Italian counterpart
Reuters/August 26, 2024
DUBAI: Iran does not seek to increase Middle East tensions, Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi told his Italian counterpart Antonio Tajani, adding that its response to the killing of the Hamas chief in Tehran would be “definite and calculated.”Iran blames Israel for the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh on July 31, which Araqchi was quoted by Iran’s state media as saying was “an unforgivable violation of Iran’s security and sovereignty.”Israel has neither claimed nor denied responsibility for Haniyeh’s death in the Iranian capital. “Iran does not seek to increase tensions. However it is not afraid of it,” Araqchi told his Italian counterpart on the phone, according to a statement about the phone call published on Monday by Iran’s foreign ministry. Araqchi said that Iran’s response would be “definite, calculated and accurate,” according to the statement.

Iran publicly hangs a man convicted of murder
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP)/August 26, 2024
Authorities in central Iran on Monday publicly hanged a man who was convicted in the shooting death of a lawyer, the country's official judicial news agency said.
The man, who was not identified, had been convicted of fatally shooting the lawyer with a hunting rifle in front of his wife and son in the city of Shahroud in August 2021, the Mizan.new agency said. It was the first public hanging of the year in Iran, according to the Oslo-based Iran Human Rights, which tracks executions in the country. The group's director, Mahmoud Amiri Moghaddam, urged the international community to condemn such public executions. Iran typically carries out executions by hanging inside prisons, often for the crime of drug smuggling, Iran Human Rights says. The country executed 500 convicts in 2022, the group says. In 2022, Iran publicly hanged a man convicted of fatally stabbing two members of a paramilitary force during violence connected with nationwide protests challenging the country’s theocracy.

Iran doesn't seek to raise regional tensions, foreign minister tells Italian counterpart
Reuters/DUBAI (Reuters)/August 26, 2024
Iran does not seek to increase Middle East tensions, Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi told his Italian counterpart Antonio Tajani, adding that its response to the killing of the Hamas chief in Tehran would be "definite and calculated". Iran blames Israel for the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh on July 31, which Araqchi was quoted by Iran's state media as saying was "an unforgivable violation of Iran's security and sovereignty". Israel has neither claimed nor denied responsibility for Haniyeh's death in the Iranian capital. "Iran does not seek to increase tensions. However it is not afraid of it," Araqchi told his Italian counterpart on the phone, according to a statement about the phone call published on Monday by Iran's foreign ministry. Araqchi said that Iran's response would be "definite, calculated and accurate", according to the statement.

Kremlin Says There Will Be a Response to Ukraine’s Kursk Attack
Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
The Kremlin said on Monday that there would have to be a Russian response to Ukraine's incursion into the western Kursk region and that the idea of ceasefire talks with Kyiv was no longer relevant. Thousands of Ukrainian soldiers smashed through the Russian border on Aug. 6 in a surprise attack that Russian President Vladimir Putin said was aimed at improving Kyiv's negotiating position ahead of possible talks and slowing the advance of Russian forces along the front. "Such hostile actions cannot remain without an appropriate response," Kremlin Spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters. "There will definitely be a response". Putin has said that Ukraine will receive a "worthy response," but has yet to set out in public what that response is. Peskov dismissed media reports that there had been some kind of ceasefire negotiations between Moscow and Kyiv. "There were no negotiations," Peskov said. "There are a lot of reports about various contacts in the media, and not all of them are correct." "The topic of negotiations at the moment has pretty much lost its relevance."

Ratney: US Expediting Strategic Agreements with Saudi Arabia

Riyadh: Abdulhadi Habtor/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Michael Ratney, the US Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, stated that Washington and Riyadh are working diligently to finalize a bilateral strategic agreement package. In an interview with Asharq Al-Awsat, Ratney described these agreements as “historic” and emphasized that they would significantly and fundamentally transform the region’s dynamics. Although the US ambassador did not specify a timeline for the completion of these agreements due to the region’s complexities, he outlined that the package encompasses several key areas, such as enhancing the strategic and military partnership between the US and Saudi Arabia and normalizing relations between Riyadh and Tel Aviv, and ensuring a definite path towards the establishment of a Palestinian state. On economic collaboration, Ratney said that Saudi Arabia’s recent transformative changes are creating substantial opportunities for American companies across various sectors, including commercial space exploration, renewable energy, healthcare, infrastructure, advanced technology, and artificial intelligence. Ratney attributed the US administration’s decision to lift the suspension on offensive weapons sales to Saudi Arabia to evolving circumstances and the deepening partnership between the two countries. He explained that this change was warranted, particularly given Riyadh’s diplomatic efforts to end the war in Yemen and sustain a ceasefire for over two years. Addressing concerns among some US allies in the region about America’s commitment to deterrence, the ambassador acknowledged the region’s complex issues but emphasized that US military and naval forces have been actively working to deter Houthi attacks in the Red Sea. Regarding the US veto of Palestinian state membership in the United Nations, Ratney underscored that the United States remains committed to a two-state solution, envisioning an independent Palestinian state alongside a secure Israel. However, he stressed that a Palestinian state must be achieved through a political process and negotiations between the parties, rather than through alternative methods. The US Ambassador to Saudi Arabia emphasized the strong and enduring nature of the relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia. He noted that the partnership, which has lasted over 80 years, remains robust despite some historical fluctuations. He also highlighted the close ties between the US and Saudi armed forces, along with strong trade connections and numerous economic opportunities driven by Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification. He pointed to Saudi Arabia’s increasing openness and the rapid expansion of its cultural landscape, which he said presents exciting opportunities for collaboration in emerging fields such as film and television production, video games, and joint cultural projects.
Strategic Agreements
On May 19, 2024, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman met with US National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan in Jeddah. The two officials announced a nearly-finalized draft of strategic agreements between the Kingdom and the United States. Regarding the latest developments in these discussions, Ratney noted that Sullivan’s visit was part of a series of meetings aimed at advancing negotiations for a final agreement. He explained that the agreements are not standalone deals but rather a comprehensive package that must be negotiated and jointly signed. This package includes several key components: strengthening the strategic and military partnership between the US and Saudi Arabia, enhancing economic cooperation, normalizing relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel, and addressing Palestinian issues to ensure a reliable path to establishing a Palestinian state. He stressed that these elements are interconnected and cannot be separated. Although significant progress has been made on important aspects of the agreement, Ratney emphasized the need to complete the entire package to achieve a historic agreement between the United States and Saudi Arabia.
Cooperation with China
On whether the strategic agreements between Washington and Riyadh would impose restrictions on Saudi relations with other countries like China, Ratney confirmed that the deals would focus primarily on enhancing the US-Saudi partnership, noting that Saudi Arabia, like the United States, has significant relations with China.
Regional Dynamics... A Fundamental Shift
The ongoing strategic agreement being discussed between the United States and Saudi Arabia is expected to produce a profound and fundamental shift in the regional dynamics, according to the US ambassador.
He added that these changes are likely to bring significant benefits to the Palestinian people, stressing that if these elements align and an agreement is reached, it could fundamentally transform the dynamics of this part of the world for the better.
Regarding recent statements by the Israeli Prime Minister to Time magazine about not abandoning the idea of normalization with Saudi Arabia despite ongoing regional tensions and their potential impact on the agreements, Ratney stated that abandoning the agreement should not be considered.
Economic Cooperation
The US Ambassador highlighted the importance of economic collaboration between the two countries, stating that Saudi Arabia has undergone a significant transformation over the past seven or eight years, resulting in a more diversified economy.
He continued that the US and Saudi Arabia have had a strong trade and economic relationship for many years, initially centered on the oil industry.
Renewable Energy
According to Ratney, renewable energy represents a key aspect of the growing economic partnership between his country and the Kingdom. He explained that collaboration began in the era of fossil fuels, noting that Saudi Arabia’s transition to a post-fossil fuel future has paved the way for significant investments in renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, as well as in carbon capture technologies.
The US diplomat also emphasized tremendous opportunities for collaboration in healthcare, infrastructure, advanced technology, and artificial intelligence as the Saudi economy continues to grow and diversify, attracting new American companies.
Defense Partnership
In light of regional threats, the US Ambassador stressed the importance of the military partnership between the United States and Saudi Arabia, noting that American defense companies have been active in the Kingdom for many years.In February, Saudi Arabia hosted the World Defense Exhibition, now one of the largest defense expos globally, he remarked, adding that over 100 American companies participated in the event.
Lift of Weapons Sales Ban
Ratney said that the recent decision by the US Administration to lift the suspension on offensive weapons sales to Saudi Arabia was driven by evolving circumstances and the deepening strategic partnership between the two countries. He added that this decision reflected the changing dynamics in the region, as Saudi Arabia has invested significantly in diplomatic efforts to end the war in Yemen and sustain a ceasefire that has been in place for over two years.
Palestinian Membership in the United Nations
Asked about the US opposition to Palestinian membership in the United Nations, especially given the ongoing efforts to achieve a two-state solution and establish an independent Palestinian state, Ratney acknowledged the importance of this matter. He stated that as the US Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, his main focus is on bilateral relations. He told Asharq Al-Awsat that, throughout his career, he has worked extensively with both Israelis and Palestinians and been involved in efforts to achieve a two-state solution, which has given him a deep understanding of both sides. Ratney stated that the current priority is to halt the violence in Gaza and address the severe hardships faced by its residents. He continued that the immediate focus is to end the violence, secure a ceasefire, free Israeli hostages, and resolve the conflict to facilitate the delivery of crucial humanitarian aid to Gaza.

Kuwait Picks New Finance and Trade Ministers in Cabinet Shuffle
Kuwait: /Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Kuwait has named Nora Suleiman Al-Fassam and Khalifa Abdullah Ajeel as its new finance and trade ministers respectively, as part of a cabinet shuffle, according to a decree issued by the country's Emir on Sunday. Al-Fassam, who was also appointed minister of state for economic and investment affairs, is a banker with extensive experience in corporate finance and investment banking. She most recently served as chief strategy officer at Kuwait's Sharia-compliant Boubyan Bank, according to the country’s news agency, KUNA. According to the bank’s website, the new minister has over 23 years of practical experience in corporate finance and investment banking services. Al-Fassam also worked for several government and private entities, such as the Public Investment Authority and the National Bank of Kuwait. She holds a Master’s degree in Business Administration from Kuwait University. The new trade minister, Ajeel, headed Kuwait's State Bureau of Financial Control and was a member of the board of commissioners at the Capital Markets Authority. Kuwait retained Mahmoud Bushehri as minister of electricity. But Bushehri lost the portfolio of Minister of State for Housing Affairs, which was offered to Abdullatif Hamed Hamad Al-Meshari. The reshuffle comes a few days after a power crisis that led the Gulf state to impose scheduled outages in parts of the country due to a disruption in gas supplies although Kuwaiti officials have indicated there will be no further outages after the first wave in June. Haitham Al-Ali, Undersecretary of the Ministry of Electricity, Water and Renewable Energy, had attributed the power outages to a malfunction in the gas supply. During the summer, temperatures in Kuwait typically exceed 50 degrees Celsius leading to increased power consumption amid demand for cooling.

The Latest English LCCC analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources on August 26-27/2024
‘That Dreadful Day’: Lessons for the West from This Day in History
Raymond Ibrahim/The Stream/August 26, 2024
Today in history, on August 26, 1071, one of the most decisive battles in all world history took place—that of Manzikert, which initiated the creation of the modern state of Turkey atop formerly Christian Asia Minor.
It began in 1019, when “the first appearance of the bloodthirsty beasts … the savage nation of infidels called Turks entered Armenia … and mercilessly slaughtered the Christian faithful with the sword,” writes the chronicler, Mathew of Edessa. In the ensuing years and decades, virtually the whole of Armenia was decimated: hundreds of thousands were slaughtered or enslaved, and thousands of churches torched or desecrated, including by being turned into mosques:
Everything was covered with blood. . . . Because of the great number of corpses, the land stank, and all of Persia was filled with innumerable captives; thus this whole nation of beasts became drunk with blood. All human beings of Christian faith were in tears and in sorrowful affliction.
Nor was there much doubt concerning what fueled the Turks’ animus: “This nation of infidels,” a military leader explained, “comes against us because of our Christian faith and they are intent on destroying the ordinances of the worshippers of the cross and on exterminating the Christian faithful.” Therefore, “it is fitting and right for all the faithful to go forth with their swords and to die for the Christian faith.”
Many were of the same mind; records tell of monks and priests, fathers, wives, and children, all shabbily armed but zealous to protect their way of life, coming out to face the invaders—only to be butchered or enslaved.
Nor were the Turkish hordes, under the authority of the ascendant Seljuk tribe, content with ravaging Armenia. They continued riding westward across the Anatolian plain, then part of the Eastern Roman Empire (“Byzantium”), leaving a trail of smoke and destruction in their wake. On becoming emperor in 1068, Romanus Diogenes made it his priority to act. By 1069 he had amassed and marched a massive army deep into Asia Minor, liberating numerous cities from the Turks.
The two forces eventually met near the city of Manzikert, just north of Lake Van. The Turkic sultan, Muhammad bin Dawud—better known to posterity as “Alp Arslan,” or, “Heroic Lion”—sent a delegation to parley with Romanus on “the pretext of peace” though in reality “stalling for time,” explained Michael Attaleiates, who was present. This only “roused the emperor to war.”
Romanus spurned the Muslim emissaries and commanded them to tell their sultan that “there will be no treaty . . . and no going home except after I have done in the lands of Islam the like of what has been done in the lands of Rome [Byzantium].” Then, having “dismissed the ambassador with the greatest contempt,” Romanus incited his men to war with “words of extraordinary violence.”
For his part, Muhammad exhorted his men to jihad and reminded them of its win-win scenario: “If we are given victory over them, [well and good]. If not, we will go as martyrs to the Garden [to be serviced by hooris].” “We are with you!” cried the men in unison when he finished his harangue, followed by a barrage of “Allah Akbars” that reportedly “shook the mountains.”
Thus, as “martial music resounded from both sides and the dust of the battlefield billowed up like clouds in the sky,” the two armies met on that fateful Friday, August 26, 1071.
The battle ensued in the usual way: Turkic horseman, in a crescent formation that hid their fewer numbers, sped forward and unleashed volleys of arrows, before swiftly retreating. Throngs of Roman men and horses fell; some—especially mercenaries and other “vacillating” elements—broke rank and fled. Undaunted, Romanus maintained the line and marched his forces forward; but because the Turks had unlimited terrain to fall back on, the Christian army never managed to corner and finish them off, even as the Muslims continued to engage in effective hit and runs tactics.
When the day was nearly spent, Romanus ordered an about-face back to camp, the only place to feed his men and water their horses. Once he turned his back, the Turks launched an all-out assault, “hurling themselves fiercely upon the Romans with terrifying cries.” Havoc ensued; many more fled. “All were shouting incoherently and riding about in disorder; nobody could say what was going on…. It was like an earthquake with howling, sweat, a swift rush of fear, clouds of dust, and not least Turks riding all around us,” Attaleiates later remembered.
Romanus’s Varangian Guard (the empire’s elite unit of Nordic warriors who were always attached to the emperor they served) were surrounded and, despite fighting valiantly, killed to a man. Seeing that he was “abandoned and completely cut off from help, [Romanus] unsheathed his sword and charged at his enemies, killing many of them and putting others to flight. But he was surrounded by a crowd of adversaries and was wounded in the hand. They recognized him and he was completely encircled; an arrow wounded his horse, which slipped and fell, dragging its rider down with it. Thus the emperor of the Romans was captured and led in chains to the sultan.”
“Those who escaped were but a tiny fraction,” notes another chronicler. “Of the majority, some were taken captive, the rest massacred.” One Muslim chronicle confirms that the Christians “were killed to such an extent that a valley there where the two sides had met was filled [with their corpses].”
Sultan Muhammad declared victory and hurriedly dispatched “the cross and what had been taken from the Byzantines” to Baghdad, and “the caliph and the Muslims rejoiced. Baghdad was decorated in an unprecedented fashion and domes were erected. It was a great victory the like of which Islam had not seen before,” writes a Damascene historian.
The battle, moreover, opened the doorway to the permanent conquest of Asia Minor. Before he was assassinated, Muhammad the Heroic Lion had commanded the Turks to “be like lion cubs and eagle young, racing through the countryside day and night, slaying the Christians and not sparing any mercy on the Roman nation.”
This they did; and “the emirs spread like locusts, over the face of the land,” invading every corner of Anatolia, sacking some of ancient Christianity’s most important cities, including Ephesus, home of Saint John the Evangelist; Nicaea, where Christendom’s creed was formulated in 325; and Antioch, the original and ancient see of Saint Peter. “All that was left were devastated fields, trees cut down, mutilated corpses and towns driven mad by fear or in flames.” Hundreds of thousands of Anatolian Christians were reportedly massacred or enslaved.
By the early 1090s, the Turks had taken the last Christian bastion, Nicomedia, only 2,500 feet away from Constantinople, across the narrowest point of the Bosporus strait.
A couple of years later, and at the urging of the Emperor at Constantinople, the First Crusade was underway.
The Battle of Manzikert—ever after known among chroniclers as that “Dreadful Day”—offers some relevant lessons to posterity, especially Western posterity.
Manzikert was the second major battle for the Roman Empire to lose against Islam leading to catastrophic results. Less than a week ago, August 20 marked the anniversary of the most “consequential” battle of all history—Yarmuk, when, in 636, the Muslims defeated the Romans, resulting in the loss of Greater Syria and Egypt, followed by the whole of North Africa, all formerly part of the Christian-Roman world. In other words, between Yarmuk (636) and Manzikert (1071), the heart of the Muslim world—not just North Africa and the Middle East, but Turkey as well—were all formed, and all atop conquered Christian-Roman territory.
Moreover, in both battles, the Christians outnumbered their Muslim enemies and were better armed; but due to a lack of loyalty (mercenaries were heavily relied upon at both Yarmuk and Manzikert) as well as political divisions among the Christians (there are accusations of treachery and betrayal in both battles) the Muslims emerged victorious. While currently powerful, the West—which is wracked with political division and burgeoning with less-than-patriotic elements—should heed this history well, particularly as it continues to appease and empower Islam within its own borders.
*Raymond Ibrahim is the Distinguished Senior Shillman Fellow at the Gatestone Institute and the Judith Rosen Friedman Fellow at the Middle East Forum. Portions of this article were excerpted from his book, Sword and Scimitar.

What’s behind the bloodiest recent attacks in Pakistan's Baluchistan province?
Riazat Butt/ISLAMABAD (AP)/August 26, 2024
Multiple attacks in Pakistan’s restive southwest have killed at least 31 people, the highest death toll in a 24-hour period blamed on separatists in Baluchistan province in recent years. Gunmen mowed down people after dragging them off buses, cars and trucks. Police and passersby were fatally shot in broad daylight in another district. A railway bridge connecting the province with the rest of the country was blown up. A police station was attacked. There have been other reports of shootings. The assaults were more audacious and brutal than the ones usually perpetrated by militants, who normally target security personnel or installations.
Here’s a look at what is happening in Baluchistan:
The background
Though Pakistan’s largest province, Baluchistan is its least populated, made up largely of high mountains. It’s also a hub for the country’s ethnic Baluch minority, whose members say they face discrimination and exploitation by the central government. That has fuelled a separatist insurgency demanding independence. Islamic militants also operate in the province. The government says it has largely quelled the violence, but assaults persist with raids by security forces and counterattacks.
Who's who?
The main player is the outlawed Baluchistan Liberation Army, which Pakistan and the U.S. have designated as a terrorist organization. It opposes the Pakistani government and wants a sovereign state that includes territories in Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. It targets security forces in Baluchistan and sometimes Karachi, Pakistan's largest city and economic hub in Sindh province next door. The BLA frequently, but not always, claims attacks. It has been banned since 2006. The group was emboldened by the Pakistani Taliban ending a cease-fire with the government in November 2022 and ordering their fighters to resume attacks on the military. Islamabad-based analyst Abdullah Khan said the BLA is operating in the province with the support of other groups. Last December, the leader of another insurgent group said he had surrendered to authorities with some 70 of his followers. Sarfraz Bungulzai, from the Baluch National Army, declared his regret for his role in kidnapping civilians for ransom and killing unarmed people.
The neighborhood
The volatile relationship between Iran and Pakistan compounds the insecurity and instability. They share a 900-kilometre (560-mile), largely lawless border where smugglers and fighters roam freely. Insurgencies on either side of the Iran-Pakistan border have frustrated both countries. Their governments suspect each other of supporting — or at least tolerating — some of the groups operating on the other side of the border. Massive Chinese-led infrastructure projects are also driving unrest, as separatists accuse the federal government of unfairly exploiting oil- and mineral-rich Baluchistan at the expense of locals. Thousands of Chinese workers are in Pakistan, most of them involved in Beijing’s multibillion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative that connects south and central Asia with the Chinese capital.
What's different about the latest attacks?
Separatists, usually from the BLA, launch small-scale assaults on security forces and installations, with the death toll in the single digits. But the coordination and tactics of the past 24 hours reveal a greater level of ambition, defiance and sheer brutality. The BLA had warned people to stay away from highways ahead of the attacks — it doesn’t normally give notice. Sunday night’s highway assault was reminiscent of one in April, when gunmen killed nine people after abducting them from a bus. The same attackers had earlier killed two people and wounded six in another car that they forced to stop. Both incidents were claimed by the BLA. In May, gunmen fatally shot seven barbers, all from eastern Punjab province, apparently part of a drive to force outsiders to leave Baluchistan. Analyst Khan said the BLA is getting better at mobilising fighters in different areas and that its operational capabilities have increased tremendously. Authorities estimate the BLA has around 3,000 fighters.
What's the impact?
Islamabad-based security analyst Syed Muhammad Ali said the latest killings are an attempt to harm the province economically, because “the weakening of Baluchistan means the weakening of Pakistan.”While insurgent attacks aim to discourage people from outside the region from travelling, trading, or working in the province, they also make life harder for the Balochis by discouraging investment, aid and disrupting the flow of goods and services, Ali said. A decadeslong crackdown and heavy-handed militarization to combat militancy creates additional trauma for locals, who have deep grievances about enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings. Thousands protested last month against police violence, an internet shutdown and highway closures. At least one person was reportedly killed. Analyst Khan said the timing was an attempt to sabotage Pakistan’s effort to present the province as a secure place for international investment.

How Difficult it Is to End a War
Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper/August 26/2024
Ending a war is more difficult than deciding to wage one. The one backing down must offer a convincing story. He must offer explanations and justifications. He must compare the losses and gains and declared goals and which of them were achieved. He must say if he feels more secure after the fighting stops, and if the end of the war is just a truce in preparation for other wars. Ending war was easier in the past because they were waged by armies that receive orders from governments. Today, some wars are different, especially when an army is confronted with factions spread across a region.
Most dangerous of all is the belief of the warring parties that they are waging an existential conflict from which they cannot back down. How hard it is to end a war when one cannot turn to a neutral and honest mediator who can fairly tend to wounds and interests. The most dangerous aspect of the roaming war the Middle East has been enduring since October 7 is that it is taking place amid a very volatile international situation. The world is living without safety valves. The world has lost faith in the UN Security Council that has proven ineffective in addressing the wars. Relations between major powers are at their worst in decades. One simply has to look at how Russian soldiers are being killed by American, German or British shells. And how western weapons have allowed Ukraine – in the third year of war with Russia – to make an incursion into Russia itself in scenes unprecedented since World War II.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy was elated at the development, describing the master of the Kremlin as a “sick old man from Red Square who constantly threatens everyone with the red button.” He “will not dictate any of his red lines to us.” The truth is the Ukrainian army erased the red lines when it dared to breach Russian territories. Putin himself had crossed the red lines in 2022 when he invaded Ukraine and returned Europe to a time when borders are undermined.
Zelenskyy’s words reflect his fear. He fears that he may be forced to stop the war and for the Russian forces to win a significant portion of Ukrainian territories. A frightened man can become frightening if he keeps pursuing revenge for wounds and gambling with what remains.
The same can be said of Putin. He was frightened of the NATO weapons closely approaching Russia’s borders so he decided to pounce on Ukraine to thwart its Atlantic dreams and launch an operation aimed at depleting the West. The danger grows when the frightened man boasts a frightening arsenal. Moscow’s constant reminders of its nuclear weapons only accelerates the drive of regional countries to obtain a “nuclear insurance policy.”
How dangerous a war is when your enemy refuses to surrender despite the heavy losses and finds a side pumping aid in its veins. The inability to deal the knockout blow to decide a war will only prolong the conflict indefinitely.
The Middle East imploded amid this tumultuous international scene. Yehya al-Sinwar launched an operation that soon engulfed the region. It was difficult for Hezbollah to remain on the sidelines of the war on Gaza. A day after the war erupted, the party launched a “support front” for Gaza from Lebanon. In all likelihood, no one believed that the Gaza war and the support front would be ranging ten months later with no real serious signs that they would be extinguished any time soon. Throughout this time, the US has managed to prevent the eruption of a full-scale war in the region. The trade of blows along the recent Lebanese-Israeli border - hours before a new round of ceasefire negotiations in Cairo - underscored just how much the various fires in the region are tied together. Iran has openly said it does not want a comprehensive war and that it will program its retaliation to Ismail Haniyeh’s assassination in a way that will not drag it to conflict. Hezbollah also said that it does not want a comprehensive war as it pursues its retaliation to the assassination of its military commander Fuad Shukr. So, it chose purely military targets in its response yesterday.
But the Haniyeh and Shukr assassinations took place in Tehran and Beirut respectively. The choice of location was no coincidence. In all likelihood, Benjamin Netanyahu was aware that Iran and Hezbollah do not want a comprehensive confrontation, but he tried to lure them in and dragged American warships along. Iran and Hezbollah cannot not retaliate to Haniyeh and Shukr’s assassinations. This has to do with Iran and Hezbollah’s image and their deterrence power and the risk of losing it.
On October 7, Israel appeared lost and frightened. Ten months later, it is frightening. It has committed an open massacre in Gaza, killed hundreds of Hezbollah fighters, launched strikes on Syria and Yemen and hit positions in Iran and tested Iran’s image and deterrence.
How difficult it is to end a war! Hamas will not obtain a truce that matches the extent of the losses it and the people of Gaza have incurred. Hezbollah is evidently coming under major pressure to agree to the implementation of Security Council resolution 1701. Netanyahu has yet to achieve his declared goal of eliminating Hamas and residents of Israel’s north are still displaced. Iran itself will find it difficult to relinquish the Palestinian arm of the Axis of Resistance. Does the Biden administration have a solution that would bring back the Middle East from the edge of the abyss?

Advanced US Radar and Special Israeli Unit to Hunt Hamas Leader, Sinwar
Mark Mazzetti, Ronen Bergman, Julian E. Barnes and Adam Goldman/The New York Times/August 26/2024
In January, Israeli and American officials thought they had caught a break in the hunt for one of the world’s most wanted men.
Israeli commandos raided an elaborate tunnel complex in the southern Gaza Strip on Jan. 31 based on intelligence that Yahya Sinwar, the Hamas leader, was hiding there, according to American and Israeli officials. He had been, it turned out. But Sinwar had left the bunker beneath the city of Khan Younis just days earlier, leaving behind documents and stacks of Israeli shekels totaling about $1 million. The hunt went on, with a dearth of hard evidence on his whereabouts. Since the Oct. 7 attacks in Israel that he planned and directed, Sinwar has been something of a ghost: never appearing in public, rarely releasing messages for his followers and giving up few clues about where he might be. He is by far Hamas’s most important figure, and his success in evading capture or death has denied Israel the ability to make a foundational claim: that it has won the war and eradicated Hamas in a conflict that has decimated the group’s ranks but also destroyed the Gaza Strip and killed tens of thousands of civilians. American and Israeli officials said Sinwar abandoned electronic communications long ago, and he has so far avoided a sophisticated intelligence dragnet. He is believed to stay in touch with the organization he leads through a network of human couriers. How that system works remains a mystery. It is a playbook used by Hamas leaders in the past, and by other leaders like Osama bin Laden. And yet Sinwar’s situation is more complex, and even more frustrating to American and Israeli officials.
Unlike bin Laden in his last years, Sinwar is actively managing a military campaign. Diplomats involved in ceasefire negotiations in Doha, Qatar, say that Hamas representatives insist they need Sinwar’s input before they make major decisions in the talks. As the most respected Hamas leader, he is the only person who can ensure that whatever is decided in Doha is implemented in Gaza. Interviews with more than two dozen officials in Israel and the United States reveal that both countries have poured vast resources into trying to find Sinwar. Officials have set up a special unit inside the headquarters of Shin Bet, Israel’s domestic intelligence service, and American spy agencies have been tasked with intercepting Sinwar’s communications. The United States has also provided ground-penetrating radar to Israel to help in the hunt for him and other Hamas commanders. Killing or capturing Sinwar would undoubtedly have a dramatic impact on the war. American officials believe it would offer Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel a way to claim a significant military victory and potentially make him more willing to end military operations in Gaza. But it is less clear what effect Sinwar’s death would have on negotiations for the release of hostages seized on Oct. 7. Removing him might make his successors far less willing to make a deal with Israel. Communicating with Sinwar has become more difficult, said Israeli, Qatari, Egyptian and American officials. He used to respond to messages within days, but the officials said that it has taken much longer to get a response from him in recent months, and that some of his deputies at times have been his proxies in those discussions.
Sinwar, who is 61, was declared the group’s top political leader in early August, days after Ismail Haniyeh, the previous political chief, was killed in an Israeli assassination plot in Tehran. But, in reality, Sinwar has long been considered Hamas’s de facto leader, even if the group’s political operatives based in Doha held the official leadership titles. The pressure on the Hamas leader has made it far more difficult for him to communicate with military commanders and direct day-to-day operations, although American officials said that he still has the ability to dictate the group’s broad strategy.
It was weeks after the Oct. 7 attacks, which killed at least 1,200 people, when a special committee of senior Israeli intelligence and military officials approved a kill list of top Hamas commanders and political officials. Many of the men on the list, including Haniyeh, have been killed in the months since.
With each assassination, the Israeli defense minister, Yoav Gallant, has put an “X” over a name on the diagram of the Hamas leadership he keeps on his wall.
But Sinwar, the most important of all, remains at large.
Life Underground
Before the war, Sinwar was a towering presence in Gaza.
He gave interviews, presided over military exercises and even made a televised appearance to present an award to a show depicting a Hamas attack on Israel — an eerie precursor to Oct. 7. During the first weeks of the war, Israeli intelligence and military officials believe that Sinwar was living in a warren of tunnels beneath Gaza City, the largest city in the strip and one of the first targeted by Israeli military forces. During one early raid on a tunnel in Gaza City, Israeli soldiers found a video — filmed days earlier — of Sinwar in the midst of moving his family to a different hiding spot under the city. Israeli intelligence officials believe that Sinwar kept his family with him for at least the first six months of the war. Back then, Sinwar still used cellular and satellite phones — made possible by cell networks in the tunnels — and from time to time spoke to Hamas officials in Doha. American and Israeli spy agencies were able to monitor some of those calls but were not able to pinpoint his location. As Gaza ran low on fuel, Gallant pushed for new shipments to Gaza to power generators needed to keep the cell networks running so that the Israeli eavesdropping could continue — over the objections of ultra right members of the Israeli government who wanted the fuel shipments cut off to punish the residents of Gaza. During this period, the spy agencies gained glimpses of his life underground, including his voracious consumption of Israeli news media and his insistence on watching the 8pm news on Israeli TV.
In November, a freed Israeli hostage described how Sinwar had addressed a large number of Israeli captives not long after the Oct. 7 attacks. Speaking in Hebrew, which he learned during his years in an Israeli prison, Sinwar told them that they were safe where they were, and that no harm would come to them, according to the hostage’s account. Israeli officials said that all Hamas operatives hiding underground, even Sinwar, must occasionally come out of the tunnels for health reasons. But the tunnel network is so vast and complex — and Hamas fighters have such good intelligence about the whereabouts of Israeli troops — that Sinwar can sometimes come above ground without being discovered.
Sinwar eventually moved south to Khan Younis, the city where he was born, Israeli and American officials believe, and probably occasionally traveled from there to the city of Rafah through a stretch of tunnel. By the time the Khan Younis bunker was raided on Jan. 31, Sinwar had fled, Israeli officials said.
He stayed one step ahead of his pursuers, who sometimes made boastful comments about how close they were to finding him. In late December, as Israeli military units began excavating tunnels in one area of the city, Gallant bragged to reporters that Sinwar “hears the bulldozers of the Israeli army above him, and he will meet the barrels of our guns soon.”It appears Sinwar fled the Khan Younis bunker in some haste, leaving the many piles of Israeli shekels behind.
Shared Interests
Almost immediately after the Oct. 7 attacks, Israeli military intelligence and Shin Bet, Israel’s domestic security service, established a cell inside Shin Bet headquarters with the singular mission of finding Sinwar. The CIA also set up a task force, and the Pentagon dispatched special operations troops to Israel to advise the Israel forces on the looming war in Gaza. The United States, which considers Hamas a terrorist organization, and Israel established channels to share information about the location of Sinwar and other top Hamas commanders, and the hostages. “We’ve devoted considerable effort and resources to the Israelis for the hunt for the top leadership, particularly Sinwar,” said Jake Sullivan, the White House national security adviser. “We’ve had people in Israel sitting in the room with the Israelis working this problem set. And obviously we have a lot of experience hunting high-value targets.”
In particular, the Americans have deployed ground-penetrating radar to help map the hundreds of miles of tunnels they believe are under Gaza, with new imagery combined with Israeli intelligence gathered from captured Hamas fighters and troves of documents to build out a more complete picture of the tunnel network. One senior Israeli official said American intelligence support had been “priceless.” The Israelis and Americans have a mutual interest in locating Hamas commanders and the dozens of hostages, including Americans, who remain in Gaza. But one person familiar with the intelligence-sharing arrangement, who discussed it on the condition of anonymity, describes it as often “very lopsided” — with the Americans sharing more than the Israelis give in return. At times, the person said, the Americans provide information about Hamas leaders in the hopes that the Israelis will direct some of their own intelligence resources toward finding the American hostages.
During the 1980s, in the years after he was recruited by Hamas’s founder, Sheik Ahmed Yassin, Sinwar’s influence in the group grew steadily. He took over as the head of Hamas’s internal security unit, a group charged with finding and punishing Palestinians suspected of collaborating with Israeli authorities as well as anyone who commits blasphemy. He spent years in an Israeli prison but was released in October 2011 along with more than 1,000 other prisoners as part of an exchange for Gilad Shalit, an Israeli soldier captured by Hamas. In 2017, Sinwar was named Hamas’s leader in Gaza. While he has had an outsized impact on decision-making within Hamas, Sinwar has shaped his positions in close coordination with a group of Hamas political and military leaders in Gaza, according to analysts who have studied Hamas. The circle of confidants has included Marwan Issa, a Hamas military commander killed in March; Rawhi Mushtaha, a member of Hamas’s political office in Gaza; Izzeldin al-Haddad, a senior commander in the military wing; Mohammed Sinwar, Sinwar’s brother and a top official in the military wing; and Muhammad Deif, the leader of the military wing, according to Ibrahim al-Madhoun, an Istanbul-based expert who maintains a close relationship with Hamas. But Sinwar’s network of advisers has been steadily shrinking: Some top Hamas commanders have been killed, some captured, and others were outside of Gaza when the war began and have not been able to return since.
Deif was the most senior adviser to Sinwar, but was less disciplined than his boss. He came above ground far more regularly, allowing Western intelligence agencies to pinpoint his whereabouts.
It was on one of those occasions, Israeli officials say, when he was killed in an airstrike.

A Decaying Near-East and the Purview of Negotiations
Charles Chartouni /This Beirut/August 26/2024
The striking fact about the ongoing truce negotiations is the nature of their stakes, their partners and their projected outcomes. After 10 months of open-ended wars on three battlefronts, we are left with one successful truce, the comeback of an unhindered course of violence, the looming hazards of a total war destroying whatever is left from the decaying regional order, and the US diplomacy backed up by an armada of war vessels determined to stave off the eventual implosion in course. What is particularly puzzling in this triangulation is the key players involved, with states seemingly sidelined and intentionally overlooked in favor of Iranian imperial power, which appears to dominate the chessboard and dictate the rules of engagement.
The US, Qatar and Egypt are trying, each in its own way, to lower the tension, set a de-escalation process whereby Iran and Israel endorse the enactment of attainable operational objectives (working truces on the ground, liberation of Israeli hostages versus Palestinian prisoners, defining the rules of temporary disengagement, security mappings, borders security, identifying the occasional political partnerships, discussing the issues of the Gaza future governance…, as preludes, if ever, to an overall political negotiation). The significant strategic breakdown that followed the events of October 7, 2023, and its disastrous aftermath mark the culmination of three decades of decline that have eroded the legacy of international mediations and peace agreements, fueling radicalization at both ends of the Israeli and Palestinian political spectrum.
Ironically, the primary actors directly affected on the Arab side (Palestinians, Lebanese and Syrians) have been overshadowed by the Iranian power broker, which exerts influence over the political landscape in two failed states (Lebanon and Syria) and navigates through an inconsistent Palestinian political terrain lacking in political and moral autonomy. When the US and its associates engage in negotiations, they are quite aware of the equivocations and murkiness of the political quagmire, the deliquescent regional order, the unreliability of the Arab partners and the quintessential maneuvering of the Iranian negotiators. Israelis are the only predictable actors in spite of their serious political differences, their internal political polarization and their strengthening extremist aisles.
The perplex picture and its meandering complexion leaves observers skeptical about the chances of success when the State entities are sublated and subsumed under imperial patronage, Islamic power politics, and rickety States which have no control over their territories and shredded ethnic tapestries. Aside from tactical truce interludes, hostage and prisoners exchange and humanitarian relief, one wonders about the outcomes of this preventive diplomacy and its impact on the broader stabilization politics, the resumption of peace making diplomacy and State building. We have to assume, beforehand, that none of these issues are part of the Iranian diplomacy playbook and its worldview.
The “heuristics of fear” are the only guide for diplomats who are overrun by time, the hazards of open-ended conflicts, the threadbare political narratives of a war-torn Middle East where nothing holds, the structural deficits of a ramshackle regional order and their attending nihilism. Can fear alone dissuade without a broader political vision that offers an alternative horizon? Iranian imperialism poses a challenge to the remnants of the regional order: Territorial Statehood, civil peace within Iran itself and the rest of the region, international power dynamics and equilibriums, and promoting the other version of Islamic totalitarianism advocated by the Muslim brotherhood since 1928. However, the Iranian regime’s compounded fragilities put it in a state of high alert and extreme circumspection while trying to navigate its circuitous course with the least damaging effects, through surrogate and remote wars, a ham-fisted domestic repression and calculated retributions, if necessary. Hopefully, the ongoing diplomatic efforts will kickstart a positive cycle of effective diplomacy and establish the foundations for a sustained stabilization in a region that has lost its bearings. The “heuristics of availability” play a crucial role in defining the navigation path, setting priorities and dispelling illusions in a region fraught with uncertainties.