English LCCC Newsbulletin For 
Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For September 04/2022
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news
The Bulletin's Link on the lccc Site
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Bible Quotations For today
Martha, Martha, you are worried and distracted by 
many things; there is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the better part, 
which will not be taken away from her.’”
Luke 10/38-42: “Now as they went on their way, he entered a certain village, 
where a woman named Martha welcomed him into her home. She had a sister named 
Mary, who sat at the Lord’s feet and listened to what he was saying. But Martha 
was distracted by her many tasks; so she came to him and asked, ‘Lord, do you 
not care that my sister has left me to do all the work by myself? Tell her then 
to help me.’But the Lord answered her, ‘Martha, Martha, you are worried and 
distracted by many things; there is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the 
better part, which will not be taken away from her.’”
Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & 
Lebanese Related News & Editorials published 
on September 03-04/2022
France Renews Caution against Further Collapse in Lebanon
Lebanon arrests five agents suspected of torturing Syrian detainee to death
Lebanon arrests four security officers after Daesh suspect dies in custody
"Forces of Change" MPs launch presidential rescue initiative
Change MPs launch presidential initiative, threaten protests
Khalaf says those responsible for death of detainee at State Security must be 
held accountable at once
MoPH: 454 new Corona cases, 2 deaths
Abdallah commissioned to chair friendship committee between Lebanon & Indonesia
Frem during a "Project Watan" seminar on health card: We will not allow collapse 
to occur
Democratic Party Secretary-General visits House Speaker: We are open to everyone 
for the interest of Lebanon & its people
Agriculture Ministry: To take necessary precautions for public safety in wake of 
increasing heat wave
Al-Makari says return of homeland's sons, dignified return of displaced to their 
country denote next battle's headlines
Army: 11 Syrians, Lebanese arrested for possession of weapons, ammunition in 
Akkar's Zouk al-Habalsa town
Makhzoumi, Sandri review prevailing conditions in Lebanon and the world
Titles For The Latest English LCCC 
Miscellaneous Reports And News published
on September 03-04/2022
If Israel fails to stop Iran nuclear deal, military means only way to 
prevent atomic bomb
Tehran Defends Its Second Response to EU Draft Proposal
US Congress Intensifies Criticism of Possible Nuclear Agreement with Iran
Iran Equips 51 Cities with Civil Defense Systems, Says Defense Official
Israeli Attacks Squeeze Iranian Aerial Supplies to Syria, Sources Say
Report: Assad Has Been Barring Iran from Retaliating to Israeli Raids on Syria 
for 3 Years
Russia Keeps Pipeline Shut as Gazprom, Siemens Energy Wrangle
Ukraine’s Nuclear Plant Partly Goes Offline amid Fighting
Türkiye Can Be Facilitator on Ukraine Nuclear Plant, Erdogan Tells Putin
Ukraine-Bound Grain Ship’s Engine Fails in Bosphorus, 2nd Incident This Week
Russia's Gazprom Expected to Resume Pipeline Supplies
Russia Says US Yet to Issue Visas for Delegation to UN Summit
Egypt, Russia Discuss Nuclear Science Research Cooperation
Erdogan Accuses Greece of ‘Occupying’ Demilitarized Islands
US Says Sending Envoy to Ethiopia, Condemns Eritrea Return to War
Gorbachev Buried in Moscow in Funeral Snubbed by Putin
US Approves $1.1 Billion in Arms for Taiwan, Angering China
Former Kyrgyzstan President Named UN Envoy to Afghanistan
Titles For The 
Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published 
on September 03-04/2022
Skanderbeg: Scourge of Islam/Raymond Ibrahim/September 03/2022 
The Israeli call for action against Iran is coming from inside the house/Lahav 
Harkov/Jerusalem Post/September 03/2022
Phase three of the war in Ukraine has begun/Joanathan Spyer/Jerusalem 
Post/September 03/2022
Should Biden Call MAGA Supporters Semi-Fascist?/Alan M. Dershowitz/Gatestone 
Institute/September 02/2022 
The Biden Administration's Nuclear Deal Is the Biggest Gift to the World's 'Top 
State Sponsor of Terrorism'/Majid Rafizadeh/ Gatestone Institute./September 
03/2022 
The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & 
Lebanese Related News & Editorials published 
on September 03-04/2022
France Renews Caution against Further Collapse in Lebanon
Paris - Michel Abu Najem/ Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 
2022 
French Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs Catherine Colonna warned on 
Friday that crisis-hit Lebanon will continue its collapse if Lebanese officials 
do not get up to save their country, as she reiterated France's support for the 
Lebanese people.
Speaking at the annual meeting of France’s ambassadors throughout the world, 
after a two-year hiatus because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Minister said that 
Lebanon “is going through an unprecedented economic crisis,” warning that “its 
collapse will carry on if Lebanese officials do not wake up to save their 
country.” Colonna confirmed that France “has the responsibility to provide 
support for the exhausted Lebanese people and that Paris must use its influence 
in Lebanon to put an end to neglect and abuse” the Lebanese are enduring. During 
the meeting, Colonna highlighted the regional crises including the Middle East 
issues, the Iranian nuclear file, Iraq and Syria, the Palestinian-Israeli 
conflict, and the situation in Lebanon. Colonna’s comments uphold French 
President Emmanuel Macron’s position towards Lebanon. He repeatedly expressed 
support for Lebanon, and in August he pledged that he will not let Lebanon 
“collapse and vanish.” In the past two years, Paris has vowed to impose 
“sanctions” on Lebanese politicians and other Lebanese figures it believes 
constitute an obstacle preventing Lebanon from steering out of its crisis and 
obstructing democracy and reform. The two French officials have not touched on 
the main issue, the presidential elections, troubling the political class and 
Lebanese at present. President Michel Aoun’s term ends on October 31. France 
wants Lebanon to avoid an institutional vacuum in the executive authority if a 
new president is not elected within the constitutional deadline. The government 
then gets set for a caretaker capacity. Prime Minister-designate Najib Mikati's 
attempts to form a government and end political deadlock have failed.
Lebanon arrests five agents suspected of torturing 
Syrian detainee to death
AFP, Beirut/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Lebanon arrested five State Security agents Saturday on suspicion of torturing 
to death a Syrian detainee, in the latest abuse allegation against the security 
services, a judicial source told AFP. The arrests came on the orders of the 
government’s commissioner to the military courts, Fadi Akiki, who had ordered an 
investigation into last month’s death in custody, the source said. For the 
latest headlines, follow our Google News channel online or via the app. The 
young Syrian “died within three hours of his arrest after being subjected to 
severe torture and beatings that triggered a heart attack,” the source said, 
adding that the detainee was pronounced dead on arrival in hospital. The State 
Security agents arrested Bashar Abdel Saud on August 31 and took him to an 
agency facility in Bint Jbeil in southern Lebanon for questioning with other 
detainees. The agents wanted to “obtain a confession from the deceased suspect 
that he was the leader of a cell” linked to ISIS but he “persisted in denying 
the allegation,” according to the source. In pictures seen by AFP, the body of 
the deceased was covered in cuts and bruises. The bodies of fellow detainees who 
survived their ordeal also bore signs of torture. The State Security agency, 
which has faced multiple allegations of torture in the past, said Abdel Saud’s 
death had been referred to the “competent authorities.”Lebanon passed a law 
banning the use of torture in September 2017, but in March last year human 
rights group Amnesty International published a report detailing the alleged use 
of torture against 26 Syrian refugees “arbitrarily detained on counter-terror 
charges.”
Lebanon arrests four security officers after Daesh suspect dies in custody
Najia Houssari/Arabic News/September 03/2022
BEIRUT: Lebanese authorities arrested four State Security officers on Saturday 
on suspicion of torturing a Syrian detainee to death. The arrests came on the 
orders of the government's commissioner to the military courts, Fadi Akiki, who 
ordered an investigation into last month's death of Bashar Abdel-Saud in 
custody. The killing in southern Lebanon provoked anger, and activists shared 
photos of his body, which showed signs of torture. State Security earlier 
announced that it had arrested a cell affiliated with Daesh in the Bint Jbeil 
region. The cell had reportedly committed murders in Syria. Abdel-Saud had a 
leadership position in Daesh and tried to attack the investigator, according to 
State Security officials.
BACKGROUND
The killing in southern Lebanon provoked anger, and activists shared photos of 
the detainee’s body, which showed signs of torture.
They said security officers detained him to calm him down, but he suffered a 
heart attack and was transferred to hospital where he died.
An investigation was opened into the incident, and Akiki decided to arrest the 
officer and three State Security members investigating the network.
The forensic doctor who examined the body issued a report refuting claims that 
Abdel-Saud had died of a heart attack. The victim had suffered bruises, severe 
wounds, burns, and physical abuse, the report added. Politicians condemned his 
death on social media, prompting a source in the General Directorate of State 
Security to announce that investigations were underway to uncover the 
circumstances behind his death.
The source added that the victim and other detainees were affiliated with Daesh.
Under judicial orders, the directorate will publish their documented confessions 
about their affiliation with the terrorist group, according to the source.
Caretaker Environment Minister Nasser Yassin said it was time to approve the 
National Human Rights Commission’s regulations, which stipulate prohibiting 
torture and punishing perpetrators.
He said what had happened with the Syrian was a crime that violated human 
rights.
He added that the Public Prosecution was required to conduct a serious 
investigation by the civil judiciary, not the military judiciary, and to respect 
the principles of an investigation into crimes of torture.
The head of parliament’s Human Rights Committee, MP Michel Moussa, said: “This 
is a heinous crime against a human being, regardless of his nationality or 
affiliation.”
Moussa called for holding accountable all those who had abused their powers and 
violated the law. He said that Lebanon had ratified the Convention against 
Torture adopted by the UN General Assembly, and later the Optional Protocol, and 
approved Law 65 of 2017 relating to the punishment of torture and other cruel, 
inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.
Moussa said Lebanon had also set up the National Human Rights Commission, which 
includes a committee against torture.
But Moussa said the authorities were failing to provide everything that would 
allow the commission to start its work.
MP Melhem Khalaf, former head of the Lawyers Syndicate, said: “We have strived 
to amend Article 47 of the Code of Criminal Procedures and made it mandatory for 
a lawyer to be present during the preliminary investigation. One of our 
objectives was to prevent any torture during the investigations.”
MP Michel Douaihy said the case could not be ignored without holding those 
responsible accountable and addressing the issue of torture.
The MP urged the head of the committee to invite the interior minister and the 
director general of State Security to its next meeting to investigate and take 
the necessary measures against the perpetrators.
The legal department for the Justice Pioneers Group, a human rights activist 
body, said the victim did not die from a heart attack.
The group said it had information to believe the detainee was tortured and his 
neck was broken, adding there was a criminal intent to kill.
It alleged that the officer and members of State Security had shown what it 
termed "brutal behavior" when they were supposed to respect legal principles in 
conducting preliminary investigations and looking for clues.
The Justice Pioneers Group also claimed the investigators had violated the law 
and their obligations, especially those stipulated in Article 41 of the Code of 
Criminal Procedure.
These state that an officer may question the suspect provided the latter makes 
his statement of his own free will in full knowledge of the facts and without 
being subjected to coercion. If he decides to remain silent, he may not be 
forced to speak.
"Forces of Change" MPs launch presidential rescue initiative
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
The "Forces of Change" bloc of deputies launched Saturday the "Presidential 
Rescue Initiative" regarding the election of the next President of the Republic, 
during a press conference held this afternoon at "Beit Beirut" in Sodeco. MPs 
Melhem Khalaf and Michel Douaihy announced the initiative document, in the name 
of the bloc and in presence of Change Deputies Ibrahim Mneimneh, Elias Jaradi, 
Paula Yacoubian, Halima Kaakour, Rami Feng, Cynthia Zarazir, Firas Hamdan, Mark 
Daou, Najat Aoun, Wadah Al-Saddek and Yassin Yassin. The initiative document 
constitutes four parts including the vision, approach, criteria, and steps for 
the upcoming presidential elections. The deputies of change considered said 
elections as a pivotal point for the country's future, by ensuring the election 
of a new president in line with the hopes and aspirations of the Lebanese. "The 
path of change starts from here, and with the new president we begin a new page 
and proceed towards restoring the state in its broad concepts. This entitlement 
imposes on us - as change force representatives - a huge responsibility to 
actively keep pace with its details and stages," the deputies underlined. As for 
the approach, they stressed the need for “the upcoming presidential elections to 
turn from being a moment of compromise between the parties in power, into an 
occasion to think about the country we asprire to have and a junture for 
protecting the republic and restoring the state."They deemed the upcoming 
elections as an occasion for the members of parliament to choose a president 
based on the will of the people and to reduce the role of regional powers. 
Moreover, the change deputies highlighted the need to abide by the constitution 
in choosing Lebanon's future president, saying: "The Lebanese Constitution 
defines the President of the Lebanese Republic as - head of the state and symbol 
of the nation's unity - one who ensures respect for the Constitution and the 
preservation of Lebanon’s independence, unity and territorial integrity in 
accordance with the provisions of the Constitution." They also outlined in their 
initiative document the future president's selection criteria and 
characteristics, noting that several meetings and seminars will held to discuss 
this initiative in the coming days prior to the elections' deadline.
Change MPs launch presidential initiative, threaten 
protests
Naharnet/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
The 13 MPs of the so-called change bloc on Saturday launched their long-awaited 
presidential initiative, which calls for the election of a reformist president 
who is not part of the polarization between the traditional political forces in 
the country. At a press conference, the bloc said it will hold a series of 
popular and political consultations with the October 17 forces and with all 
political parties to secure the election of a president who meets the bloc's 
"standards for the presidency." The bloc also warned that it will resort to 
popular protests if no president is elected before October 20 -- or 10 days 
prior to the expiry of President Michel Aoun's term. The bloc stressed that the 
new president must not be part of the political "divisions" in the country and 
must "preserve Lebanon's sovereignty domestically and externally." The new 
president must also "establish the state of citizenship and justice" and must 
"preserve the state's assets," the bloc added. "No side should impose hegemony 
on Lebanon... and to prevent any vacuum, the (presidential) juncture must be a 
Lebanese one," the bloc urged. It also said that the new president must take 
into consideration "the transformations that happened after October 17 (2019)." 
"This matter needs the unification of efforts and returning to the constitution 
and implementing it, which is the only solution for Lebanon," the bloc added.
Khalaf says those responsible for death of detainee at 
State Security must be held accountable at once
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
MP Melhem Khalaf said on Twitter: "On the day we strived to amend Article 47 of 
the Criminal Code and impose the mandatory presence of a lawyer during the 
preliminary investigation, one of the goals was to prevent any torture during 
said investigations...What a shame that some security services have refrained 
from implementing this article! How disgraceful it is for Lebanon to be 
transformed from a state participating in drafting the Bill of Human Rights into 
a police-security state that violates all kinds of human rights and carries out 
all sorts of humiliation, intimidation and torture! Let everyone who caused the 
death of the detainee at the State Security be held accountable immediately!"
MoPH: 454 new Corona cases, 2 deaths
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
In its daily report on COVID-19 developments, the Ministry of Public Health 
announced on Saturday the registration of 454 new Corona virus infections, which 
raised the cumulative number of confirmed cases to-date to 1,210,566.
Two deaths were recorded during the past 24 hours, the report added.
Abdallah commissioned to chair friendship committee between 
Lebanon & Indonesia
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
"Democratic Gathering" Member, MP Bilal Abdallah, has been commissioned to head 
the "Parliamentary Friendship Committee" between Lebanon and Indonesia, and to 
be Lebanon's Section member in the Arab Parliamentary Union.
Frem during a "Project Watan" seminar on health card: We 
will not allow collapse to occur
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
MP Neemat Frem considered that poor governance in the Lebanese economy, waste 
and random subsidies are the black hole that swallowed up all sectors, 
particularly the education and hospital sectors, i.e. Lebanon's DNA. "If they 
are not rescued, we will reach a genetic mutation," he said, stressing that "we 
will be on the lookout and will not allow collapse to happen." Frem's words came 
during a seminar organized by "Project Watan" at its headquarters in Dbayeh, to 
which stakeholders in the hospital and nursing sectors were invited in 
preparation for presenting the last phase of its health card project. "Any 
rescue plan we will implement in the government or parliament must be based on 
restoring the financial balance that includes all state institutions such as 
telecommunications, electricity and others, in order to avoid further wasting 
what is left in the reserves of the Banque du Liban and to avoid any additional 
loss incurred by the Lebanese citizen," he said. Frem added that the state, in 
return, has to put in place a social and health protection system, so that the 
citizen obtains sustainable services that would ensure his resilience and 
support his steadfastness. He stressed "the need to restructure the priority 
scale in citizen's rights, and therefore in the targeted support required," 
referring to a draft law that will be submitted to Parliament to approve the 
health card.
Democratic Party Secretary-General visits House Speaker: We 
are open to everyone for the interest of Lebanon & its people
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
Lebanese Democratic Party's Secretary-General, Professor Wissam Sharrouf, 
visited Saturday House Speaker Nabih Berri at Ain al-Tineh Palace, where talks 
centered on current political developments and the situation in southern 
Lebanon.
Sharrouf stressed that "the historical relationship between Party Chief Talal 
Arslan and Speaker Berri is based on mutual respect and devotion," and denotes a 
"strategic relationship for the interest of Lebanon and its people." He added: 
"We will pursue this relationship with the directives of the Democratic Party 
leader, with ongoing coordination and openness to all Lebanese components and 
parties."In turn, Speaker Berri congratulated Sharrouf on assuming his new 
position, wishing him all success.
Agriculture Ministry: To take necessary precautions for 
public safety in wake of increasing heat wave
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
In an issued statement today, the Ministry of Agriculture called on citizens to 
"take the necessary precautions for public safety while commuting or hiking in 
the woods and forests with the intensifying heat wave."The Ministry underlined 
the need to inform the relevant apparatuses of any firefighting operations on 
all Lebanese territories. It also announced that "cooperation with 
municipalities and NGOs will take place to maintain maximum readiness in order 
to keep pace with early warnings and organize the intervention of citizen 
volunteers."The Ministry called on citizens and farmers to "follow up on the 
guidance bulletins it issues, alongside its affiliated institutions.
Al-Makari says return of homeland's sons, dignified return 
of displaced to their country denote next battle's headlines
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Minister of Information, Ziad Al-Makari, considered that seeing Lebanon's 
expatriates back in their homeland and ensuring the return of the displaced 
Syrians to their country with dignity and humanity are the headlines of the next 
battle. 'We all know that the country is not in good condition and this affects 
all ministries, departments and the state as a whole, but we are trying with our 
available means to reflect a beautiful image of our country through the presence 
of rich Lebanese capabilities despite the immigration of our children on the one 
hand and the impact of displacement on our land on the other hand," Makari said. 
Therefore, he stressed that the next battle in Lebanon should be to work on 
having the homeland's sons back in their mother country and ensuring the return 
of the displaced to their state with dignity and humanity. "The current stage is 
very difficult and delicate as we await several successive entitlements...and 
Lebanon is open to all possibilities," he added, stressing that "we have to be 
believers, with all our affiliations, that we are able to get our country out of 
this ordeal."Al-Makari considered that each has a role to play to achieve this 
goal of saving Lebanon from the clutches of collapse, particularly those working 
in the media sector. The Minister's words came during a luncheon banquet held in 
his honor by the founder of the "Batroun Times" Website, Stephan Assal, in 
presence of various media professionals and prominent figures. Al-Makari 
expressed his great fondness for the region of Batroun, recalling his old times 
as a student working on a university project about the city. "Perhaps my choice 
fell on the city of Batroun at that time as the subject of my project because I 
had a vision of the most beautiful Lebanon as we desire it to be...an 
environmental Lebanon and a Lebanon of coexistence and openness," he said. He 
hailed the people of Batroun for their devotion to their city and their 
continuous strive to render it in its current attractive image as a touristic 
and cultural landmark, "thanks to its sons who belong to their homeland and city 
alone, far from sectarianism, politics and narrow sensitivities," he said.
Army: 11 Syrians, Lebanese arrested for possession of 
weapons, ammunition in Akkar's Zouk al-Habalsa town
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022  
Lebanese Army Command - Orientation Directorate issued a statement today, 
indicating that an army force raided a building in the town of Zouk al-Habalsa 
in Akkar, arrested 11 Syrians and Lebanese individuals and seized various 
weapons and ammunition that were in their possession. An investigation was 
launched with the detainees under the supervision of the competent judiciary, 
the statement added.
Makhzoumi, Sandri review prevailing conditions in Lebanon 
and the world
NNA/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Head of the "National Dialogue" Party, MP Fouad Makhzoumi, met in Rome with the 
Dean of the Congregation for the Eastern Churches, Cardinal Leonardo Sandri, 
with talks touching on developments in the world and the region, and the 
prevailing situation in Lebanon. During the meeting, Makhzoumi highlighted "the 
importance of supporting Lebanon in international forums, especially at the 
economic level, and maintaining its stability and security by all means." He 
expressed his confidence that "Lebanon's support means a lot to the Vatican, 
with its Christian presence and the diverse Lebanese fabric, culture and 
civilization."He also emphasized the need to hold the presidential elections on 
time without delay, underlining the importance of uniting all national, 
reformist and sovereign forces to secure the election of a new salvation 
president of the republic. He added that "overcoming the prevailing crisis 
requires concerted efforts to stop the deterioration, save the country 
financially and economically, and launch a workshop to reform institutions." 
Moreover, Makhzoumi stressed on preventing the system of weapons and corruption 
from imposing a president who is an extension of the current approach, 
especially that the upcoming presidential elections will not only shape 
Lebanon's future for the next six years, but will change the image of Lebanon 
forever...Finally, Makhzoumi reiterated that "Lebanon is a model of coexistence, 
and the approach of exclusivity and imposing decisions adopted by the current 
system is not acceptable to most Lebanese because it contradicts with the 
Lebanese uniqueness in democracy and openness to the world."
The Latest English LCCC 
Miscellaneous Reports And News published
on September 03-04/2022
If Israel fails to stop Iran nuclear 
deal, military means only way to prevent atomic bomb
The Media Line,Ynet|/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Analysis: Former Israeli general says Jewish state should play any possible card 
in order to convince the Americans not to revive agreement with Tehran, which 
would reshape Mideast if it gets capability to produce a nuclear weapon
The Mossad intelligence agency chief David Barnea will visit Washington next 
week as part of Israel’s attempts to dissuade the U.S. and other Western powers 
from signing the nuclear deal with Iran. 
Follow Ynetnews on Facebook and Twitter
Barnea will be the third senior Israeli official to do so in recent days after 
both Defense Minister Benny Gantz and National Security Adviser Eyal Hulata also 
visited Washington in the last week. Ashley Perry, a global communications 
strategist and a former senior adviser to Israeli government ministers, said it 
is clear that Israel is extremely worried about a return to the The Joint 
Comprehensive Plan of Action because of what it believes the agreement to be. 
Israel also has other ways of staying abreast of what is in the yet unannounced 
deal, he said. Brig. Gen. (res.) Yossi Kuperwasser, director of the Project on 
Regional Middle East Developments at the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, 
former director-general of the Israeli Strategic Affairs Ministry, and head of 
the Research Division of the IDF Military Intelligence Directorate, said Israel 
will keep making efforts and play any possible card in order to convince the 
Americans to not return to the deal. “As long as the deal is not concluded we 
shall make an effort, definitely the Mossad chief’s visit is a main card, it’s 
one of our aces,” Kuperwasser said, adding that Prime Minister Yair Lapid is 
trying to speak personally with U.S. President Joe Biden. “There’s never a last 
card to play, as long as they have not concluded the deal, Israel will play any 
possible card in order to convince the Americans” not to sign a new JCPOA.
Kuperwasser explained that Israel is directing its message to every corner of 
the U.S. administration and that the head of the Mossad likely will meet with 
the chiefs of the intelligence community.
If Israel fails to stop Iran nuclear deal, military means only way to prevent 
atomic bomb
Analysis: Former Israeli general says Jewish state should play any possible card 
in order to convince the Americans not to revive agreement with Tehran, which 
would reshape Mideast if it gets capability to produce a nuclear weapon
The Mossad intelligence agency chief David Barnea will visit Washington next 
week as part of Israel’s attempts to dissuade the U.S. and other Western powers 
from signing the nuclear deal with Iran. 
Barnea will be the third senior Israeli official to do so in recent days after 
both Defense Minister Benny Gantz and National Security Adviser Eyal Hulata also 
visited Washington in the last week.
Ashley Perry, a global communications strategist and a former senior adviser to 
Israeli government ministers, said it is clear that Israel is extremely worried 
about a return to the The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action because of what it 
believes the agreement to be. Israel also has other ways of staying abreast of 
what is in the yet unannounced deal, he said.
Brig. Gen. (res.) Yossi Kuperwasser, director of the Project on Regional Middle 
East Developments at the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, former 
director-general of the Israeli Strategic Affairs Ministry, and head of the 
Research Division of the IDF Military Intelligence Directorate, said Israel will 
keep making efforts and play any possible card in order to convince the 
Americans to not return to the deal.
“As long as the deal is not concluded we shall make an effort, definitely the 
Mossad chief’s visit is a main card, it’s one of our aces,” Kuperwasser said, 
adding that Prime Minister Yair Lapid is trying to speak personally with U.S. 
President Joe Biden. “There’s never a last card to play, as long as they have 
not concluded the deal, Israel will play any possible card in order to convince 
the Americans” not to sign a new JCPOA.
Kuperwasser explained that Israel is directing its message to every corner of 
the U.S. administration and that the head of the Mossad likely will meet with 
the chiefs of the intelligence community.
Perry added that Israel’s intelligence agencies will be presenting a large 
amount of information that it has on how Iran has abrogated the deal in the past 
and how it will not honor the deal in the future, in addition to facts to which 
the U.S. and its allies should be paying special attention. He added that Israel 
is concerned about the nuclear deal because it believes that it is not a pathway 
to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons capability and that Israel has 
been successful in changing U.S. views on some of the major issues ahead of a 
return to the deal. For example, he said, “when the U.S. was considering taking 
off the Revolutionary Guard Corps from the terrorist watchlist, Israel brought a 
lot of information to show how that would be dangerous, also the Guard's 
involvement in attempted assassinations around the world, their attempts to 
destabilize the region, and their involvement in Iranian proxy wars whether 
they’re in Yemen, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, or elsewhere.” Kuperwasser says that 
even though Israel is invested in making the best effort possible to convince 
the U.S. that rejoining the deal would be a mistake, it appears that the 
Americans are extremely determined to go back to the agreement because they want 
to avoid any need to confront Iran at this point. “They have some commitment to 
the Obama administration and that is why they want to go back to this agreement 
regardless of the dangers that are embedded in it,” he said. "In 2015, when 
Israel had a lot of criticism of the deal and shared their concerns with the 
U.S., the Americans said that they appreciated how important the comments were, 
and then omitted and ignored them when the deal was concluded," Kuperwasser 
said. “I don’t think that this time, too, we can expect a different attitude 
from the Americans, I think that they are going to listen, and then do what they 
want to do,” he added. Perry said that “Israel is telling the Americans and 
other Western powers that it has that military capability that is not bound by 
this agreement and if it feels that Iran is moving even closer to nuclear 
weapons capability, that could be for some in Israel a casus belli to take some 
of those actions that it is preparing for.” He added that Iran doesn’t 
necessarily have to procure an actual bomb, just the capability to produce one 
could change the shape of the region. Kuperwasser noted that, technically, 
Israel may have the ability to hold Iran back from reaching the capability to 
produce nuclear weapons but taking such a decision is not going to be easy since 
it will mean some sort of confrontation between Israel and the United States. 
“We think these kinds of strategic relations that we have with the United States 
are extremely important for our security,” he added. “I think that Israel is 
going to continue to develop capabilities to keep the Iranians away from having 
the capability to produce nuclear weapons. It’s not easy and it’s becoming even 
more difficult with the agreement,” he said.
*The story is written by Debbie Mohnblatt and reprinted with permission from The 
Media Line
Tehran Defends Its Second Response to EU Draft Proposal
London – Tehran /Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 
September, 2022
Tehran, for the second time since the EU presented its draft for reviving the 
Iran nuclear deal, has given a response to Western parties. Iranian officials 
are defending the context of Iran’s response at a time when supporters of a deal 
warn that the diplomatic window that has been open since 2021 could close. Iran 
had sent a second response through the EU Coordinator Enrique Mora, following 
the US introducing amendments to the EU proposed draft. Iranian state media said 
the response was “in writing,” and that “the text sent has a positive approach 
with the aim of completing the negotiations.”
In a Friday statement, Iran’s Foreign Ministry said that the country’s top 
diplomat, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, had reviewed the latest developments in 
negotiations with his Omani counterpart, Badr al Busaidi. Abdollahian emphasized 
Iran’s will to achieve a good, strong, and sustainable agreement. “In the 
process of preparing the response of Iran, speeding up and facilitating the 
conclusion of negotiations has been considered,” the Iranian chief diplomat 
said. The state-run ISNA news agency had quoted the last statement made by 
Abdollahian hours earlier, during a brief comment on Tehran's response to 
Washington. “I openly announced that Iran is ready to hold a ministerial meeting 
to announce the final agreement next week, if the final agreement is reached and 
the few demands put forward by Iran are met,” said the foreign minister. 
Commenting on French President Emmanuel Macron’s recent statements on hopes for 
reaching an agreement within the coming days, ISNA said that Macron’s statements 
“come in continuation of Western countries’ efforts to increase pressure on 
public opinion against Iran to accept an agreement in the Vienna negotiations, 
without presenting reliable guarantees from other signatories.”
US Congress Intensifies Criticism of Possible 
Nuclear Agreement with Iran
Washington - Heba El Koudsy/Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Democratic and Republican legislators have stepped up their attacks on a 
possible nuclear agreement being reached with Iran. Many members of Congress 
have expressed increasing concern about the path taken by the Biden 
administration, and its attempt to marginalize Congress in ongoing negotiations 
to revive the 2015 deal. Partisan frustration coincided with many questions 
arising about the terms of the agreement and its final text, the extent of 
Iran's commitment to it, and the extent to which it limits Tehran’s ability to 
possess a nuclear weapon or finance terrorism.
American legislators expressed their fears about the agreement being a “victory 
for Iran.” Without an extension for the sunset clause, which expires in 2025, 
Iran will no longer face restrictions on developing advanced centrifuges. In 
2031, the agreement will expire, lifting all obstacles that disrupt the Iranian 
nuclear program and allowing Tehran to acquire a nuclear weapon with impunity. 
“Their foreign policy has been an utter embarrassment and made us less safe,” 
tweeted Senator Bill Hagerty about the Biden administration’s conduct. Hagerty 
blamed the Biden administration for “attempting to rejoin the Iran nuclear deal 
that enriches and assists the world’s largest state-sponsor of terrorism.” 
Republican Senator Jim Risch said that the Biden administration is pressing for 
a nuclear agreement that is incompatible with US national security interests.
“Lifting sanctions will increase Iran's ability to finance terrorism, and will 
lead to further instability in the region,” he tweeted. Republican lawmakers 
noted that the deal that Biden is close to signing is “worse than the one 
negotiated by Obama and provides Iran with hundreds of billions of dollars in 
frozen assets.” Moreover, legislators argued that the deal pursued by the Biden 
administration changes non-secondary terrorist designations and lifts other 
secondary sanctions. In less than six months, the deal would lift sanctions and 
arms embargoes imposed on Iran. This means that Iran would be able to obtain 
conventional weapons.
Iran Equips 51 Cities with Civil Defense Systems, 
Says Defense Official
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Iran has equipped 51 of its cities and towns with civil defense systems to 
thwart any possible foreign attack, a senior defense official said on Saturday, 
amid an escalation of tensions with Israel and the United States. The civil 
defense equipment enable Iran’s armed forces to “identify and monitor threats by 
using round-the-clock software according to the type of the threat and risk,” 
deputy defense minister General Mehdi Farahi was quoted as saying by Iranian 
media. "These days, depending on the strength of countries, the form of battles 
has become more complicated,” said Farahi, adding that hybrid forms of warfare 
including cyber, biological and radioactive attacks, have replaced classical 
wars. He did not name the countries that could threaten Iran. Iran has accused 
Israel and the United States of cyber-attacks in recent years that have impaired 
the country's infrastructure. Iran has also accused Israel, which has neither 
confirmed nor denied responsibility, of sabotaging its nuclear facilities. 
US-Iran military tensions have also long dogged the region. In the latest 
incident, Iran seized US military sail drones in the Red Sea earlier this week - 
even as both countries pursue nuclear talks. On Tuesday, the US Navy said it 
foiled an attempt by Iran's Revolutionary Guards naval forces to capture an 
unmanned surface vessel operated by the US 5th Fleet in the Gulf. Iran said the 
drone was a danger to maritime traffic.
Israeli Attacks Squeeze Iranian Aerial Supplies to 
Syria, Sources Say
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Israel has intensified strikes on Syrian airports to disrupt 
Tehran's increasing use of aerial supply lines to deliver arms to allies in 
Syria and Lebanon including Hezbollah, regional diplomatic and intelligence 
sources told Reuters. Tehran has adopted air transport as a more reliable means 
of ferrying military equipment to its forces and allied fighters in Syria, 
following disruptions to ground transfers. Israel has long seen its foe Iran's 
deepening entrenchment in Syria as a national security threat and is widening 
the scope of its strikes to hit at this new transport method, the diplomatic and 
intelligence sources said. The latest strikes on Wednesday night damaged Aleppo 
airport just before the arrival of a plane from Iran, a commander in an 
Iran-backed regional alliance who was familiar with the incident told Reuters. 
Israel also carried out a strike on Damascus airport, damaging equipment, the 
government said, the second such attack airport since June when Israeli air 
strikes on the runway knocked it out of service for two weeks. A Western 
intelligence source said that strike had also aimed to prevent the arrival of a 
cargo plane. A spokesperson for the Israeli military declined to comment on the 
reports. Israel has been mounting attacks in Syria for years against what it has 
described as Iranian and Iran-backed forces that have deployed there during the 
11-year war. Ram Ben-Barak, head of the Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense 
Committee, said that Israel's goal in Syria is to prevent Iran's plan "to 
establish another front against Israel in Syria and strengthen Hezbollah's 
capabilities in Lebanon."In an interview with Tel Aviv 102 FM, he added that 
Israel has "managed to foil this plan in various ways."
'Playing with fire'
Syria's foreign minister responded to Wednesday's air strikes by saying Israel 
was "playing with fire" and threatening regional security. A regional diplomatic 
source told Reuters the strikes marked a shift in Israeli targeting. "They 
started to hit infrastructure used by the Iranians for ammunition supplies to 
Lebanon," the source said. "In the past it was only the supplies but not the 
airport. Now, they hit the runway," the source added. That shift has been 
prompted by Iran's increasing use of commercial airliners instead of ground 
transfers to shuttle weaponry into Syria’s two major airports, according to a 
Western intelligence source based in the region and a Syrian military defector 
familiar with the strikes’ targets. The intelligence source said Israel’s 
intelligence-gathering had indicated "more flights were being used" to transport 
weapons and small military hardware that "can be smuggled in the regular 
civilian flights from Tehran." In 2019, the United States sanctioned Mahan Air 
for transporting weapons and personnel to Iranian forces in Syria. The Syrian 
military defector said such hardware typically included small UAV drone 
components, parts for precision-guided missiles and night vision equipment that 
are easy to "put in a carton in a civilian plane." Ground transfers through 
Iraq, Syria and into Lebanon have been less appealing since local rivalries and 
turf wars along the Iraqi-Syrian border – where pro-Iran Iraqi militias are 
based – had been disrupting stock flows, the defector said. When the Damascus 
airport was hit in June, Iran and allies began to increasingly use the Aleppo 
airport for transfers, he added – prompting the strikes there about two months 
later. The strikes also provide clues as to where Iran is now deepening is 
entrenchment, said Nawar Shaaban, an analyst at the Omran Center for Strategic 
Studies, which focuses on Syria. While the strikes years ago concentrated on 
areas around Damascus and military zones in the northwest, their spread to 
Aleppo and even coastal zones highlight locations from which Israel perceives a 
strategic threat to emanate, he said. "The dangerous thing is that when we look 
at these areas that are being hit, it tells us that Iran has spread out more," 
Shaban said. "Every time we see a strike hit a new area, the reaction is, 'whoah, 
Israel hit there'. But what we should be saying is, 'whoah, Iran is there'."
Report: Assad Has Been Barring Iran from Retaliating to 
Israeli Raids on Syria for 3 Years
Ramallah - Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has been barring Iran for three years now from 
retaliating to Israeli raids on Syria to avert an escalation, reported Israel’s 
Haaretz. Assad reportedly made the order directly to Iran’s slain Quds Force 
commander Qassem Soleimani and it has largely held. Soleimani was killed in a US 
drone strike near Baghdad airport in January 2020. Israel has carried out 
hundreds of strikes on Syria to prevent Iran’s entrenchment there. Tehran has 
not retaliated, both directly or indirectly, through its armed factions in the 
unoccupied parts of the Golan Heights. The New York Times had last week 
confirmed that Assad has been barring Iran from responding to Israeli attacks. 
Haaretz elaborated, saying the Syrians do not want an attack against Israel to 
be launched from its territories because they fear the eruption of a widescale 
war that would further weaken a country that is already suffering from years of 
conflict. Iranian militias have consequently opted to target American bases in 
Syria with the hope that that would prompt Washington to pressure Israel to stop 
its raids. After Soleiman’s killing, Assad issued the same instruction to his 
successor Esmail Qaani, said Haaretz. The report was released two days after a 
purported Israeli strike on Aleppo airport in northern Syria. The attack 
Wednesday night on Aleppo International Airport came as an Israeli strike only 
months earlier took out the runway at the country's main airport in the capital, 
Damascus, over Iranian weapons transfers to the country. Syrian Foreign Minister 
Faisal al-Mikdad said Thursday Israel was “playing with fire” and risking 
igniting a widescale military conflict. Israel does not usually comment on its 
strikes on Syria, but it has acknowledged carrying out hundreds of attacks on 
Iran-backed groups there. It has also struck arms shipments to Hezbollah in 
Lebanon.
Russia Keeps Pipeline Shut as Gazprom, Siemens Energy 
Wrangle
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Russia kept one of its main gas supply routes to Europe shut on Saturday, 
stoking fears of winter fuel shortages and spotlighting differences between 
Gazprom and Germany's Siemens Energy over repair work on the pipeline. Already 
struggling to tame soaring gas prices, European governments had expected the 
Nord Stream 1 pipeline to resume flows after a short maintenance this week but 
Russia abruptly cancelled the restart, citing an oil leak in a turbine. Europe 
has accused Russia of weaponizing energy supplies in what Moscow has called an 
"economic war" with the West over the fallout from Russia's invasion of Ukraine. 
Moscow blames Western sanctions and technical issues for supply disruptions. The 
latest Nord Stream shutdown, which Russia says will last for as long as it takes 
to carry out repairs, added to fears of winter gas shortages that could help tip 
major economies into recession and energy rationing. The discovery of the oil 
leak on Friday coincided with the Group of Seven (G7) wealthy democracies 
proceeding with plans to impose a price gap on Russian oil, intending to shrink 
President Vladimir Putin's resources to fight the war in Ukraine.
Gas shortages also prompted European Union member Sweden on Saturday to unveil a 
financial support package for energy firms. "If we do not act, there is a 
serious risk of disruptions in the financial system, which in the worst case 
could lead to a financial crisis," said Prime Minister Magdalena Andersson. "Putin 
wants to create division, but our message is clear: you will not succeed," she 
said.
Gas price rally expected
Gazprom said Siemens Energy was ready to carry out repairs on the pipeline but 
that there was nowhere available to carry out the work, a suggestion Siemens 
Energy denied, saying it had not been asked to do the job. Siemens Energy has 
also said that sanctions do not prohibit maintenance. Before the latest round of 
maintenance, Gazprom had already cut flows to just 20% of the pipeline's 
capacity. "Siemens is taking part in repair work in accordance with the current 
contract, is detecting malfunctions ... and is ready to fix the oil leaks. Only 
there is nowhere to do the repair," Gazprom said in a statement on its Telegram 
channel on Saturday. Siemens Energy said it had not been commissioned to carry 
out the work but was available, adding that the Gazprom-reported leak would not 
usually affect the operation of a turbine and could be sealed on site. 
"Irrespective of this, we have already pointed out several times that there are 
enough additional turbines available in the Portovaya compressor station for 
Nord Stream 1 to operate," a spokesperson for the company said. Flows through 
Nord Stream 1 were due to resume early on Saturday morning. But hours before it 
was set to start pumping gas, Gazprom published a photo on Friday of what it 
said was an oil leak on a piece of equipment. Siemens Energy, which supplies and 
maintains equipment at Nord Stream 1's Portovaya compressor station said on 
Friday the leak did not constitute a technical reason to stop gas flows.
"Global natural gas prices will likely rally hard on Monday as markets readjust 
to this latest #Gazprom development," Tom Marzec-Manser, Head of Gas Analytics 
at ICIS, said on twitter. "The closure of #NordStream1 reduces overall Russian 
pipeline flows yet further and will make balancing supply & demand this winter 
all the more difficult."
Asked about the halt on Saturday, Economic Commissioner Paolo Gentiloni said 
that the European Union expects Russia to respect its agreed energy contracts 
but is prepared to meet the challenge if Moscow fails to do so. The German 
network regulator said that the country's gas supply was currently guaranteed 
but the situation was fragile and further deterioration could not be ruled out. 
"The defects alleged by the Russian side are not a technical reason for the halt 
of operations," it said. Wholesale gas prices have rocketed more than 400% since 
August 2021, squeezing households already gripped by a cost-of-living crisis and 
forcing some energy hungry industries, such as fertilizer and aluminum makers, 
to scale back production. The European Commission has said a full cut-off of 
Russian gas supplies to Europe, if combined with a cold winter, could reduce 
average EU gross domestic product by up to 1.5% if countries did not prepare in 
advance.
Ukraine’s Nuclear Plant Partly Goes Offline amid Fighting
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
The head of the UN nuclear watchdog said Saturday that the Russian-controlled 
Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in Ukraine was disconnected to its last external 
power line but was still able to run electricity through a reserve line amid 
sustained shelling in the area. International Atomic Energy Agency 
Director-General Rafael Grossi said in a statement that the agency's experts, 
who arrived at Zaporizhzhia on Thursday, were told by senior Ukrainian staff 
that the fourth and last operational line was down. The three others were lost 
earlier during the conflict. But the IAEA experts learned that the reserve line 
linking the facility to a nearby thermal power plant was delivering the 
electricity the plant generates to the external grid, the statement said. The 
same reserve line can also provide backup power to the plant if needed, it 
added. “We already have a better understanding of the functionality of the 
reserve power line in connecting the facility to the grid,” Grossi said. “This 
is crucial information in assessing the overall situation there.” In addition, 
the plant's management informed the IAEA that one reactor was disconnected 
Saturday afternoon because of grid restrictions. Another reactor is still 
operating and producing electricity both for cooling and other essential safety 
functions at the site and for households, factories and others through the grid, 
the statement said. The Zaporizhzhia facility, which is Europe's largest nuclear 
plant, has been held by Russian forces since early March, but its Ukrainian 
staff are continuing to operate it.
The Russian-appointed city administration in Enerhodar, where the Zaporizhzhia 
plant is located, blamed an alleged Ukrainian shelling attack on Saturday 
morning for destroying a key power line.“The provision of electricity to the 
territories controlled by Ukraine has been suspended due to technical 
difficulties,” the municipal administration said in a post on its official 
Telegram channel. It wasn't clear whether electricity from the plant was still 
reaching Russian-held areas.
Vladimir Rogov, a member of the Kremlin-appointed regional administration said 
on Telegram that a shell had struck an area between two reactors. His claims 
couldn't be immediately verified. Over the past several weeks, Ukraine and 
Russia have traded blame over shelling at and near the plant, while also 
accusing each other of attempts to derail the visit by IAEA experts, whose 
mission is meant to help secure the site. Grossi said their presence at the site 
is “a game changer.” Russia’s Defense Ministry said that Ukrainian troops 
launched another attempt to seize the plant late Friday, despite the presence of 
the IAEA monitors, sending 42 boats with 250 special forces personnel and 
foreign “mercenaries” to attempt a landing on the bank of the nearby Kakhovka 
reservoir. The ministry said that four Russian fighter jets and two helicopter 
gunships destroyed about 20 boats and the others turned back. It added that the 
Russian artillery struck the Ukrainian-controlled right bank of the Dnieper 
River to target the retreating landing party. The ministry claimed that the 
Russian military killed 47 troops, including 10 “mercenaries” and wounded 23. 
The Russian claims couldn’t be independently verified. The plant has repeatedly 
suffered complete disconnection from Ukraine’s power grid since last week, with 
the country’s nuclear energy operator Enerhoatom blaming mortar shelling and 
fires near the site.
Local Ukrainian authorities accused Moscow of pounding two cities that overlook 
the plant across the Dnieper River with rockets, also an accusation they have 
made repeatedly over the past weeks. In Zorya, a small village about 20 
kilometers (12 miles) from the Zaporizhzhia plant, residents on Friday could 
hear the sound of explosions in the area. It’s not the shelling that scared them 
the most, but the risk of a radioactive leak in the plant. “The power plant, 
yes, this is the scariest,” said Natalia Stokoz, a mother of three. "Because the 
kids and adults will be affected, and it’s scary if the nuclear power plant is 
blown up.”Oleksandr Pasko, a 31-year-old farmer, said “there is anxiety because 
we are quite close.” Pasko said that the Russian shelling has intensified in 
recent weeks.
During the first weeks of the war, authorities gave iodine tablets and masks to 
people living near the plant in case of radiation exposure. Recently, they’ve 
also distributed iodine pills in Zaporizhzhia city, about 50 kilometers (31 
miles) from the plant.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan offered to take the role of “facilitator” 
on the issue of the Zaporizhzhia plant, in a phone call with Russian President 
Vladimir Putin on Saturday, according to a statement from the Turkish 
presidency.
The Ukrainian military on Saturday morning reported that Russian forces 
overnight pressed their stalled advance in the country’s industrial east, while 
also trying to hold on to areas captured in Ukraine’s northeast and south, 
including in the Kherson region cited as the target of Kyiv’s recent 
counteroffensive.
It added that Ukrainian forces repelled around a half-dozen Russian attacks 
across the Donetsk region, including near two cities singled out as key targets 
of Moscow’s grinding effort to capture the rest of the province. The Donetsk 
region is one of two that make up Ukraine’s industrial heartland of the Donbas, 
alongside Luhansk, which was overrun by Russian troops in early July. 
Separately, the British military confirmed in its regular update Saturday 
morning that Ukrainian forces were conducting “renewed offensive operations” in 
the south of Ukraine, advancing along a broad front west of the Dnieper and 
focusing on three axes within the Russian-occupied Kherson region. “The 
operation has limited immediate objectives, but Ukraine’s forces have likely 
achieved a degree of tactical surprise; exploiting poor logistics, 
administration and leadership in the Russian armed forces,” the UK defense 
ministry tweeted. Russian shelling killed an 8-year-old child and wounded at 
least four others in a southern Ukrainian town close to the Kherson region, 
Ukrainian officials said.
Türkiye Can Be Facilitator on Ukraine Nuclear Plant, 
Erdogan Tells Putin
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan told Russian President Vladimir Putin in a 
phone call that his country can play a facilitator role regarding the 
Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in Ukraine, his office said on Saturday. The two 
leaders also discussed developments regarding Ukrainian grain exports and 
expressed their determination to continue the construction of the Akkuyu nuclear 
plant in Türkiye according to plans, the Turkish presidency said. Erdogan and 
Putin agreed to discuss the issues in detail when they meet in Samarkand, 
Uzbekistan, for a summit on Sept. 15-16, it added.
Ukraine-Bound Grain Ship’s Engine Fails in Bosphorus, 2nd 
Incident This Week
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
A cargo ship bound for Ukraine to pick up grains under a UN-brokered deal had a 
brief engine failure as it was transiting Istanbul's Bosphorus Strait overnight, 
a shipping company said on Saturday, marking a second incident this week. The 
Briza's engine failed around 2330 GMT on Friday and it anchored near Istanbul's 
Kandilli region, Tribeca Shipping said. The ship lifted anchor at 0120 GMT on 
Saturday and was to proceed to an anchorage area in the southern Bosphorus by 
tug boats, it said. Traffic in the Bosphorus was halted and southbound traffic 
was to continue at 0530 GMT, Tribeca added. Refinitiv Eikon data showed the 
Briza was anchored to the south of the Bosphorus at 0628 GMT. Lady Zehma, a 
cargo ship carrying more than 3,000 tons of corn from Ukraine, was towed to 
anchorage in Istanbul after briefly running aground due to a rudder failure on 
Thursday night. Such incidents are rare on the picturesque Bosphorus, which 
divides Türkiye’s largest city and connects the Black Sea to the Marmara Sea and 
beyond to the Mediterranean. The Istanbul-based Joint Coordination Center (JCC) 
- which oversees the agreement and includes United Nations, Russian, Ukrainian 
and Turkish officials - said on Friday the Briza was inspected and cleared to 
sail to Ukraine along with seven other ships. As of Friday, some 1.77 million 
tons of grain and other foodstuffs had been exported from Ukraine under the 
deal, while 160 inbound and outbound voyages had been enabled, the JCC said. 
Ukraine's grain exports slumped after Russia invaded the country on Feb. 24 and 
blockaded its Black Sea ports, driving up global food prices and prompting fears 
of shortages in Africa and the Middle East. Three ports were unblocked under the 
deal signed on July 22 by Moscow and Kyiv, and brokered by the UN and Ankara.
Russia's Gazprom Expected to Resume Pipeline Supplies
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Russia's Gazprom looked set to resume gas supplies to Europe via Nord Stream 1 
this weekend, data from the pipeline operator showed Friday, after a halt that 
fueled an energy crisis. The resumption Saturday of deliveries after the 
three-day stoppage -- which Gazprom said was needed for repairs -- would bring 
some short-term relief, AFP said. But it will do little to ease fears about 
further supply disruptions as winter approaches. Delivery orders, published on 
the Nord Stream website, indicated that supplies should resume at 2:00 am 
Saturday (0000 GMT) at 20 percent of their usual capacity -- the same level as 
before the latest maintenance works. The stoppage began on Wednesday, and 
reduced gas deliveries via the key pipeline that runs from Russia to northern 
Germany to zero. Gazprom had said the work on a compressor unit was necessary 
but Germany's Federal Network Agency said the decision was "technically 
incomprehensible". Details of the expected volumes can still change and need to 
be confirmed by actual deliveries. A German economy ministry spokeswoman said 
while the pipeline operator had confirmed some initial orders, "we must 
nevertheless advise caution, and observe the situation closely".
Europe is facing soaring energy prices after Russia slashed gas deliveries to 
the region amid soaring tensions following its February invasion of Ukraine. 
Germany, which is particularly dependent on Russian gas, has accused Moscow of 
using energy as a "weapon". As winter approaches, European consumers are bracing 
for huge power bills, with some countries like France warning that rationing is 
a possibility. The Russian energy giant had already carried out 10 days of 
long-scheduled maintenance works in July. While it restored gas flows following 
the works, it drastically reduced supplies just days later, claiming a technical 
issue on a turbine. The Kremlin warned Friday that Nord Stream may face future 
technical difficulties after the ongoing maintenance work, blaming sanctions for 
a shortage of spare parts. "There are no technical reserves, only one turbine is 
working," Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters.
"So the reliability of the operation, of the whole system, is at risk," he said, 
adding that it was "not through the fault" of Gazprom.
Russia Says US Yet to Issue Visas for Delegation to UN Summit
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Russia has expressed "alarm" to the UN's secretary-general that the US has yet 
to issue visas for its delegation to attend a General Assembly session later 
this month, according to a letter seen Friday by AFP. "None of the 56 Russian 
representatives from the main team and advance group have received entry visas 
to the United States" as of Thursday, wrote Russian Ambassador Vasily Nebenzia 
in a letter addressed to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. Nebenzia added 
that a "similar situation exists with the accompanying journalists and crew 
members" on the flight of Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov.
Lavrov is set to lead Russia's delegation to the UN General Assembly from 
September 20 to 26. "This is even more alarming since for the last several 
months the authorities of the United States have been constantly refusing to 
grant entry visas to a number of Russian delegates assigned to take part in the 
official United Nations events," added Nebenzia. "Visa issuance is the legal 
duty of the Host country, not a right or a privilege."According to a 1947 
agreement, the United States is not allowed to prevent representatives of member 
states from traveling to the UN headquarters in New York.
After Russia invaded Ukraine in February, the United States announced sanctions 
against Russian President Vladimir Putin and Lavrov, which included a ban on 
entering the country. "The United States takes seriously its obligations as host 
country of the UN," a State Department spokesperson told AFP in a statement, 
adding that he would not comment on individual cases as "visa records are 
confidential under US law.""To ensure timely processing, we repeatedly remind 
the Russian mission to the UN, as we do all other UN missions, that the United 
States needs applications as early as possible," the spokesperson said, blaming 
the long visa delays on Moscow's "forced termination of local and third country 
national staff" at the US embassy in Russia. A spokeswoman for UN chief Guterres 
told AFP that he was "in close contact" with the United States regarding the 
rules under the 1947 agreement. "We proactively engage with the US mission on 
visas for delegations to upcoming UN meetings at headquarters and liaise with 
the mission on specific cases that are brought to our attention," she said. "We 
are doing so in this case."
Egypt, Russia Discuss Nuclear Science Research 
Cooperation
Cairo - Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Egyptian Higher Education and Scientific Research Minister Ayman Ashour held 
talks on Friday with head of the International Cooperation Department of Joint 
Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Russia Dmitry Kamanin. The talks 
focused on means to activate a cooperation agreement signed with Moscow on the 
peaceful uses of nuclear energy through training programs for students and 
researchers. Ashour stressed the Egyptian government's keenness on holding 
cooperation with friendly countries in scientific research to achieve 
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a press statement said. He hailed the 
distinguished ties binding Egypt and Russia, especially in scientific research 
and fields related to nuclear research and its peaceful applications. The 
minister further underlined the importance of building the capabilities of young 
researchers through intense training. “The Egyptian government places youth at 
the forefront of its priorities,” Ashour declared. The Minister also lauded the 
ongoing cooperation between Egypt's Academy of Scientific Research and 
Technology (ASRT) and Russia's JINR in this respect. The meeting covered the 
procedures for dispatching this month, the second group of 15- and 16-year-old 
students excelling in physics to JINR, as part of an integrated plan adopted by 
ASRT to advance basic sciences, especially physics and mathematics, and support 
geniuses. The meeting also pointed out to the JINR's decision to raise the 
status of Egypt up to a full-fledged JINR Member State. At the end of the 
meeting, Ashour received an invitation from Kamanin to attend along with a 
high-level Egyptian delegation the proceedings of the training, which is 
organized by the JINR for a number of experts, politicians and decision-makers 
from the member states. Cooperation between Moscow and Cairo in the field of 
nuclear energy includes the construction of the Egyptian El-Dabaa Nuclear Plant. 
The construction by Russia's state-owned energy corporation Rosatom, began last 
month. The 4.8-gigawatt plant is located 300 kilometers west of Cairo in the 
Matrouh province on the Mediterranean.
Erdogan Accuses Greece of ‘Occupying’ Demilitarized 
Islands
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022 
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan accused Greece on Saturday of occupying islands 
in the Aegean Sea that have a demilitarized status, and said Türkiye was 
prepared to "do what is necessary" when the time comes. Historic rivals, Türkiye 
and Greece have been at odds over issues ranging from overflights and the status 
of Aegean islands to maritime boundaries and hydrocarbon resources in the 
Mediterranean, as well as ethnically split Cyprus. Ankara has recently accused 
Athens of arming the demilitarized Aegean islands - something Athens rejects, 
but Erdogan had not previously accused Greece of occupying them. "Your occupying 
the islands does not bind us. When the time, the hour, comes, we will do what is 
necessary," Erdogan said, speaking in the northern province of Samsun. Türkiye 
has recently been angered by what it said is harassment of its jets by Greek 
forces. Ankara has said that S-300 air defense systems used by Greece had locked 
on to Turkish jets during a routine flight. Türkiye celebrated Victory Day on 
Aug. 30, a national holiday commemorating Turkish forces driving out Greek 
forces in 1922. On Saturday, Erdogan also called on Greece to "not forget Izmir", 
referring to the Turkish victory. As Erdogan prepares for what is shaping up to 
be the biggest electoral challenge of his nearly 20-year rule in 2023, the 
president has played up achievements in the global stage. He has also stepped up 
his rhetoric on foreign policy. Ankara says the Aegean islands were given to 
Greece under the 1923 and 1947 treaties on condition that it does not arm them. 
Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu has repeatedly said Türkiye would start 
questioning Greek sovereignty over the islands if Athens persisted in arming 
them. Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis has said Türkiye’s position of 
questioning Greece's sovereignty over the islands is "absurd"
US Says Sending Envoy to Ethiopia, Condemns Eritrea Return 
to War
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
The United States on Friday dispatched an envoy to Ethiopia to seek an end to 
renewed fighting, and condemned neighboring Eritrea for re-entering the conflict 
in the northern region of Tigray. Mike Hammer, the US special envoy for the Horn 
of Africa, will head this weekend to Ethiopia and "convey that all parties 
should halt military operations and engage in peace talks," White House Press 
Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said. "We condemn Eritrea's re-entry into the 
conflict, the continuing TPLF offensive outside of Tigray and the Ethiopian 
government's air strikes," she told reporters, referring to the rebel Tigray 
People's Liberation Front, AFP said. Fighting resumed last week in the northern 
region after a five-month lull, dashing hopes of peacefully resolving the nearly 
two-year war and of ending a humanitarian crisis in which Tigray has suffered 
widespread hunger. "There is no military solution to the conflict," Jean-Pierre 
said. "All parties should exercise restraint and we urge de-escalation by all 
actors, particularly so that there can be a resumption of humanitarian relief 
and basic services to all parties in need." The State Department said Hammer, a 
veteran diplomat whose assignment also covers troubled Sudan and Somalia, would 
travel from Sunday through September 15 in the Horn of Africa. He will meet both 
Ethiopian and African Union officials as well as political players from 
elsewhere in the country, it said. Hammer took on the role in June and the 
following month visited Ethiopia in a bid to help launch peace talks, which 
never began due to disputes between the government and TPLF even while the 
ceasefire was holding. The two sides have traded blame for starting the latest 
round of hostilities. The TPLF, once Ethiopia's dominant force, has said that 
historic rival Eritrea again sent in forces as part of a major offensive with 
Ethiopian troops. Eritrea, one of the world's most closed nations with one of 
its most authoritarian governments, has been accused of heinous violence in the 
conflict. Amnesty International said that Eritrean forces at the start of the 
conflict in November 2020 massacred hundreds of civilians in the ancient city of 
Axum. After months of denial that Eritrean troops had crossed the border, 
Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed in March 2021 admitted to their presence and 
promptly announced their departure.
 US distance from Ethiopia -
Abiy won the Nobel Peace Prize for his reconciliation with Eritrea but has 
fallen out of favor with the United States, a longtime Ethiopian ally which 
voiced revulsion over the violence in Tigray, where US Secretary of State Antony 
Blinken has spoken of "ethnic cleansing." President Joe Biden's administration 
as of January 1 booted Ethiopia out of a key trade agreement that allowed 
duty-free access, outraging segments of the growing Ethiopian-American community 
which said the United States was ceding influence to rival powers such as China. 
Ethiopia's ambassador in Washington, Seleshi Bekele, met Thursday with senior 
officials including Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman and called on the 
United States to condemn the TPLF, which he said was to blame for breaking the 
ceasefire. Access to northern Ethiopia is severely restricted and Tigray has 
been under a communications blackout for over a year. TPLF spokesman Kindeya 
Gebrehiwot earlier told AFP that a major offensive was coming from Eritrea. 
Combat had been concentrated around the southeastern border of Tigray, with the 
rebels pushing into the neighboring Amhara and Afar regions, sending residents 
fleeing. The fighting so far has not terminated relief efforts, with UN 
spokesman Stephane Dujarric saying that 17 trucks distributed fertilizer in 
Tigray this week for farmers in their planting season. Abiy sent troops into 
Tigray to topple the TPLF in November 2020 in response to what he said were 
rebel attacks on federal army camps.
Gorbachev Buried in Moscow in Funeral Snubbed by Putin
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
Russians who came for a last look at former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev on 
Saturday mourned both the man and his policies that gave them hope. President 
Vladimir Putin claimed to be too busy to attend. Gorbachev, who died Tuesday at 
age 91, launched drastic reforms that helped end the Cold War. But he also 
precipitated the breakup of the Soviet Union, which Putin had called the 20th 
century's “greatest geopolitical catastrophe.” The farewell viewing of his body 
in an ostentatious hall near the Kremlin was shadowed by the awareness that the 
openness Gorbachev championed has been stifled under Putin.
“I want to thank him for my childhood of freedom, which we don’t have today,” 
said mourner Ilya, a financial services worker in his early 30s who declined to 
give his last name. “I am a son of perestroika,” he said, using the Russian word 
for Gorbachev’s reform, or reconstruction, initiatives.
“I’d like us to have more people like him in our history,” said another mourner, 
Yulia Prividennaya. “We need such politicians to settle the situation in the 
world when it’s on the verge of World War III.” After the viewing, Gorbachev's 
body was buried next to his wife Raisa in Novodevichy cemetery, where many 
prominent Russians lie, including the post-Soviet country's first president, 
Boris Yeltsin, whose struggle for power with Gorbachev sped up the collapse of 
the Soviet Union. The procession that carried the coffin into the cemetery was 
led by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Dmitry Muratov, editor of the Novaya Gazeta 
newspaper, Russia's last major Kremlin-critical news outlet before it suspended 
operations in March. Gorbachev used funds from his own Nobel prize to help start 
the paper. The Kremlin refusal to formally declare a state funeral reflected its 
uneasiness about the legacy of Gorbachev, who has been venerated worldwide for 
bringing down the Iron Curtain but reviled by ma 
Asked what specific business would keep Putin busy on Saturday, Kremlin 
spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters that the president was scheduled to have 
a series of working meetings, an international phone call and needs to prepare 
for a business forum in Russia’s Far East that he's due to attend next week.
Gorbachev's body was displayed for public viewing at the Pillar Hall of the 
House of the Unions, an opulent 18th-century mansion near the Kremlin that has 
served as the venue for state funerals since Soviet times.
Mourners passed by Gorbachev's open casket flanked by honorary guards, laying 
flowers as solemn music played. Gorbachev's daughter, Irina, and his two 
granddaughters sat beside the coffin. The grand, chandeliered hall lined by 
columns hosted balls for the nobility under the czars and served as a venue for 
high-level meetings and congresses along with state funerals during Soviet 
times. Upon entering the building, mourners saw honor guards flanking a large 
photo of Gorbachev standing with a broad smile, a reminder of the cheerful vigor 
he brought to the Soviet leadership after a series of dour, ailing predecessors.
The turnout was large enough that the viewing was extended for two more hours 
beyond the stated two hours. Despite the choice of the prestigious site for the 
farewell ceremony, the Kremlin stopped short of calling it a state funeral, with 
Peskov saying the ceremony will have “elements” of one, such as honorary guards, 
and the government’s assistance in organizing it. He wouldn’t describe how it 
will differ from a full-fledged state funeral.
Saturday's ceremony had all the trappings befitting a state funeral except the 
name, including the national flag draping Gorbachev's coffin. with 
goose-stepping guards firing shots in the air and a small band playing the 
Russian anthem, which uses the same melody as the Soviet anthem.
But officially declaring a state funeral for Gorbachev would have obliged Putin 
to attend it and would have required Moscow to invite foreign leaders, something 
that it was apparently reluctant to do amid soaring tensions with the West after 
Russia sent troops to Ukraine.
Dmitry Medvedev, the deputy head of Russia's Security Council chaired by Putin 
who served as Russia's president in 2008-2012, showed up at the farewell 
ceremony. He then released a post on a messaging app channel, referring to the 
1991 collapse of the Soviet Union and accusing the US and its allies of trying 
to engineer Russia’s breakup, a policy he described as a “chess game with 
Death.”
Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, who often has been critical of the 
Western sanctions against Russia, was the only foreign leader who attended the 
farewell on Saturday. The US, British, German and other Western ambassadors also 
attended.
The relatively modest ceremony contrasted with a lavish 2007 state funeral given 
to Yeltsin, who anointed Putin as his preferred successor and set the stage for 
him to win the presidency by stepping down. Grigory Yavlinsky, the leader of the 
liberal Yabloko party who worked on economic reform plans under Gorbachev, 
hailed him for “offering people an opportunity to say what they thought – 
something that Russia never had before.” Putin has avoided explicit personal 
criticism of Gorbachev, but has repeatedly blamed him for failing to secure 
written commitments from the West that would rule out NATO’s expansion eastward. 
The issue has marred Russia-West relations for decades and fomented tensions 
that exploded when the Russian leader sent troops into Ukraine on Feb. 24. In a 
carefully phrased letter of condolence released Wednesday avoiding explicit 
praise or criticism, Putin described Gorbachev as a man who left “an enormous 
impact on the course of world history.” “He led the country during difficult and 
dramatic changes, amid large-scale foreign policy, economic and society 
challenges,” Putin said. “He deeply realized that reforms were necessary and 
tried to offer his solutions for the acute problems.”
The Kremlin’s ambivalence about Gorbachev was reflected in state television 
broadcasts, which described his worldwide acclaim and grand expectations 
generated by his reforms, but held him responsible for plunging the country into 
political turmoil and economic woes and failing to properly defend the country’s 
interests in talks with the West.
US Approves $1.1 Billion in Arms for Taiwan, Angering China
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
The United States on Friday announced a $1.1 billion arms package for Taiwan, 
vowing to keep boosting the island's defenses as tensions soar with Beijing, 
which warned Washington of "counter-measures." The sale comes a month after 
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi defiantly visited the self-governing democracy, 
prompting mainland China to launch a show of force that could be a trial run for 
a future invasion, AFP said. The package -- the largest for Taiwan approved 
under President Joe Biden's administration -- includes $665 million for 
contractor support to maintain and upgrade a Raytheon early radar warning system 
in operation since 2013 that would warn Taiwan about an incoming attack. Taiwan 
will also spend $355 million on 60 Harpoon Block II missiles, which can track 
and sink incoming vessels if China launches an assault by water. The deal also 
includes $85.6 million for more than 100 Sidewinder missiles, a mainstay of 
Western militaries for their air-to-air firepower. Taiwanese Presidential Office 
spokesman Chang Tun-han in a statement thanked the United States for its 
continued support for the island's security and defense. "This arms sale will 
not only help our soldiers fight against grey zone coercion, it will also 
enhance the island's early warning capabilities against long range ballistic 
missiles," he said. The announcement of the sale comes one day after Taiwanese 
forces shot down an unidentified commercial drone amid a sudden spate of 
mysterious incursions that have unnerved the island following the earlier show 
of force by Beijing, which said it fired ballistic missiles over the capital 
Taipei. China, calling Taiwan an "inalienable" part of its territory, urged the 
United States to "immediately revoke" the arms sales. "It sends wrong signals to 
'Taiwan independence' separatist forces and severely jeopardizes China-US 
relations and peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait," said Liu Pengyu, 
spokesman for the Chinese embassy in Washington.
"China will resolutely take legitimate and necessary counter-measures in light 
of the development of the situation," he added.
'Essential' for Taiwan 
A spokesperson for the State Department, which approved the sale, said the 
package was "essential for Taiwan's security" and stressed that the United 
States still recognized only Beijing and not Taipei. "We urge Beijing to cease 
its military, diplomatic and economic pressure against Taiwan and instead engage 
in meaningful dialogue with Taiwan," the spokesperson said in a statement. The 
sales "are routine cases to support Taiwan's continuing efforts to modernize its 
armed forces and to maintain a credible defensive capability," the spokesperson 
said on condition of anonymity in line with protocol.
"The United States will continue to support a peaceful resolution of 
cross-Strait issues, consistent with the wishes and best interests of the people 
on Taiwan." The sale needs the approval of the US Congress, which is virtually 
assured as Taiwan enjoys strong support across party lines.
Ahead of the visit by Pelosi, who is second in line to the White House, Biden 
officials quietly made the case to China that she did not represent the 
administration's policy, as Congress is a separate and equal branch of 
government. The weapons approval, by contrast, clearly comes from the Biden 
administration, although it is consistent with sales since 1979 when the United 
States switched recognition to Beijing but agreed to maintain Taiwan's capacity 
for self-defense. Biden, on a trip to Tokyo in May, appeared to break with 
decades of US policy by saying the United States would defend Taiwan directly if 
it was attacked although his aides later walked back his remarks, insisting that 
US policy remained deliberately ambiguous. China considers Taiwan a province 
awaiting reunification, by force if necessary. China's nationalists set up a 
rival government in Taiwan in 1949 after losing the civil war on the mainland, 
although the island has since blossomed into a vibrant democracy and major 
technological hub. Russia's invasion of Ukraine has raised growing questions on 
whether China may follow suit in Taiwan and whether the island is equipped to 
defend itself. In a July appearance, CIA chief Bill Burns said that Chinese 
President Xi Jinping was still determined to assert control over Taiwan but that 
Russia's woes in Ukraine may have prompted Beijing to wait and make sure it 
would have an overwhelming military advantage.
Former Kyrgyzstan President Named UN Envoy to Afghanistan
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 3 September, 2022
United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has named former Kyrgyzstan 
president Roza Otunbayeva as the UN's new special representative for 
Afghanistan, his office announced Friday. Otunbayeva became interim president of 
Kyrgyzstan in April 2010 after a bloody uprising forced then-leader Kurmanbek 
Bakiyev into exile. She relinquished power the following year after new 
elections were organized, AFP said. A former parliamentarian and government 
minister, she was also a deputy special representative of the former UN mission 
to Georgia. She is currently a member of a high-level UN council dealing with 
the mediation and prevention of conflicts. She is replacing another woman, 
Canadian Deborah Lyons, as head of the UN mission in Afghanistan, where the 
rights of women and girls have been drastically curtailed since the Taliban's 
return to power last year. Separately, Guterres appointed Senegalese diplomat 
Abdoulaye Bathily as the UN's envoy to Libya following a recent outbreak of 
fighting between rival governments. The former Senegalese minister was 
previously the UN's representative in Central Africa, special adviser to the 
secretary-general for Madagascar and deputy special representative for the UN 
mission in Mali. The UN's efforts to hold peace talks and pave the way for 
elections has come under renewed pressure after violence shook Tripoli in late 
July. 
The Latest LCCC English analysis & 
editorials from miscellaneous sources published 
on September 03-04/2022
Skanderbeg: Scourge of Islam
Raymond Ibrahim/September 03/2022 
A monument to Skanderbeg, one of many in Europe
Today in history witnessed one of the most stalwart defenses against the Islamic 
spear-thrust into Europe—the Battle of Albulena in Albania, 1457.
To appreciate the significance of this epic clash, one must first appreciate the 
leader of the Albanian forces, George Kastrioti, better known as Skanderbeg 
(“Lord Alexander”). Today, he is as little known in the West as he was once 
widely celebrated all throughout Europe. His life, which is featured in the new 
book, Defenders of the West: The Christian Heroes Who Stood Against Islam, 
certainly validates the saying that “truth is stranger than fiction.”
Born of Albanian royalty, he was taken captive as a child by the Ottoman Turks, 
and trained to be a janissary, a Christian slave turned Muslim soldier. 
Excelling at war, he quickly rose among the Ottoman ranks until he became a 
renowned general, with thousands of Turks under his command. Despite all the 
honors showered on him, once the opportunity appeared, he showed where his true 
allegiance lie: he broke free of the Ottomans and fled to his native and 
continuously harried Albania. There, after openly reclaiming his Christian 
faith, he “abjured the prophet and the sultan, and proclaimed himself the 
avenger of his family and country,” to quote Edward Gibbon.
Thereafter, from 1443 to 1468—a quarter of a century—Skanderbeg committed his 
life to the successful defense of his tiny homeland against the world’s most 
powerful empire. In so doing, he renounced a life of wealth, prestige, and 
untold pleasures among the Ottomans and willingly embraced a life of nonstop war 
among and on behalf of his own people—not infrequently living in mountains and 
caves as a fugitive, though always living in freedom.
His “ingratitude” naturally provoked the Turks to no end and prompted wave after 
wave of jihadist invasions, each larger and crueler than its predecessor. Yet, 
in a total of twenty-four battles and sieges, he beat them all back, always 
while being vastly outnumbered by his Muslim foes. Little wonder he is known as 
the Albanian Braveheart.
The Battle of Albulena, which occurred on today’s date, arguably represents the 
pinnacle of his career. In late May 1457, eighty thousand Turks under the 
command of Skanderbeg’s own nephew, Hamza—whose jealousy had caused him to 
betray his uncle—marched through and devastated the Mat River valley in north 
central Albania. Because Hamza was well acquainted with his uncle’s guerilla 
tactics, Skanderbeg had to improvise. Instead of hiding his vastly outnumbered 
army—barely one-tenth the size of the Muslim army—in the mountains and awaiting 
the opportune moment to strike, as he had done so many times before, he divided 
them into many smaller units and dispersed them in the valleys and woods. For 
three months, all the Turks saw were tiny roving bands of Albanians, none of 
which dared leave the mountains and engage them. As a result, nearly three 
months later, by late August, the Ottomans concluded that Skanderbeg had become 
a moot point—that he was “done up with,” that his men had “deserted” him, and 
that he himself had quit to “the mountain fastness in order to save his skin,” 
to quote from the sources.
But just when the Turks were most convinced that the Albanians had lost both 
their leader and their nerve, on September 2, 1457, Skanderbeg, having reunited 
his eight thousand men, launched a lightning swift strike. Under Mount 
Tumenishta, to loud cries and the braying instruments of war, he and his cavalry 
and guerilla fighters suddenly burst into the Muslim camp in a frenzy of war. 
The trapped Turks were terrified—despite assurances from Hamza that the Albanian 
army was much smaller than it seemed. Panic spread, and the Muslim army was 
routed on the plains of Albulena. In what became one of the Ottomans’ worst 
defeats, as many as thirty thousand Turks were either butchered or captured in 
the bloody onslaught.
Not only Albania but all of Europe benefited from Skanderbeg’s stalwart defense 
and perseverance, which continued until the moment of his death some years 
later. Had the Ottomans managed to transform Albania into a launching pad into 
Italy in 1450 instead of when they did, in 1480, Muhammad II, the 
Conqueror—modern day Turkey’s hero—would have had thirty years, not just one, to 
pursue his long cherished goal of conquering Rome and, from there, inundating 
Western Europe with his Eastern hordes.
That Skanderbeg was a quintessential Defender of the West was even acknowledged 
by the United States Congress, in a 2005 resolution titled, “Honoring the 600th 
anniversary of the birth of Gjergj Kastrioti (Scanderbeg), statesman, diplomat, 
and military genius, for his role in saving Western Europe from Ottoman 
occupation.”
In the centuries following his death, more than one thousand books in over 
twenty different languages, and any number of operas and plays, were written 
about him. In a letter dated 1756, Major General James Wolfe of Britain wrote 
that Skanderbeg “excels all the officers, ancient and modern, in the conduct of 
a small defensive army.” In 1905, historian William J. Armstrong went so far as 
to write that “the exploits even of the renowned paladins of the crusades, 
whether Godfrey or Tancred or Richard or Raymond, pale to insignificance by 
similar comparison. Only the legendary feats of King Arthur and his 
knights…suggest a parallel of wondrous achievement.”
For the full story of Skanderbeg—as well as several other Christian heroes who 
stood against Islamic jihad—see Defenders of the West, from which the above 
account was excerpted.
The Israeli call for action against Iran is coming from 
inside the house
Lahav Harkov/Jerusalem Post/September 03/2022
DIPLOMATIC AFFAIRS: Jerusalem has been playing nice with Washington over Iran 
talks for a year now, starting with when Naftali Bennett was prime minister and 
Lapid was foreign minister.
Jerusalem has been playing nice with Washington over Iran talks for a year now, 
starting with when Naftali Bennett was prime minister and Lapid was foreign 
minister.
The idea was not to launch a public campaign against the Biden administration’s 
effort to return to a nuclear deal with Iran, even though there is consensus in 
the government and among the leaders of Israel’s defense establishment that the 
deal is bad. Rather, they would try to work with the White House behind the 
scenes to try to mitigate the damage or even convince the administration to 
change tack, without damaging the US-Israel relationship.
That idea has faced criticism throughout the past year, but with Washington and 
Tehran seemingly very close to sealing a deal and a congressional vote on 
lifting Iran sanctions likely on the way – even if the chance of getting a 
veto-proof two-thirds majority is extremely slim – the calls to do more to push 
back against the Biden administration have only grown.
In a surprising turn of events, the call for more aggressive action against an 
Iran deal is coming from inside the house, or at least the Prime Minister’s 
Office.
Lapid briefed foreign journalists last Thursday that Israel successfully 
convinced the US to insist on certain points in the Iran deal, contributing to 
Washington’s “no” response to much of Tehran’s latest demands.
But hours later, several Israeli outlets, including The Jerusalem Post, reported 
on Mossad chief David Barnea’s remarks in meetings with Lapid and other figures 
in the government, and the Mossad chief sounded far more circumspect about the 
latest developments.
Contrary to Lapid, Barnea said: “Maybe [the US] toughened certain stances, but 
how does that help us?”
The deal will still be bad, even if the US insists on certain details, and 
Barnea expressed hope it will not be reached at all.
Barnea said the US was accepting a deal “that will be based on lies,” which will 
“increase the danger” for Israel.
“The US can get up and leave [the Middle East] one day; we cannot leave,” Barnea 
said, in what can be seen as a hint at one of the Biden administration’s 
greatest blunders in Afghanistan.
A source close to Lapid pushed back against the narrative that Barnea 
contradicted him or was more extreme than the prime minister knew he would be. 
The two spoke on the phone after that narrative reverberated in several 
newspapers and other outlets, the source said, and they laughed about it and 
tried to figure out how they got that idea.
Maybe Lapid was totally fine with what Barnea said. Maybe they even planned it 
that way, for Barnea to go farther than Lapid would. But the prime minister doth 
protest too much, methinks, in acting as though Barnea’s remarks are no 
different from his. Lapid has not criticized the US directly, only the deal 
itself, and the closest he’s gotten was to say that the latest draft of the Iran 
deal contradicts what the US president promised to Israel.
Netanyahu chimes in 
FOUR DAYS later, on Monday, the criticism came from a much less surprising 
source, opposition leader Benjamin Netanyahu.
The former prime minister considers his battle against the original Iran deal, 
in 2015, as a crowning achievement of his foreign policy – even if it didn’t 
actually stop the deal from being signed. Netanyahu’s speech before both houses 
of Congress, and Israel’s broader political and public relations campaign 
against an Iran deal, helped turn US public opinion against the deal and bring 
Gulf states that view Iran as an adversary closer to Israel, as he tells it.
And sustaining that criticism in the ensuing years, along with the daring Mossad 
operation to smuggle Iran’s nuclear archive to Israel, brought former US 
president Donald Trump to leave the deal in 2018, Netanyahu says. Though Iran’s 
nuclear advances came in the aftermath of that decision, they mostly came after 
Trump lost the election and Joe Biden, who promised to try to return to the deal 
and abandon Trump’s “maximum sanctions” policy, won.
The opposition leader already laid out this argument last week, with a classic 
Netanyahu PowerPoint presentation aired live on his Facebook page.
On Monday, Netanyahu went to the Prime Minister’s Office for a briefing from 
Lapid and his military secretary, Maj.-Gen. Avi Gil, about the latest 
developments in Iran nuclear talks.
“On matters of national security, there is no opposition and coalition in 
Israel,” Lapid said in a statement released as their meeting began, along with a 
photo of him and Netanyahu staring intently at each other across a desk. “Israel 
is strong and will act together to protect its security interests from those who 
try to harm us.”
That was at 5 p.m. About an hour later, Netanyahu held court outside the Prime 
Minister’s Office, in front of a press gaggle that his spokesman had invited.
“Unfortunately, I left more concerned than when I entered,” Netanyahu said. “We 
will support every public, assertive stance against the nuclear deal, but I 
don’t see such a public approach. It’s the opposite; I think that Lapid and 
[Defense Minister Benny] Gantz fell asleep on the job.”
Netanyahu paraphrased some of Barnea’s remarks, referring specifically to the 
Mossad chief when saying that “the deal is even worse than its predecessor and 
is a strategic disaster for the State of Israel.”
Lapid and his emissaries “should meet dozens of senators, hundreds of members of 
Congress right now in the US to pressure the Biden administration not to do 
this,” Netanyahu lamented. “Every hour spent not doing that is an hour wasted.”
Then Netanyahu ended with “a clear message to the ayatollahs in Iran,” which 
serves double duty as a message to Israeli voters.
“On November 1, we will establish a strong, assertive leadership here that, with 
or without an agreement, will ensure that you will never have a nuclear weapon. 
That is our commitment,” he said.
The following hour, Lapid waved Netanyahu off.
“I will not get into this melee, because it harms Israel’s security. There is a 
great importance to a united Israeli stance against the Iranians’ attempt to 
attain nuclear weapons. I call on the opposition leader and everyone not to let 
political considerations harm our national security,” he said.
Netanyahu did not continue the back-and-forth at that point, but he would have 
likely argued that his consideration is national security, not politics.
The unusual results of the latest polling on Israelis’ priority issues in the 
upcoming election would support that. Contrary to most past elections, in which 
security was a top concern for voters, an Israel Democracy Institute survey from 
early August found that only 11% of Israelis said foreign policy and security 
strongly influence their party preference. The economy and cost of living (44%), 
identity of the party leader (24%) and religion and state matters (14%) came 
before that.
In addition, Lapid actually criticized Netanyahu in a similar fashion in 2015. 
Contrary to what Netanyahu has been saying, Lapid did not support the Iran deal 
back then. However, Lapid was vocally critical of Netanyahu’s speech before 
Congress that was not coordinated with then-president Barack Obama, as the prime 
minister continues to be, arguing that it caused lasting damage to the US-Israel 
relationship.
Putting things in perspective 
IT’S EASY for Lapid to dismiss Netanyahu’s remarks as political when it’s two 
months before an election. What is less easy is to get people to disregard how 
much farther Barnea went in his remarks.
Two weeks after National Security Adviser Eyal Hulata went to Washington to meet 
with American counterpart Jake Sullivan and, according to Lapid, convince him to 
take up a firmer stance with Iran, the Mossad chief will be on Capitol Hill to 
address the House and Senate Intelligence committees.
Diplomatic sources in Washington said this week that the White House is aware of 
Barnea’s trip, and therefore it is not comparable to Netanyahu speaking before 
Congress.
But if, when talking to journalists, Barnea couldn’t hold back his ire over the 
Biden administration’s likely acceptance of a “fraudulent” agreement that will 
“increase the danger” to Israel, chances are that he will have some choice words 
in Washington, as well. 
Phase three of the war in Ukraine has begun
Joanathan Spyer/Jerusalem Post/September 03/2022
The Ukrainian armed forces this week launched an offensive in the Kherson 
region, located in the southeast of Ukraine. Ukrainian media is reporting that 
Kyiv’s forces have broken through the first line of Russian defenses outside of 
the city of Kherson. The Russian state-owned RIA news agency is also reporting 
the Ukrainian push, which it claims has already “failed miserably.” 
Amid the fog of war, and the claims and counterclaims, it is too soon for any 
clear assessment. But the events in Kherson appear to constitute the beginning 
of a major Ukrainian effort to retake territory in the south, earlier than had 
been predicted by much analysis. This operation in turn marks the opening of a 
new phase in this grueling war, which has already passed through two distinctive 
stages. 
The war in Ukraine is the largest scale and most consequential conflict to take 
place on European soil since 1945. Six months since the dramatic opening of 
hostilities by the Russians in the early hours of February 24, and with a new 
chapter perhaps in its opening stages, it is an opportune moment to take stock 
of the war’s progress, and to assess where events may be heading.
In the first, mobile phase of the war, Moscow sought to make rapid territorial 
gains along four identifiable fronts. In the northern front/Kyiv area, Moscow 
launched an attack from Belarus toward the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, after its 
initial attempt to swiftly seize the city using airborne assault forces failed.
Attack on Kharkiv
In the northeast, the Russians began an attack in the direction of the city of 
Kharkiv. In the south, attacks were launched from Crimea, with the intention of 
rolling up Ukraine’s Black Sea coastline in the direction of Mariupol, Mykolaiv, 
and ultimately Odesa and the border with Moldova. Kherson, the only regional 
capital to fall to the Russians, was taken on March 2 as part of this offensive. 
In the southeast, attacks were launched from Luhansk and Donetsk, with the goal 
of completing the conquest of the Donbas, which had commenced in 2014.
In this dramatic opening phase, many observers feared that independent Ukraine 
would rapidly be overrun. Some analyses recalled the Soviet invasion of 
Czechoslovakia in 1968, when Moscow’s forces took over its neighbor in 48 hours, 
having first seized control of Prague’s international airport. Others pointed to 
the crushing intervention by Moscow in 1956 against the armed anti-Communist 
revolt in Hungary, an invasion that secured control of that country within a 
month. 
Many journalists, this author included, made for beleaguered Kyiv at that 
moment. I had witnessed the city in revolution in 2013, in the events at the 
Maidan, which began the process that eventually led to the Russian invasion. 
Like many others, I assumed that the Russian attempt at encirclement of the 
Ukrainian capital must surely succeed. I wanted to witness the city in what I 
assumed would be the last days of its existence as Ukraine’s sovereign capital.
Kyiv in March
THE ATMOSPHERE in Kyiv in the first days of March was one of grim determination. 
The streets were empty. Air raid sirens sounded at regular intervals. There was 
still food in the shops, but shortages were beginning. Across the city, in 
schools and office blocks and hospitals, soldiers and volunteers were 
frenetically preparing for the defense of the city. 
But as it turned out, of course, the Russians never entered Kyiv. Extended and 
chaotic supply lines, poor leadership, shortages of manpower, and determined 
Ukrainian resistance all ensured that the push for the city would falter. The 
assault on Kyiv was abandoned by mid-March.
A Ukrainian counterattack from March 16 pushed the Russian forces back from the 
city, recapturing the entire area north and east of Kyiv, including Hostomel, 
site of the Antonov Airport – where Russian airborne forces in the early hours 
of February 24 had sought to repeat their forefathers’ success in Prague in 
1968, in seizing an airport to ferry in the invasion forces – and had failed.
The first, mobile phase of the war was over by early April. The Russians had 
enjoyed some success on the southern front. The port city of Mariupol was taken 
on April 3, following a bitter and bloody siege. Russian shelling of Odesa and 
Mykolaiv continued. But the anticipated push up Ukraine’s coastline failed to 
materialize. 
On the northeastern front, the Russians made little progress, trying and failing 
to capture the city of Kharkiv. 
In the east, Russian forces tried to advance from their existing pre-2022 areas 
of control in Luhansk and Donetsk. A Russian attempt to push westward from 
Severiodonetsk at this time was repulsed, however.
The result was that by early April, when the main mobile phase of the war ended, 
a Ukrainian salient extending roughly 40 km. into the main body of Russian-held 
territory had been created in this area. This salient was also roughly 40km. 
wide. 
This salient formed the central focus of the fighting in the period April to 
July. With its efforts at a rapid conquest of Ukraine thwarted, Russia now 
sought to grind forward slowly, using a relentless artillery barrage to reduce 
areas to rubble, before occupying them. Yet this Donbas-centered second phase of 
the war, in which the other frontlines were static, also garnered Moscow only 
the most modest achievements.
Relentless shelling
I ENTERED the eastern salient in June, reporting from the towns of Lysychansk, 
Slovyansk, Bakhmut and Kramatorsk. In Lysychansk, the shelling was relentless, 
the remaining civilians reduced to life on the most primitive level by the 
destruction of infrastructure. People in Lysychansk, in the eye of the Russian 
storm, prepared food on improvised wood burners and buried their dead in graves 
hurriedly dug in the waste ground between rounds of shelling. The town fell to 
the Russians on July 2. The Russians inherited rubble. 
But the conquests of Severiodonetsk and Lysychansk were the sole meager fruits 
of the grinding, artillery-led Russian effort in the Donbas over summer. And as 
Ukraine began to integrate western military systems, such as the M142 Himars, 
the balance of destruction was rendered more even, and a long, static, 
artillery-led semi-frozen conflict seemed to be in the offing. 
This second, holding phase of the war now appears to be over. Many thought that 
the Ukrainians would not manage to carry out a counteroffensive before the onset 
of winter. Kyiv is evidently mindful of the possibility that Russia may engineer 
a gas crisis in Europe over the winter months, creating chaos and seeking to 
undermine Western support for Ukraine. This, in turn, may lead to pressure on 
Ukraine to agree to a ceasefire in place, leaving Russia with around 20% of 
Ukraine in its hands. The counteroffensive toward Kherson currently underway is 
evidently an attempt to preempt any such moves, and to change the dynamic of the 
war.
Ukraine has in the last six months prevented an attempt to destroy it as an 
independent state, and has successfully held in place a Russian effort at a slow 
and grinding advance through attrition. An attempt is now underway to break the 
resulting deadlock. It remains to be seen if Kyiv’s forces can sustain the 
momentum and move toward real territorial gains in the period ahead. The third 
phase of the Ukraine war has begun. 
Should Biden Call MAGA Supporters Semi-Fascist?
Alan M. Dershowitz/Gatestone Institute/September 02/2022 
President Joe Biden would have been correct had he accused some MAGA supporters 
of a totalitarian mindset that could lead to tyranny. But he was dead wrong in 
limiting this mind-set to the hard right. It is at least equally applicable to 
many on the hard left. These so-called "progressives" are as opposed to freedom 
of speech and due process for thee, as are the extremists on the hard right. And 
it is the special obligation of liberals – like Biden and me – to focus at least 
as much attention on the dangers emanating from the hard left as those from the 
hard right.
Indeed, in some ways the totalitarian mindsets of many on the hard left are more 
dangerous than those of the hard right. The reason is that the hard left today 
is extremely influential on college and university campuses. Many hard left 
faculty members propagandize their students as to what to think instead of 
teaching them how to think for themselves.
These current students include our future leaders. In ten years, some will be in 
Congress, on editorial boards of major newspapers, in investment banks, and in 
other areas of enormous influence. In 20 years, one of them may be U.S. 
president or another world leader, which is what the extremist leaders are 
counting on to achieve their goals.
We must be prepared for a future that is less tolerant of dissenting views and 
due process and more demanding that their "noble" ends justify ignoble means — a 
future with less free speech, presumption of innocence, due process and respect 
for constitutional norms. To prevent that "brave new world," we must take action 
now to protect our heritage of civil liberties from those who regard them as 
patriarchal, white supremacist or "unwoke."
So the next time Biden decides to condemn what he calls semi-fascists of the 
hard right, he should spend at least as much time calling out the intolerant 
mindset of many of his own voters.
The next time President Joe Biden decides to condemn what he calls semi-fascists 
of the hard right, he should spend at least as much time calling out the 
intolerant mindset of many of his own voters. Pictured: Biden delivers a speech 
at Independence National Historical Park, on September 1, 2022 in Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)
President Joe Biden recently said the following about Trump MAGA supporters, 
according to Politico:
"'What we're seeing now is either the beginning or the death knell of extreme 
MAGA philosophy,' Biden told Democratic donors in the Washington suburb of 
Rockville. Calling out those he labeled as 'extreme' Republicans, Biden said: 
'It's not just Trump, it's the entire philosophy that underpins the — I'm going 
to say something, it's like semi-fascism.'"
I generally disapprove of analogies between American politics and European 
Fascism: the latter connotes Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Thankfully we are a 
long way from such tyrannies. Our constitutional system of checks and balances 
is designed to prevent any one branch of government from assuming dictatorial 
powers. It has worked for a quarter of a millennium and there is every reason to 
believe that it will continue to prevent the rise of dictators.
A better term would be "totalitarian mindset." It is certainly true that there 
are some extremists on both the "right" and the "left" who reflect an intolerant 
approach under which opposing views are seen to be unnecessary. Those who 
believe that they have the ultimate Truth on their side see no reason for 
allowing dissent from that truth, or for requiring due process before a person 
who they know to be guilty is convicted. Certainty is the essence of tyranny and 
skepticism is the enemy of tyranny.
So, Biden would have been correct had he accused some MAGA supporters of a 
totalitarian mindset that could lead to tyranny. But he was dead wrong in 
limiting this mind-set to the hard right. It is at least equally applicable to 
many on the hard left. These so-called "progressives" are as opposed to freedom 
of speech and due process for thee, as are the extremists on the hard right. And 
it is the special obligation of liberals – like Biden and me – to focus at least 
as much attention on the dangers emanating from the hard left as those from the 
hard right.
Indeed, in some ways the totalitarian mindsets of many on the hard left are more 
dangerous than those of the hard right. The reason is that the hard left today 
is extremely influential on college and university campuses. Many hard left 
faculty members propagandize their students as to what to think instead of 
teaching them how to think for themselves.
These current students include our future leaders. In ten years, some will be in 
Congress, on editorial boards of major newspapers, in investment banks, and in 
other areas of enormous influence. In 20 years, one of them may be U.S. 
president or another world leader, which is what the extremist leaders are 
counting on to achieve their goals. Many college students grow up after they 
leave school and change the one-sided views they were exposed to on campus. But 
others remain influenced by the hard left totalitarian mindset in which they 
were indoctrinated.
We must be prepared for a future that is less tolerant of dissenting views and 
due process and more demanding that their "noble" ends justify ignoble means — a 
future with less free speech, presumption of innocence, due process and respect 
for constitutional norms. To prevent that "brave new world," we must take action 
now to protect our heritage of civil liberties from those who regard them as 
patriarchal, white supremacist or "unwoke." We are losing the battle, especially 
on university campuses. We must change the trajectory. As Martin Luther King Jr. 
observed: "Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends 
toward justice." I respectfully disagree. We must take control of the arc if we 
are to preserve justice and the rule of law.
So the next time Biden decides to condemn what he calls semi-fascists of the 
hard right, he should spend at least as much time calling out the intolerant 
mindset of many of his own voters. His condemnation of extremism on the right is 
unlikely to have much impact on those who voted against him. But calling out 
hard left radicals who voted for him might change some minds.
*Alan M. Dershowitz is the Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law, Emeritus at 
Harvard Law School, and the author most recently of The Price of Principles: Why 
Integrity Is Worth Its Consequences. He is the Jack Roth Charitable Foundation 
Fellow at Gatestone Institute, and is also the host of "The Dershow," podcast.
© 2022 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do 
not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No 
part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied 
or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.
ماجد رفي زاده/معهد جيتستون: الصفقة النووية لإدارة بايدن مع 
إيران هي أكبر هدية لدولة الملالي الراعية الأولي للإرهاب في العالم ''
The Biden Administration's Nuclear Deal Is the 
Biggest Gift to the World's 'Top State Sponsor of Terrorism'
Majid Rafizadeh/ Gatestone Institute./September 03/2022 
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/111641/111641/
The main beneficiaries of the increased revenues will most likely be the office 
of Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 
(IRGC), and more importantly the IRGC's elite branch the Quds Force, which 
carries out extraterritorial operations to advance the revolutionary principles 
of the Islamic Republic abroad.
A considerable part of the economy and Iran's financial systems are owned and 
controlled by the IRGC and the Office of the Supreme Leader.... This economic 
haven means that state and non-state actors, such as the Houthis, Hezbollah, the 
Shiite militias in Iraq and Bashar Assad's Syria, will be the next major 
beneficiaries of Biden's sanctions relief and new nuclear deal.
The Biden administration will more likely contribute to more tensions between 
Iran and other countries in the region, and lead to further regional insecurity, 
destabilization, humanitarian tragedies, and most likely a major war.
Biden's new nuclear deal is the biggest gift that one could give to the world's 
"top state sponsor of terrorism": unlimited nuclear weapons, no inspections past 
present or future, the missiles to deliver them, enriched uranium to be held by 
Russia and returned to Iran or wherever they both decide, "$100 billion per year 
to spread terror around the globe" -- in short, assured expansion of the 
"Revolution" not only throughout the Middle East but further, straight into 
America's soft underbelly, Venezuela.
The main beneficiaries of increased revenues from a renewed nuclear deal will 
most likely be the office of Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the 
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and more importantly the IRGC's elite 
branch the Quds Force, which carries out extraterritorial operations to advance 
the revolutionary principles of the Islamic Republic abroad. Pictured: IRGC 
members on parade, marking the anniversary of the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war, 
on September 22, 2018, in Tehran. (Photo by Stringer/AFP via Getty Images)
The Biden administration's new nuclear deal with the ruling clerics will lift 
economic sanctions against the Iranian regime the moment the deal enters into 
effect.
At that moment, the Iranian regime will receive approximately $90 billion. The 
Biden administration will also instantly be lifting sanctions on the Iranian 
regime's energy sector, which will also significantly boost the regime's oil and 
gas revenues.
The ruling mullahs will be able to ramp up their oil exports to pre-sanctions 
levels, roughly quadrupling their oil sales, thereby bringing billions of 
dollars in additional revenues to the theocratic establishment. For example, 
after the implementation the 2015 nuclear agreement (known as the Joint 
Comprehensive Plan of Action - JCPOA) under the Obama administration, crippling 
sanctions were lifted and Iran rejoined the global financial system. Iran's oil 
and gas industries had a fresh start, the regime increased its oil exports from 
1 million barrels per day (bpd) to approximately 4 million bpd.
Oil and gas revenues, as is no secret, are crucial for the ruling mullahs: Iran 
reportedly has the second-largest natural gas reserves and the fourth-largest 
proven crude oil reserves after Saudi Arabia, Canada and Venezuela. The sale of 
oil accounts for nearly 60% of the regime's total revenues and more than 80% of 
its export revenues. Several Iranian leaders have spoken about the country's 
major dependence on oil exports. Former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, for 
instance, acknowledged in 2019 that "Although we have some other incomes, the 
only revenue that can keep the country going is the oil money."
The Biden administration's removal of sanctions will, in addition, help the 
ruling mullahs increase their revenues by attracting foreign investments in 
their energy sector and other industries. After the 2015 nuclear agreement under 
the Obama administration, for example, Tehran succeeded in signing major 
agreements with some of the world's largest aviation, oil and gas corporations. 
The energy producer Total signed an agreement with the National Iranian Oil 
Company (NIOC) "for the development of phase 11 of South Pars, the world's 
largest gasfield". Another agreement was sealed with Royal Dutch Shell, which 
signed a provisional agreement with NIOC "to further explore areas of potential 
cooperation". The Iranian regime also signed a deal with Boeing -- the first 
business deal Tehran concluded with an American aviation corporation since the 
1970s. Iran also began negotiating to purchase planes from the European company 
Airbus.
Not only will the Biden administration help the Islamist mullahs to become 
vastly wealthier, but it will also help the Iranian regime to gain global 
legitimacy as it rejoins the international financial system. The main 
beneficiaries of the increased revenues will most likely be the office of 
Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), 
and more importantly the IRGC's elite branch the Quds Force, which carries out 
extraterritorial operations to advance the revolutionary principles of the 
Islamic Republic abroad.
A considerable part of the economy and Iran's financial systems are owned and 
controlled by the IRGC and the Office of the Supreme Leader. The IRGC alone 
controls between a third and half of Iran's gross domestic product. The IRGC 
owns several major economic powerhouses and religious endowments, such as Astan 
Quds Razavi in the northeastern city of Mashhad.
This economic haven means that state and non-state actors, such as the Yemeni 
Houthis, Lebanese Hezbollah, the Shiite militias in Iraq and Bashar Assad's 
Syria, will be the next major beneficiaries of Biden's sanctions relief and new 
nuclear deal.
The Biden administration's nuclear deal will also help the IRGC and Quds Force 
to more powerfully interfere in other countries, support terror and militia 
groups that target Americans and their allies, and attempt to kill Americans on 
US soil. The Biden administration will more likely contribute to increasing 
tensions between Iran and other countries in the region, and lead to further 
regional insecurity, destabilization, humanitarian tragedies, and most likely a 
major war.
Biden's new nuclear deal is the biggest gift that one could give to the world's 
"top state sponsor of terrorism": unlimited nuclear weapons, no inspections past 
present or future, the missiles to deliver them, enriched uranium to be held by 
Russia and returned to Iran or wherever they both decide, "$100 billion per year 
to spread terror around the globe" -- in short, assured expansion of the 
"Revolution" not only throughout the Middle East but further, straight into 
America's soft underbelly, Venezuela.
*Dr. Majid Rafizadeh is a business strategist and advisor, Harvard-educated 
scholar, political scientist, board member of Harvard International Review, and 
president of the International American Council on the Middle East. He has 
authored several books on Islam and US Foreign Policy. He can be reached at 
Dr.Rafizadeh@Post.Harvard.Edu
© 2022 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do 
not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No 
part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied 
or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.