English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For April 06/2023
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
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15 آذار/2023

Bible Quotations For today
Jesus Shares His Desciples The Passover Meal: For the Son of Man is going as it has been determined, but woe to that one by whom he is betrayed
Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Luke 22/01-23./:”The festival of Unleavened Bread, which is called the Passover, was near. The chief priests and the scribes were looking for a way to put Jesus to death, for they were afraid of the people. Then Satan entered into Judas called Iscariot, who was one of the twelve; he went away and conferred with the chief priests and officers of the temple police about how he might betray him to them. They were greatly pleased and agreed to give him money. So he consented and began to look for an opportunity to betray him to them when no crowd was present. Then came the day of Unleavened Bread, on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. So Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, ‘Go and prepare the Passover meal for us that we may eat it.’They asked him, ‘Where do you want us to make preparations for it?’ ‘Listen,’ he said to them, ‘when you have entered the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you; follow him into the house he enters and say to the owner of the house, “The teacher asks you, ‘Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ ” He will show you a large room upstairs, already furnished. Make preparations for us there.’So they went and found everything as he had told them; and they prepared the Passover meal. When the hour came, he took his place at the table, and the apostles with him. He said to them, ‘I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; for I tell you, I will not eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.’ Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks he said, ‘Take this and divide it among yourselves; for I tell you that from now on I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.’ Then he took a loaf of bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, ‘This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.’ And he did the same with the cup after supper, saying, ‘This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood. But see, the one who betrays me is with me, and his hand is on the table. For the Son of Man is going as it has been determined, but woe to that one by whom he is betrayed!’Then they began to ask one another which one of them it could be who would do this.

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on April 05-06/2023
Thursday of the Holy Mysteries: Sacraments, Humility and Temptation/Elias Bejjani/April 06/2023
Maronite patriarch, Christian deputies attend spiritual retreat on Lebanon’s presidential elections
Day of 'prayer and contemplation'at Beit Anya
US and France diverge in approach to Hezbollah and Lebanese politics
The twenty million dollar Dive: The story of Lebanon's unfinished Olympic swimming pool
Lebanon’s Ministry of Health and Private Hospitals Syndicate reach agreement on Kidney Dialysis treatment coverage
UN expert expresses 'grave concern' regarding interference in Beirut blast probe
Lebanon: UN expert concerned by interference in Beirut blast probe
Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression: Authorities must respect freedoms of press, legal profession, and fundamentally amend defamation laws
Hotel reservations in Lebanon to reach 80 percent for Eid Al-Fitr: Achkar
Rahme brothers' OFAC designation highlights endemic electricity corruption: Under Secretary Nelson
Shiite Duo 'clings to Franjieh' as Paris advises him to 'talk to FPM or LF'
Franjieh close to securing 65 votes, minister says
French judge may issue arrest warrant for Salameh
Report: Iran wants Lebanon on agenda of talks with KSA
Report: Khulaifi asks Christians to unite behind army chief nomination
Al-Rahi sends list of 15 presidential candidates to Shiite Duo, Jumblat

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on April 05-06/2023

Israeli strikes on Syria intensify, raise tensions with Iran
Violence at Jerusalem mosque prompts fears of wider fighting
Canadian PM urges Israel to change its approach after raid, clashes
Iran names envoy to UAE after nearly eight-year absence
Israel: Iran was behind drone incursion from Syria
Iran probes possible drone attack on defence ministry complex in Isfahan
Russia demands that Ukraine free Orthodox 'martyr' cleric from house arrest
US, Britain walk out at UN on Russian wanted for war crimes
NATO just got hundreds of tanks, 62 fighter jets, and a whole lot of artillery after Finland joined the military alliance
Ukraine will take 'corresponding' decisions if troops risk encirclement in Bakhmut - Zelenskiy
Saudi crown prince’s shock power grab is catastrophic for Biden
US B-52 bomber joins exercise with South Korean military
US flies nuclear-capable bombers amid tensions with N. Korea
New Chemical Attacks in Iran Hospitalize Schoolgirls
PA Security Services Officer Attacks Israeli Forces
Chemicals Attack On Iranian Students
Jordan’s King Incites Anti-Israel Sentiment
French envoy: Canada should link with Europe, surpass 'weak' military engagement
US reaches $144.5 mln settlement with Texas church shooting victims
Trump, facing criminal charges, calls for defunding the FBI
Turkey Shuts Airspace to Planes Using Iraqi Airport Over Kurdish Militant ‘Infiltration’

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on April 05-06/2023
China brokering a deal between the Saudis and Iran is a message for the US: Change your strategy or get left behind/Hassan El-Tayyab/Business Insider/April 05/2023
France: A 'Field of Ruins'/Guy Millière/Gatestone Institute/April 5, 2023
Prosecuting Political Foes Is Incompatible With Democracy/Jonathan S. Tobin/Gatestone Institute/April 5, 2023
British travel chaos a result of ill-conceived Brexit/Mohamed Chebaro/Arab News/April 05/2023
Canada’s immigration policy benefits all, nationally and globally/Tala Jarjour/Arab News/April 05, 2023

Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on April 05-06/2023
Thursday of the Holy Mysteries: Sacraments, Humility and Temptation
Elias Bejjani/April 06/2023
https://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/38445/38445/
On the Thursday that comes before the “Good Friday, when Jesus was crucified, Catholics all over the world, including our Maronite Eastern Church celebrates with prayers and intercessions the “Thursday of the Holy Mysteries”, which is also known as the “Washing Thursday “, the “Covenant Thursday”, and the “Great & Holy Thursday”. It is the holy day feast that falls on the Thursday before Easter that commemorates the Last Supper of Jesus Christ with His 12 Apostles as described in the gospel. It is the fifth day of the last Lenten Holy Week, that is followed by the, “Good Friday”, “Saturday Of The Light and “Easter Sunday”.
Christianity in its essence and core is Love, Sacrifice, honesty, transparency, devotion, hard work and Humility. Jesus during the last supper with His 12 Apostles reiterated and stressed all these Godly values and principles. In this holy and message proclaiming context He executed the following acts : He, ordained His Apostles as priests, and asked them to proclaim God’s message. “You have stayed with me all through my trials; 29 and just as my Father has given me the right to rule, so I will give you the same right. 30 You will eat and drink at my table in my Kingdom, and you will sit on thrones to rule over the twelve tribes of Israel. (Luke 22/28 and 29)
He, taught His Apostles and every body else, that evil temptation and betrayal can hit all those who detach and dissociate themselves from God, do not fear Him, lack faith, lose hope and worship earthly treasures. He showed them by example that even a disciple that He personally had picked and choose (Judas, the Iscariot) has fell a prey to Satan’s temptation. “But, look! The one who betrays me is here at the table with me! The Son of Man will die as God has decided, but how terrible for that man who betrays him!” Luke 22/21)
He, washed His Apostles’ feet to teach them by example modesty, devotion and humility. “So when he had washed their feet and put his garments back on and reclined at table again, he said to them, “Do you realize what I have done for you? You call me ‘teacher’ and ‘master,’ and rightly so, for indeed I am. If I, therefore, the master and teacher, have washed your feet, you ought to wash one another’s feet. I have given you a model to follow, so that as I have done for you, you should also do. Amen, amen, I say to you, no slave is greater than his master nor any messenger greater than the one who sent him” (John 13/12-16).
Modesty was stressed and explained by Jesus after His Apostles were arguing among themselves who is the greatest: “An argument broke out among the disciples as to which one of them should be thought of as the greatest. Jesus said to them, “The kings of the pagans have power over their people, and the rulers claim the title ‘Friends of the People.’ But this is not the way it is with you; rather, the greatest one among you must be like the youngest, and the leader must be like the servant. Who is greater, the one who sits down to eat or the one who serves? The one who sits down, of course. But I am among you as one who serves.” (Luke 22/24 till 27)
Thursday of the “Holy Mysteries”, is called so because in His Last Supper with the 12 disciples, Jesus Christ established the Eucharist and Priesthood Sacraments when “He received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, “Take this, and share it among yourselves, for I tell you, I will not drink at all again from the fruit of the vine, until the Kingdom of God comes.” “He took bread, broke it and gave it to the disciples saying: This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me. And when He Likewise, took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you”.
Thursday of the Holy Mysteries (Secrets-Sacraments) is the heart of the last Lenten holy week, in which the Maronite Catholic Church lives with reverence and devotion the Lord’s Last Supper spirit and contemplation through prayers and deeply rooted religious rituals and traditions:
The Patriarch prays over and blesses the chrism (Al-Myroun), as well as the oil of baptism and anointing that are to are distributed on all parishes and churches.
During the mass that is held on this Holy Day, the priest washes the feet of twelve worshipers, mainly children (symbolizing the apostles numbers). Jesus washed His disciples feet and commanded them to love each other and follow his example in serving each other.
Worshipers visit and pray in seven Churches. This ritual denotes to the completion of the Church’s Seven sacraments (Secrets) : Priesthood, Eucharist, Holy Oil, Baptism, Confirmations, anointing and Service.
This tradition also denotes to the seven locations that Virgin Mary’s went to look for Her Son, Jesus, after she learned about His arrest. The detention place, The Council of the Priests, twice the Pilate’s headquarters, twice the Herod Headquarters, till She got to the Calvary.
Some Christian scholars believe that this tradition was originated in Rome where early pilgrims visited the seven pilgrim churches as an act of penance. They are Saint John Lateran, Saint Peter, Saint Mary Major, Saint Paul-outside-the-Walls, Saint Lawrence Outside the Walls, Holy Cross-in-Jerusalem, and traditionally Saint Sebastian Outside the Walls. Pope John Paul II replaced St. Sebastian with the Sanctuary of the Madonna of Divine Love for the jubilee year of 2000.
The Mass of the Lord’s Supper is accompanied by the ringing of bells, which are then silent until the Easter Vigil. Worshipers used to kneel and pray the rosary in front of the Eucharist (Blessed Sacrament) all Thursday night. The Blessed Sacrament remains exposed all night, while worshipers are encouraged to stay in the church as much as they can praying, meditating upon the Mystery of Salvation, and participating in the “agony of Gethsemane” (Garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives) in Jerusalem where Jesus spent his night in prayer before His crucifixion on Good Friday.
After the homily washing of feet the service concludes with a procession taking the Blessed Eucharist (Sacrament) to the place of reposition. The altar is later stripped bare, as are all other altars in the church except the Altar of Repose.
Thursday of the “Holy Mysteries”, is called so because in His Last Supper with the 12 disciples, Jesus Christ established the Eucharist and Priesthood Sacraments when “He received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, “Take this, and share it among yourselves, for I tell you, I will not drink at all again from the fruit of the vine, until the Kingdom of God comes.” “He took bread, broke it and gave it to the disciples saying: This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me. And when He Likewise, took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you”.
Jesus ordained His disciples as priests of the New Testament when he said to them during the Last Supper: “But you are those who have continued with me in my trials. I confer on you a kingdom, even as my Father conferred on me, that you may eat and drink at my table in my Kingdom. You will sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.”
Before Celebrating the Resurrection Day (Easter) worshipers live the “Paschal Mystery” through the Thursday Of the Sacraments, Good Friday and Saturday Of The Light.
Because He loves us and wants us to dwell in His Eternal Heaven, Jesus Christ for our sake willingly suffered all kinds of torture, pain, humiliation and died on the Cross to pave our way for repentance and salvation.
Let us pray on this Holy Day that we always remember Jesus’ love and sacrifices and live our life in this context of genuine, faith, love, meekness and forgiveness.

Maronite patriarch, Christian deputies attend spiritual retreat on Lebanon’s presidential elections
Najia Houssa/Arab News/April 05, 2023
BEIRUT: A spiritual retreat on Wednesday was attended by Lebanon’s Maronite Patriarch Bechara Al-Rahi and Christian deputies in a bid to resolve a six-month stalemate over the election of a new president for the crisis-hit country. The gathering in Harissa came as separate meetings between Qatar’s Minister of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Mohammed bin Abdulaziz bin Saleh Al-Khulaifi and Lebanese officials and political leaders failed to address the ongoing political vacuum.
A total of 53 deputies from the Free Patriotic Movement, Lebanese Forces, Kataeb Party, and Marada Movement took part in the retreat.
Eleven deputies were absent, including FPM-backed deputy parliament speaker, Elias Bou Saab, and reformist deputies who favor political dialogue to break the deadlock.
MPs Melhem Khalaf and Najat Aoun Saliba were also absent, as they entered the 77th day of their parliament protest over the issue, while MP Paula Yacoubian said she would “not participate in any activity that is based on sectarian division.”
In a statement delivered to the deputies, Al-Rahi said: “The policy adopted by the ruling power erroneously is incapable of taking care of others. It grinds the poor, takes advantage of the land, faces challenges, and doesn’t know how to hold a dialogue.
“What progress did you allow the people to make? What positive forces did you liberate? What did you do to elect a president?”
Hezbollah and the Amal Movement have chosen to back Suleiman Frangieh for the presidency in a move rejected by Christian MPs. The head of the Progressive Socialist Party, Walid Jumblatt, wants to elect a centrist president.
Frangieh is a prominent Christian figure, backed by Hezbollah and its allies that consider the Lebanese Forces and opposition nominated MP Michel Mouawad to be a “defiant candidate.” For 11 parliamentary sessions, Hezbollah’s deputies cast blank votes and withdrew from the second rounds of voting, leading to a loss of quorum.
Neither candidates will be able to become president, as both political camps are incapable of securing the 65 votes needed to win in a parliament comprising 128 deputies.
Meanwhile, Al-Khulaifi reiterated Qatar’s commitment to helping Lebanon elect a president and urged officials to implement the reforms required by the international community to kickstart an economic recovery process.
Separately, the US Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control has imposed sanctions on Lebanese brothers Raymond and Teddy Rahme and their three companies, including ZR Energy.
In a statement, the department said: “The Rahme brothers used their wealth, power, and influence to engage in corrupt practices that contribute to the breakdown of the rule of law in Lebanon.”
The siblings have close ties with many Christian political figures, including FPM head Gebran Bassil, leader of the Lebanese Forces Samir Geagea, and Frangieh.
During a press conference in 2020, Frangieh said he was not “ashamed” about his close ties with Raymond Rahme which dated back to the 1980s.
Following news of the American sanctions, social media platforms were flooded with comments and photos relating to the brothers. In 2020, the US Treasury imposed sanctions on Bassil.

Day of 'prayer and contemplation'at Beit Anya
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023
A “day of prayer and contemplation” that Maronite Patriarch Beshara al-Rahi had called for, started Wednesday at Beit Anya in Harissa. Fifty-three Christian MPs attended the spiritual meeting, that aims at unifying and connecting the Christian blocs amid a severe presidential crisis.
The Free Patriotic Movement MPs, including their leader Jebran Bassil, and the Lebanese Forces MPs headed by MP Sethrida Geagea attended the meeting today. "The FPM welcomes any initiative that harmonizes different viewpoints and we will attend today's meeting, as it is meant to break down barriers and to find common ground between different parties, especially between Christians," FPM MP Alain Aoun said. In his sermon, al-Rahi asked the attendees and every "upright politician" what they have done to facilitate the election of a president and to revive the sate institutions. Lebanon has been without a president since Michel Aoun's term expired at the end of October and Christian MPs have failed to agree on a president's name. Lawmakers have held 11 rounds of voting to name a successor to Aoun, but no candidate has garnered enough ballots.

US and France diverge in approach to Hezbollah and Lebanese politics
LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
Since 2019, the US has been escalating sanctions against political and party figures affiliated with Hezbollah, including key figures like the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc leader, Mohammad Raad, and the Head of the Coordination and Liaison Unit, Wafiq Safa. Meanwhile, the divergence between Washington and Paris on how to approach the Lebanese crisis has become increasingly apparent. The explosion at the Port of Beirut prompted French President Emmanuel Macron to visit the city the following day, positioning himself as a mediator in the roundtable discussions that brought together opposing political factions at the Pine Palace. While there is no head to a roundtable, Macron chose to address one, Hezbollah. Despite successive US blows to the bridge the French president has been building with the party, figures and entities affiliated with Hezbollah remain on the US sanctions list for political and financial corruption.
On August 31, 2020, Macron returned to Lebanon on the occasion of the centenary of the establishment of Greater Lebanon by French mandate, seeing the party as the key to the solution. Nine days after his visit, the US imposed sanctions on the political aide to Speaker Nabih Berri, MP Ali Hassan Khalil, and former minister and ally of the Marada Movement leader Sleiman Frangieh, Youssef Fenianos, for "their cooperation with Hezbollah and involvement in corrupt activities." French efforts to market former MP Sleiman Frangieh, a candidate supported by both Hezbollah and the Future Movement, have not stopped regionally or internationally, within the Group of Five, bilaterally with Saudi Arabia, or unilaterally.  However, this effort has also been stifled by sanctions imposed on those within Frangieh's orbit. The US imposed sanctions on the Rahme brothers, Teddy and Raymond, the former being close to the Lebanese Forces, and the latter to the Marada Movement, "for using their wealth, power, and influence in corrupt practices that contribute to the collapse of the rule of law at the expense of the people." This response demonstrates the US player using sanctions to challenge French attempts to lead the mediation of the Lebanese crisis. Decision-making in Lebanon, however, cannot bypass international and regional intersections, and it will never be unilateral.

The twenty million dollar Dive: The story of Lebanon's unfinished Olympic swimming pool

LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
When the first diver in the world inaugurates the Winter Olympic Swimming Pool in Naccache, it will be an event as significant as the moment when the first human landed on the moon. After twenty-two years since the Cabinet's decision on October 16, 2002, to start work on the Winter Olympic Swimming Pool, it is not yet complete. It is a long dive into the sea of wasted public money. The diving into the pool of Lebanese squandering of money shows that the Olympic Swimming Pool works started in November 2004, when Aztec Company signed a voluntary agreement with the Ministry of Youth and Sports during the era of Sebouh Hovnanian for approximately $8.5 million. The commitment period for execution was set at fifteen months. The deadline was extended for four months, and the Winter Olympic Swimming Pool was not completed on June 17, 2006, as planned.
Furthermore, contracts were made through reconciliation instead of a bidding process, as mandated by the Cabinet's decision. The settlement contracts included Pascal Jihaymi's office to secure pool studies for about $110,000 and Carl Technical Office for Studies and Construction for about $200,000. All of this money was wasted because many technical errors were found in the study. The mentioned contractor needed to be provided with electro-mechanical maps, which contradicts the most basic construction principles, as some reports say. The contractor requested modifications, considering that the specifications needed to meet the purpose of constructing an Olympic swimming pool. The consultant refused the modifications because they did not comply with the conditions book of the contract. Thus, without further "diving" into details, nearly nine million dollars were wasted in the first phase, and the Winter Olympic Swimming Pool was not completed. With the money wasted in the Ministry of Youth and Sports stage, the Minister of Youth and Sports in 2006, Ahmed Fatfat, wanted to transfer the project's completion from the Ministry to the Council for Development and Reconstruction. This was decided by the Cabinet in June 2006. Here, we began a new stage of paying money to complete the pool.  The consultancy contract was terminated amicably with the payment of dues. The new consultancy firm, Rafik Khouri, was appointed by the Council for Development and Reconstruction to conduct studies worth $458,000. Hicon Company was tasked with building the pool in two phases:

Lebanon’s Ministry of Health and Private Hospitals Syndicate reach agreement on Kidney Dialysis treatment coverage

LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
Caretaker Minister of Public Health in Lebanon, Firass Abiad, held a meeting with the head of the private hospital owners' syndicate Suleiman Haroun, to discuss the issue of kidney dialysis. During the meeting, Minister Abiad stressed the importance of solidarity with patients and reducing their suffering and emphasized the importance of the concerted efforts and cooperation of all concerned parties to achieve this priority goal without negatively affecting treatment centers, and doctors. The discussion resulted in an agreement to develop a mechanism to cover kidney dialysis sessions, and the following measures were agreed upon: - Adopting a fluctuating tariff for kidney dialysis sessions to keep up with exchange rate changes. - An agreement between hospitals and the Ministries of Public Health and Finance on a mechanism to accelerate the submission of invoices and the settlement of financial dues to treatment centers, as well as doctors' fees, within a maximum period of one month. - Confirming that hospitals or treating doctors will charge no additional fees to patients. To ensure proper implementation of the agreed measures, the Ministry of Public Health's media office reminds patients facing violations or asked to pay additional fees to contact the Ministry's hotline at 1214, where complaints will be the subject of an investigation to take the necessary actions.

UN expert expresses 'grave concern' regarding interference in Beirut blast probe

LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, Margaret Satterthwaite, has expressed grave concern about interference in the investigation into the August 4, 2020 explosion, including threats against the investigating judge.
The UN expert also condemned the delays that prevented justice for those affected by the Beirut blast. "I am deeply disturbed by reports that former State officials and others who have been implicated in the case have disingenuously resorted to recusal proceedings and other challenging actions directed at the investigating judges appointed to examine the case," Satterthwaite said, adding that this led to the replacement of an investigating judge in February 2021, and suspensions of the investigation in recent months. The UN expert indicated to reports that since the explosion was referred to the Judicial Council for investigation, authorities rejected judicial requests to remove parliamentary immunity and allow questioning of security officials. "The blast destroyed Beirut's port, caused extensive damage to the city, and released dangerous chemicals that can harm human health and the environment," she said, noting that no one had been tried to date. The UN expert added that several motions had been filed to remove Judge Tarek Bitar from the case and that there is a campaign to discredit him, stating that the judge reportedly received death threats and now has military protection. "Judge Bitar must have the security he needs to carry out his work," Satterthwaite said, urging Lebanese authorities to make sure that the threats are investigated and that the judge, his family, and his colleagues are protected. "Judges should never be threatened or subjected to criminal or disciplinary action simply for doing their job," noting that for more than two years, the explosion's victims and their families, have been seeking justice and called on the authorities to take steps to protect the independence, and integrity, of the investigation, as well as ensure that those responsible can be held accountable.
UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers also stated that "those affected by the blast have a fundamental right to the protection of the law and to effective remedies […] That can only happen if the independence of the judiciary is upheld." Margaret Satterthwaite has also contacted the Lebanese Government regarding these allegations.

Lebanon: UN expert concerned by interference in Beirut blast probe
NNA/Wed, April 5, 2023  
A UN expert today expressed grave concern about interference in an investigation into the 2020 port explosion in Beirut, Lebanon, including threats against the investigating judge. UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers Margaret Satterthwaite condemned the undue delays that have prevented justice for those affected by the blast. “I am deeply disturbed by reports that former State officials and others who have been implicated in the case have disingenuously resorted to recusal proceedings and other challenging actions directed at the investigating judges appointed to examine the case,” Satterthwaite said. “This has led to the replacement of an investigating judge in February 2021, as well as several suspensions of the investigation in recent months”. The UN expert pointed to reports that since the explosion was referred to the Lebanese Judicial Council for investigation, authorities have rejected judicial requests to lift parliamentary immunity and allow questioning of security officials. The government has also failed to execute arrest warrants against former ministers. Judge Tarek Bitar who was appointed to lead the investigation in February 2021 has faced increasing obstacles and threats to carry out his work, the Special Rapporteur said. Satterthwaite noted that to date, no one had been tried for the August 2020 explosion, which left 218 people dead, 7000 injured and 300,000 displaced.
“The blast destroyed Beirut's port, caused extensive damage to the city, and released dangerous chemicals that can harm human health and the environment,” she said. “On 23 January 2023, Judge Bitar announced that, after a pause, he would resume investigations into the port explosion. Two days later, he was charged with several offences, including 'usurpation of power' and a travel ban was imposed,” the expert said. “A number of motions have been filed with the intention of removing Judge Bitar from the case, and there is an ongoing campaign on television and social media to discredit him,” she said. Satterthwaite said the judge had reportedly received credible death threats and currently has military protection. “Judge Bitar must have the security he needs to carry out his work,” Satterthwaite said. “I urge Lebanese authorities to ensure that these threats are investigated, and that the judge, his colleagues and his family are adequately protected”. “Judges should never be threatened or subjected to criminal or disciplinary action simply for doing their job,” the UN expert said.
“The victims of the explosion and their families have been seeking justice for more than two years,” Satterthwaite said. She urged Lebanese authorities to take immediate steps to protect the independence and integrity of the investigation and ensure that those responsible for the explosion can be held accountable.
“Those affected by the blast have a fundamental right to the protection of the law and to effective remedies,” the UN expert said. “That can only happen if the independence of the judiciary is upheld.”
The Special Rapporteur has been in contact with the Government of Lebanon regarding these allegations.—UNIC

Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression: Authorities must respect freedoms of press, legal profession, and fundamentally amend defamation laws
NNA/Wed, April 5, 2023  
The Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression in Lebanon condemned in a statement issued today the increasing number of summons for investigation issued by different authorities over the last two weeks, which aim to restrict freedom of expression.
On 3 March 2023, the Council of the Beirut Bar Association issued a decision amending Articles 39 to 42 of Chapter Six of the Lawyers’ Code of Ethics which regulate lawyers’ relationship with media outlets. The amendments stipulate that lawyers need to obtain prior permission from the head of the Bar Association to participate in any legal seminars, conferences, interviews or discussions with media outlets, social media platforms, websites or groups. Based on this decision, the Bar Association summoned lawyer Nizar Saghieh, executive director of the Legal Agenda, to a hearing without specifying the reasons.
In addition, the Head of the Beirut Bar Association, Nader Gaspard, said in a seminar dubbed “Media Law: A Future Vision,” held at the Beirut Bar Association on 31 March, that the space for expression created by the abundance of websites and social media outlets has created “chaos and confusion” about “which court has jurisdiction to look into cases of defamation, libel, slander, insults and fake news, the Court of Publications or the Criminal Court.” He also called for the introduction of new legislation regarding social media that identifies what constitutes a social media platform, the different types of platforms, how they operate, and the conditions and penalties related to their use, among other provisions. He announced the formation of a Media Committee in the Bar Association tasked with examining draft laws that are appropriate for today’s developments and technologies. This new and troubling trend pursued by the Bar Association to restrict the freedoms of registered lawyers coincides with another trend that the groups of the coalition have been documenting for years, and which the authorities recently escalated, to restrict the freedom of the press.
During the past week, powerful political and judicial figures in Lebanon resorted- once again- to the use of criminal defamation laws to silence criticism. Public prosecutors also summoned journalists for interrogation at security agencies, in violation of the Publications Law.
On 30 March 2023, Jean Kassir, co-founder of Megaphone, an independent media outlet, was intercepted by two State Security officers who informed him that he was summoned to appear at the Central Investigation Directorate of the General Directorate of State Security without disclosing the reason behind the summons. Summoning Kassir in this way does not comply with the procedures set out by law, and is instead an intimidation tactic. According to Megaphone, the reason behind the summons was a post entitled “Lebanon ruled by fugitives from justice,” which mentioned that Cassation Public Prosecutor n Ghassan Oueidat, as well as other officials, had been charged by the judicial investigator Tarek Bitar in the Beirut port explosion case.
Megaphone later learned that Kassir was summoned following an order issued by Oueidat, even though the Public Prosecution cannot initiate defamation cases without a personal claim from the harmed party. On 3 April 2023, Kassir was summoned again to appear before State Security at the request of Oueidat. On 4 April 2023, Kassir was informed that investigation procedures against him were dropped.
On 31 March 2023, less than 48 hours after Kassir was summoned, the Cybercrimes Bureau summoned journalist Lara Bitar, editor-in-chief of the Public Source website, to appear for interrogation based on a complaint from the “Lebanese Forces” political party regarding an article she published eight months ago on toxic waste.
These alarming developments, particularly in the context of Lebanon’s crisis and the stalled accountability mechanisms, warrant concern about the restricting environment for freedom of expression and defense of the public interest.
“We are alarmed and worried about the direction that the Bar Association has recently taken and about the summons targeting journalists, as such actions increase the restrictions on freedom of expression and freedom of the press in the midst of an escalation in the use of criminal defamation provisions, violating international standards,” the Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression said.
International standards for the protection of the right to free expression, which are binding on Lebanon, underscore the need to abolish laws that allow for imprisonment in cases of peaceful expression, especially defamation and replace those with civil remedies.
Accordingly, the Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression calls on the Lebanese authorities and other actors such as the Bar Association to respect the protections guaranteed in the constitution and international covenants, including Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
The coalition calls on the Council of the Beirut Bar Association to reverse its decision issued on 3 March 2023 on the grounds that it limits lawyers’ freedom of expression and subjects it to prior censorship, as this harms the community’s right to be informed of legal and judicial affairs. It also calls on the Council to stop penalising lawyers on the grounds that they are violating this decision. The coalition also calls on the Public Prosecution Office and the security agencies in Lebanon to stop summoning journalists for investigations in security agencies for exercising their right to free speech and exposing corruption.
The coalition also calls on the Parliament to amend Lebanese laws so that they are in line with Lebanon's obligations under international law, to ensure meaningful consultations with civil society on new draft laws, and to ensure that any proposed law meets international standards, including:
• Making legislative discussions in the parliamentary committees public, including discussions on the draft media law.
• Decriminalizing defamation and insults such that they become civil offenses that do not carry any prison sentences.
• Prohibiting government institutions, including the army and security agencies, from bringing defamation suits.
• Providing that truth will be a complete defense to defamation, regardless of whom the defamation is directed at. In matters of public interest, the defendant should only be required to have acted with due diligence to ascertain the truth.
• Criminalizing only statements that amount to advocacy of national, racial, or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence. The law should clearly define what is meant by each of these terms, using the Rabat Plan of Action as a Guide.
• Removing all requirements for licensing of journalists and advance authorization of publications.
“We call on Lebanon today to safeguard the right to freedom of expression and protect the ability of journalists to work freely, as their job entails monitoring and holding to account public authorities. It is shameful criminal defamation laws to be weaponized against them whenever they fulfill their role and criticize the public servants and those in power,” the Coalition said.
“The Bar Association should also guarantee lawyers’ freedom of expression, entrench their role in defending people, and use a human rights lens when discussing important issues such as corruption and the independence of the judiciary.”
“Reforms will not be achieved in Lebanon so long as no laws are enacted to protect journalists and others who act as a watchdog, monitoring the conduct of public officials, recording their violations, and exposing their unlawful practices. This monitoring role should be a right for those seeking to expose violations and uphold justice, not a repressive tool in the hands of influential people.”

Hotel reservations in Lebanon to reach 80 percent for Eid Al-Fitr: Achkar

LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
Pierre Achkar, President of the Lebanese Hotel Association, the Federation for Tourism Industries in Lebanon, and the National Council of Tourism in Lebanon, revealed that Lebanon would witness a good tourism movement during the holidays, announcing that hotels in Lebanon registered shy reservations on the eve of holidays for the Christian denominations, expecting that reservations for Eid Al-Fitr would rise to a rate ranging between 70 and 80 percent. In a statement, Achkar attributed the increase in hotel reservations to the approach of Eid Al-Fitr, to the fact that the Gulf countries, which host large numbers of Lebanese, give a long holiday on Eid Al-Fitr that may extend to 15 days, which will encourage the Lebanese working there to spend the Eid period throughout Lebanon. He pointed out that during Easter, the Lebanese regions outside Beirut will witness good activity, provided that all Lebanese areas and Beirut will enjoy a tourist movement during Eid Al-Fitr, expecting that Beirut will host a share of Jordanian, Iraqi, and Egyptian tourists who will come to spend the Eid holiday in Lebanon.

Rahme brothers' OFAC designation highlights endemic electricity corruption: Under Secretary Nelson
LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023 
The US Treasury has designated two Lebanese businessmen, Teddy Rahme and Raymond Rahme, to the OFAC sanctions list, highlighting the endemic corruption within Lebanon's electricity sector. The announcement was made by Brian Nelson, the US Department of the Treasury's Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, during a press briefing on Wednesday evening. The Rahme brothers were accused of using their companies to secure energy contracts through an opaque process and profiting at the expense of the Lebanese people. The US action supports those in Lebanon who have been calling for transparency and reform amidst corruption and mismanagement that pushed the country into crisis. Since October 2019, the Lebanese elites have ignored the public's calls for transparency and reform, while shielding their own assets from depreciating by transferring their own money out of the country to other jurisdictions, said Nelson. The US Treasury imposed sanctions on the Rahme brothers, who were linked to ZR Energy DMCC, a company contracted by the Lebanese government to import 150,000 tons of fuel to help avoid a fuel crisis. Instead of importing quality fuel, the company imported tainted fuel, which destroyed power stations and took a toll on the Lebanese people. The initial charges brought against the Rahme brothers and their companies pointed to a system put in place to falsify test results in exchange for bribes ranging from $200 to $2,500. The charges also revealed the gifts of all kinds, including vouchers, watches, ties, handbags, gold, and trips abroad, among others, according to local press. Despite these charges, Lebanese prosecutors never followed through with them. The US Treasury's designation of the Rahme brothers is aimed at imposing personal financial costs on those who engage in corrupt practices at the expense of the Lebanese people, Nelson clarified. Corruption is particularly endemic to the electricity sector in Lebanon, and despite officials' vows to improve the provision of electricity, blackouts continue to hinder the provision of essential services.
Nelson added that in most countries, electricity production increases state revenues. Still, despite spending tens of billions of dollars over the past decades, the Ministry of Energy and Electricity Du Liban have left ordinary Lebanese vulnerable to the so-called generators mafia.
"The rest of the dysfunctional electricity sector has drained state funds and padded the foreign bank accounts of Lebanese businessmen," said Nelson.
The US Treasury hopes that the Rahme brothers will face financial consequences as they personally enriched themselves while their companies were importing tainted fuel and falsifying quality tests. The sanctions prohibit US persons from interacting with the Rahme brothers and their properties, which would result in financial consequences. Obviously, in terms of other legal consequences, that would be up to the Lebanese judicial system to determine whether the brothers should face legal consequences for their actions and the attendant consequences under Lebanese law.
The US Treasury's recent designation of the Rahme brothers is not the first time that the US government has taken action against corrupt actors in Lebanon. If corrupt activities continue, it will not be the last. The US government will continue to sanction those who profit from corruption, money laundering, and threats to the Lebanese people, Nelson added. Nelson emphasized during the press briefing that the action was not related to the presidential election and that the US government prioritizes accountability and the rule of law in Lebanon irrespective of political affiliation or religion. "The US government calls on Lebanese politicians to end the political gridlock, elect a president, form and empower a government, and undertake the reforms needed to pave the way for Lebanon's economic recovery. The US government encourages the Lebanese people to demand transparency and accountability from those choosing between continuing corrupt practices or creating change. The US government will continue to hold accountable those who engage in corrupt practices at the expense of the Lebanese people," Nelson concluded.

Shiite Duo 'clings to Franjieh' as Paris advises him to 'talk to FPM or LF'
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023 
The Shiite Duo is still clinging to the presidential nomination of Marada Movement chief Suleiman Franjieh and sees him as the candidate who is “most capable” of managing this period, sources close to Hezbollah said. “It will not back down from supporting him,” the sources added, in remarks to ad-Diyar newspaper. Unnamed sources meanwhile told the daily that Paris has advised Franjieh, during his visit to the French capital, to “seek rapprochement with one of the two Christian rivals -- the Free Patriotic Movement or the Lebanese Forces -- in order to win the needed votes to reach the Baabda Palace.”

Franjieh close to securing 65 votes, minister says
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023  
Marada leader Suleiman Franjieh is so close to securing the 65 votes needed for his election as president, minister Ziad Makari said. Makari added that what Franjieh cares about is to be elected with a national consensus. "The problem is securing quorum," he said, as he revealed that Franjieh is working on his presidential platform that he will announce at the right time. Franjieh, 57, is a former lawmaker and minister close to Hezbollah and a personal friend of Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad. His grandfather and namesake was president when Lebanon's 1975-1990 civil war broke out.
He has not officially announced his candidacy, and his name had been touted for the presidency many times before but he never secured enough support to win. Hezbollah and Amal have officially nominated Franjieh, although Hezbollah's ally the Free Patriotic Movement would not endorse him.

French judge may issue arrest warrant for Salameh
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023
French judge Aude Buresi has postponed a session to announce the verdict in a case against Central Bank Governor Riad Salameh to May 23. “The French judge was supposed to issue a verdict upholding the freezing order on Salameh’s properties and confiscated assets or acquitting him, in a lawsuit filed by the Gathering of the Victims of Fraudulent and Criminal Practices in Lebanon and French NGO Sherpa,” al-Akhbar newspaper said. The lawsuit accuses Salameh of money laundering, embezzlement and illegal commissions. According to al-Akhbar, the session’s postponement to May 23 was prompted by the Lebanese state’s intervention in the case as an aggrieved party and a request by the lawyers of the Lebanese state for looking into the file. Buresi meanwhile set a May 16 session for Salameh’s interrogation, asking that he appear before her in Paris, al-Akhbar said. And as sources close to Salameh said that he will not go to France because he knows that he will be indicted, French sources said that Buresi will indeed indict him if he shows up or will issue an arrest warrant for him if he doesn’t. “Salameh’s indictment, if it happens, will change the rules of the game in Lebanon, seeing as Salameh will no longer be able to enjoy a political, judicial and security cover, out of (Lebanese officials’) fear of foreign sanctions. Cabinet will also have to meet to sack him if he does not tender his resignation before that,” al-Akhbar added.

Report: Iran wants Lebanon on agenda of talks with KSA
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023   
Iran prefers to speed up its discussions with Saudi Arabia, especially regarding the Lebanese file, media reports said. “Iranian dipolomacy has asked that the Lebanese file be placed on the agenda of the upcoming meeting between the Saudi and Iranian foreign ministers,” the Nidaa al-Watan newspaper quoted informed sources as saying. Iranian and Saudi media outlets meanwhile reported that the Saudi and Iranian foreign ministers will meet on Thursday in Beijing.

Report: Khulaifi asks Christians to unite behind army chief nomination
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023
A Qatari envoy visiting Lebanon said on the sidelines of one his meetings on Tuesday that his country “still believes that Army Commander General Joseph Aoun is the most suitable candidate for the presidency” and that “Christians should unite behind him to prevent others from choosing the president,” a highly informed source said. The envoy, State Minister at the Foreign Ministry Mohammed bin Abdel Aziz al-Khulaifi, also said that “the French management of the Lebanese file needs rectification” and that “the upcoming meeting of the five-nation group is aimed at achieving that,” the source added, in remarks to al-Akhbar newspaper published Wednesday. “The Qatari minister was surprised that some of those whom he met in Beirut took the initiative to inform him of their rejection of the bargain idea while stressing their rejection of Aoun’s nomination, with some saying that is not right anymore for every army chief to automatically be a presidential candidate,” al-Akhbar added. Some politicians told the Qatari envoy that “General Aoun does not have capabilities that enable him to lead the country and that he has committed several mistakes in running the military institution,” the daily said.
“He does not show flexibility in dealing with others and he lacks political experience,” al-Akhar quoted the politicians as saying.

Al-Rahi sends list of 15 presidential candidates to Shiite Duo, Jumblat
Naharnet/Wed, April 5, 2023 
Maronite Patriarch Beshara al-Rahi has sent a list with the names of 15 presidential candidates to Hezbollah, Speaker Nabih Berri and Progressive Socialist Party chief Walid Jumblat, a media report said on Wednesday. The list included the 11 names already contained in the list put together by Archbishop Antoine Bou Najem following his meetings with the Christian blocs -- Joseph Aoun, Suleiman Franjieh, Michel Mouawad, Ibrahim Kanaan, Jihad Azour, Ziad Baroud, Roger Dib, Salah Honein, George Khoury, Faris Elias al-Khazen and Neemat Frem. According to al-Akhbar newspaper, the names of Ziad Hayek and Philippe Ziade and two other candidates have been added to the list. Ziade “has been proposed as a settlement candidate in a side, indirect dialogue between the Lebanese Forces and the Free Patriotic Movement,” the daily said. “Al-Rahi called on the ‘partners in the country’ to either add new names to the list or send a small list containing three names, prompting Berri and Hezbollah to answer that they support Franjieh’s nomination and do not intend to engage in discussing open-ended name lists,” al-Akhbar added. The patriarch had discussed the presidential file with French Ambassador Anne Grillo on Tuesday. According to the newspaper, Grillo told al-Rahi that her country is continuing its efforts to reach a presidential settlement and that Franjieh’s nomination is still on the table

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on April 05-06/2023
Israeli strikes on Syria intensify, raise tensions with Iran

BEIRUT (AP)/BASSEM MROUE and JOSEF FEDERMAN/Wed, April 5, 2023
Suspected Israeli airstrikes in Syria in recent weeks have killed two Iranian military advisers, temporarily put the country’s two largest airports out of service, and raised fears of regional escalation. While Israel has fought a shadow war with Iran in Syria for years, it has intensified recently, with near-daily airstrikes attributed to Israel by Syrian officials over the past week. The escalation of attacks comes after what appears to be a rare infiltration by an armed man from Lebanon into Israel and Iran’s reconciliation with regional rival Saudi Arabia last month. It also comes against the backdrop of a major domestic crisis in Israel over Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government plan to overhaul the judiciary. Israel, which has vowed to stop Iranian entrenchment in neighboring Syria, has carried out hundreds of strikes on targets in government-controlled parts of that country in recent years — but rarely acknowledges them. Since the beginning of 2023, Syrian officials have attributed 10 strikes on Syrian territory to Israel, including four airstrikes within five days as of Tuesday. The United States, Israel’s closest ally, has had its own recent run-ins with Iranian forces in Syria. In late March, U.S. forces retaliated with airstrikes on sites in Syria used by groups affiliated with Iran’s Revolutionary Guard following a suspected Iran-linked drone attack that killed a U.S. contractor and wounded six other Americans in northeast Syria. An official with an Iranian-backed group in Iraq said the U.S. strikes killed seven Iranians.
The flareup between the U.S. and Iran did not escalate, but some fear the back-and-forth between Israel and Iran could. Since the early years of Syria’s 12-year-old conflict, Iran has deployed hundreds of military advisers as well as thousands of Iran-backed fighters from countries including Iraq and Lebanon who helped tip the balance of power in President Bashar Assad’s favor. Iran-backed fighters are deployed in different parts of Syria. Israel has long considered Iran to be its top enemy, citing Iranian calls for Israel's destruction, its support for anti-Israel militant groups like Hezbollah and its nuclear program. Israel and Western countries say Iran is trying to develop a nuclear weapons — a charge Iran denies.
Iran has blamed Israel for attacks on its territory, including the killings of some of its nuclear scientists and damage to nuclear installations.
The airstrikes in Syria reflect Israel's concerns about fighters being deployed close to its northern border and fears that Iran is trying to transfer sophisticated weapons, such as guided missiles, to Hezbollah. Both Israel and Hezbollah have avoided an all-out war since their 34-day war in 2006 ended with a draw. Israel considers Hezbollah, which is believed to possess over 130,000 rockets and missiles, to be a major threat. Lebanese military expert and former army general Hisham Jaber said Iran has about 1,800 military advisers in Syria, most of them deployed with Syrian troops. The increase in strikes on Syria began with a Jan. 2 attack that temporarily put Damascus airport out of service, just after the most right-wing government in Israel’s 74-year history took office. The strikes continued despite mass protests in Israel, including open disagreement between Netanyahu and his defense minister, Yoav Gallant, over the government's controversial plans for a judicial overhaul. At one point, Netanyahu fired Gallant for criticizing the plan, but then backtracked and temporarily halted the push for the overhaul until parliament reconvenes in a month. The two men have made a number of public appearances in recent days, alluding to military activity in Syria without overtly confirming it. “We will not allow the Iranians and Hezbollah to harm us. We have not allowed it in the past, we won’t allow it now, or anytime in the future,” Gallant said this week. “When necessary, we will push them out of Syria to where they belong – and that is Iran.”
Jaber, however, said he believes the recent strikes will not turn into a full-blown conflict, in part because the U.S. -- which is preoccupied with the ongoing war in Ukraine and its own tensions with China -- would try to dissuade a regional war. Strikes attributed to Israel in Syria in recent weeks have targeted both Iranian-linked figures and infrastructure.
They have hit the airports of Damascus and Aleppo, a move which was apparently intended to prevent the flow of arms shipments into Syria, but which also disrupted aid shipments after the deadly Feb. 6 earthquake that struck Syria and Turkey.
On Feb. 19, the first reported Israeli strikes after the earthquake targeted residential areas in Syria’s capital Damascus, killing at least five people and wounding 15. Opposition activists said the strikes targeted Iranian-backed militias. In mid-March, the Israeli army said its soldiers had killed an armed man suspected of entering the country from Lebanon and blowing up a car. The incident, which wounded one Israeli, unnerved Israelis. Officials suspect the man infiltrated from Lebanon and may have been dispatched by Hezbollah or directly by Iran. A few days after the alleged infiltration, a commander with the Palestinian militant group Islamic Jihad was shot dead outside his apartment building near Damascus in what the group described as an assassination by Israeli agents. Last Tuesday, Netanyahu said Israel's intelligence agency Mossad helped Greece prevent a terrorist attack planned against at least one Jewish site in Athens. Greek authorities said two men described as being of Pakistani origin were arrested for allegedly planning an attack on a Jewish center. On Friday, an Israeli strike on a southern suburb of Damascus killed two advisers from Iran's Revolutionary Guard. Hours later, Israel’s air force shot down a drone that entered Israel from Syria and alleged that Iran was behind its launch. Yoel Guzansky, an Iran expert and senior fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies, a Tel Aviv think tank, said Israel’s stepped-up action in recent weeks could be in response to the recent alleged infiltration from Lebanon. Guzansky noted that Iran rarely acknowledges the death of its officers and advisers as quickly as it did after Friday's attack. He said the swift public acknowledgement could signal that "Iran will avenge or respond to the Israeli attacks,” possibly targeting Israelis abroad. An official with an Iran-backed group in the region warned that if Israel continues with the strikes, Tehran and its allies will retaliate. He spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to discuss the issue with the media. Iran’s semi-official Tasnim news agency quoted the Revolutionary Guard as saying that the killing of two Iranian advisers “will definitely not pass without retaliation.”
*Federman reported from Jerusalem.

Violence at Jerusalem mosque prompts fears of wider fighting
Associated Press/April 5, 2023
Israeli police stormed into the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem's Old City early Wednesday, firing stun grenades at Palestinian youths who hurled firecrackers at them in a burst of violence during a sensitive holiday season. Gaza militants responded with rocket fire on southern Israel, prompting an Israeli airstrike.
The fighting, coming as Muslims mark the holiday month of Ramadan and Jews prepare to begin the Passover festival on Wednesday evening, drew Palestinian condemnations and raised fears of a wider conflagration. Similar clashes two years ago erupted into an 11-day war between Israel and Hamas. The Israeli military said one soldier was shot in a separate incident in the occupied West Bank. The mosque sits on a sensitive hilltop compound holy to both Jews and Muslims. Al-Aqsa is the third-holiest site in Islam and is typically packed with worshippers during Ramadan. The spot, known to Jews as the Temple Mount, is also the holiest site in Judaism, who revere it as the location of the biblical Jewish temples. The conflicting claims fuel constant tensions that have spilled over to violence numerous times in the past. The official Palestinian news agency Wafa said that dozens of worshippers who were spending the night praying were injured in the police raid. Israeli police said they moved in after "several law-breaking youths and masked agitators" brought fireworks, sticks and stones and barricaded themselves into the mosque. Police said the youths chanted violent slogans and locked the front doors.
"After many and prolonged attempts to get them out by talking to no avail, police forces were forced to enter the compound in order to get them out," police said. Video released by police showed the repeated explosions of fireworks inside the mosque. One amateur video taken by Palestinians showed police scuffling with people and beating them with clubs and rifle butts as a woman's voice could be heard shouting, "Oh God. Oh God."Outside the gate, police dispersed groups of youths with stun grenades and rubber bullets. Police said one officer was injured in the leg, while 350 individuals were arrested. Those arrested included "masked individuals, stone and firework hurlers/throwers, and individuals suspected of desecrating the mosque," it said. Talab Abu Eisha, 49, said more than 400 men, women and children were praying at Al-Aqsa when the police encircled the mosque.
"The youths were afraid and started closing the doors," he said, adding that police forces "stormed the eastern corner, beating and arresting men there.""It was an unprecedented scene of violence in terms of police brutality and intention to hurt the youths," he said, denying police claims that young men were hiding fireworks and rocks. He added that the police prevented all men under 50 years old from passing through the Old City's gates leading to the compound for the dawn prayers Wednesday morning.
Palestinian militants responded by firing a barrage of rockets from Gaza into southern Israel, setting off air raid sirens in the region as residents were preparing for the beginning of the weeklong Passover holiday. The Israeli military said a total of five rockets were fired, and all were intercepted. Hours later, Israel responded with an airstrike in Gaza. There were no immediate details on the target. Tensions have been steadily rising since Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's new far-right government took office late last year. The government is dominated by religious and ultranationalist hard-liners, and the overlap of the Jewish and Muslim holidays – when tens of thousands of worshippers make their way to contested Jerusalem — has raised fears of violence. The police force is overseen by Itamar Ben-Gvir, an ultranationalist with a history of violent rhetoric against the Palestinians. In Gaza, Hamas called for large protests and people started gathering in the streets, with calls to head for the heavily guarded Gaza-Israel frontier for more violent demonstrations. The Palestinian militant groups Hamas and Islamic Jihad also called for Palestinian residents of Jerusalem, the West Bank, and Israel to go and gather around Al-Aqsa Mosque and confront Israeli forces.
In the occupied West Bank, the Palestinian leadership condemned the attack on the worshippers. The spokesman of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Nabil Abu Rudeineh, warned Israel that such a move "exceeds all red lines and will lead to a large explosion."The government of Jordan, which serves as the custodian of the mosque, condemned the Israeli raid "in the strongest terms." The Foreign Ministry warned "of the consequences of this dangerous escalation and held Israel responsible for the safety of the blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque." As violence was unfolding in Jerusalem, the Israeli military reported fighting in a Palestinian town in the occupied West Bank. It said residents of Beit Umar, near the volatile city of Hebron, burned tires, hurled rocks and explosives at soldiers. It said one soldier was shot by armed suspects, who managed to flee. Earlier on Tuesday, a Palestinian suspect stabbed two Israelis near an army base south of Tel Aviv, police said, in the latest incident in a yearlong spate of violence that shows no sign of abating. The Magen David Adom paramedic service said first responders treated two men for serious and light stab wounds in the incident on a highway near the Tzrifin military base. The men were taken to a nearby hospital for treatment. Israeli media identified the two victims as soldiers. Police said that civilians at the scene apprehended the suspected attacker, who was taken into police custody for questioning. Israeli-Palestinian violence has surged over the last year, as the Israeli military has carried out near-nightly raids on Palestinian cities, towns and villages and as Palestinians have staged numerous attacks against Israelis. At least 88 Palestinians have been killed by Israeli fire this year, according to an Associated Press tally. Palestinian attacks against Israelis have killed 15 people in the same period. Israel says most of the Palestinians killed were militants. But stone-throwing youths and bystanders uninvolved in violence were also among the dead. All but one of the Israeli dead were civilians.

Canadian PM urges Israel to change its approach after raid, clashes
Ismail Shakil/OTTAWA (Reuters)/April 5, 2023
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Wednesday criticised the Israeli government's "inflamed rhetoric" and urged it to change its approach to the Palestinians amid an upsurge in violence. Israeli police entered Jerusalem's al-Aqsa mosque, Islam's third holiest site, early on Wednesday to try to clear groups it said were barricaded inside, leading to clashes with worshippers and triggering an exchange of crossborder fire with Gaza. "We deplore what's going on right now in Israel," Trudeau told reporters in Alliston, Ontario. He also condemned the rocket attacks by Palestinian militants from Gaza. "We're extremely concerned with the inflamed rhetoric coming out of the Israeli government, we're concerned about the judicial reforms ... we're concerned by the violence around the al-Aqsa mosque," Trudeau said. Israel's far-right National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir has called for a harsh response to the rocket attacks from Gaza, tweeting: "Hamas rockets require more than blasting dunes and empty sites. It's time to rip heads off in Gaza."The raid at the al-Aqsa mosque compound has drawn a sharp reaction from Arab countries and the Arab League, but Trudeau's comments are among the first to come from Israel's traditional Western allies on Wednesday's violence. "We need to see the Israeli government shifting in its approach, and Canada is saying that as a dear and close and steadfast friend to Israel, we are deeply concerned around the direction that the Israeli government has been taking," he said. "We absolutely, unequivocally condemn the rocket attacks from militants in Gaza. We need to see a de-escalation of violence," Trudeau added.

Iran names envoy to UAE after nearly eight-year absence
Agence France Presse/April 5, 2023
Iran has named an ambassador to the United Arab Emirates nearly eight years after his predecessor left, as a thaw in relations with the Gulf Arab states picks up pace. "After some eight years, the foreign ministry has named Reza Ameri as the Islamic Republic of Iran's new ambassador to the United Arab Emirates," Iran's official IRNA news agency reported late Tuesday. The move comes after Iran welcomed an Emirati ambassador last September ending a six-year absence. The UAE had cut the level of its diplomatic representation after neighboring Saudi Arabia severed ties in 2016 following the ransacking of its diplomatic missions in Iran by protesters angered by its execution of a leading Shiite cleric. After several of its Gulf allies led the way, Riyadh restored diplomatic relations with Tehran last month in a fence-mending deal brokered by Beijing. Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi has accepted an invitation to Riyadh from Saudi Arabia's King Salman, First Vice President Mohammad Mokhber confirmed on Monday. Iran and the United Arab Emirates have long had close economic ties which continued even during the diplomatic chill. A veteran diplomat who served most recently as director general of the foreign ministry's diaspora affairs department, Ameri's career had previously taken him to Algeria, Sudan and Eritrea.

Israel: Iran was behind drone incursion from Syria
JERUSALEM (AP)/Mon, April 3, 2023
Iran appears to have been behind the launch of a drone that was shot down over Israeli airspace this week, the Israeli military said Monday. The army announced its conclusions on Monday, a day after air force helicopters and fighter jets were scrambled to intercept the drone when it entered Israeli territory from Syria. There were no casualties in the incident, but it added to the already heightened tensions between the two arch-enemies. The interception happened shortly after Iranian state media reported that an Iranian adviser who was wounded in an Israeli airstrike in Syria over the weekend had died of his wounds. That made him the second Iranian adviser allegedly killed by Israel in recent days. Last week, Greece announced the arrest of two Pakistani operatives it said were planning an attack on a Jewish center in Athens. Israel has said Iran was behind the plot. The Israeli military said Monday an initial inquiry determined the intercepted drone was Iranian. It said debris was still being collected and analyzed. Since the start of Syria’s conflict in March 2011, Iran has been a main supporter of President Bashar Assad’s government and has sent advisers and other assistance to the Syrian leader. Throughout the Syrian war, Israel has carried out scores of airstrikes in the neighboring country. Most of these strikes have been aimed at Iranian targets or suspected arms shipments to Hezbollah and other Iran-backed groups that have sent troops to back Assad. Israel considers Iran to be its greatest enemy, citing the country's hostile rhetoric, support for militant groups like Hezbollah and its suspected nuclear program. Iran denies Western allegations that it is pursuing a nuclear bomb. Israel appears to have stepped up its activities in Syria recently. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, an opposition-linked war monitor, says Israel has struck targets in Syria nine times this year. Israel rarely acknowledges individual strikes, though Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu acknowledge recent unspecified activity in an address to soldiers at an Israeli air force base on Monday. “I know the important work you are doing and while it is always important, it is especially so at this time,” he said. “You know very well that in recent days we have been active beyond our borders against regimes that support terrorism and are plotting to destroy us.” On Sunday, the Syrian state news agency SANA, citing military sources, said Israeli strikes targeted sites in the city of Homs and surrounding countryside. Syrian air defenses intercepted the missiles and shot down some of them, it said. The observatory reported that the missiles targeted Syrian military sites and those of Iran-linked militias, including a research center. Later on Sunday, Israel’s defense minister, Yoav Gallant, commented about Syria during a visit to soldiers in the occupied West Bank but did not directly confirm the recent airstrikes. “We will not allow the Iranians and Hezbollah to harm us. We have not allowed it in the past, we won’t allow it now, or anytime in the future,” Gallant said. He also accused Iran of seeking to entrench its presence along Israel’s borders. “When necessary, we will push them out of Syria to where they belong. And that is Iran,” Gallant said.

Iran probes possible drone attack on defence ministry complex in Isfahan
DUBAI (Reuters)/Wed, April 5, 2023
Iran foiled a drone attack against a Ministry of Defence complex in the central city of Isfahan overnight, Iranian Tasnim news agency reported on Wednesday, although Tehran said confirming the report required further investigation. "The Amir al-Momenin complex in Isfahan was the target of a failed attack by a small drone which was foiled by defence systems," Iran's semi-official Tasnim news agency reported, adding that the attempt did not cause any damage. However, Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi said "For now, I cannot confirm this as it needs more investigation," when asked by Iranian media about the report during a press conference. In the past, Tehran has blamed its arch-foe Israel for such attacks, including a drone attack on a military factory near Isfahan in January. Israel has neither confirmed nor denied responsibility for the attacks. The report comes days after Israeli air strikes in Syria hit Iran-linked targets that killed at least two Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) members that served as military advisers in Syria. In January, a Ministry of Defence industrial centre was also targeted by a drone attack, which Iran said was unsuccessful and perpetrated by "mercenaries of the Zionist regime".

Russia demands that Ukraine free Orthodox 'martyr' cleric from house arrest

MOSCOW (Reuters)/Wed, April 5, 2023
Russia on Wednesday demanded that Ukraine free a top Orthodox cleric placed under house arrest by a Kyiv court this month in connection with allegations he had glorified Russia's invasion and stoked religious divisions. Metropolitan Pavlo, the abbot of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (monastery) in central Kyiv, is a senior official in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC) which Ukrainian authorities have accused of being pro-Russian and of collaborating with Moscow, charges the UOC denies. Pavlo, who the court ordered to wear an electronic bracelet, banned from attending church services, and ordered to spend the next two months living in a village outside Kyiv according to Russia's TASS news agency, has denied wrongdoing and called the case against him political. Russia's Foreign Ministry called on Ukraine to free him immediately. "We are deeply worried about the fate of Metropolitan Pavlo, who is known to be under house arrest and in electronic shackles. He is taking on the likeness of a martyr for the Orthodox faith," the ministry said in a statement. "We demand the immediate release of Metropolitan Pavlo and the provision of appropriate medical care for him."Pavlo had been living in accommodation in the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, a 980-year old monastery complex the government says the church must leave, something it has so far refused to do. Ukrainian prosecutors have said his house arrest and electronic bracelet are precautionary measures while the case against him continues. Sixty-one UOC clergy have had criminal cases opened against them since the start of 2022 with seven found guilty. The UOC has been accused of maintaining links to the Russian Orthodox Church, which has publicly backed what Moscow calls its "special military operation" in Ukraine. The Russian Orthodox Church used to be the UOC's parent church, but the UOC says it broke all ties in May 2022. Ukraine has about 30 million Orthodox believers, divided between the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and two other Orthodox Churches, one of which is the autocephalous, or self-governing, Ukrainian Orthodox Church.

US, Britain walk out at UN on Russian wanted for war crimes
Michelle Nichols/UNITED NATIONS (Reuters)/April 5, 2023
The United States, Britain, Albania and Malta walked out on Russia's envoy for children's rights - whom the International Criminal Court wants to arrest on war crimes charges - as she spoke by video to U.N. Security Council members on Wednesday. Britain and the United States blocked the informal meeting on Ukraine, convened by Russia to focus on "evacuating children from conflict zones," from being webcast by the United Nations. The diplomats left the U.N. conference room where the discussion was being held as Russian Commissioner Maria Lvova-Belova spoke.
U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., Linda Thomas-Greenfield, told reporters that the United States joined Britain in blocking the webcast so Lvova-Belova did not have "an international podium to spread disinformation and to try to defend her horrible actions that are taking place in Ukraine."The International Criminal Court last month issued an arrest warrant against Russian President Vladimir Putin and Lvova-Belova, accusing them of illegally deporting children from Ukraine and the unlawful transfer of people to Russia from Ukraine since Russia invaded on Feb. 24, 2022. Moscow said the warrants were legally void as Russia was not a signatory to the treaty that established the ICC. Moscow has not concealed a program under which it has brought thousands of Ukrainian children to Russia but presents it as a humanitarian campaign to protect orphans and children abandoned in the war zone. Lvova-Belova said that since February 2022, some 5 million Ukrainians, including 700,000 children, had traveled to Russia. Some 2,000 children were from orphanages and accompanied by custodians, she said, adding that about 1,300 of those children had since returned to Ukraine, while 400 were now in Russian orphanages and 358 children were placed in Russian foster homes. "Russia claims it is protecting these children. Instead this is a calculated policy that seeks to erase Ukrainian identity and statehood," British diplomat Asima Ghazi-Bouillon told the meeting, returning to the room after Lvova-Belova had spoken. During her statement Lvova-Belova showed video of Ukrainian children in Russia, then said: "I want to stress that unlike the Ukrainian side, we don't use children for propaganda."Russia's U.N. Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia told reporters last month that the informal meeting had been planned long before the ICC announcement and it was not intended to be a rebuttal of the charges against Putin and Lvova-Belova. Diplomats have said it is rare for a U.N. webcast to be blocked. However, last month China blocked the U.N. webcast of a U.S.-convened informal Security Council meeting on human rights abuses in North Korea.

NATO just got hundreds of tanks, 62 fighter jets, and a whole lot of artillery after Finland joined the military alliance
Sinéad Baker/.REUTERS/Yves Herman/April 5, 2023
Finland, Russia's neighbors, became a member of the NATO military alliance on Tuesday. It brings hundreds of tanks, 62 fighter jets, and lots of artillery and soldiers with it. Finland's strong military and its decision to join NATO were in part motivated by Russian actions. Finland is now a member of NATO, giving the alliance a new military partner that has hundreds of tanks and jets, and a history of fighting Russia. Finland officially became a member of the military alliance on Tuesday, strongly motivated by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The move more than doubled Russia's direct border with NATO countries.
This proximity, and Finland's own history of fighting Russia, has been a big factor in how Finland has developed its military, and in the size of the arsenal that it now brings to the alliance. That arsenal includes around 650 tanks, Reuters reported. The International Institute for Strategic Studies said in its latest assessment that Finland has at least 800 armored vehicles, including 200 tanks. It also has 107 combat-capable jets, according to the latest assessment by the IISS, including 62 fighter jets. Finland claims to have what it calls "Western Europe's strongest artillery," made up of around 1,500 weapons that include 700 howitzers and cannon, 700 mortars and around 100 rocket launchers, according to Reuters. The country has dozens of training aircraft and surveillance radars, at least 650 anti-aircraft missiles, an undisclosed number of drones, anti-aircraft cannon and tanks, multiple types of vessels for its navy, and lots of transport vehicles, along with other equipment, Reuters reported. Finland is also currently boosting its weapons stocks, by adding more missiles, a new anti-aircraft system, and more drones, Reuters reported. Reservists from Finland's Karelia Brigade during a local defence exercise in Taipalsaari, Finland, in March 2022. Reservists from Finland's Karelia Brigade during a local defence exercise in Taipalsaari, Every Finnish person aged between 18 and 60 is also liable for military service, as the country's constitution says that every citizen is obligated to participate in its national defence. Finland says it trains around 21,000 new conscripts every year. And the country has a wartime fighting reserve force of 280,000 soldiers, and almost 900,000 people that can be mobilized, according to Reuters. Finland said even before it joined the alliance that its defense forces "already meet NATO's military criteria: we have a strong national defence of our own and are adapted with the armed forces of different NATO countries."Finland becoming part of NATO is seen as a nightmare for Russia, which considers the alliance a key threat. Russian President Vladimir Putin partly justified his invasion of Ukraine by saying that he wanted to stop NATO expanding eastwards, but instead his invasion prompted Finland to abandon decades of neutrality to seek NATO membership. Alexander Stubb, Finland's former prime minister, told Axios that Russia's threats over it joining NATO can be dismissed due to the strength of Finland's military."When you have military like ours, you really don't have that much to worry about," he said. "And Russia knows that."

Ukraine will take 'corresponding' decisions if troops risk encirclement in Bakhmut - Zelenskiy
KYIV (Reuters)/April 5, 2023
Ukrainian troops face a really difficult situation in the eastern city of Bakhmut, but Kyiv will take the "corresponding" decisions to protect them if they risk being encircled by Russian forces, President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said on Wednesday. The Ukrainian leader told a news conference in Poland that Kyiv's forces in Bakhmut sometimes advanced a little only to be pushed back by Russian forces, but that they remained inside the city. "We are in Bakhmut and the enemy does not control it," Zelenskiy said. Bakhmut, in Ukraine's Donetsk region, has been one of the bloodiest and longest battles of Russia's full-scale invasion, now in its second year. Ukrainian forces have held out against a Russian onslaught there with heavy losses on both sides. "For me, the most important is not to lose our soldiers and of course if there is a moment of even hotter events and the danger we could lose our personnel because of encirclement - of course the corresponding correct decisions will be taken by generals there," he said. The comment appeared to be a reference to the idea of withdrawing. Zelenskiy spoke at a news conference alongside Poland's president in Warsaw. His trip comes with Ukraine expected to launch a counteroffensive to seize back land in the south and east from Russian forces in the coming weeks or months. Zelenskiy said that the more ammunition Ukraine receives from Western partners, the faster it would be able fight back in Bakhmut and elsewhere. "There is success in some districts of Bakhmut - we're going forward. Or there's no (success) and we're again leaving for positions," he said.

Saudi crown prince’s shock power grab is catastrophic for Biden
Ben Marlow/The Telegraph/Wed, April 5, 2023
So much for “stability”, and so much for “strategic partnerships”.
The ramifications of Opec’s decision to slash production targets by another 1.2m barrels per day will be profound, though you wouldn’t know it from the “business as usual” responses from the White House and Riyadh following Sunday’s shock move. Saudi Arabia said the cuts were a “precautionary measure aimed at supporting the stability of the oil market,” a statement instantly made to look ridiculous by the 8pc spike in global benchmark Brent crude when markets opened on Monday morning. It was the steepest one-day increase in oil prices in more than a year, with West Texas Intermediate experiencing a jump of the same proportions to leave prices hovering around $85 a barrel. After the sharp drop in prices following the turmoil in the banking industry, this is Saudi Arabia’s panicked attempt to install a floor to help Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (known as MBS) bankroll a series of mega-building projects at home that make HS2 look like it belongs on the set of Thomas the Tank Engine by comparison. Under what has been dubbed MBS’s “Vision 2030” economic plan, the kingdom is constructing a $500bn (£400bn) futuristic “smart” city in the Arabian desert that it claims will be 33 times bigger than New York City and powered entirely by renewable energy, and a sprawling holiday resort the size of Belgium on 28,000 sq km of pristine land next to the Red Sea. Still, the idea that ties between America and Saudi Arabia can still be called “a strategic partnership” in the face of this latest snub to Joe Biden, as national security spokesman John Kirby sought to claim, is even more preposterous, even if US officials were given a heads-up on the plan. The worst that Kirby could bring himself to say was “We don’t think that production cuts are advisable at this moment, given market uncertainty – and we made that clear”, which threatens to be the understatement of the century. It is the second time in six months that the Saudis have delivered a massive diplomatic humiliation to the US president. Last October’s production cut had followed months of intensive White House shuttle diplomacy as the US Government desperately sought to convince Riyadh to keep the taps open. But it was Biden’s excruciating fist-bump in a face-to-face meeting with MBS that will come to symbolise Washington’s spectacular underestimation of the shift in US-Saudi relations.
Biden saw the move as a grave betrayal and threatened “consequences”, though tellingly neglected to even give a flavour of what they might be. But if that dealt a severe blow to an energy-for-security alliance that has endured for nearly 80 years, then this latest rebuff must represent the death knell. In choosing to protect oil prices, MBS has sent an unequivocal message to Washington that he intends to prioritise national interests. America's ties with the kingdom are a dirty pact that can be traced back to a meeting between Franklin Roosevelt and the Saudi founder King Abdulaziz ibn Saud in 1945 on board the American warship USS Quincy in the Suez Canal. Roosevelt wanted oil to fuel the American war effort, and its post-war recovery; in return it promised protection. The arrangement has survived numerous major skirmishes dating back to the 1973 oil embargo. It made it through two Gulf wars, possible Saudi links to the 9/11 terrorism attacks and more recently, the murder of dissident journalist Jamal Khashoggi, which US intelligence agencies concluded was personally approved by MBS. But it seems unlikely it will survive this, and it is no exaggeration to say that Biden’s presidency may ultimately struggle to do so as well. The Saudis' power grab has left the octogenarian’s administration looking weaker than ever at a time when advisers are battling to contain fresh doubts about his health sparked by a decision to miss the King’s Coronation next month. On the economic front, a fresh supply squeeze risks a new inflationary spiral that will be felt acutely. In a country where pump prices have long been capable of determining who holds office, the political fallout will be inescapable. Goldman Sachs is predicting oil prices of $95 a barrel by the end of the year, and $100 a barrel by December 2024 - a disaster for a president who has repeatedly staked his presidency on gas prices being suppressed. In February, Biden promised to “work like the devil” to address high prices, a pledge at odds with an admission that he also had little understanding of what the cause was. The damage to America’s standing on the world stage threatens to be equally catastrophic. If Biden’s critics wanted a clear sign of Washington’s waning global influence then they need look no further than Saudi Arabia’s defiance in the face of his threats. The Saudi view of the world, and its values, has always sat more comfortably with other autocracies than Western democracies but the breakdown in relations with the US threatens to unleash a geopolitical earthquake. As America surrenders control of the Gulf, a new Saudi-Russia-China axis is emerging that makes it harder to enforce US-led sanctions against Moscow, and for the White House to counter the rising power of an increasingly anti-Western Beijing. Under Biden’s increasingly inward-looking administration, the US has seldom looked so weak.

US B-52 bomber joins exercise with South Korean military
Hyonhee Shin/SEOUL (Reuters)/Wed, April 5, 2023
A U.S. B-52 strategic bomber joined military exercises with South Korea on Wednesday in the latest demonstration of the allies' readiness to respond to any North Korean provocation, South Korea's defence ministry said. The bomber, in the first deployment to South Korea of a U.S. B-52 since March 6, joined U.S. F-35B and F-16 fighters, and South Korean F-35 jets for the exercise, the ministry said. North Korea has been ramping up its military activity in recent weeks, unveiling new, smaller nuclear warheads, pledging to produce more weapons-grade nuclear material and testing what it called a nuclear-capable underwater attack drone. The South Korean ministry said the participation of the B-52 would improve U.S. extended deterrence - a reference to the American nuclear umbrella protecting its allies. "Through combined air exercises linked to the deployment of U.S. strategic assets with increased frequency and intensity, the allies demonstrated their strong will and perfect posture to respond quickly and overwhelmingly to any provocations by North Korea," Park Ha-sik, commander of South Korea's Air Force Operations Command, said in a statement. U.S. and South Korean forces have been carrying out various training exercises since March, including air and sea drills involving a U.S. aircraft carrier and B-1B bombers, and their first large-scale amphibious landing exercises in five years. North Korea has reacted angrily to the drills, calling them a rehearsal for war. South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol, at a policy meeting with aides, said the regional security situation was "more serious than ever" due to North Korea's weapons development and what he called its ceaseless provocation. He called for strengthening the alliance's extended deterrence and ensuring the readiness and capabilities of the South Korean military through effective training.

US flies nuclear-capable bombers amid tensions with N. Korea
SEOUL, South Korea (AP)/Wed, April 5, 2023
The United States flew nuclear-capable B-52 bombers to the Korean Peninsula again on Wednesday in a show of strength against North Korea amid concerns that the North might conduct a nuclear test. The long-range bombers took part in joint aerial drills with U.S. and South Korean fighter jets over the Korean Peninsula, South Korea’s Defense Ministry said. It said it was the first deployment of U.S. B-52 bombers to the peninsula in a month. The drills “show the strong resolve of the (South) Korea-U.S. alliance and its perfect readiness to respond to any provocation by North Korea swiftly and overwhelmingly,” Lt. Gen. Park Ha Sik, commander of the South Korean air force operation command, said in a statement. The South Korean and U.S. militaries have been expanding their combined military drills in response to North Korea’s nuclear and missile threats. The allies conducted their biggest field exercises in five years and computer simulations last month. The U.S. also sent the nuclear-powered USS Nimitz aircraft carrier for joint naval training with South Korea last week and U.S.-South Korea-Japan anti-submarine drills this week. North Korea sees such drills as provocations that show its rivals' intention of attacking the North. A day after the last flight by a B-52 bomber to the peninsula on March 6, Kim Yo Jong, the powerful sister of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, warned that her country was ready to take “quick, overwhelming action” against the United States and South Korea. North Korea has since test-launched a series of nuclear-capable weapons designed to attack South Korea and the United States. They included the North’s longest-range Hwasong-17 intercontinental ballistic missile, a developmental nuclear-capable underwater drone and cruise missiles fired from a submarine. Last week, North Korea unveiled a new battlefield nuclear warhead to fit on short-range weapons targeting South Korea. That touched off speculation that it may want to carry out its first nuclear test since 2017 because its last two nuclear test detonations happened after it disclosed other new warheads. If conducted, it would be the North’s seventh nuclear weapons test. Whether North Korea has functioning nuclear-armed missiles remains a subject of debate. Some experts say a nuclear detonation would be aimed at testing a miniaturized warhead for short-range missiles because the country’s recent weapons tests have focused more on weapons that place key military installations in South Korea, including U.S. military bases there, within striking distance. Kim Jong Un has said North Korea won’t return to denuclearization talks with the U.S. unless Washington drops hostile polices toward the North, an apparent reference to its joint military drills with South Korea and U.S.-led international economic sanctions. Some observers say Kim wants to use his growing weapons arsenal to pressure Washington to accept it as a nuclear power and lift the sanctions. On Friday, the chief nuclear envoys of South Korea, the United States and Japan are to meet in Seoul to discuss how to respond to tensions caused by North Korea’s recent weapons tests, according to Seoul’s Foreign Ministry. During a policy meeting Wednesday, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol said security cooperation among Seoul, Washington and Tokyo is crucial in dealing with North Korean nuclear threats and other challenges. He said South Korea must bolster its preemptive strike, missile defense and retaliatory attack capabilities while strengthening the deterrence capacity of the South Korea-U.S. alliance.

New Chemical Attacks in Iran Hospitalize Schoolgirls
FDD/April 05/2023
Latest Developments
At least 20 Iranian schoolgirls were hospitalized today in the city of Tabriz after a new wave of chemical attacks, Iranian state media reported. The “vital signs … and the general condition of all students is good,” said Asghar Jafari, head of the city’s emergency service. In total, chemical attacks have poisoned thousands of Iranian schoolgirls since November 2022. Iran’s clerical regime is likely responsible for the attacks.
Expert Analysis
“The regime in Iran has poisoned the minds of its followers for decades. It has murdered thousands of Iranians including children who have taken to the streets to ask for liberty and dignity. It should come as no surprise that this murderous and ideologically toxic regime is complicit in directing or inciting these horrendous school poisonings.” — Mark Dubowitz, FDD CEO
“These attacks and the cover-up could not have happened without the permission and collaboration of the clerical regime itself. The United States and its allies should sanction top officials in the Islamic Republic’s interior and education ministries.” — Saeed Ghasseminejad, FDD Senior Iran and Financial Economics Advisor
The Attacks
The first poisonings reportedly occurred in late November among 18 schoolgirls and staff at the Nour Technical School in the religious center of Qom, approximately 80 miles southwest of Tehran. The girls went to the hospital with symptoms that included headaches, heart palpitations, respiratory problems, nausea, dizziness, lethargy, and inability to move, according to media reports. The same school experienced another round of poisonings on December 13. Still, it was only in March 2023 that the poisonings came to dominate the Iranian national psyche as the number of attacks increased and their geographical distribution spread.
Regime Denies Responsibility
The Islamic Republic likely perpetrated the attacks in response to the revolutionary protests that have consumed the country since September 2022, when government officials killed 22-year-old Mahsa Amini for allegedly wearing her headscarf improperly. In a country like Iran, where the government has tight control over society, it is unlikely that anti-regime groups could have engaged in such operations in broad daylight. In addition, dissident groups have no incentive to target schoolgirls in the middle of a revolution promoting women’s rights.
Nevertheless, as evidence of the poisonings mounted, Iran’s Education Minister Youssef Nouri originally dismissed the reports as “rumors.” Angry parents protested in front of Qom’s governor’s office demanding answers after a poisoning on February 14 sent 117 students to the hospital. Ultimately, when 104 chemical attacks occurred on March 6 alone, Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, acknowledged the problem, calling the poisonings “unforgivable crimes” that warrant “the most severe of punishments.”
Thousands of Victims
A comprehensive FDD analysis documents at least 275 attacks, 247 of which happened in March, spread across 139 cities and towns. FDD counts at least 1,742 student victims, though other sources have offered numbers as high as 7,000. It is likely that even more students were exposed to the poisons.

PA Security Services Officer Attacks Israeli Forces

FDD/April 05/2023
Latest Developments
A Palestinian Authority (PA) security services officer wounded three Israeli soldiers on Saturday night after ramming a car into them near the West Bank village of Beit Ummar. Other soldiers promptly shot dead the assailant, Mohammed Baradiyah. Israeli forces were operating to secure roads from rock throwers and other threats when Baradiyah targeted them.
The incident adds to the growing number of attacks against Israeli security forces carried out by PA security forces since the uptick in West Bank violence began in June 2021. On January 26, the PA ceased security cooperation with Israel after an Israeli military operation in Jenin resulted in the deaths of Palestinian militants and civilians. “Security coordination with the occupation government no longer exists as of now,” said Deputy Prime Minister Nabil Rudeineh at the time.
Expert Analysis
“Since June 2021, the number of attacks by members of the Palestinian Authority’s security forces have risen compared to recent years. It’s time the Palestinian Authority recognize that there is a problem within the ranks of its security services. Additional acts of violence by its officers will further erode an already fragile security relationship with their Israeli counterparts.” — Joe Truzman, Research Analyst at FDD’s Long War Journal
PA Officers Attack Israeli Forces
In September 2022, Ahmed Abed, an intelligence officer in the PA security services, and one other gunman opened fire on Israeli troops surveilling them in the Palestinian village of al-Jalama, killing Bar Falah, the deputy commander of Israel’s elite Nahal reconnaissance unit. Almost two months earlier, PA security services officer Khaled Hajeer opened fire at Israeli forces near Nablus. An Israeli hospital treated Hajeer after he sustained injuries during a shootout with the Israeli troops.
Palestinians and Israelis Make Peace Commitments
On March 19, Israeli and Palestinian officials met in the Egyptian resort city of Sharm el-Sheikh to discuss the ongoing tensions in the West Bank and Israel. According to a communique released by Jordan’s foreign ministry, both sides agreed to deescalate tensions on the ground and establish a mechanism to reduce violence, incitement, and inflammatory statements. Israelis and Palestinians expect to resume a third round of talks this month.

Chemicals Attack On Iranian Students
Saeed Ghasseminejad and Mark Dubowitz/FDD/April 05/2023
Deliberate chemical attacks have poisoned hundreds — perhaps thousands — of students across Iran. Most victims are schoolgirls.
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These attacks have been sophisticated, organized, persistent, widespread, and targeted. Iran’s clerical regime likely perpetrated the attacks in response to the revolutionary protests that have consumed the country since September 2022, when government officials allegedly killed 22-year-old Mahsa Amini for improper headscarf wear.
Further, in a country like Iran, where the government has tight control over society, it is unlikely that anti-regime groups could have engaged in such operations in broad daylight. In addition, dissident groups have no incentive to target schoolgirls in the middle of a revolution promoting women’s rights.
The attacks began in November 2022, but it was only in March 2023 that the poisonings came to dominate the Iranian national psyche as the number of attacks increased and their geographical distribution spread. One hundred and four attacks occurred on March 6 alone, prompting Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, to call them “unforgivable crimes” that warrant “the most severe of punishments.”
The following interactive map documents these attacks. Our database includes 277 attacks, 247 of which happened in March, spread across 139 cities and towns. We count at least 1,750 student victims, though other sources have offered numbers as high as 7,000. It is likely that even more students were exposed to the poisons.
Design by Daniel Ackerman
Development by Pavak Patel

Jordan’s King Incites Anti-Israel Sentiment
FDD/April 05/2023
Latest Developments
King Abdullah II of Jordan on Sunday told a visiting Palestinian Authority (PA) delegation, led by President Mahmoud Abbas, that it was “the duty of every Muslim to deter Israeli escalations against … holy sites in Jerusalem.” The statement comes as hundreds of thousands of Muslims travel to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem to pray at the al-Aqsa Mosque during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.
Abdullah’s rhetoric follows a recent pattern of Jordanian attribution of blaming Israel for violence on the Temple Mount. In reality, Palestinian extremists on the Temple Mount often initiate violence against Israelis during Ramadan. Two years ago, clashes during Ramadan escalated into an 11-day war between Israel and Palestinian terror groups, mainly in Gaza.
Expert Analysis
“Once again, the Jordanian monarch is engaging in rhetoric that might be popular among certain swaths of Jordanian society but could ultimately undermine the vital ties with Israel that keep Jordan safe and stable. Should the Palestinians interpret his statement as a green light to engage in violence against Israel, Jordan may not be immune from the fallout. Jordan’s own Palestinian population could become radicalized. Meanwhile, the patience of the Israeli government is wearing thin. The king must find ways to deescalate for the good of his kingdom and the entire region.” — Jonathan Schanzer, FDD Senior Vice President for Research
Unequal Rights
The Temple Mount, known to Muslims as al-Haram al-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary), is the third holiest site in Islam. It is also the holiest site in Judaism, where the first and second temples once stood. Jordan took control of the compound during Israel’s 1948 War of Independence, but Israel reclaimed the site during the Six-Day War in 1967. Pursuant to the peace agreement between Jordan and Israel in 1994, the Israeli government allowed the Jordanian Jerusalem Islamic Waqf to continue exercising authority over the compound. Under the arrangement, Jews and non-Muslims may visit the Temple Mount during certain hours but are not allowed to pray there.
Warm Peace Growing Cold
Amman has pulled away from Israel in recent years, driven by domestic political considerations, unrealistic expectations, and both legitimate and illegitimate grievances. Its official rhetoric about Israel has grown increasingly negative, if not vitriolic. The same can be observed in Jordan’s government-censored media. And despite ongoing cooperation on a range of challenges, diplomatic ties are often tense.
Jordan effectively sided with Hamas during the May 2021 conflict with Israel by echoing the terrorist group’s talking points that wrongly blamed Israeli security forces on the Temple Mount for sparking the conflict. And during his 2022 speech to the United Nations General Assembly, King Abdullah falsely accused Israelis of threatening Christian holy sites in Jerusalem.
Diplomatic Rejectionism
Jordan has made no attempt to hide its rejection of the new regional order marked by Israeli normalization agreements with surrounding Arab states. Shockingly, despite its peace agreement with Israel and its warm relations with the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, Jordan refused to send diplomatic representatives to the White House ceremony marking the Abraham Accords in 2020.

French envoy: Canada should link with Europe, surpass 'weak' military engagement
OTTAWA/The Canadian Press/Wed, April 5, 2023
France's ambassador to Canada says Ottawa must choose between tying itself entirely to Washington or broadening its links to partner more with Europe — while also calling out Canada's "weak" military engagement. "This nagging question of the future American commitment offers, in any case more than ever, the opportunity for Europe, France and Canada to play a role together," Michel Miraillet said in a French-language speech Tuesday to the Montreal Council on Foreign Relations. Miraillet argued that Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine last year was the culmination of a decade of Moscow and Beijing working to weaken democracies. He said both Russia and China have sold their citizens a narrative of patriotic nationalism, while building up their military capabilities and involvement in developing countries, in anticipation of an inevitable decline of a faltering western world.
"This relationship goes far beyond the assertion of common interests. (Vladimir) Putin and Xi Jinping share the same hatreds, that of the West, which they want to weaken and push back … and that of democracy, which according to them leads to decadence and the disintegration of nations," he said. "They also became convinced of the inevitability of America's erasure from the international stage." Miraillet cited the presidency of George W. Bush, without directly referencing the Iraq War, and noted the Obama administration opting against intervening in Syria or pushing back on Russia's 2014 takeover of Ukraine's Crimea region. "The withdrawal from the world stage, initiated under Obama and amplified under Trump, has proved disastrous, as it created a vacuum quickly filled by the rival powers and opened a field of expansion for Russia," he said. "If it was to be feared that Joe Biden would go in the same direction, especially at the time of the panic in Afghanistan, let us agree that he adopted a firm and courageous attitude in the Ukrainian conflict."Yet Miraillet warned that all elected leaders are subject to short-term mandates while autocrats remain in power. "This asymmetry which has always existed between dictatorships and democracies today has a special dimension." He said Putin is hoping that Americans elect an isolationist president in fall 2024, and that Europeans opt for the comforts of Russian oil over the difficulty of the higher energy bills they're paying as a result of sticking to values and democracy. Miraillet noted France's recent boost in military spending and proposals for deeper continental military integration. He noted France, which is a major arms producer, is pushing for more military manufacturing on the continent. He suggested that Ottawa needs to demonstrate a similar commitment to global security.
"The same goes for Canada and its weak defence effort, nevertheless, somewhat forgetful of the memory of its past commitments, of the courage shown in all major conflicts, as in peacekeeping operations."In that context, Miraillet said Canada should deepen its partnership with countries such as France, in the same way that Australia has formed alliances with South Korea and Japan. He said that as today's world organizes itself along new axes of power, with the China-Russia pact on one side and democracies on the other, the democratic world shouldn't align itself only with American interests — those, he said, "are not necessarily always convergent with ours, as with yours, dear Canadian friends.""There is, shall I say, a unique opportunity for Canada and France to act together, which involves stepping out of their comfort zone and beyond the games of internal politics to have a great destiny."
He said "friendshoring," a U.S. concept recently endorsed by Canada that holds that allies should rely on each other for more resilient supply chains, is "no longer an option." He added that Canada shouldn't constrain itself to North American partners. Miraillet said France, in particular, wants to partner with Canada on critical minerals for green technology, on fledging small-scale nuclear technology and on hydrogen projects that can help electrify public transit. "France and Canada have no other path than that of closer technological and industrial co-operation, of a strengthened capitalistic relationship in what is not a de-globalization phase as some have said, but more simply a decline in trade on a global scale."Navigating that transition requires close friends, in order for multilateral institutions to have any hope of fighting climate change, big tech and pandemics, Miraillet argued. He said Canada faces a strategic choice, to either "accept and reinforce the logic of American decoupling, hoping to obtain in exchange more integration … or move toward a more multipolar logic, in particular with Europe."Miraillet noted that France and Canada are often the only ones to constantly advocate for individual rights in UN and G20 forums "in the face of Global South, which is culturally often hostile and also increasingly impervious to the interests of the individual."Miraillet pointed to Beijing's sudden suspension of some of the strictest COVID-19 measures on the planet, after sustained public uproar. "Democracies are superior to all other systems, on one condition: the condition that all concerned citizens can be persuaded to better defend them. The danger is that the refusal of risk, the feeling of comfort and the habits of our Canadian and French societies, blinds us."Miraillet started his term in Ottawa last fall, after serving as France's director general of globalization and as a co-ordinator for G7 and G20 summits, known as a sherpa. His vision of the world is rejected by Moscow and Beijing, who argue the West has not followed agreements formed after the Second World War to not encroach on local security interests.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published April 5, 2023.

US reaches $144.5 mln settlement with Texas church shooting victims
LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023
The US Department of Justice reached a $144.5 million settlement with survivors and families of victims of the 2017 mass shooting at a Texas church that killed 26 people, for which a judge had found the Air Force primarily responsible. Wednesday's settlement with more than 75 plaintiffs requires approval by U.S. District Judge Xavier Rodriguez in San Antonio. It would end the government's appeal of Rodriguez's order that it pay approximately $230 million over the Nov. 5, 2017 massacre by former Air Force airman Devin Patrick Kelley at the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas.
Twenty-two others were injured when Kelley, 26, dressed in black and wearing a skull mask, opened fire at a Sunday service, 31 miles (50 km) east of San Antonio. He died later of a self-inflicted gunshot to the head after a police chase.Kelley had used firearms he should not have been allowed to buy, after admitting in a 2012 court martial to domestic violence for striking his former wife and infant stepson.

Trump, facing criminal charges, calls for defunding the FBI
Reuters/LBCI/Wed, April 5, 2023
Former President Donald Trump on Wednesday called on his fellow Republicans in Congress to slash funding for the U.S. Justice Department and the FBI, going on the offensive a day after pleading not guilty in New York to 34 felony counts of falsifying business records. Trump, who is seeking to regain the presidency in 2024, took aim at federal law enforcement authorities even though the historic criminal charges against him - the first brought against any former or sitting president - were pursued by the Manhattan district attorney.
"REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS SHOULD DEFUND THE DOJ AND FBI UNTIL THEY COME TO THEIR SENSES," Trump wrote on his social media platform. DOJ stands for the Department of Justice. Republicans in the past have supported robust funding for law enforcement and have criticized proposals from some on the left in recent years to "defund" local police departments. Trump, who served as president from 2017 to 2021, backed spending increases for the Justice Department and FBI while in office. The FBI is the U.S. domestic intelligence and security agency. Trump faces two Justice Department criminal investigations led by a special counsel appointed by U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland. One focuses on efforts by Trump and his allies to overturn the results of the 2020 election that he lost to Democratic President Joe Biden and the other focuses on classified documents that Trump retained after leaving office. Trump himself appointed the current FBI director, Christopher Wray, after firing the agency's previous chief, James Comey, in 2017. Congress appears unlikely to follow through on Trump's demand. Republicans control the House of Representatives and Democrats control the Senate. The FBI on Wednesday declined to comment on Trump's remarks. Reduced funding for federal law enforcement also would not affect another criminal investigation involving Trump led by a county prosecutor in Georgia, focusing on whether he unlawfully sought to overturn his 2020 election loss in that state.
The office of Alvin Bragg, the Manhattan district attorney, charged Trump on Tuesday with 34 felony counts of falsifying business records over allegations that he orchestrated payments to two women before the 2016 election to suppress publication of their sexual encounters with him. Prosecutors said the payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels and former Playboy model Karen McDougal constituted an attempt to conceal a violation of election law. Opinion polls show Trump as the front-runner for the 2024 Republican presidential nomination as he seeks to deny Biden a second term in office. Trump has over the years complained that law enforcement at the national and state level were targeting him for political purposes, and his fellow Republicans in Congress have held hearings to examine what they describe as the "weaponization" of government. Trump and his allies have accused Bragg, a Democrat, of bringing the charges for political reasons. Bragg in comments after the charges were brought on Tuesday said he has a responsibility to ensure everyone stands equal before the law. Trump appeared at an arraignment in New York on Tuesday before flying back to his home in Florida to make public remarks. He declared himself the victim of election interference, without offering evidence. "I never thought anything like this could happen in America," Trump told supporters gathered at his Mar-a-Lago estate in Palm Beach. "The only crime that I've committed has been to fearlessly defend our nation against those who seek to destroy it." Trump accused Bragg of being out to get him "before he knew anything about me." He said the judge in the case, Juan Merchan, is "a Trump-hating judge." Merchan has set the next hearing in the Trump case for Dec. 4. Legal experts said a trial may not even get under way for a year. Indictment or even conviction does not legally prevent a person from running for president.

Turkey Shuts Airspace to Planes Using Iraqi Airport Over Kurdish Militant ‘Infiltration’
NNA/April 05/2023
Turkey closed its airspace to flights to and from an airport in Kurdish-administered northern Iraq, a top Turkish official announced Wednesday, citing an alleged increase in Kurdish militant activity threatening flight safety. Foreign Ministry Spokesman Tanju Bilgic said the Turkish airspace has been closed to flights taking off and landing at Suleimaniyah International Airport, in northern Iraq’s semi-autonomous Kurdish region, since Tuesday. The closure was in response to an alleged increase in the activities of the banned Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK, in Suleimaniyah as well as its “infiltration” into the airport, Bilgic said in a written statement.

The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on April 05-06/2023
China brokering a deal between the Saudis and Iran is a message for the US: Change your strategy or get left behind
Hassan El-Tayyab/Business Insider/April 05/2023
In March, Saudi Arabia and Iran announced they had normalized relations in a deal brokered by China.
For the US, the deal is both a wakeup call and a chance to address urgent priorities with diplomacy.
Hassan El-Tayyab is legislative director for Middle East policy at the Friends Committee on National Legislation.
For decades, the United States has been viewed as the indispensable nation in the Middle East. However, the recent agreement between Saudi Arabia and Iran, brokered with the help of Chinese mediation, challenges long-standing assumptions about the US role there and signifies an entirely new shift in China's approach to the region.
By mediating the Saudi-Iran deal, China has demonstrated its ability to play a constructive role in resolving conflicts impartially, rather than relying on arms sales to keep nations in America's corner in geopolitical disputes. In contrast, the US has for years taken sides and militarily intervened in almost every regional conflict, including in Yemen, Syria, Libya, Afghanistan, and Iraq and is far and away the region's largest weapons dealer.
Predictably, some US officials and commentators have declared China's breakthrough as an urgent threat to American interests, arguing that the Biden administration's strategic misfires have opened the door to greater Chinese influence. But this deal need not be the catastrophe these critics make it out to be. A more stable region with reduced Saudi-Iran hostilities benefits everyone, including the US.
China is presenting a different vision for the region and it is incumbent upon the US to respond. But the way to compete in this new arena is through robust diplomatic engagement. This agreement is both a wakeup call and an opportunity to address urgent priorities, including ending the Yemen war and curbing Iran's nuclear program — both of which can only be resolved through diplomacy.
The Saudis and their backers in the US have made no secret that extending blanket concessions, including formal American security guarantees, is the only way to bring the Kingdom firmly back into the Western fold and advance Israel's formal integration in the region.
But we shouldn't take the bait, especially when the Kingdom continually subverts US interests by manipulating the global energy market and when the prospects for peaceful resolutions to long standing conflicts are growing.
Gifting the Saudis with more military support risks backsliding on the Yemen peace talks and seriously impeding the negotiated solution that is imperative to ending the war. And it's critical to US interests that this war ends. The conflict has created a massive humanitarian crisis and regional instability, has put at risk the lives of tens of thousands of US troops and civilians in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, led to a rise in recruitment by extremist groups like Al Qaeda Arabian Peninsula, and badly damaged America's international reputation.
There have been some positive signs for diplomacy in Yemen since the Saudi-Iran deal was announced. These include the opening of Hodeidah port to commercial cargo, a prisoner swap agreement between the warring parties, reports of Iran stopping weapons shipments to the Houthis, and no new cross-border airstrikes or drone attacks. Continued US diplomatic engagement is needed to keep these fragile negotiations on track.
Proponents of the traditional American approach in the region are also in a frenzy about the potential breakdown of the counter-Iran coalition, but isolating Iran has been a strategic failure by all accounts.
Former President Donald Trump's move away from engagement through his catastrophic withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal and "maximum pressure" campaign have accelerated volatility in the Middle East and unleashed Iran's nuclear enrichment program, which is inching dangerously close to weapons-grade.
The new Iran-Saudi agreement, however, creates new openings for diplomacy alongside regional stakeholders to put Iran's nuclear program back in the box peacefully. It may also pave the way for resolutions to other areas of dispute. Congress and the Biden administration should now take immediate steps along this path and adopt a more neutral posture across the Middle East if it wants to stay relevant in this new moment.
Policymakers can start by ending military support and weapons for the Saudi-led war in Yemen and pushing for a diplomatic end to the conflict and humanitarian crisis. The administration can also push for new trust-building measures such as prisoner swaps with Iran and some safeguards agreements for more limits and oversight on Iran's nuclear facilities in exchange for targeted sanctions relief, as it seeks to fully restore the nuclear deal.
The Saudi-Iran normalization deal is an end of one era of US-primacy in the Middle East and the start of a new multi-polar reality. Policymakers in the United States have two choices: get on the diplomacy train or watch it leave the station without them.
If Washington rejects regional power-sharing and obstructs a world in which other nations have a vested interest in peace, it risks jeopardizing America's own economic and security interests and its international reputation. Now is the time to prioritize and reap the benefits of diplomacy, not reject those who advocate for it.
*Hassan El-Tayyab is the legislative director for Middle East policy at the Friends Committee on National Legislation.

France: A 'Field of Ruins'
Guy Millière/Gatestone Institute/April 5, 2023
France, once again, is on the verge of chaos.
The subject of the discontent is the adoption of a law reforming the pension system in a minimal way: the legal retirement age in France has been set at 62 since 2010; the law raises it two years, to 64.
Neither members of the government nor economists on television dare to speak the truth: The French pension system is collapsing. The reform just adopted will not be enough to save it; just allow it to survive a bit longer.
The system has been bankrupt for years, but its bankruptcy is growing more costly.
The French pension system is not the only system collapsing. The country is facing a much larger crisis.
The French health insurance system, also based on mandatory contributions deducted from salaries, also is in terrible shape.
Food prices in 2022, meanwhile, increased 14.5%.
The center-left and center-right parties are dead. Neither the Rebellious France Party nor the National Rally Party would be able gather enough votes to constitute an alternative majority. The political situation is blocked.
France seems deadlocked, the possibilities of unblocking it nowhere in sight.
"A modest reform based on an implacable demographic observation has tipped France into an existential crisis in which everything is wavering... A much deeper malaise is rising to the surface. That of a country haunted by its decline". — Vincent Trémollet de Villers, Le Figaro, March 23, 2023.
"Have we hit rock bottom?" asked journalist Franz-Olivier Giesbert. "No, not yet."
France, once again, is on the verge of chaos. The French pension system is not the only system collapsing. The country is facing a much larger crisis. Pictured: Rioters in Nantes, France, on March 28, 2023. (Photo by Sebastien Salom-Gomis/AFP via Getty Images)
Paris, France. March 23, 8 p.m. A demonstration took place; as usual now, riots followed the demonstration and swept through the center of the city, then to other cities. Cars were burned, shop windows smashed, garbage dumpsters set on fire. A garbage collectors' strike began two weeks earlier; nearly ten thousand tons of garbage, still strewn on the sidewalks, almost completely block some streets. The proliferation of rats threatens disease. Oil refineries are shut down; gas stations are running dry. More demonstrations took place March 28 -- and more riots.
France, once again, is on the verge of chaos.
The subject of the discontent is the adoption of a law reforming the pension system in a minimal way: the legal retirement age in France has been set at 62 since 2010; the law raises it two years, to 64.
As soon as the law was presented by the government, all the trade unions called for strikes. Philippe Martinez, general secretary of the General Confederation of Labour (CGT), a union with communist roots, said that a compromise with the authorities is "not an option". Leaders of the leftist railway workers' union, vowed to bring the French economy to its knees. Jean-Luc Mélenchon, the leader of Rebellious France, the main left-wing party in France, told his followers: "Block everything you can". Members of the rightist National Rally were essentially on the same position as Rebellious France: a year ago, they campaigned for the retirement age to be set at 60.
Neither members of the government nor economists on television dare to speak the truth: The French pension system is collapsing. The reform just adopted will not be enough to save it; just allow it to survive a bit longer.
The system, created in 1945, is essentially a system of redistribution: mandatory contributions deducted from the salaries of today's employees are used to pay the pensions of today's retirees; today's employees rely on future contributions that will be deducted from the salaries of people employed at the time they retire. It seemed, when it was created, that the system could work: the ratio then was five employees per retiree. Life expectancy in France then was 65 years (68 for women, 63 for men). The retirement age was set at 60. On average, pensions had to be paid to retirees for only five years.
If, however, the ratio of employees per retiree decreased and life expectancy increased, the contributions paid by the employees would have to increase until reaching unbearable amounts. After the post-war baby boom, the number of children per woman fell, and the ratio of employees per retiree fell as well: today there are only 1.7 employees per retiree. Life expectancy in France has increased to nearly 82.5 years (85.3 for women, 79.4 for men). On average, pensions must be paid to retirees for more than 20 years.
The system has been bankrupt for years, but its bankruptcy is growing more costly.
The French government is in a situation where it had to "do something." Raising taxes to partially offset the deficit of the pension system is effectively impossible: France already has one of the highest tax burdens in the developed world (45.4 percent of GDP); at the same time, the country's economic competitiveness is crumbling. French public expenditures are already the highest in the developed world and increasing. Increasing taxes would mean further crushing the taxpayers and indebting the country. Reducing public spending would imply cuts to welfare spending (a third of public spending), but a large part of the benefits paid go to immigrant and non-integrated populations in the "no-go zones." The cuts would trigger the risk of even more violent uprisings.
The budgets of successive French governments have been in deficit every year since 1970; the country's debt has reached alarming levels. The French debt to GDP ratio reached 100% in December 2019. It now stands at 113.7%.
The French pension system is not the only system collapsing. The country is facing a much larger crisis.
The French health insurance system, also based on mandatory contributions deducted from salaries, also is in terrible shape. The decline in the ratio of workers to retirees and the increase in life expectancy similarly cause public healthcare expenditures to increase faster than the sum of contributions, and the system is in increasing deficit. In 2000, a socialist government created a state medical benefit, which finances "free" medical care for illegal immigrants in France – a benefit further skyrocketing the deficit.
Food prices in 2022, meanwhile, increased 14.5%. The French standard of living is deteriorating.
In the face of a crime wave, insecurity is sharply rising. The number of assaults increased by 33% percent between January 2017 and January 2022. Last year, the number of rapes reached an alarming figure, 84,500, an increase of 11% compared to 2021.
According to surveys, the French population is the world's most pessimistic. A poll published in March 2021 indicated that only 9% of French people thought the economic situation had a chance of improving (the figure for Mexico, where the situation is far more difficult than in France, was 46%; for India, 62%).
The crisis that France is going through is also a political one. In May 2017, Emmanuel Macron was elected president -- not due to the enthusiasm of voters for his program, but due to their rejecting his opponent, the National Rally party leader Marine Le Pen, whom Macron had described as an incarnation of fascism and as a dangerous extremist. Macron had formed a party by gathering around him the main political leaders of the center left and center right, "The Republic on the Move". Having thus destroyed the center-left and center-right parties that had ruled the country for decades, he easily won election by an overwhelming majority.
Before 2017, he had declared that workers in a factory about to close were "illiterate", and spoke of the difference between "those who succeed and those who are nothing". Even after becoming president, he showed contempt for the poor: "Some are concerned about having end-of-the-month problems", he said, but he takes care of problems concerning "the end of the world". In November 2018, he was confronted with a revolt -- the "yellow vests" (gilets jaunes) -- largely motivated by the anger that many French people felt towards him and rising fuel costs. Portraits of Macron were burned in the streets; effigies of Macron were hanged and trampled on.
Macron responded to the uprising with fierce police repression. Police threw sting-ball grenades into crowds and fired rubber bullets at close range. Hundreds of demonstrators were wounded, dozens mutilated with the loss of an eye, hand or foot. The uprising, which lasted for months, was followed by a long public transportation strike along, of course, with riots.
Calm returned only in March 2020 with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic -- and with extraordinarily strict lockdown rules by the government. The French were forced to stay in their homes for weeks and only allowed out for one hour a day, at a maximum distance of half a mile. They also had to have on them a document indicating their address and the time at which they left their house to present to the police, if asked.
When vaccines became available, freedom of movement was gradually restored, but only for vaccinated people, who at all times had to carry a vaccination passport to enter shops, restaurants and all administrative services. These restrictions were lifted only a few weeks before the presidential election.
In May 2022, Macron was re-elected by the voters' rejection of Marine Le Pen. The abstention rate was unusually high.
In the parliamentary elections that followed the presidential election, the party created by Macron (now called Renaissance) obtained only a thin majority, making it harder to pass laws.
Macron evidently saw that modifying the pension system was an imperative. Rather than trying to convince his opponents, he decided to use Article 49.3 of the French constitution, which allows a law to be passed without being debated, by asking parliament to vote for or against the government. The pension law, though controversial, was passed, but with disorder sure to follow.
The anger that had been silenced by lockdowns and police repression two years earlier resurfaced. Polls show that 68% of the French disapprove of the reform.
Macron has reacted the same way as when he faced the uprising of the yellow vests. On March 22, he said that the street will not dictate his political agenda, and again resorted to fierce police repression.
He seems to fear that if he gives in and abandons his latest reform, he will be extremely weakened. Carrying out any other reforms during the rest of his presidency would be impossible. Clearly, he does not intend to give in. He also seems to understand that without reform to extend the retirement age by two years, France could find itself in insolvency fairly fast.
Macron likely also fears that if he decides to dissolve the National Assembly and call for new parliamentary elections, he would not again win a majority giving him more freedom of action. The center-left and center-right parties are dead. Neither the Rebellious France Party nor the National Rally Party would be able gather enough votes to constitute an alternative majority. The political situation is blocked. Commentators with access to Macron say he hopes the crackdown will be enough to push protesters into giving up. That response, however, is not what happened in 2020. And this time, there is no pandemic to confine the population.
France seems deadlocked, the possibilities of unblocking it nowhere in sight.
Vincent Trémollet de Villers, opinion page editor of the daily Le Figaro, on March 23 described France today as a "field of ruins", adding:
"A modest reform based on an implacable demographic observation has tipped France into an existential crisis in which everything is wavering... A much deeper malaise is rising to the surface. That of a country haunted by its decline"."Have we hit rock bottom?" asked journalist Franz-Olivier Giesbert. "No, not yet."
*Dr. Guy Millière, a professor at the University of Paris, is the author of 27 books on France and Europe.
© 2023 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Prosecuting Political Foes Is Incompatible With Democracy
Jonathan S. Tobin/Gatestone Institute/April 5, 2023
Their [the left's] claim is that both Trump and Netanyahu are enemies of democracy. That makes achieving their downfall... a righteous cause.... Actions that would easily be seen as an abuse of power are justified because of a supposedly higher purpose....
[B]oth men are political leaders being singled out by prosecutors for charges that weren't so much tailored to their circumstances as they were invented for the sole purpose of taking them down.
[T]he only reason any prosecutor is looking for a way to charge him is because he's a hated political foe.
[T]heir foes justify using the legal system against them because they claim they are enemies of democracy but whose main purpose appears to be toppling the government.
[T]he willingness of so much of the chattering classes to justify attempts to jail political opponents is antithetical to the survival of democracy in both countries.
Such prosecutions only serve to undermine public confidence. They convince supporters of those charged that there is a two-tiered system where political foes not favored by the legal apparatus are treated differently.
[D]emocracy, which relies on both sides, accepting each other's legitimacy, is in real jeopardy of failing. The real threat to it doesn't come from conservatives in either country. It can be found in a political culture that has been embraced by the left that is willing to stop at nothing to crush opponents.
As different as the cases against Former U.S. President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu are, what they have in common is that both men are political leaders being singled out by prosecutors for charges that weren't so much tailored to their circumstances as they were invented for the sole purpose of taking them down.
These are heady times for those who hate both Donald Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu. The news that Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg had persuaded a grand jury to indict the former president was greeted with chortles of satisfaction from the Jewish left, which was already celebrating the recent setback suffered by the Israeli prime minister after he put judicial reform on hold.
Trump being booked in New York is not only being celebrated by those who call Netanyahu "crime minister" because of the long-running legal case on corruption charges that he has been fighting in and out of the courts for years. It has also allowed them to see the pair, despite the obvious differences between the two men and the legal stratagems that have been deployed against them, and their predicaments as part of a common struggle against what Haaretz called the way they both attack their respective countries' democratic institutions.
To the left, that's the important point.
Their claim is that both Trump and Netanyahu are enemies of democracy. That makes achieving their downfall not so much a matter of alleged wrongdoers getting their comeuppance but can be portrayed as a righteous cause in which threats to the common good are eliminated by lawfare. In that way, even the flimsiest of charges or the use of tactics that target an individual rather than enforcing the law is normalized rather than condemned as violating legal ethics. Actions that would easily be seen as an abuse of power are justified because of a supposedly higher purpose to the prosecution.
As different as the cases against Trump and Netanyahu are, what they have in common is that both men are political leaders being singled out by prosecutors for charges that weren't so much tailored to their circumstances as they were invented for the sole purpose of taking them down.
The cases against Trump and Netanyahu
The indictment of Trump is driven largely by a novel legal tactic focused on his alleged payment of hush money to porn star Stormy Daniels. While such actions are deplorable, they are not illegal; nevertheless, it's being treated as a form of fraud because it is considered an unreported campaign contribution. This is an absurd argument that has never been successfully used against any politician and is unlikely to withstand scrutiny by higher courts even if the deep-blue courts of New York City railroad it through. It's possible that Trump's businesses have also been scrutinized for some possible illegal behavior in ways that practically no other New York real estate firm has been treated.
Other charges that may be pending against Trump in either the District of Columbia, where he might be charged for inciting the Jan. 6 Capitol riot, or in Georgia, where he is accused of trying to swing the 2020 presidential election in his favor by looking for more votes, may have more merit. Still, both of those cases run afoul of other pitfalls, such as the fact that even foolish or bad speech isn't normally treated as criminal.
But while Trump is a singular figure who has shattered all sorts of precedents, both good and bad, the only reason any prosecutor is looking for a way to charge him is because he's a hated political foe.
The same is true of the charges against Netanyahu, even if the person ultimately responsible for the case—former Attorney General Avichai Mandelblit — was a former supporter turned political enemy.
The three cases against him that are being tried in a Jerusalem District Court have, if anything, even less substance to them than the ones against Trump. One concerns his acceptance of expensive gifts of champagne and cigars from admirers, though the notion that doing so constituted a breach of trust or fraud is absurd. The second involves discussions between the prime minister and the publisher of the hostile Yediot Achronot newspaper in which Netanyahu suggested that he might support legislation that undermined the Israel Hayom newspaper (Yediot's pro-Netanyahu competition) in exchange for favorable coverage. The prosecutors involved labeled that a "breach of trust" but, here again, it's not clear what existing law the conversation (which led to nothing) broke. The third charge sounds more substantial since it alleges that Netanyahu traded regulatory decisions that favored the Bezeq Company for favorable coverage on its Walla news site. But since Walla remained critical of the prime minister, the claim that it was bribery lacks substance. Even if the outlet had changed its tune, here again, there is no law in Israel that states that obtaining favorable coverage is bribery.
As with the complicated attempt to use the Stormy Daniels affair against Trump, Netanyahu's foes don't care that the cases against him lack substance. They believe him to be a criminal simply because he is a hated political foe who is difficult to beat at the ballot box. If it takes cases in which a man will be convicted of violating laws that don't actually exist on fake claims of fraud, that's OK because they see it as similar to charging Jazz Age crime boss Al Capone with not paying his taxes rather than for murder.
The difference is that Capone really was the head of a criminal enterprise. Dislike or disagree with them all you want, but Trump and Netanyahu are not criminals. They are political opponents. And so, their foes justify using the legal system against them because they claim they are enemies of democracy against whom the normal rules of political conduct cannot apply.
The real threat to democracy
In recent years, one of the standard talking points of the political left in both Israel and the United States has been to state their fears about an alleged war on democracy being waged by their political rivals. In the United States, the claim that Republicans were "semi-fascists" and bigots who had to be defeated in order to save democracy was a rallying cry for Democrats in the 2022 midterm elections. In Israel, in the past three months, hundreds of thousands of opponents of Netanyahu have also been employing the same kind of hyperbole about saving democracy. They believe that the stakes are sufficiently high to justify blocking highways and sabotaging their country's economy and national defense purportedly to stop judicial reform legislation, but whose main purpose appears to be toppling the government.
The arguments in favor of their opposition to judicial reform don't stand up to scrutiny and, when stripped down to their essentials, amount to a belief on the part of many Israelis that the nationalist and religious voters who favor Netanyahu and his allies can't be allowed to govern. That is why even people like opposition leader Yair Lapid and others in his camp — once ardent critics of the out-of-control and essentially lawless Israeli Supreme Court — now oppose judicial reform.
The claims of Democrats that Republicans oppose democracy because of differences over voter integrity laws are just as lacking in substance. Trump may be deserving of criticism for not accepting the legitimacy of election results, yet the willingness of Democrats to shamelessly sabotage his administration with conspiracy theories about Russian collusion, and to use their media and Big Tech allies to silence negative stories about the Biden family corruption in 2020, shows that they are just as guilty of behaving badly in pursuit of political power.
That's why we should ignore the claims that the defense of democracy requires political prosecutions.
On the contrary, the willingness of so much of the chattering classes to justify attempts to jail political opponents is antithetical to the survival of democracy in both countries. Contrary to the claims of their detractors, the legal wars against Trump and Netanyahu are not a matter of demonstrating that no one, no matter how powerful, is above the law. In fact, both men are being treated as if they are below the law.
Such prosecutions only serve to undermine public confidence in the justice system. They convince supporters of those charged that there is a two-tiered system where political foes not favored by the legal apparatus are treated differently.
No matter what they think of the two men, Israelis and Americans who care about preserving democracy should be hoping that the cases against Trump and Netanyahu end as quickly as possible with neither man being convicted. The alternative is a scenario in which democracy, which relies on both sides accepting each other's legitimacy, is in real jeopardy of failing. The real threat to it doesn't come from conservatives in either country. It can be found in a political culture that has been embraced by the left that is willing to stop at nothing to crush opponents.
*Jonathan S. Tobin is editor-in-chief of JNS (Jewish News Syndicate).
© 2023 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

British travel chaos a result of ill-conceived Brexit

Mohamed Chebaro/Arab News/April 05/2023
A tired country needs a vacation, but even that seems problematic for British holidaymakers trapped in lengthy queues while trying to cross to mainland Europe through the port of Dover. After months of strikes, by train drivers, health workers, border control officers, teachers, and others, the year’s greatest getaway period for the British has been dampened by heavy traffic and passport-processing delays by French authorities. “Oui, blame the French,” as this, too, has nothing to do with Brexit, of course.
Months of shortages, the ballooning cost of living, inflation and high energy prices did not deter those who managed to save enough to escape the country with their children during the two-week spring break, but who found themselves waiting helplessly in queues, a frequent feature of cross-Channel travel since Britain’s exit from the EU. Britain in 2016 voted to “take back control” and extract itself from the EU, the UK's closest trading partner and neighbor, in pursuit of the myth of a “global Britain,” free from the shackles and constraints of European regulation. The British were led to believe that they would be free to strike deals with nations as far away as Australia and Colombia, creating a “Singapore on Thames” business and trading hub that would be the envy of all 27 members of the European bloc. So far the UK has signed trade deals in principle with 71 countries and one with the EU. However, these are simply “rollover” deals, with copied terms of agreements the UK had when it was a member of the EU. Last week, Britain became the first new member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, or CPTPP, since the group was created in 2018. This development fulfills a key Brexit pledge that once outside the EU, the UK could capitalize on joining blocs with faster-growing economies than those closer to home. Nevertheless, the expected cumulative impact of this deal in the long term is no more than 0.08 percent of gross domestic product, compared with the clear 4 percent the UK has lost from its economy as a result of leaving the EU.
The sooner the effects of Brexit are taken seriously by leading ministers, the sooner its negative impact can be addressed. Since Britain left the EU single market in 2021, it has been trying to strike bilateral deals to boost its international trade and flagging economy. Now, it has beaten even China, which applied to join in 2021, for a place at the CPTPP table, joining global players such as Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam. However, King’s College, London economist Jonathan Portes noted that the CPTPP was not a “deep multilateral agreement,” and might prove a mere geostrategic step, while its impact in lowering trade barriers would be “quite small” compared with its predecessor with the EU, or even highly prized pacts expected with the US or India.
Ignoring comments in the British media describing Conservative government officials as “delusional” for blaming the holiday misery in Dover on poor weather, the fact is that while the UK has been out of the EU since Jan. 31, 2020, the agreed transition period has meant that until recently there has been no need to stamp passports. An end to freedom of movement means passports need to be scanned and stamped, and that surely takes more time for every traveler crossing to the EU or back.
Brexiteer ministers of the UK government surely know that. A statement by Downing Street on the queues at Dover shows that at last some sense of reason is finally appearing, with Brexit mentioned by the spokesperson as a key factor in the Easter travel chaos.
The sooner the effects of Brexit are taken seriously by leading ministers, the sooner its negative impact on farming, fishing, manufacturing, investment, supply chains, lack of skilled labor and, of course, travel, can be addressed.
• Mohamed Chebaro is a British-Lebanese journalist, media consultant and trainer with more than 25 years of experience covering war, terrorism, defense, current affairs and diplomacy.

Canada’s immigration policy benefits all, nationally and globally
Tala Jarjour/Arab News/April 05, 2023
The bodies of eight people who died while trying to cross from Canada into the US were recovered near the border area last week, while the bodies of four other victims were found elsewhere in January. According to the BBC, 367 people were stopped from making illegal crossings by the US Border Patrol in January alone, the largest number apprehended in the past 12 years. These events are prompting questions and, in some cases, multinational investigations.
Canada has a reputation for being more welcoming to immigrants than its southern neighbor, and a record 40,000 people are believed to have entered the country last year from the US through unofficial routes. In response, Canada has announced a new program to accept 15,000 immigrants from Latin American countries. Canadian government statistics show that the country’s population has increased by a million, primarily as a result of its efforts to address labor shortages by accepting large numbers of immigrants. Almost 96 percent of this increase comes from international immigration, which Canada also hopes will help address the problem of its aging population. An increased immigrant intake has been part of Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s policy since his election.
In recent years, Canada has been particularly open to immigration from crisis-stricken countries, such as Afghanistan, where the humanitarian situation has been deteriorating. More recently, an increase in immigration from Syria has been announced following the devastating earthquake in early February. Syria has long benefited from Canada’s immigration policy. As well as individual asylum applications that were processed in temporary refugee stations during the Syrian conflict, Canada opened direct immigration routes to Syrians. At one point, the host country flew over twice the number it had initially invited after opening a waiting list to bring people out of the war zone. While critics say that some parts of Canada face a shortage of housing and other resources that might complicate accepting new immigrants, Canada as a whole can absorb large numbers. The recent increase has brought its population to almost 40 million, which occupies one of the largest national territories on the planet, but is almost half the population of the UK, a much smaller country.
The current 2.7 percent population growth rate is the country’s highest since 1957 and the fastest among the G7. Canada also has the highest ratio of immigrants in the population, or one in four. Compare this to the US and UK, where about 14 percent of the population arrived as immigrants. But its ambition goes further. Consistent with the government’s projected growth, immigration currently accounts for almost all of Canada’s labor force growth.
In one year, Canada has already achieved two-thirds of the three-year target it set itself in 2022: To bring in 1.5 million immigrants by 2025. While a controversial plan by some measures, this policy is a continuation of Canada’s immigration ethos, which combines humanitarian considerations with attracting skill and young talent. Consistent with the government’s projected growth, especially in relation to challenges in the labor market, immigration currently accounts for almost all of Canada’s labor force growth. What is more, immigration is likely to be the main source of population growth by 2032.
For aspiring immigrants from Middle Eastern countries, such as Syria and Lebanon, Canada has operated a points-based immigration system for decades, attracting young, ambitious and bright individuals, along with their families. Canada was already home to significant communities from both countries when conflict erupted in Syria. During the war years, and through targeted humanitarian schemes, hundreds more were resettled across many provinces. Rescue schemes brought over extended families from particularly difficult areas, fast-tracking their integration and document processing. Students were quickly enrolled in schools, and individual efforts were soon rewarded by university acceptances, degrees and employment opportunities. Many lives were dramatically changed in the course of five years.
A large number of these new citizens and permanent residents are now economically productive. This is important not only because it fulfills the country’s goals in meeting its labor challenges. With the deteriorating economy in Lebanon and the scarcity of resources in Syria, immigrant remittances are proving vital lifelines to a significant part of the populations in both countries. According to the International Organization for Migration, remittances to Lebanon in 2021 totaled $6.6 billion. Now, with a decline in aid pledges by several countries, Syrian and Lebanese immigrants are effectively taking on part of the international burden of providing basic sustenance to these populations.
In the current global economic climate, aiding — rather than blocking immigration — is the smarter policy for all involved. Whether they have attempted to walk in subzero temperatures or were abandoned by a smuggler on a boat, people who come knocking at a rich country’s doors are not a burden. In the long term, immigrants are an asset to the host country’s internal economy as well as its global obligations.
• Tala Jarjour, Ph.D. (Cantab), is the author of “Sense and Sadness: Syriac Chant in Aleppo.” She is Visiting Research Fellow at King’s College London and Associate Fellow at the Yale College.