مجلس الشيوخ الأميركي يفرض عقوبات على حزب الله الإرهابي 24 تشرين الثاني/15
أقر مجلس الشيوخ الأميركي بغالبية ساحقة مشروع القرار رقم 2297 ضد «حزب الله» وشدد الخناق على التنظيم والمؤسسات المالية والأفراد الذين يدعمونه، كما ربط أنشطة الحزب المزعومة بتهريب المخدرات بالعقوبات الأميركية الجديدة عليه.
الكونغرس وبعد أربعة أشهر على الاتفاق النووي الايراني، رمى بعرض الحائط أي فرص لإعادة النظر بالموقف من «حزب الله»، إذ وافق مجلس الشيوخ بغالبية من الحزبين الجمهوري والديمقراطي على قرار العقوبات الذي يطال تحديداً المؤسسات المالية التي تمول «حزب الله».
وأفادت تقارير إعلامية أن القرار الذي يرعاه المرشح الجمهوري الأبرز السيناتور ماركو روبيو وجرى تحويله الى البيت الأبيض بعد التصويت عليه الجمعة الماضي، يدعو الى ما يلي:
1- إجبار الخارجية الأميركية على التعريف بوسائل الاعلام الداعمة للحزب التي تموله في تقرير سنوي، «مثل المنار وتوابعها»، وتحديد الأطراف بالاسم الموضوعين وغير الموضوعين على قائمة العقوبات.
2- الطلب من وزارة الخزانة بفرض شروط قاسية على فتح أي حساب لأي جهة خارجية تقوم بـ»تسهيل التعاملات لحزب الله»، أو «غسل أمواله»، أو «تتآمر لإرسال تحويلات لأشخاص أو مؤسسات على صلة بالحزب».
3- طلب تقارير بشأن إدراج الحزب كمنظمة تهريب مخدرات أجنبية ومنظمة إجرامية عابرة للحدود.
4- دعوة الرئيس الأميركي الى ارسال تقرير للكونغرس بشأن إذا ما كان «حزب الله» يفي بمعايير الادراج كتنظيم مهرب للمخدرات، واذا رفض الرئيس ذلك فعليه تبرير الأمر بالوقائع والأدلة.
5- الطلب من الخارجية رفع تقارير للكونغرس بشأن تمويل الحزب، وجمعه التبرعات وعمليات غسل الأموال.
6- إجبار الرئيس على رفع تقارير للكونغرس بشأن الدول التي تدعم «حزب الله» وحيث للحزب شبكات لوجيستية وشبكة تبرعات وتمويل وغسل أموال، ورفع تقارير عما اذا كانت هذه الدول تأخذ الاجراءات الكافية لضرب شبكة «حزب الله» التمويلية.
US Imposes Harsh Financial Sanctions On Hezbollah
H.R.2297 – An act to prevent Hizballah and associated entities from gaining access to international financial and other institutions, and for other purposes.
Summary: H.R.2297 — 114th Congress (2015-2016)
(This measure has not been amended since it was introduced. The summary has been expanded because action occurred on the measure.)
Hezbollah International Financing Prevention Act of 2015
(Sec. 2) States that it shall be U.S. policy to: (1) prevent Hezbollah’s global logistics and financial network from operating in order to curtail funding of its domestic and international activities; and (2) utilize diplomatic, legislative, and executive avenues to combat Hezbollah’s criminal activities in order to block that organization’s ability to fund its global terrorist activities.
TITLE I–PREVENTION OF ACCESS BY HEZBOLLAH TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS
(Sec. 101) Directs the Department of State to report to Congress annually identifying: (1) satellite, broadcast, Internet, or other providers that knowingly provide material support to al-Manar TV and its affiliates; and (2) the identity of those providers that have or have not been sanctioned pursuant to Executive Order 13224.
(Sec. 102) Requires the Department of the Treasury to prohibit or impose strict conditions on the opening or maintaining in the United States of a correspondent account or a payable-through account by a foreign financial institution that knowingly:
facilitates a transaction or transactions for Hezbollah, or for a person acting on behalf of, or owned or controlled by Hezbollah;
engages in money laundering to carry out such an activity;
facilitates a significant transaction or provides significant financial services to carry out such an activity; or
facilitates any of these activities, conspires to facilitate or participate in such an activity, or is owned or controlled by a foreign financial institution that knowingly engages in such an activity.
Applies specified penalties under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act for violations of this Act.
Authorizes Treasury to waive the application of a prohibition for up to 180 days (with renewable 180-day waivers) if in U.S. national security interests, and with congressional notification.
Requires Treasury to identify to Congress every 180 days each foreign central bank that carries out a prohibited activity.
Exempts from sanctions a foreign financial institution that is no longer engaging in a prohibited activity or is taking significant steps toward terminating such activity.
TITLE II–REPORTS ON DESIGNATION OF HEZBOLLAH AS A SIGNIFICANT FOREIGN NARCOTICS TRAFFICKER AND A SIGNIFICANT TRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL ORGANIZATION
(Sec. 201) Directs the President to report to Congress on whether Hezbollah meets the criteria for designation as a significant foreign narcotics trafficker, and if the President determines that Hezbollah does not meet such criteria, a detailed justification as to which criteria have not been met.
(Sec. 202) Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) Hezbollah meets the criteria for designation as a significant transnational criminal organization under Executive Order No. 13581, and (2) the President should designate Hezbollah as a significant transnational criminal organization.
Directs the President to report to Congress on whether Hezbollah meets or does not meet the criteria for such designation.
(Sec. 203) Requires the State Department to report to Congress regarding actions taken through the Department’s rewards program to obtain information on Hezbollah’s fund raising, financing, and money laundering activities.
(Sec. 204) Directs the President to report to Congress regarding:
countries that support Hezbollah, in which Hezbollah maintains important portions of its global logistics networks, or in which Hezbollah conducts significant fund raising, financing, or money laundering activities;
an assessment of whether a country is taking adequate measures to disrupt Hezbollah’s networks and activities within that country; and
methods that Hezbollah, or any of its agents or affiliates, utilizes to raise or transfer funds, including trade-based money laundering, the use of foreign exchange houses, and free-trade zones.
Requires the State Department, Treasury, and other applicable federal departments and agencies to brief Congress every 180 days on the disposition of Hezbollah’s assets and activities related to fund raising, financing, and money laundering assets and activities.
TITLE III–MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
(Sec. 301) Declares that nothing in this Act shall apply to authorized U.S. intelligence activities.
(Sec. 302) Directs the President to promulgate implementing regulations.
(Sec. 303) States that this Act shall cease to be in effect 30 days after the President certifies to Congress that Hezbollah:
is no longer designated as a foreign terrorist organization;
is no longer listed in the Annex to Executive Order 13224 (blocking property and prohibiting transactions with persons who commit or support terrorism); and
poses no significant threat to U.S. national security, interests, or allies.
