LCCC 
ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN
April 10/2018 
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias 
Bejjani
 
The Bulletin's Link on the 
lccc Site
http://data.eliasbejjaninews.com/newselias18/english.april10.18.htm
 
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	Bible 
	Quotations
	Extreme poverty have overflowed in a wealth of 
	generosity on their part.
	Second Letter to the Corinthians 08/01-09/: "We want you to know, brothers 
	and sisters, about the grace of God that has been granted to the churches of 
	Macedonia; for during a severe ordeal of affliction, their abundant joy and 
	their extreme poverty have overflowed in a wealth of generosity on their 
	part. For, as I can testify, they voluntarily gave according to their means, 
	and even beyond their means, begging us earnestly for the privilege of 
	sharing in this ministry to the saints and this, not merely as we expected; 
	they gave themselves first to the Lord and, by the will of God, to us, so 
	that we might urge Titus that, as he had already made a beginning, so he 
	should also complete this generous undertaking among you. Now as you excel 
	in everything in faith, in speech, in knowledge, in utmost eagerness, and in 
	our love for you so we want you to excel also in this generous undertaking. 
	I do not say this as a command, but I am testing the genuineness of your 
	love against the earnestness of others. For you know the generous act of our 
	Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became 
	poor, so that by his poverty you might become rich."
	
	Titles For 
	Latest LCCC Bulletin analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources 
	published on April 09-10/18
	Now is the time to hit Assad hard, 
	not withdraw/Faisal J. Abbas/Arab News/April 09/18
	Iran’s sophisticated interventions in Bahrain/Dr. Majid Rafizadeh/Arab 
	News/April 09/18
	Egyptian economy torn between thinkers and doers/Mohammed Nosseir/Arab 
	News/April 09/18
	Time to curb the ‘devil of Damascus’/Siraj Wahab/Arab News/April 09/18
	Europe's Civilizational Exhaustion/Giulio Meotti/Gatestone Institute/April 
	09/18 
	Iran's Nobel Laureate is Done with Reform. She Wants Regime Change/Eli 
	Lake/Bloomberg/April, 09/18 
	Save Your Grandchildren, Don’t Avenge Your Ancestors/Ghassan Charbel/Asharq 
	Al Awsat/April 09/18
	Spies Tracking Our Phones? Don't Be So Shocked/Stephen Carter/Bloomberg 
	View/April 09, 2018/
	
	
	
	Titles For Latest LCCC Lebanese Related News published on April 09-10/18
	Aoun Says Relations with Saudi Arabia 
	Back to Normal
	Report: CEDRE Auditor Says Lebanon Troubled with 'Corruption'
	Army Says Israeli Warplanes Breach Lebanese Airspace
	3 Days of Israeli Overflights Spark Concern in Akkar, Baalbek-Hermel
	Israel Resumes Cement Wall Construction along Lebanon Border
	Salameh: Keserwan Will Not Provide 
	Cover for Your Illegitimate Arms
	Hariri: Certain electoral lists in Beirut carry the motto of Martyr Hariri 
	with the aim of dispersing votes in favor of Hezbollah
	Saudi Culture Minister announces his country's participation in Cannes Film 
	Festival
	Khalifeh presides over Liver and Pancreas Diseases Conference
	Intensive enemy flights over Nabatieh, Iqlim alTuffah
	Geagea calls on Security Council to end war in Syria
	Berri, Steininger meet in Ein Tineh
 
	
	
	Titles For Latest 
	LCCC Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published on April 09-10/18
	France Says Did Not Bomb Syrian Air 
	Base
	Trump Says 'Major Decisions' Coming on Syria in '24-48 Hours'
	U.S. Asks U.N. Council to Set Up New Syria Chemical Attacks Probe
	'I Don't Rule Anything Out', Says Mattis on Syria Military Action
	Iran's Rouhani Says US 'Will Regret It' If It Violates Nuke Deal
	Syria Accuses Israel of Striking Military Airport
	Iranians Reportedly Among 14 Dead in Syria Missile Strike, Israel Blamed
	OPCW Probes Douma Chemical Attack as West Works on Response
	Canada condemns reported chemical attack in eastern Ghouta
	Russian military: Israeli war planes carried out Syria strikes
	UK urges ‘strong’ response to alleged Syria chemical attack
	Moscow says will support companies hit by new US sanctions: agencies
	Saudi crown prince meets French PM in Paris
	Students, Teachers Rush Back to Class in Deir Ezzor
	Iranian Rial in a Downward Spiral as Fear Rises on Return of Sanctions
	Israel Strikes Gaza as ICC Says War Crimes May be Prosecuted
	Egyptian Army Says it Killed 4 Takfiris in Sinai
	Leading Muslim Brotherhood Figure Becomes Head of Libya’s HCS
	 
	
	Latest 
	Lebanese Related News published
	on April 09-10/18
	Aoun Says Relations 
	with Saudi Arabia Back to Normal
	Beirut - Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018/Lebanese President Michel 
	Aoun has stressed that relations with Saudi Arabia were back to normal, 
	saying the funds and loans secured by Lebanon at the CEDRE conference held 
	in Paris last week will help the country’s economy. In a meeting with 
	journalists from several French news outlets on Sunday, Aoun said that the 
	Saudi contribution at the CEDRE conference is a sign of rapprochement 
	between the two countries. “We now have bigger confidence in relations with 
	Saudi Arabia because they are back to normal,” the president told the 
	reporters at Baabda Palace. Asked about promises made by Lebanon to carry 
	out reforms, he said the country can overcome some difficulties in the 
	implementation of projects. “As for fighting corruption, it is much more 
	difficult because it spans several sectors,” Aoun stated. “Some influential 
	figures continue to protect corrupt individuals. So at first those involved 
	in corruption should be held accountable.”International donors pledged on 
	Friday more than $11 billion in low-interest loans and aid for Lebanon at 
	the Paris conference. Lebanon for its part promised a string of reforms 
	including tougher measures to fight corruption.  The conference was 
	aimed at giving Lebanon a boost as it prepares for its first general 
	elections in almost a decade in May. Aoun stressed that the parliament would 
	witness changes during next month’s elections because the new electoral law 
	allows both the minority and the majority to be represented. Asked about 
	repeated calls made by Lebanese officials for the return of Syrian refugees 
	to their home country, the president said that the displaced can go back to 
	Syria after military confrontations have been limited to small pockets. 
	“Bashar Assad is currently the president of his country,” Aoun said. “We 
	must engage with the existing government - we have no other option,” he 
	stated, responding to a question about Assad’s political future.
	 
	Report: CEDRE Auditor 
	Says Lebanon Troubled with 'Corruption'
	Naharnet/April 09/18/An official French auditor of the Paris I, II and III 
	conferences on Lebanon, who also took part in the latest CEDRE conference, 
	said Lebanon is plagued with “unprecedented corruption” describing its 
	public debt as a “cancerous situation,” the Kuwaiti al-Anbaa daily reported 
	on Monday. The daily quoted the auditor, whose remarks were leaked, who said 
	the preparatory committee for CEDRE Conference asked him, as a 
	representative of the IMF, to give it his trust. But he replied saying “I 
	find it difficult to give you the blind trust, noting that this is the first 
	time in French history that the French government is setting up an 
	international donation platform a few days before the general elections in 
	the recipient country.”“There is unprecedented corruption in Lebanon,” he 
	said.
	Since 1999, France has provided “in vain” the Lebanese government with the 
	necessary recommendations to reduce public debt compared to other countries. 
	“No better description of this situation than a cancerous situation,” the 
	observer noted. “I worked in Tanzania, Botswana, Nigeria and Ivory Coast, as 
	well as in 25 other African countries, and found that the only country close 
	to Lebanon was Botswana, and to a lesser extent Zimbabwe, despite the 
	intellectual and cultural capabilities in Lebanon today,” he stated.
	
	Army Says Israeli Warplanes Breach Lebanese Airspace
	Naharnet/April 09/18/The Army Command-Orientation Directorate said on Monday 
	that four Israeli warplanes have breached Lebanon's airspace.
	According to the army’s statement, the warplanes violated the Lebanese 
	airspace at 3:25 a.m. flying over the sea to the west of Jounieh, adding 
	that they had flown east over the city of Baalbek and then left the 
	country’s airspace at 3:35 a.m.
	Syrian state media had said that a number of missiles have struck Monday at 
	dawn the Tayfur airport base in the central province of Homs killing and 
	wounding several. Lebanon’s airspace and territorial waters have been 
	constantly breached by Israeli enemy.
	
	3 Days of Israeli Overflights Spark Concern in Akkar, 
	Baalbek-Hermel
	Naharnet/April 09/18/Israeli spy drones overflew the Akkar and Baalbek-Hermel 
	provinces for a third consecutive day on Sunday, sparking concerns among 
	residents, the National News Agency said. “For three days now, Israeli 
	reconnaissance drones have been flying round-the-clock at medium altitude 
	over the overlapping mountainous regions between the Akkar and Baalbek-Hermel 
	provinces,” NNA said.
	“The ceaseless hovering sounds are irritating the residents of the 
	mountainous villages and towns,” the agency added. Defense Minister Yaacoub 
	Sarraf, who hails from Akkar, meanwhile strongly condemned what he called 
	“Israel's blatant insolence represented in its continuous violation of all 
	international conventions.”Israel “is seeking to sabotage security and 
	stability in Lebanon through all means,” Sarraf warned. He said the Israeli 
	overflights are “condemned and rejected,” holding the Israeli government 
	responsible for “any hostile act it may commit against any Lebanese 
	region.”The minister also called on the international community to “stand by 
	Lebanon to rein in the Israeli arrogance,” cautioning that Israel's actions 
	“contradict with and threaten all international efforts to protect this 
	stability” in Lebanon.
	
	Israel Resumes Cement Wall Construction along Lebanon Border
	Naharnet/April 09/18/Israel has resumed the construction of a controversial 
	cement separation wall between Lebanon's southern border and occupied 
	Palestine amid tight Lebanese and Israeli security measures, the National 
	News Agency reported Monday. NNA said the construction was taking place on 
	“non-conflict” border zones near Kfarkila-Oudaish highway in Marjayoun. On 
	Sunday, Israel had placed 24 cement blocks, each 6m long and 1.2m wide. It 
	stopped building works in the afternoon before resuming it Monday. New 
	threats emerged between Lebanon and Israel over several issues, including 
	the wall the Jewish state is building along the border that Beirut says may 
	jut into Lebanese territories, as well as plans for oil and gas exploration 
	in the Mediterranean.
	
	Salameh: Keserwan Will Not Provide Cover for Your Illegitimate Arms
	Kataeb.org/ Monday 09th April 2018/Members of the "Decision Is Ours" list, 
	which is backed by the Kataeb party in the Keserwan-Jbeil district, on 
	Monday put forth their programs and aspirations, as they urged change in the 
	upcoming parliamentary polls. The slate line-up includes the Kataeb's 
	candidate Chaker Salameh, former Minister Farid Haykal Khazen, Yolande 
	Khoury, as well as MPs Gilberte Zouein and Youssef Khalil who are all 
	running for the Maronite seats in Keserwan. In Jbeil, former MP Fares Souaid 
	and Jean Hawwat are running for the Maronite seats, whereas Mustapha Al-Husseini 
	is the list's candidate for the Shiite seat. Kataeb's candidate in Keserwan 
	Chaker Salameh said that the "Decision Is Ours" list is sending a stern 
	message to all the strangers who use the Maronites' stronghold to enter 
	politics, adding that Keserwan does not deserve to be a waste dump. "Keserwan 
	will not provide a cover for your illegitimate arms. Those who couldn't 
	infiltrate into this area throughout history, will not be allowed to do so 
	today," he affirmed.
	“Our electoral battle has become all about ethics as we are standing against 
	partitioning and shady deals being sealed at the expense of Keserwan,” 
	Salameh asserted. “We are standing in the face of those who abused our trust 
	and failed to honor their pledges.”“Let's work hand in hand so that we would 
	become the majority and let them stand alone. Be the pulse of revolution and 
	change,” Salameh addressed voters. Former Minister Farid Haykal Khazen 
	stressed that the dignity of the voters in Keserwan and Jbeil cannot be 
	bought by anyone, saying that it is time to make the change that all the 
	Lebanese are aspiring for. “After 9 years, we can firmly say that today we 
	have a chance to renew the political class by holding to account those who 
	failed to assume their responsibilities and assign the task to those who 
	stood by the people and shared their concerns,” Khazen said.
	“There's a chance to clean our area from pollution, improve roads, boost 
	development, as well as to protect workers, farmers, students and teachers. 
	There is a chance to solve traffic congestion ordeal after so many promises 
	had been reneged on over the past 13 years."
	“This is the list of honorable people who have stood by your side when the 
	state abandoned you,” he said. “You hold the decision against those who 
	confiscated your choice. You hold the decision against corruption, shady 
	deals, and unjust enrichment," Khazen stressed. “The decision will be ours 
	once you decide to build a country of civilization and accountability, 
	rather than a state of brokers and partitioning; a reformist state, not one 
	where we vainly speak about reforms."
	Veteran TV presenter and journalist Yolande Khoury blasted those responsible 
	for plundering Lebanon and turning it into a country that is on the verge of 
	bankruptcy and collapse, deploring the outrageous level of corruption 
	plaguing the state institutions as the public debt is reaching an alarming 
	number.
	“I am not running for the polls so as to achieve personal gains or reach 
	more fame, but to stand in the face of those who impoverished this country 
	and its people," she stressed. MP Gilberte Zouein pledged to work on 
	building the state where justice would prevail, vowing to defend the rights 
	of women and children as well as to establish developmental projects in 
	Keserwan. “The law cannot be enforced without an independent judicial 
	authority. It is time to focus all efforts on that matter in order to make a 
	real change,” Zouein said. MP Youssef Khalil, who is also running for 
	another term, couldn't attend the event because he had undergone a surgery. 
	Former MP Fares Souaid outlined the guidelines agreed on by all the list's 
	candidates, stressing full commitment to the Constitution and unwavering 
	determination to enforce the state’s sovereignty on all the Lebanese 
	territory by according a full power to the army and security forces only.
	The candidates also agreed on the need to adopt administrative 
	decentralization, as well as to fight corruption and squandering in defense 
	of the citizens' rights.
	The second candidate for the Maronite seat in Jbeil, Jean Hawwat, called for 
	building a civil state that fully abides by the Constitution, adding that 
	politicians must all remain in the service of the citizens. “We have the 
	required knowledge, experience, wisdom and determination to move forward, 
	improve and protect this country and its values,” Hawwat affirmed.For his 
	part, the candidate for the Shiite seat in Jbeil, Mustapha Al-Husseini, said 
	that it is time to draw an end to the rift and discord that the district's 
	representatives had sown among people, adding that parliamentary seats are 
	intended to fortify coexistence, not dashing it.
	
	Hariri: Certain electoral lists in Beirut carry the 
	motto of Martyr Hariri with the aim of dispersing votes in favor of 
	Hezbollah
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - Prime Minister Saad Hariri indicated 
	Monday that certain competitive electoral lists are carrying the motto of 
	Martyr PM Rafic Hariri with the actual aim of scattering the votes in favor 
	of Hezbollah's list, and seizing the decision of Beirut. Speaking at a 
	brunch organized by the "Great Salaheddine" Association this morning, in 
	presence of a crowd of Beiruti families and members of the Future electoral 
	list, Hariri said, "I am sure that with your heavy voting for the Future 
	Movement, their plans and projects will fail." Hariri called for a high 
	turnout in the forthcoming parliamentary elecitons, saying, "As you know, 
	these elections will be held on the basis of the new vote law...It is the 
	duty of each and every one of you to vote and not to be complacent and 
	lenient." "The more you raise the voting turnout, the more you maintain 
	Beirut's decision," stressed Hariri. "I have always focused on maintaining 
	stability, and at the same time seeking to advance the economic situation," 
	he went on. "In this context, we embarked on the Cedar Conference which will 
	now create employment opportunities for young men and women, if implemented 
	properly, and there would be a large share for Beirut...We will accord 
	utmost attention to the capital's needs," Hariri concluded. 
	
	Saudi Culture Minister announces his country's 
	participation in Cannes Film Festival
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - Saudi Arabia will officially partake 
	for the first time in the Cannes Film Festival by presenting a series of 
	short films at the Festival opening next month in southern France, Saudi 
	Culture Minister Awad bin Saleh Al-Awad said. 
	
	Khalifeh presides over Liver and Pancreas Diseases 
	Conference
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - The Founding Conference on Diseases and 
	Surgery of the Liver and Pancreas in the Middle East and North Africa ended 
	its work sessions on Monday, with focus pinned on a comprehensive plan to 
	develop research, exchange expertise and update educational programs within 
	said field. Distinguished Arab and international scientific figures took 
	part in the Conference, endorsing its presidency to Lebanese Professor, Dr. 
	Mohamed Jawad Khalifeh. It is worth mentioning that Beirut will witness the 
	convening of said Conference in 2020, with anticipated wide Arab and 
	international presence. 
	
	Intensive enemy flights over Nabatieh, Iqlim alTuffah
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - Israeli warplanes have been effecting 
	intensive high-altitude over-flights covering the regions of Nabatieh and 
	Iqlim al-Tuffah throughout this afternoon, NNA correspondent in Nabatieh 
	reported. 
	
	Geagea calls on Security Council to end war in Syria
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - Lebanese Forces Leader, Samir Geagea, 
	called on the Security Council to put an end to the Syrian military 
	operations. "I ask the Security Council to abandon their narrow interests 
	and take a historic decision under Chapter VII to stop all the military 
	operations in Syria, in order to carry out the desired political transition 
	after all that happened," Geagea said in statement on Monday. He appealed to 
	"the permanent members of the Security Council to feel the magnitude of the 
	human tragedy witnessed in Syria for seven years now, which has cost more 
	than half a million lives, millions of displaced people and humanitarian 
	tragedies reminiscent of the global wars." "Dealing with the Syrian crisis 
	through television screens and political stances does not commensurate with 
	the ongoing tragedy," Geagea concluded. 
	
	Berri, Steininger meet in Ein Tineh
	Mon 09 Apr 2018/NNA - House Speaker Nabih Berri on Monday met with Special 
	Coordinator-Peace Policy in Middle-East & North Africa at Swiss Federal 
	Department of Foreign Affairs Roland Steininger, with talks reportedly 
	dwelling on the current developments in Lebanon and the region. The meeting 
	took place in presence of Swiss Ambassador to Lebanon, Monika Schmutz Kirgِz. 
	
	
	
	Latest LCCC 
	Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published 
	on April 09-10/18
	France Says Did Not 
	Bomb Syrian Air Base
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 
	09/18/France did not carry out a missile strike on a Syrian government air 
	base early Monday that reportedly killed several people, the French army 
	said. "It was not us," armed forces spokesman Colonel Patrik Steiger told 
	AFP. The US also denied staging the strike. Syrian state news agency SANA 
	said the Tayfur air base was hit by "several missiles" that left a number of 
	dead and wounded, without giving exact casualty numbers. The Syrian 
	Observatory for Human Rights, a Britain-based war monitor, said "at least 14 
	fighters" were killed, including Iranian forces allied to the regime of 
	President Bashar al-Assad. The assault came after the US and France vowed a 
	"strong, joint response" to a suspected chemical attack at the weekend that 
	left dozens dead in Syria's rebel-held town of Douma. In a phone call Sunday 
	US President Donald Trump and his French counterpart Emmanuel Macron 
	condemned the "horrific" attack and said the Assad regime "must be held 
	accountable for its continued human rights abuses," according to the White 
	House.
	 
	Trump Says 'Major 
	Decisions' Coming on Syria in '24-48 Hours'
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 09/18/U.S. President Donald Trump said 
	Monday that "major decisions" would be made on a Syria response in the next 
	day or two, after warning that Damascus would have a "big price to pay" over 
	an alleged chemical attack on a rebel-held town. Trump condemned what he 
	called a "heinous attack on innocent" Syrians in Douma, as he opened a 
	cabinet meeting at the White House. The suspected gas attack left dozens 
	dead, according to rescuers and medics. Syria and its ally Russia have 
	denied any use of chemical weapons. "This is about humanity -- it can't be 
	allowed to happen," Trump said, adding that decisions would come in the 
	"next 24-48 hours."
	
	U.S. Asks U.N. Council to Set Up New Syria Chemical Attacks Probe
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 09/18/The United States on Monday asked 
	the U.N. Security Council to set up a new independent inquiry of chemical 
	weapons attacks in Syria following alleged toxic gas use in a rebel-held 
	town that killed at least 48 people. Washington circulated a draft 
	resolution to the council that would establish the U.N. panel to identify 
	those responsible for poisonous chemicals attacks, according to the text 
	obtained by AFP. Nine countries including the United States have called for 
	an emergency meeting on Syria that will begin at 3:00 pm (1900 GMT) to 
	discuss a response to the attack in Douma. Rescuers and medics in Douma say 
	at least 48 people died after a "poisonous chlorine gas attack" late on 
	Saturday in Douma, the last rebel-held pocket of Eastern Ghouta. The 
	proposed U.S. measure was similar to one presented by the United States in 
	March, which Russia then rejected, and it remained unlikely that the new 
	text would win Moscow's support. The renewed U.S. push to establish the 
	United Nations Independent Mechanism of Investigation (UNIMI) comes after 
	Russia killed off a previous U.N.-led probe in November by vetoing the 
	renewal of its mandate.
	Under the current draft resolution, UNIMI would be established for one year 
	and work with the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) 
	to identify perpetrators of the chemical attacks. The council would ask U.N. 
	Secretary-General Antonio Guterres to outline within 30 days the operation 
	of the panel "based on the principles of impartiality, independence and 
	professionalism," according to the draft text. In January, Russia presented 
	its own draft resolution setting up a new panel, but Western powers said 
	Moscow's proposal would give the Syrian government an upper hand over any 
	investigation of attacks on its territory. As the United States pushed for a 
	new U.N. inquiry, U.S. Defence Secretary Jim Matthis warned that Washington 
	does not "rule out anything", suggesting military action was possible in 
	response to the alleged chemical attack.
	President Donald Trump -- who last year launched a missile strike on a 
	regime base after another alleged chemical attack -- warned after the latest 
	accusations that there would be a "big price to pay." Russia and Syria have 
	denied using chemical weapons.
	
	'I Don't Rule Anything Out', Says Mattis on Syria 
	Military Action
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 09/18/U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis 
	on Monday pointed toward Russia's role in a suspected poison gas attack on 
	the Syrian rebel-held town of Douma, and said he would not rule out a 
	military response. Russia was supposed to guarantee the disposal of Syria's 
	stockpile of chemical weapons in September 2013, but President Bashar 
	al-Assad's regime is suspected of conducting repeated gas attacks since 
	then. "The first thing we have to look at is why are chemical weapons still 
	being used at all when Russia was the framework guarantor of removing all 
	the chemical weapons," Mattis said at the Pentagon in a meeting with his 
	Qatari counterpart. "Working with our allies and our partners from NATO to 
	Qatar and elsewhere, we are going to address this issue ... I don't rule out 
	anything right now." Syria has been accused multiple times of using toxic 
	weapons including sarin gas in the country's seven-year war, which has 
	killed more than 350,000 people. Backed by Moscow, Assad has waged a 
	seven-week assault on Ghouta that has killed more than 1,700 civilians and 
	left Islamist rebels cornered in their last holdout of Douma, Ghouta's 
	largest town. Dozens of people died April 4, 2017 after regime warplanes 
	struck the rebel-held town of Khan Sheikhun in Idlib, with medical sources 
	reporting patients suffering from symptoms consistent with a chemical 
	attack. In retaliation for that attack, U.S. President Donald Trump 
	unleashed strikes by Tomahawk missiles against the regime's Shayrat airbase 
	overnight April 6-7.
	
	Iran's Rouhani Says US 'Will Regret It' If It Violates Nuke Deal
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 09/18/Iranian President Hassan Rouhani 
	said Monday that the United States would regret violating the nuclear deal, 
	and that Iran would respond in "less than a week" if that happened. "We will 
	not be the first to violate the accord but they should definitely know that 
	they will regret it if they violate it," Rouhani told a conference to mark 
	National Nuclear Technology Day in Tehran. "We are much more prepared than 
	they think, and they will see that if they violate this accord, within a 
	week, less than a week, they will see the result."
	
	Syria Accuses Israel of Striking Military Airport
	Agence France Presse/Naharnet/April 09/18/Syria accused Israel on Monday of 
	carrying out deadly bombing raids on a military airbase in the country's 
	centre, state news agency SANA reported. "The Israeli attack on the T-4 
	airport was carried out with F-15 aircraft that fired several missiles from 
	above Lebanese territory," SANA said, citing a military source. It had 
	reported just before dawn that "several missiles" had hit T-4, which lies in 
	central Syria and is also known as the Tiyas air base. A military 
	spokeswoman for Israel declined to comment on Monday. SANA had initially 
	reported the strike as a "suspected US attack" but later withdrew all 
	references to the United States. It said the attack had left dead and 
	wounded but did not give casualty figures. The Syrian Observatory for Human 
	Rights, which monitors the country's conflict, said 14 fighters had been 
	killed, including at least three Syrian officers and Iranian forces. Forces 
	from regime backers Russia and Iran, as well as fighters from the Lebanese 
	Hezbollah militia, are known to have a presence at the base, said 
	Observatory chief Rami Abdel Rahman. Israel has repeatedly warned it will 
	not accept its arch-foe Tehran entrenching itself militarily in Syria and 
	has bombed Iranian targets there. In February, it accused Iranian forces at 
	the T-4 base of sending a drone into Israeli territory. After bombing 
	Iranian units in Syria in retaliation, an Israel F-16 was shot down by 
	Syrian anti-aircraft fire in one of the conflict's most notable escalations. 
	Israel then carried out what it called "large-scale" raids on Syrian air 
	defence systems and Iranian targets, which reportedly included T-4. 
 
	Iranians Reportedly 
	Among 14 Dead in Syria Missile Strike, Israel Blamed
	Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 
	9 April, 2018/Russia and Syrian forces blamed Israel for a pre-dawn attack 
	Monday on the Tayfur air base in central Syria, saying Israeli fighter jets 
	launched missiles from Lebanon's airspace, reportedly leaving 14 people, 
	including Iranians, dead. Russia's Defense Ministry said two Israeli 
	aircraft targeted the T4 air base in Homs province, firing eight missiles. 
	It said Syria shot down five of them while the other three landed in the 
	western part of the base. Syrian regime media quoted an unnamed military 
	official as saying that Israeli F-15 warplanes fired several missiles at T4. 
	It gave no further details. Israel's foreign ministry had no comment when 
	asked about the accusations. Since 2012, Israel has struck inside Syria some 
	100 times, hitting suspected weapons' convoys destined for Lebanon's 
	Iran-backed “Hezbollah,” which has been fighting alongside Syrian regime 
	forces. Most recently, Israel hit the same T4 base in February, after it 
	said an Iranian drone that had violated Israeli airspace took off from the 
	base. Earlier on Monday, Syria's regime media said the attack was likely "an 
	American aggression," but the Pentagon said the United States had not 
	launched the strikes. France also denied that it had carried out such an 
	attack. The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said 14 died, 
	including Iranians and also three Syrian officers. Rami Abdurrahman, the 
	Observatory's chief, said the assault targeted a mobile air defense unit and 
	some buildings inside the air base. He added that it also hit posts outside 
	the base used by the Iranians and Iran-backed fighters. The missile attack 
	followed a suspected poison gas attack on Saturday on the last remaining 
	foothold for Syrian rebels in the eastern suburbs of Damascus. At least 40 
	people were killed in the assault on Douma, including families found in 
	their homes and shelters, opposition activists and local rescuers said.
	 
	OPCW Probes Douma 
	Chemical Attack as West Works on Response
	Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018 /The Organization for the Prohibition 
	of Chemical Weapons is investigating reports of a suspected chemical weapons 
	attack on the Syrian rebel-held town of Douma, its head said Monday as the 
	United States and European countries blamed the regime of Bashar Assad.
	The organization "made a preliminary analysis of the reports of the alleged 
	use of chemical weapons immediately after they were issued," said director 
	general Ahmet Uzumcu. More information was being gathered "to establish 
	whether chemical weapons were used," he added. The suspected chemical 
	attacks over the weekend killed at least 60 people and wounded more than 
	1,000, a Syria medical relief group said on Monday. The death toll is likely 
	to rise, according to the Union of Medical Care Organizations, a coalition 
	of international aid agencies that funds hospitals in Syria and which is 
	partly based in Paris. "The numbers keep rising as relief workers struggle 
	to gain access to the subterranean areas where gas has entered and hundreds 
	of families had sought refuge," the group said in a statement. US President 
	Donald Trump on Sunday blamed Syrian regime forces for what he called a 
	"mindless CHEMICAL attack."
	He said there would be a "big price to pay".But Russian Foreign Minister 
	Sergei Lavrov snapped back at Trump, saying allegations that the Syrian 
	regime carried out the attack are a provocation. Russian specialists found 
	no trace of chemical attack in Douma, Lavrov said. The Russian army had 
	earlier accused Israel of carrying out deadly missile strikes on the central 
	Syrian airbase of Tayfur from Lebanon before dawn on Monday.  Lavrov 
	described the strike as a “very dangerous development.”French President 
	Emmanuel Macron and Trump agreed in a phone call that chemical weapons had 
	been used in Douma, the French presidency said in a statement early on 
	Monday. They "exchanged their information and analysis confirming the use of 
	chemical weapons," it said. "All responsibilities in this area must be 
	clearly established," added the statement. Prime Minister Theresa May's 
	spokesman also said Britain is working with its allies to agree a joint 
	response to the attack. In a separate statement, Britain's Foreign Office 
	said a full range of options should be on the table in response to the 
	attack. As for Germany, it said the circumstances pointed to the Syrian 
	regime. "The government condemns this new use of poison gas in the strongest 
	terms," German government spokesman Steffen Seibert told a news conference. 
	"The regime's actions are abhorrent.""Those responsible for the use of 
	poison gas ... must be held to account," he added. "With this use of poison 
	gas, the circumstances point to Assad regime's responsibility." The European 
	Union also squarely blamed the regime. EU spokeswoman Maja Kocijancic said 
	that over the weekend and early Monday as the reports came in of another 
	atrocity in Syria, the EU "learned from several sources" to shape its 
	conviction "that it is the Syrian regime which is responsible" when it comes 
	to the suspected chemical attack.
 
	Canada condemns 
	reported chemical attack in eastern Ghouta
	April 8, 2018 – Ottawa, Ontario - Global Affairs Canada
	The Honourable Chrystia Freeland, Minister of Foreign Affairs, today issued 
	the following statement:
	“Canada is appalled by the reported use of chemical weapons against people 
	in eastern Ghouta, in Syria, on April 7, 2018, resulting in dozens of 
	fatalities. Our hearts go out to those who have lost family and loved ones. 
	“The repeated and morally reprehensible use of chemical weapons by the Assad 
	regime in the past has been confirmed by independent international 
	investigators. It is part of a deliberate strategy to terrorize local 
	populations and force them into submission. Canada condemns the Assad 
	regime—and its backers, Russia and Iran—for its repeated, gross violations 
	of human rights and continued, deliberate targeting of civilians. “Canada 
	expresses its admiration for the medical workers and other organizations, 
	including the White Helmets, who have been working tirelessly to save the 
	lives of those affected. Our most sincere condolences go to the families of 
	the deceased. “Chemical weapons attacks are a war crime. Canada, alongside 
	its international partners, will pursue accountability for these atrocities 
	by all available means. Those responsible must be brought to justice, and 
	the massacre of innocent civilians must end.”
	
	Russian military: 
	Israeli war planes carried out Syria strikes
	Reuters/April 09, 2018/MOSCOW: The Russian military said on Monday that two 
	Israeli F-15 war planes had carried out strikes on a Syrian air base on 
	Sunday, the Interfax news agency reported. Interfax cited the Russian 
	Defence Ministry as saying the Israeli war planes had carried out the 
	strikes from Lebanese air space, and that Syrian air defence systems had 
	shot down five of eight missiles fired. Asked about the Russian statement, 
	an Israeli military spokesman said he had no immediate comment. Syrian state 
	TV said on Monday the United States was suspected of striking an air base 
	hours after US President Donald Trump warned of a "big price to pay" as aid 
	groups said dozens of people were killed by poison gas in a rebel-held town.
	
	
	UK urges ‘strong’ response to alleged Syria chemical 
	attack
	AFP/April 09, 2018/LONDON: British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson on Monday 
	called for a “strong and robust international response” to an alleged poison 
	gas attack on a rebel-held town near Damascus. Speaking with his French 
	counterpart Jean-Yves Le Drian on the phone, Johnson “underlined the urgent 
	need to investigate what had happened in Douma and to ensure a strong and 
	robust international response,” the Foreign Office said in a statement. 
	"They agreed that today's meeting of the United Nations Security Council in 
	New York would be an important next step in determining the international 
	response and that a full range of options should be on the table," it added. 
	He also said Britain was not involved in overnight air strikes on a Syrian 
	air base. Russian and Syrian military have blamed those strikes on Israeli 
	war planes. "If there is clear verified evidence of the use of chemical 
	weapons and a proposal for action where the UK would be useful, then we will 
	look at the range of options," the spokesman said. 
	
	Moscow says will support companies hit by new US 
	sanctions: agencies
	AFP/April 09, 2018/MOSCOW: Moscow will provide support for 
	Russian companies hit by fresh US sanctions, news agencies quoted the 
	country’s deputy prime minister as saying Monday.“We take great care with 
	our leading companies... In the current situation, as their position becomes 
	more difficult, we will offer them this support,” Arkady Dvorkovich was 
	quoted as saying. 
	 
	Saudi crown prince 
	meets French PM in Paris
	Arab News/April 09, 2018/DUBAI: Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed Bin 
	Salman met with France’s Prime Minister Edouard Phillippe in Paris on 
	Monday, Saudi state-news channel Al-Ekhbariya reported
	
	Students, Teachers Rush Back to Class in Deir Ezzor
	Deir Ezzor (Syria) - Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018/Since ISIS 
	militants have been ousted from eastern Syria’s Deir Ezzor city and nearby 
	territory in late 2017, teachers and pupils alike have rushed back to the 
	classroom. At 13, Mohammad al-Ragheb shyly admits that he does not know how 
	to read or write, having spent the years under ISIS rein outside of school. 
	"I should be in eighth grade now, but I wasn't able to go to school," he 
	tells AFP. He now sits excitedly in a crisp classroom, awaiting his lesson. 
	ISIS overran large swathes of Syria in 2014, with the militants opening 
	their own schools, banning music and the arts. Schoolteacher Ahlam says the 
	militants tried to recruit her to teach in one of their schools . She 
	refused, opting to teach her children in secret at home and eking out a 
	living from an orchard she tended to with her husband, an agricultural 
	engineer. "I thought there would no longer be a future for our children -- 
	no schooling, no rights," recalls Ahlam. "But thank God, the children are 
	studying, so they can at least read and write," she tells AFP, her hair 
	covered by a blue headscarf.  According to Deir Ezzor's education 
	directorate, the fighting in the region meant some 200,000 students went 
	without proper schooling for five years, with around 5,000 teachers out of 
	work. Now, the directorate says, dozens of schools have reopened and around 
	45,000 students are back in school. Some 6,000 students are also resuming 
	their studies at the Euphrates University in Deir Ezzor, capital of the 
	province of the same name. Its main buildings lie in a western part of the 
	city that remained under Syrian regime control but was under siege for years 
	by ISIS militants holding the rest. But some of the faculties -- such as 
	those of medicine and agriculture -- lie in areas that were seized by the 
	militants. Student Mona al-Nasser, now 24, was getting ready to graduate 
	when ISIS swept across the desert province in 2014.  Their advance 
	trapped her under militant reign in her hometown of Mayadeen, 50 kilometers 
	away. "All I wanted to do was study. I'm so happy to be back today, and I 
	hope those other days never return," says Nasser. Amina, 23, has traveled to 
	her class all the way from Raqqa -- more than 130 kilometers to the west. "I 
	was besieged in Raqqa for three years and could not resume my studies. I was 
	in my second year," she tells AFP. "It was a very difficult period. I tried 
	as hard as I could to leave Raqqa, but I needed a miracle."Now that Amina is 
	back in school, she has picked up where she left off as a sophomore. "It 
	feels so wonderful to be back in class, because that's what determines your 
	future in the end," she says. Even as ISIS lost its military grip on Deir 
	Ezzor, the militants left unexploded mines and sand berms all across the 
	city and its entrances, barring the way for students and residents in 
	general. Still, Umm Bilal says, home is home. "Sitting amidst the 
	destruction is beautiful, because your house is your property. No one can 
	make you leave," she says.
	
	Iranian Rial in a 
	Downward Spiral as Fear Rises on Return of Sanctions
	Tehran – Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018/The Iranian rial recorded on 
	Sunday a new drop against the dollar amid rising fears of a return of 
	economic sanctions. Three weeks from now, US President Donald Trump will be 
	presenting a final position on the nuclear deal. The failure of the nuclear 
	deal between Iran and the world powers, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of 
	Action, JCPOA, to achieve its highly expected objectives is upsetting to the 
	Iranian people. Trump said in January that “disastrous flaws” in the 
	agreement had to be fixed or Iran would face a US exit. Since last year, the 
	central bank has allowed the rial to depreciate gradually to compensate for 
	Iran’s high inflation and to help to make exports more competitive. But the 
	drop has accelerated in the past few months, creating a problem for 
	authorities who contained a wave of popular protests against economic 
	hardship and corruption in December and January. In Iran, the term toman is 
	used to refer to their currency in unofficial conversations. Each toman is 
	10 rials, therefore, the dollar is now 5,200 tomans. Khomeini is pictured on 
	the toman, just as George Washington is on the dollar. The price of the 
	dollar rose to 5,800 tomans, registering a whopping increase of 700 tomans 
	in Tehran’s banking markets. On the other hand, the dollar in black markets 
	increased 6,000 tomans, an even more dashing 14% increase within 24 hours, 
	the first increase of this size under the reformist President Hassan 
	Rouhani’s watch. Prospects are grim for a long-term picture showing that the 
	crisis deeply rooted and will not easily be resolved. No more than 21 days 
	into 2018 dollar rates rose 25 percent, recording a 1,200 increase against 
	dollar. But over the past six months, the dollar has increased by 2,200 
	tomans, equivalent to 45 percent. Since Rouhani's presidency kickoff in 
	2013, Iranian Rial rates rose up to 70 percent. Many people are using social 
	media to express their fury over what they are calling Rouhani’s campaign of 
	“deceit and lies”. Price hikes have reflected negatively on Iranians leaving 
	them lined up in long ques in front of exchange markets to secure dollars 
	amid growing doubts around the future of the economy with the threat of 
	return to sanctions. Fears of a turbulent economy resurfaced despite 
	reassurances promised by Rouhani. The government hasn’t been fixed around 
	speculations on price hikes over the past few days and said prices are 
	false, in implicit defense of the need for higher prices. Exchange rate 
	increases are expected to bring home profits for the Iranian government 
	treasury. Parliamentarians on Sunday put Economy Minister Masoud Karbasian 
	and head of the Central Bank up for questioning on the deterioration of 
	Iranian currency prices.
	
	Israel Strikes Gaza as ICC Says War Crimes May be 
	Prosecuted
	Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018/Israeli fighter jets carried out raids 
	on the Gaza Strip on Monday, a day after the prosecutor of the International 
	Criminal Court said the Palestinian territories were subject to a 
	preliminary examination by her office and she was monitoring events there 
	closely. The Israeli army said Monday that it targeted a Hamas "military 
	target" in northern Gaza. Palestinian security sources in Gaza said the 
	Israeli strikes hit a base in Jabalia belonging to Ezzedine al-Qassam 
	Brigades, Hamas' armed wing, and farmland near Beit Lahia, causing damages 
	but no injuries. The Israeli strike came a day after suspects crossed the 
	northern Gaza border fence, leaving "explosive devices" that were found by 
	the army. The border fence between the Palestinian enclave and Israel has 
	become the backdrop of mass Gaza demonstrations that lead to deadly clashes. 
	On Monday, the Gaza health ministry said Marwan Qudeih, 45, who was wounded 
	by Israeli fire east of Khan Yunis on March 30, died of his wounds. His 
	death brings the number of Palestinians killed by Israeli forces since then 
	to 31. Rights groups have harshly criticised Israeli soldiers' actions, and 
	Palestinians say protesters are being shot while posing no threat to troops. 
	On Sunday, ICC chief prosecutor Fatou Bensouda said she was opening a 
	preliminary probe to determine whether there was enough evidence to launch a 
	full-blown investigation into any alleged crimes. "Any person who incites or 
	engages in acts of violence including by ordering, requesting, encouraging 
	or contributing in any other manner to the commission of crimes within ICC's 
	jurisdiction is liable to prosecution before the Court," Bensouda said. 
	
	Egyptian Army Says it Killed 4 Takfiris in Sinai
	Cairo - Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 2018 /Egypt’s army said on Sunday 
	it killed four takfiris in Sinai and arrested over 250 wanted criminals and 
	suspects in security operations over the past few days. The air force killed 
	a number of takfiris after taregting two terrorist hideouts in north Sinai, 
	the army said in a statement. Another militant, who was found to be in 
	possession of large sums of money and illegal narcotics, was also killed, 
	said army spokesman Tamer al-Rifai. In total, more than 100 militants and at 
	least 22 soldiers have been killed since the launch of the operation "Sinai 
	2018," according to official figures. In his statement on Sunday, Rifai 
	stressed that Egyptian forces destroyed and seized 46 vehicles of different 
	types and 114 motorcycles "used by terrorists" without license plates. As 
	for the terrorist bases, the spokesman said that 386 hideouts and weapons 
	depots have been destroyed. Rifai added that the army engineering unit 
	disposed of 30 explosive devices planted to target Egyptian forces in their 
	area of operations. They also destroyed a number of tunnels in the vicinity 
	of Rafah city, while 250 wanted criminals and suspects were arrested. The 
	operations carried out by the army are highly supported by the president and 
	government. Egypt is fighting an ISIS affiliate militant group in the 
	northern Sinai Peninsula, known as “Sinai State”, that has been targeting 
	the army, police and civilians since 2013 and has launched attacks in 
	several parts of the country. Egypt is also fighting a smaller terrorist 
	organization belonging to the Muslim Brotherhood, which authorities consider 
	a terrorist organization. The military spokesman addressed the living 
	conditions in North Sinai and announced that the armed forces continue to 
	send food aid to the area to alleviate the suffering of the residents. Rifai 
	pointed out that the naval forces continue to secure maritime routes, 
	protect strategic areas and cut terrorists’ sea supply lines. The coast 
	guards also continue to organize joint patrols with the police.
	
	Leading Muslim Brotherhood Figure Becomes Head of 
	Libya’s HCS
	Cairo - Khalid Mahmoud/Abdulrahman Swehli. Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 9 April, 
	2018 /Khalid al-Mishri, a leading figure in the Justice and Construction 
	Party of the Muslim Brotherhood in Libya, won the position of the head of 
	the High Council of State (HCS), replacing Abdulrahman al-Swehli. Mishri won 
	64 votes - while 45 went for Swehli, who is the founder of HCS and its head 
	for two consecutive years - in the second round of elections that took place 
	in Tripoli on Saturday. Mohamed Maazeb and Abdulla Juwan were the two other 
	candidates competing for the post. Swehli was tipped to be re-elected after 
	winning the first round by 37 votes while Mishri came second with 36, Juwan 
	26 and Maazeb with 17 votes out of 122. Naji Mukhtar was also elected as 
	first deputy president of the HCS while Fawzi Aqab was elected as second 
	deputy. Mishri, 51, is considered one of the most prominent opponents of 
	head of the Libyan National Army (LNA) Khalifa Haftar and of the Karama 
	Operation, which has been launched against extremist groups in the country, 
	especially in the eastern region. He was a member of the outgoing General 
	National Congress (parliament), the chairman of its finance committee and a 
	member of the national security committee.The elections were held at a time 
	of a state of shock in Libya following the discovery of the remains of three 
	young children of the same family who were kidnapped in 2015 while heading 
	to school near the capital. The children, who came from the family of al-Shershari, 
	a Libyan businessman, were found killed in Abu Issa area between Sorman and 
	al-Zawiya in western Libya after they were abducted for ransom in December 
	2015. The kidnappers had demanded 20 million Libyan dinars from the father 
	of the three children for their release. The remains of the children, who 
	were seven, nine, and 13-years-old when they were kidnapped, were found 
	buried in a forest south of the city of Sorman and taken to the city's 
	hospital.
	
	
	
	Latest LCCC Bulletin 
	analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on April 09-10/18
	Now is 
	the time to hit Assad hard, not withdraw
	Faisal J. Abbas/Arab News/April 09/18
	US President Donald Trump has made it clear that, with Daesh defeated, he 
	wants to end the US military presence in Syria and bring his soldiers home. 
	The horrific chemical gas attack on Douma is an indication of how important 
	it is that, rather than withdraw, America re-engage in Syria.
	Despite the denials from Damascus, there can be no doubt who did this. The 
	only people who have what was required to carry out such a monstrous attack 
	— the capability, the chemical weapons arsenal, the callous disregard for 
	civilian life — are the Assad regime. They have done it before. And unless 
	they are stopped, they will do it again.
	It has become evident that the only language the Assad regime understands is 
	the language of force. In August 2012, Barack Obama said the use of chemical 
	weapons in Syria would be “a red line.” A year later, when Bashar Assad 
	attacked his own people with sarin gas, that “red line” was forgotten. 
	Today, the people of Douma are paying the price for a US president’s 
	vacillation.
	It has become evident that the only language the Assad regime understands is 
	the language of force.
	owever, who can forget the shock and awe when, in response to Assad’s 
	chemical weapons attack in Idlib in April last year, President Trump ordered 
	cruise missile strikes on the Syrian air base from where the attack was 
	launched?
	The Douma outrage cannot be read as anything but a response to the US 
	announcement of withdrawal. It sends a clear sign to the international 
	community of what kind of future awaits Syria — just when we all thought 
	things could not become any worse. 
	Indeed, such a vacuum would no doubt be viewed as an opportunity by the 
	malign powers at work in this region, chief among them Iran.
	Douma should ring alarm bells in Washington; far from withdrawal, what is 
	required is greater engagement. If America takes that path, it can be sure 
	that the whole world, including Saudi Arabia and its allies, will follow.
	
	• Twitter: @FaisalJAbbas 
	
	Iran’s sophisticated interventions in Bahrain
	Dr. Majid Rafizadeh/Arab News/April 09/18
	The Iranian regime’s meddlesome footprints are ubiquitous in the region, 
	including in Bahrain, and the latest developments indicate that Tehran is 
	intensifying its efforts to intervene more extensively in the Gulf state’s 
	sociopolitical system.
	Four decades of experience have made the Iranian regime skilled at employing 
	a multi-dimensional strategy to influence and intervene in other nations’ 
	domestic politics. When it comes to Bahrain, Iranian leaders are 
	increasingly targeting the country on three fronts simultaneously. 
	On the economic front, the Iranian regime attempts to chart illicit paths by 
	exploiting Bahrain’s financial system. For example, most recently, Bahrain’s 
	Foreign Minister Khalid bin Ahmed Al-Khalifa pointed out that the government 
	had detected the Iranian-linked Future Bank was operating a covert 
	corruption scheme in Bahrain. Such a multibillion-dollar operation could 
	have severe repercussions.
	The Iranian regime probably uses such illegal financial activities to skirt 
	sanctions, as well as sponsor terrorism, proxies, lobbyists and spies in 
	other countries. This assists the Iranian leaders in employing sophisticated 
	methods such as wire-stripping in order to avoid leaving any tracks behind, 
	as well as concealing where payments and transfers have originated from or 
	been deposited to. It was recently revealed that Iran’s Bank Melli 
	instructed Future Bank officials on what specifically not to do when routing 
	money through the US. 
	On the political front, Iran utilizes both soft and hard power. Tehran 
	promotes the narratives of those individuals or groups that aggressively 
	oppose the Bahraini government. 
	In addition, militarily speaking, the Iranian regime is increasingly 
	supporting belligerent militant groups with weapons, organizational skills, 
	intelligence and training. Most recently, Bahraini security forces arrested 
	more than 100 people on charges of terrorism and plotting attacks on 
	government officials. Bahrain accused them of being part of a network that 
	was founded by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. This was not the 
	first time Iran has been caught supporting terror cells in Bahrain. In the 
	last two years, Bahraini officials have detected or dismantled several 
	Iran-backed groups that were planning, or had already carried out, attacks 
	in the island kingdom.
	The West ought to more robustly support Bahrain in its efforts to counter 
	Iran’s meddling and violation of international laws.
	The regime is using the same ideological and religious modus operandi it 
	employed in Iraq, Yemen and Lebanon. Iranian leaders are attempting to 
	exploit Bahrain’s Shiite population and religious leaders in an effort to 
	control Manama. From Tehran’s perspective, this would help it to strengthen 
	the Shiite axis and tip the regional balance of power against the Sunnis and 
	Gulf states. 
	Some Iranian officials and IRGC commanders even believethat Bahrain ought to 
	be one of Iran’s provinces. It is therefore not unrealistic to argue that 
	Tehran would ideally desire to set up a Shiite theocracy in Bahrain similar 
	to Iran’s clerical establishment. But, if this turns out to be too 
	far-fetched for Tehran, the Iranian regime would be satisfied with turning 
	Manama into a Beirut, Baghdad or Sanaa, where it can exert more influence.
	
	These developments should not only be alarming to Manama, but also to the 
	US, as its Fifth Fleet is based in Bahrain. Iran is attempting to scuttle 
	the mission of Washington’s Fifth Fleet and the objectives of US foreign 
	policy in countering Tehran’s militaristic activities, confronting the 
	regime’s naval provocations, and ensuring stability, peace and security in 
	the Gulf. By trying to destabilize Bahrain, empowering the Iran-backed 
	militias and terrorist groups, targeting the US Navy, making the country 
	unstable, and raising the US Navy’s costs and expenses, the Iranian regime 
	is trying to pressure the US into withdrawing its Fifth Fleet.
	When it comes to counterterrorism strategies and operations, Bahrain has 
	been increasingly successful at detecting and dismantling Iranian-backed 
	cells. Nevertheless, it should be taken into account that Iran’s agenda in 
	trying to dominate Bahrain is anchored in an extensive long-term plan. The 
	US and its European allies ought to more robustly support Bahrain in its 
	efforts to counter Iran’s meddling and violation of international laws. The 
	military, economic and geopolitical assistance of the Gulf Cooperation 
	Council (GCC) also plays a crucial role in confronting Tehran’s aggressive 
	behavior.
	*Dr. Majid Rafizadeh is a Harvard-educated Iranian-American political 
	scientist. He is a leading expert on Iran and US foreign policy, a 
	businessman and president of the International American Council. He serves 
	on the boards of the Harvard International Review, the Harvard International 
	Relations Council and the US-Middle East Chamber for Commerce and Business. 
	Twitter: @Dr_Rafizadeh
	
	Egyptian economy torn between thinkers and doers
	Mohammed Nosseir/Arab News/April 09/18
	In the second half of 2013, I was thrilled that a number of famous Egyptian 
	economists whose work I have been observing and admiring for years were 
	heading the Egyptian cabinet. Naively, I thought that all the constructive 
	ideas they had been advocating for years would come true. Then I realized 
	that being good at teaching theory in a classroom is totally different to 
	being exposed to real life, where crafting any given policy is a challenge.
	This cabinet of academic ministers lasted for less than a year. It was 
	followed by an action-oriented team, which distances itself from theory and 
	aspires to implement a large number of projects without subjecting them to 
	any kind of prior technical validation. The current members of cabinet tend 
	to believe that the accumulation of projects will create an economic 
	momentum that will have a positive impact on all citizens — an economic 
	approach that many renowned international scholars denounce but that our 
	government insists on applying.
	The dilemma in Egypt is that academicians are far too theoretical and doers 
	are far too impulsive. The former tend to express their knowledge of any 
	given subject by advancing one theory after another (theories that may 
	conflict with one another), giving no thought to their effective 
	application. Meanwhile, action-oriented executives, who believe that all 
	that matters is project implementation, thoughtlessly put all their energy 
	into aggressively pushing for the application of their ideas.
	For decades, the Egyptian economy has been vacillating between an economy 
	that is strongly linked to the application of a given economic theory and an 
	action-oriented government overwhelmingly made up of executives who realize 
	their success through action. While the fluctuations of the Egyptian economy 
	are often affected by external factors that have little to do with the 
	philosophy of the cabinet in power, traditionally, doers in Egypt tend to 
	undermine theoreticians, who in return often accuse them of having too 
	narrow a focus.
	Disconnect between Egypt's academics and its doers is detrimental to 
	nation's future economic prosperity.
	Egyptian academicians and action-oriented executives represent two 
	completely different career paths that neither overlap nor share the same 
	experiences. Citizens who believe that knowledge is the ultimate wealth 
	concentrate on maximizing their knowledge, while doers are convinced that 
	actions speak for themselves and believe that moving from one point to 
	another is an achievement in itself (regardless of whether the move is 
	necessary or what, if any, value it has).
	Many Egyptians argue that the red tape and inflexibility of government 
	bureaucracy make it very difficult for either academics or doers to apply 
	real reform. I could have accepted this argument had I observed strong 
	insistence on the implementation of reform (by any given government). In 
	Egypt, we hesitate to apply any economic model thoroughly and instead switch 
	from one idea to another.
	We have no single consistent economic policy that functions regardless of 
	cabinet changes. Appointed ministers always work on coming up with their own 
	ideas, which are implemented during their terms in office (whose duration 
	they can’t foretell). What we need in Egypt is an accumulation of knowledge 
	that is made available to every minister to help him or her craft proper 
	decisions. However, very few ministers value this kind of comprehensive 
	knowledge and therefore it does not exist.
	Culturally, Egyptian society tends, on all issues, to prefer narrow, 
	vertical outlooks to a broader, horizontal approach. We have large numbers 
	of economic experts, but each is well versed in their own very narrow field 
	of specialization and completely disconnected from reality. Their 
	intellectual capacity is filled with their desired knowledge, making it 
	difficult for them to digest new challenges. Our action-oriented executives, 
	on the other hand, tend to be over-excited about the things that they are 
	good at doing, without submitting them to any kind of proper evaluation.
	Ultimate knowledge without any practical application is of no value, as are 
	consistent applications that are not based on knowledge. Egypt is in real 
	need of executives with solid leadership skills who are capable of 
	connecting the dots between the academicians and the doers, and who can put 
	the former’s knowledge to good use while knowing how to galvanize the latter 
	to apply this knowledge. The undermining of both academics and doers is 
	detrimental to our future economic prosperity.
	• Mohammed Nosseir, a liberal politician from Egypt, is a strong advocate of 
	political participation and economic freedom. Twitter: @MohammedNosseir
	
	Time to curb the ‘devil of Damascus’
	Siraj Wahab/Arab News/April 09/18
	JEDDAH: The attack was savage, brutal and callous. The response from the 
	international community was swift, damning — and aimed directly at Syria’s 
	president Bashar Assad.
	As women and children gasped for breath after the Douma chemical gas attack 
	that killed at least 70 people, world leaders were united in calling for the 
	Assad regime to be held to account.
	US President Donald Trump described Assad as “an animal,” The Turkish leader 
	Recep Tayyip Erdogan condemned “war crimes and crimes against humanity” and 
	French foreign minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said the attack was “a gross 
	violation of international humanitarian law.”
	British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said it was “truly horrific to think 
	that many of the victims were families seeking refuge from airstrikes in 
	underground shelters.”
	He described the attack as “yet another appalling example of the Assad 
	regime’s brutality and blatant disregard for both the Syrian people and its 
	legal obligations not to use chemical weapons.”
	UN Secretary-general Antonio Guterres said he was “deeply concerned about 
	renewed and intensive violence in Douma” and called on all parties to cease 
	fighting. “It is critical that civilians be protected,” he said. “Any use of 
	chemical weapons, if confirmed, is abhorrent, and requires a thorough 
	investigation,” he said. Guterres called on all sides to ensure respect for 
	international humanitarian and human rights law, including humanitarian 
	access across Syria to all people in need.
	It was in the Arab world, however, that the condemnation was most intense.
	Dr. Hamdan Al-Shehri, a Saudi political analyst and international relations 
	scholar in Riyadh, said he was devastated by what he had seen.
	“The footage on TV of Syrian children and women in Douma turning blue for 
	lack of oxygen, writhing in pain and gasping for breath should rattle the 
	conscience of the world,” he said.
	“This is not the first time that Bashar Assad has attacked his own people 
	with deadly gas. He has done this repeatedly and with impunity. It is as if 
	he is mocking the international community.”
	Condemnation from world leaders was no longer enough and action must be 
	taken to prevent such attacks, Al-Shehri said.
	“We hear words of condemnation from the world community,” he said. “We hear 
	that Bashar Assad will not go unpunished. We hear that he will be held 
	accountable for all that he has done.
	“All these are mere words. Words are empty if they are not backed by action. 
	Strong action. Exemplary action. Actions speak louder than words.”
	Al-Shehri in particular criticized the international community for failing 
	to live up to its promises on Syria.
	“Not so long ago did we hear Barack Obama calling a chemical attack a ‘red 
	line’ — and when that line was crossed by Bashar Assad, nothing was done,” 
	he said. “In the post-Obama period, the Syrian people were promised that 
	action would be taken.
	“It has been seven years since hell was let loose on the Syrian people by 
	Assad, Russia and Iran. The innocent people of Syria have nothing with which 
	to defend themselves from these gas attacks, these chemical weapon attacks. 
	There has to be a solution to this problem. Why is the devil of Damascus 
	being allowed to continue his rampage?
	“Mere condemnation of Russia, Iran and Assad will not suffice. They need to 
	be stopped. The world community needs to do something, and do some something 
	fast.”
	Oubai Shahbandar, a Syrian-American analyst and fellow at the New America 
	Foundation’s International Security Program, also said the attack in Douma 
	showed that action was needed now.
	“This is a chemical attack launched by the Assad regime with the explicit 
	purpose of killing civilians and terrorizing the populace,” he said.
	Images of the bodies of women and children in bunkers, foaming at the mouth, 
	had been independently verified and “there is no doubt” that their deaths 
	were caused by a chemical agent, Shahbandar said.
	“Chemical-weapon watchdog the OPCW (Organization for the Prohibition of 
	Chemical Weapons) itself blamed Assad for prior use of nerve agents and 
	other chemical weapons last year, and now in Douma the Assad regime believes 
	that it can continue to use these horrific weapons of mass destruction with 
	impunity.” Shahbandar said the administration of US President Donald Trump 
	needed to act decisively, along with the international community.
	“The only real, viable solution to ending Assad’s chemical campaign is the 
	complete and total neutralization of his chemical-weapon and 
	ballistic-missile production facilitates — which Iran and Hezbollah have 
	been actively aiding,” he said. The Syrian scientific research center is the 
	central organization that Assad uses to make and weaponize chemical weapons, 
	and unless this center and its affiliated military bases are taken out once 
	and for all, the Syrian chemical genocide is going to continue unabated,” 
	said Shahbandar. 
Europe's Civilizational Exhaustion
Giulio Meotti/Gatestone Institute/April 09/18 
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/12093/europe-civilizational-exhaustion
Islam is filling the cultural vacuum of a society with no children and which 
believes -- wrongly -- it has no enemies.
In Sweden, by 2050, almost one in three people will be Muslim.
The European mainstream mindset now seems to believe that "evil" comes only from 
our own sins: racism, sexism, elitism, xenophobia, homophobia, the guilt of the 
heterosexual white Western male -- and never from non-European cultures. Europe 
now postulates an infinite idealization of the "other", above all the migrant.
A tiredness seems to be why these countries do not take meaningful measures to 
defeat jihadism, such as closing Salafist mosques or expelling radical imams.
Muslim extremists understand this advantage: so long as they avoid another 
enormous massacre like 9/11, they will be able to continue taking away human 
lives and undermining the West without awakening it from its inertia.
In a prophetic conference held in Vienna on May 7, 1935, the philosopher Edmund 
Husserl said, "The greatest danger to Europe is tiredness". Eighty years later, 
the same fatigue and passivity still dominate Western European societies.
It is the sort of exhaustion that we see in Europeans' falling birth rates, the 
mushrooming public debt, chaos in the streets, and Europe's refusal to invest 
resources in its security and military might. Last month, in a Paris suburb, the 
Basilica of Saint Denis, where France's Christian kings are buried, was occupied 
by 80 migrants and pro-illegal-immigration activists. The police had to 
intervene to free the site.
Pictured: French police eject some of the 80 migrants and 
pro-illegal-immigration activists who occupied the Basilica of Saint Denis, on 
March 18, 2018. (Image source: Video screenshot, YouTube/Kenyan News & Politics)
Stephen Bullivant, a professor of theology and the sociology of religion at St 
Mary's University in London, recently published a report, "Europe's Young Adults 
and Religion":
"Christianity as a default, as a norm, is gone, and probably gone for good – or 
at least for the next 100 years," Bullivant said.
According to Bullivant, many young Europeans "will have been baptised and then 
never darken the door of a church again. Cultural religious identities just 
aren't being passed on from parents to children. It just washes straight off 
them... "And we know the Muslim birthrate is higher than the general population, 
and they have much higher [religious] retention rates."
Richard Dawkins, an atheist and the author of The God Delusion, responded to the 
study's release by tweeting to his millions of Twitter followers:
Before we rejoice at the death throes of the relatively benign Christian 
religion, let's not forget Hilaire Belloc's menacing rhyme:
"Always keep a-hold of nurse
For fear of finding something worse."
Dawkins is apparently concerned that that after the demise of Christianity in 
Europe, there will not be an atheistic utopia, but a rising Islam.
That is the major point of what Philippe Bénéton in his book The Moral Disorder 
of the West ("Le dérèglement moral de l'Occident"): Islam is filling the 
cultural vacuum of a society with no children and which believes -- wrongly -- 
it has no enemies.
According to Radio Sweden, fewer newborns in that country are being baptized due 
to the demographic shift. By 2050, almost one in three people in Sweden will be 
Muslim, according to a recent Pew report
The European mainstream mindset now seems to believe that "evil" comes only from 
our own sins: racism, sexism, elitism, xenophobia, homophobia, the guilt of the 
heterosexual white Western male --and never from non-European cultures. So 
Europe now postulates an infinite idealization of the "other", above all the 
migrant. The heritage and legacy of Western civilization gets sectioned off 
piece by piece so that nothing remains; our values are mocked and our survival 
instinct is inhibited. It is a process of decomposition that Europe's political 
authorities seem to have decided to mediate, as if it were inevitable. Now, the 
European Union waits to receive the next surge of migrants, from Africa.
In German Chancellor Angela Merkel's major speech in the Bundestag after the 
unprecedentedly long and difficult process of forming a new government, she 
struck a conciliatory tone on immigration while offering an inclusive message on 
Islam. "With 4.5 million Muslims living with us, their religion, Islam, has also 
become a part of Germany", she said.
The most powerful politician in Europe capitulated: she evidently forgot (again) 
the difference between the civil rights of individuals, which Muslim citizens 
enjoy in Germany, and the sources of a national identity, on which Europe is 
based: humanistic, Judeo-Christian values. This realization may why a week 
earlier the new German Interior minister, Horst Seehofer, said that "Germany has 
been shaped by Christianity" and not by Islam.
Europe's tiredness can also be seen in a generational conflict embodied in the 
alarming rise of public debt. In Italy, the political establishment was recently 
shaken up by the election of two major populist parties. It is a country with a 
public debt of 40,000 euros per capita, and a tax burden equal to 43.3% of GDP. 
The average age of the population is the third oldest in the world, together 
with one of the lowest birthrates on the planet, one of the lowest retirement 
ages in Europe and the highest social security spending-to-GDP ratio in the 
Western world. It is also a country where pensions account for one-third of all 
public spending and where the percentage of pensioners in proportion to workers 
will rise from 37% today to 65% in 2040 (from three workers who support one 
pensioner to three workers who support two pensioners).
An Islamist challenge to this tired and decaying society could be a decisive 
one. Only Europe's Christian population is barren and aging. The Muslim 
population is fertile and young. "In most European countries—including England, 
Germany, Italy and Russia, Christian deaths outnumbered Christian births from 
2010 to 2015," writes the Wall Street Journal.
Terrorist attacks will continue in Europe. Recently, in Trèbes, southern France, 
a jihadist took hostages in a supermarket and claimed allegiance to ISIS. It 
seems that Europe's societies consider themselves so strong and their ability to 
absorb mass immigration so extensive, that nothing will prevent them from 
believing they can assimilate and manage terrorist acts as they have automobile 
fatalities or natural disasters. A tiredness also seems to be why these 
countries do not take meaningful measures to defeat jihadism, such as closing 
Salafist mosques or expelling radical imams.
Muslim extremists understand this advantage: so long as they avoid another 
enormous massacre like 9/11, they will be able to continue murdering people and 
undermining the West without awakening it from its inertia. The most likely 
scenario is that everything will continue: the internal fracture of Europe, two 
parallel societies and the debasement of Western culture. Piece by piece, 
European society seems to be coming irreparably apart.
**Giulio Meotti, Cultural Editor for Il Foglio, is an Italian journalist and 
author.
© 2018 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do 
not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No 
part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied 
or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.
Iran's Nobel Laureate is Done with Reform. She Wants Regime 
Change.
Eli Lake/Bloomberg/April, 09/18 
Shirin Ebadi, Iran's Nobel Peace Prize-winning human rights lawyer, has had 
enough. For years she represented her country's dissidents in the Republic's 
corrupt courts. She spoke out for the rights of women, minorities and students 
abroad. But she never called for the end of the regime she was fighting to 
reform. Until now. "Reform is useless in Iran," Ebadi told me in an interview 
Thursday. "The Iranian people are very dissatisfied with their current 
government. They have reached the point and realized this system is not 
reformable." 
For Ebadi the means of ending Iranian tyranny should be a UN-monitored 
referendum on the constitution that proposes a basic change: the elimination of 
the unelected office of supreme leader. The Iranian people, she said, "want to 
change our regime, by changing our constitution to a secular constitution based 
on the universal declaration of human rights."
Ebadi told me she never believed Rouhani was a reformer. Nonetheless, she also 
said she was reluctant to call for the end of the regime, because the 1979 
revolution was so traumatic. This is why she says the current uprising has no 
single leader. "In the course of the struggle the leaders will emerge," she told 
me. "When we have free elections in Iran, the leaders will show themselves." 
Ebadi first made her views known in a statement published in February with 13 
other dissidents and human rights advocates to call for the referendum. In her 
interview with me however she for the first time got more specific about what 
Western governments and particularly the Trump administration can do to assist 
the Iranian people in their struggle.
To start, she made it clear that she was not calling for a military invasion of 
Iran or any kind of US interference with the movement itself. "The regime change 
in Iran should take place inside Iran and by the people of Iran," she said. "But 
you can help the people of Iran reach their own goal."
To this end, Ebadi had some recommendations. The basic idea is that the West 
should implement sanctions that weaken the regime, but do not hurt the people 
themselves. For example, Ebadi says the US and European governments should 
sanction the Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). This conglomerate controls 
the media in Iran, and also manages Iran's external foreign propaganda such as 
the English-language PressTV and the Arabic al-Alam.
There are few entities more deserving of censure and sanction. Inside Iran, the 
IRIB broadcasts a weekly television show that airs the coerced confessions of 
political prisoners. 
Ebadi said targeting IRIB is a good way of crippling the regime's ability to 
attack its opponents and spread its propaganda. The concept is simple. She said 
no Western satellite provider should allow IRIB to broadcast its propaganda 
abroad.
Ebadi told me she was wary of reimposing some of the most crippling sanctions 
that were lifted in 2016 in the implementation of the Iran nuclear deal. The 
secondary sanctions on Iran's central bank, she said, benefitted figures close 
to the regime who made a fortune in hiding the money of regime elites. 
Meanwhile, average Iranians suffered hyper-inflation.
That said, Ebadi said European businesses were wise to hold off on striking 
deals. "They are reluctant to invest in a country with no political stability," 
she said. "How could you trust a government when every day in several corners of 
the country people are demonstrating and are unhappy? 
For now Ebadi thinks it is important for the US to establish a channel to the 
legitimate and independent Iranian opposition. This however is trickier than it 
sounds. 
She warned the regime had established all kinds of fake nongovernment 
organizations and groups overseas that appear independent, but really do the 
government's bidding.
One example is a group known as the Organization for Defending Victims of 
Violence, which has represented Iranian civil society at the annual meetings of 
the UN Human Rights Council. In 2011, the Center for Human Rights in Iran 
described it as "an NGO that in spite of its name, has not done anything during 
the session to defend the rights of Iranian victims of violence.
Another example Ebadi pointed to was the National Iranian American Council, or 
NIAC. NIAC played an important role in advocating for President Barack Obama's 
nuclear deal with Iran. Ebadi told me she regrets participating in an event with 
NIAC in 2011. "When I analyzed what they say and do," Ebadi said, "I realize 
what they say is closer to what the government says than what the people want."
Ebadi said she would support a new organization of Iranian-Americans to support 
her country's freedom movement -- "an organization that would be independent 
from the Iranian government and the US government." 
Ebadi's proposals pose a real challenge for Western liberals who still hope 
engaging the regime will lead to reform. Ebadi has lost that hope. " People 
spontaneously came out onto the streets in 70 cities and called for a 
referendum," she said. "As a human rights defender, I have the duty of helping 
our people reach these goals."
That goal is a referendum to reject the rule by a supreme clerical leader. Ebadi 
is asking for solidarity. Will Western liberals join her? 
Save Your Grandchildren, Don’t Avenge Your Ancestors
Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al Awsat/April 09/18
On the way from San Francisco to Paris, questions hunt you no matter how hard 
you try to escape: When will the Arabs have a modern city which contributes to 
shaping their future? When will they have a vibrant city with its economy, 
education and services? A city that offers them a normal life, which meets their 
needs and respects their humanity?
In San Francisco, you feel as though the future of the world is being made here, 
with enormous investments, extraordinary fantasies and exceptional abilities to 
innovate and develop, as if the people of these giant companies were the poets 
of the coming days, making the impossible a reality, broadening the boundaries 
of mind and knowledge, and changing the economy, the people’s lives, culture, 
and all aspects of life on this planet.
The wars of the future are happening here with ferocity and relentlessness. The 
numbers are merciless. You have to succeed. And you have to win. Your failure 
means you are out of the race. The failure of your company entails its 
disintegration. It is a permanent test for the president and the subordinate. 
He, who masters swimming and generating new ideas, can survive the waves. There 
is no room for sagginess, laziness and pausing at turning points.
Army generals used to draw the fate of maps and nations. That time has gone. You 
are now in the hands of the Silicon Valley generals. Apple, Facebook, Google, 
Microsoft, Oracle, and others… Do not try to evade this change by saying that 
you are from another world. You are part of the global village, whether you like 
it or not. The longer you delay your engagement in the storm of progress, the 
more costly the consequences are.
You have no choice but to participate. Every other option means that you become 
dependent on the world. You remain on the margin, your economy collapses and 
your cities keep aging. It is either that your country gets involved, or 
everything in it regresses, including universities, hospitals, the army and the 
postal service. You will be completely wrong if you try to take shelter under 
the glories of history and sleep its splendors. The winner is the one who writes 
the history of the future, not the past. 
I am not saying that the journey is easy, and boarding the train will not lead 
to ruptures, but we have experiences that we can learn from. Europe has gone 
through the same situation that’s now happening in the Middle East: some men 
emerged believing to have received a firm mandate from the spirit of the nation 
or the depth of history… A mandate without borders that allows them to impose 
their color on the Continent, to uphold a nation and to violate another, to 
impose the rule of a certain race over other races, to spread a culture and 
erase others… A mandate that allows them to remove international borders, to 
play with maps and demographic balances, to remake cities and manipulate their 
role, history and present time. A mandate based on subordination or suppression 
of the other, where coexistence is considered an obstacle or an impossible 
achievement.
Europe has witnessed scenes it had never expected to see. It saw Adolf Hitler 
display his pride on the Champs-Elysées avenue. It has seen the Europeans 
scramble to be deployed on the barricades of the Spanish Civil War. It saw 
convoys of displaced and immigrants, burned neighborhoods, and capitals filled 
with fear and rubble. It has witnessed oppression, darkness and horror and the 
rupture of countries and families. The Old Continent was the theater that saw 
the spark of two world wars, but the guns were silenced in the end. From the 
pile of corpses and pools of blood, the Europeans had to conclude what helped to 
prevent the tragedy from recurring. They had to decide: either use the truce to 
prepare for a new war or use it to arrange conditions for coexistence. 
Coexistence does not eliminate differences but prohibits the use of war as a 
means of resolving them.
Europe has seen all sorts of wars in the past centuries. It has experienced the 
wars of roles and control. It also went through religious and sectarian wars. It 
saw the wars of uprooting and erasing features. Following the horrors of two 
world wars, Europe understood that the future cannot be built with stones of the 
past. If you succumbed to the logic of open revenge, the French-German blood 
waterfall would still be pouring. If the memory of the French and British 
vessels were still being traded, artillery would still be exchanged, stamped 
with sailors’ blood.
Europe was soaked in blood, tears and rubble… A mass of widows, orphans and 
people with no source of living... Damaged cities and devastated economies… One 
of the harshest feelings was that Europe did not learn from the lessons of World 
War I and fell into hell again. Politicians, diplomats and writers had to make a 
choice at the turning point. The Europeans chose to distance themselves from the 
path that gave rise to the disaster. They chose stability, reconstruction and 
coexistence on the Continent and within their countries. Although the Continent 
was partitioned by the world of the two camps, the Europeans did not allow 
themselves to slip into a war that this time could have destroyed the world, not 
only Europe.
Europe has developed the choice of stability to find prosperity. It has turned 
the walls of international borders into gates for the passage of people, goods 
and ideas. Ideas for the search for economic exchange, political coordination 
and cooperation in the face of challenges. Hence, your neighbor is no longer 
your enemy, he is your partner, with whom you discuss the expansion of common 
areas, not rushing the dates of divorce. Competition replaced fighting, 
cooperation replaced discord, and the differences were settled under the 
umbrella of concern for stability and aspiration to prosperity. Reasonable 
policies have replaced reckless strategies. People with practical minds have 
taken the place of those selling illusions.
The only solution is to be part of the world that is heading towards the future… 
to learn, train and adapt, to free hands and imaginations, and to enable your 
countrymen to benefit from the rewards of great technological developments to 
improve your economy, maintain your stability, and create conditions for your 
prosperity… to engage, attract expertise and training, and provide the right 
environment for investors and tourists alike. The only solution is to have a 
plan, to bet on the abilities of the younger generations, and to get them out of 
the wars of ancient history and the road to slow destruction.
Do not try to escape the challenges by resorting to the caves of history. Others 
have a history that matches or surpasses yours. If they had chosen to surrender 
to the past, Vienna would not have been Vienna, Berlin would not have become 
Berlin, Paris would not have been Paris… Belonging to the future saves your 
history from extinction. It turns your history into the fuel for the locomotive 
of progress. Do not delay or hesitate. It is your battle. Your duty is to save 
your grandchildren not to avenge your ancestors.
Spies Tracking Our Phones? 
Don't Be So Shocked
Stephen Carter/Bloomberg View/April 09, 2018/
The press has been in a lather of late over reports that the Department of 
Homeland Security had discovered evidence that cellphone tracking tools were 
being used by “unauthorized” parties in and around Washington. 
Formally known as International Mobile Subscriber Identity catchers, and often 
called stingrays, these devices fool your phone’s baseband into believing it is 
in contact with a cell tower. IMSI catchers can use your phone’s signal to track 
your movements and contacts. In some cases they might persuade your phone to 
turn off its encryption. It’s a powerful, scary technology. Scarier still, 
federal officials admit that although they can detect the devices, they can’t 
find them. Still, here are three reasons that the excitement over the news from 
Washington is a little overdone.
In the first place, the use of IMSI catchers by unauthorized parties isn’t news. 
Privacy advocates have long fought to reduce reliance on the devices by law 
enforcement, on the ground that they sweep up too much data from those suspected 
of nothing. But techies have been warning for years that stingrays could be used 
by criminals and foreign governments. A 2014 article in the Harvard Journal of 
Law and Technology was succinct: “Hostile foreign intelligence services can and, 
almost certainly, are using the technology in this country for espionage.”
In other words, the concern that’s suddenly making headlines has been around for 
a while -- so long that entrepreneurs have been developing tools to help us 
detect their presence. Remember that IMSI-catchers trap mobile phone signals by 
mimicking cell towers. One means for uncovering stingrays, then, is to use 
algorithms that identify what would seem to be towers except that they switch 
frequency too often or actually change location. Last year, researchers at the 
University of Washington announced that they had used exactly these techniques 
to uncover hidden IMSI catchers in and around Seattle.
All of which is to say that although it’s useful to have longstanding suspicions 
confirmed, the widespread use of stingrays, with or without authorization, 
should hardly be considered newsworthy.
In the second place, to borrow from John le Carré, spying is eternal. We 
shouldn’t profess such surprise that foreign powers try to use against us the 
same tools we would use against them if we didn’t have anything better. 
Americans are always shocked to learn that we’re not invulnerable to espionage. 
But spying is tit for tat, and the phones to which we as a nation seem addicted 
are a natural and tempting target. For our own convenience, we constantly send 
vulnerable packets of data into the ether. We should hardly be surprised that 
foreign governments (or whoever the unauthorized users are) yield to the 
temptation to study what we so casually broadcast.
But in the third place, we should never allow ourselves to forget that lots of 
people who don’t happen to be spies are already spying on us. Like our cellphone 
carriers. Like just about every website we visit. (Although not all to the same 
extent. A 2016 Princeton University study of the 1 million most visited sites 
found that news sites tend to be the most intrusive, and sites maintained by 
government and educational institutions the least.) True, the data most sites 
collect is formally anonymous, but de-anonymizing might not be all that hard, 
particularly with social media. In a 2017 paper, researchers from Stanford and 
Princeton universities showed how, given 30 anonymized links originating from 
Twitter Inc., they could deduce the underlying Twitter account with 50 percent 
accuracy.
And that’s before we even get to Facebook Inc. Now, I have zero interest in 
kicking a good company when it’s down, so let me start out by saying that users 
who are howling about their (anonymyized) data falling into the wrong hands may 
not have spent much time perusing Facebook’s terms of service. The challenge for 
the privacy-conscious user isn’t third parties; the challenge is Facebook 
itself, which exists not to connect you with friends but to package data about 
your online activities and use it to sell targeted advertising. Happily, the 
company has recently translated the list of what it admittedly collects about 
its users from legalese into something approaching English, and anybody with an 
account (all 2 billion-plus of us) should take a gander at the remarkable 
result.
It’s natural that we worry about digital privacy -- and we do worry about it, 
apparently a lot -- but we need to stop acting like babes in the woods. We can’t 
go squalling for our parents whenever some new set of prying eyes sets its 
sights on our data. Not when we allow all sorts of corporate strangers to 
rummage through our digital lives, and rarely raise a peep.