English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For August 05/2020
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani
#elias_bejjani_news

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Bible Quotations For today
We bless; when persecuted, we endure; when slandered, we speak kindly. We have become like the rubbish of the world, the dregs of all things, to this very day.
First Letter to the Corinthians 04/09-16: “For I think that God has exhibited us apostles as last of all, as though sentenced to death, because we have become a spectacle to the world, to angels and to mortals. We are fools for the sake of Christ, but you are wise in Christ. We are weak, but you are strong. You are held in honour, but we in disrepute. To the present hour we are hungry and thirsty, we are poorly clothed and beaten and homeless, and we grow weary from the work of our own hands. When reviled, we bless; when persecuted, we endure; when slandered, we speak kindly. We have become like the rubbish of the world, the dregs of all things, to this very day. I am not writing this to make you ashamed, but to admonish you as my beloved children. For though you might have ten thousand guardians in Christ, you do not have many fathers. Indeed, in Christ Jesus I became your father through the gospel. I appeal to you, then, be imitators of me.”


Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on August 04-05/2021
Hezbollah the Terrorist organization is totally responsible for the Beirut Port Explosion, and justice will not be achieved before Lebanon is liberated from its occupation/Elias Bejjani/August 04/2021
Pope, on anniversary of Beirut blast, promises Lebanon visit
Amer Fakhoury Foundation On The Beirut Port Explosion
Al-Rahi: We do not want wars and martyrs, let us keep away from our entity the maps that are being drawn for the Middle East
“Iran out:” Anti-Hezbollah protesters march in Lebanon on Beirut blast anniversary
Aoun at the virtual Conference held in support of the people of Lebanon: Lebanon counts on you, don’t let it down
Final statement at the end of Lebanon’s Support Conference
Biden Donates $100 million to Lebanon at U.N.-backed Conference
Hezbollah’s insistence on control is major cause of Lebanon’s problems: Saudi FM
One year after Beirut port blast, truth remains elusive
365 days after Beirut blast, every day counts/Ralph Tarraf/Najat Rochdi/ Saroj Kumar Jha/The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
Clashes with Security Forces as Protesters Mark Port Blast Anniversary
Minor Scuffles in Zouk, Beirut as Army Seizes Arms from Cars
French Ambassador: The Lebanese Need Justice to be Served
Kataeb Party pays tribute to its martyrs on August 4th: For lifting immunities since no one is above accountability
Beirut marks one year since port blast with anger and mourning
A year after the Beirut blast, survivors are still grieving, still angry, and still waiting for justice/Ben Wedeman/CNN/August 04/2021
Israel conducts air strikes on targets in south Lebanon: Statement
US condemns rocket attacks from Lebanon on Israel
Three rockets fired towards northern Israel, IDF retaliates
Army: Enemy artillery targeted several areas in southern Lebanon
Four enemy shells fall on Kfarshouba Hilltops
Army: Arrest of citizens in possession of weapons, ammunition in Zouk & Sidon
“Amal Movement” denies circulated news about confiscated weapons that were on their way to the Beirut Port commemoration ceremony
Geagea: Beirut Port blast will not go unnoticed, immunity to be lifted off all
The Criminal State and the Mandated Internationalization/Charles Elias Chartouni/August 04/2021
Lebanon’s League of Victims/Mohanad Hagi Ali/Carnegie MEC/August 04/2021
President Macron: France will allocate 100 million Euros as direct support to the Lebanese in education, food and health aid, in addition to providing 500,000 COVID-19 vaccines

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on August 04-05/2021
Human rights groups slam EU for sending diplomat to Raisi inauguration
Iranian anguish over tough internet restrictions in new bill
Potential Hijack' of Ship Off UAE is Over, Says UK Agency
Italy leads European effort to resolve Libyan differences
Sisi could test Egyptians’ patience, own popularity with bread price hike
Tunisia Unions Urge Speedy New Government after Takeover
Humanitarian Crisis Unfolding in Daraa, Syria
Syria Shelling by Turkey, Proxies Kills Four
Taliban Claim Kabul Bombing as Afghan Forces Defend Besieged Cities

Titles For The Latest The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on August 04-05/2021
Violations' the UN Security Council Does Not Care About/Khaled Abu Toameh/Gatestone Institute/August 04/2021
Biden Administration "Surrenders" to Germany on Russian Gas Pipeline/Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute/August 04/2021
It’s Time for Biden to Leave a Bad Deal in the Past/Richard Goldberg/National Review/August 04/2021
Iran escalates maritime conflict against Israel/Joe Truzman/FDD's Long War Journal/August 04/2021

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on August 04-05/2021
Hezbollah the Terrorist organization is totally responsible for the Beirut Port Explosion, and justice will not be achieved before Lebanon is liberated from its occupation.
Elias Bejjani/August 04/2021
حزب الله الإرهابي هو المسؤول عن تفجير مرفأ بيروت، والعدالة لن تتحقق قبل تحرير لبنان من رجس احتلاله
http://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/101087/elias-bejjani-hezbollah-the-terrorist-organization-is-totally-responsible-for-the-beirut-port-explosion-and-justice-will-not-be-achieved-before-lebanon-is-liberated-from-its-occupation/

Prophet Isaiah 33/01: “Woe to you, destroyer, you who have not been destroyed! Woe to you, betrayer, you who have not been betrayed! When you stop destroying, you will be destroyed; when you stop betraying, you will be betrayed”.
In reality and practically, justice in Lebanon will remain a mirage and a dream while Lebanon is still occupied by the Iranian Hezbollah, and governed by a bunch of local puppets and Trojans.
Sadly, justice in our beloved occupied Lebanon is currently far from reach, and even impossible, whether in regards to the Beirut Port explosion horrible crime, or the assassinations of dozens of sovereigns, patriotic and free Lebanese figures.
Justice in the occupied Lebanon is currently ignored, muzzled, marginalized and down trodden, and will not be achieved in any way before the country is liberated from the occupation, domination, hegemony, barbarism and the Mafiosi of the Iranian terrorist organization, Hezbollah.
In this Trojan framework that Hezbollah is enforcing, all that is circulated in the media about judicial investigations into the Beirut Port Explosion crime in particular, revolves only around ignoring the real perpetrator, and on distracting the Lebanese people with names of political and security officials who are charged on mere negligence basis.
The occupier, Hezbollah who has been since 2005 in complete control of Beirut’s airport and port, brought the shipment of ammonium nitrate to Lebanon in full partnership and co-operation with the Syrian Criminal Assad Regime.
Hezbollah stored the ammonium nitrate in the Beirut Port, used it inside and outside Lebanon in terrorism explosions, and transported most of it to Syria, where Assad regime transformed it into bombing barrels of death and destruction.
Due to the fact that Hezbollah is an “assassination machine “and an Iranian terrorist organization that occupies and terrorizes the Lebanese, all the Lebanese security officials and politicians, including and foremost, the President, House Speaker, PM, ministers, MP’S and all high ranging government employees would not have dared to utter a word about the ammonium shipment, even if they were aware of it. This enforced silence would be either because of fear for their lives, or due to their treason affiliation with Hezbollah.
Meanwhile, the terrorist Hezbollah, and through its ruling puppets and officials in all positions continues viciously to distract the judicial investigation, and the peoples’ focus from the truth, that actually and plainly points towards its sole criminal role in exploding Beirut’s Port on August 04, 2020.
Hezbollah’s leader, Hassan Nasrallah has been openly and loudly threatening the Lebanese judiciary, and questioning its credibility, in a replicate to his evil role with the Special Tribunal For Lebanon (STL), that was investigating the assassination of the late PM, Rafik Al Hariri.
In summary, Hezbollah, which occupies Lebanon and controls its rulers, officials and political parties’ without even one exception, is fully accountable for the Beirut Port Explosion crime, and accordingly justice will not be fully achieved before the liberation of Lebanon, and before charging, arresting and before putting on all its leaders on trial.
And until the day of liberation comes, this Terrorist and criminal armed militia, will continue to systematically and viciously to devour our beloved Lebanon, The Land Of The Holy Cedars, piece by piece, intimidating its people and assassinating its patriotic leaders.

Pope, on anniversary of Beirut blast, promises Lebanon visit
NNA/August 04/2021
Pope Francis, speaking at his first general audience since he underwent intestinal surgery a month ago and on the first anniversary of a fatal blast in Beirut, said he had a "great" desire to visit Lebanon. The 84-year-old pope, who looked fit and improvised parts of his address, also wished success for French President Emmanuel Macron's efforts to raise more than $350 million in aid for Lebanon at a donors' conference and send another warning to its squabbling political class. L8N2PA5JL The huge chemical explosion in Beirut killed 200 people and caused billions of dollars worth of damage. Francis was speaking in the Vatican's audience hall. He said many in Lebanon, which is mired in a financial depression and faces its worst social crisis in 30 years, had lost "even the illusion of living."Donors should help Lebanon "on a path of resurrection", he said. He called for "concrete gestures, not just words" because many who had lost their homes and jobs were tired and deluded. "Dear Lebanese, my desire to come to visit you is great. And I will not tire of praying for you so that Lebanon returns to being a message of brotherhood, a message of peace for all of the Middle East," he said.The Vatican's foreign minister, Archbishop Paul Gallagher, said last month the visit could take place late this year or early next year. He suggested the pope could go even without a government in place. --- Reuters

Amer Fakhoury Foundation On The Beirut Port Explosion
August 04/2021
May we take a moment of silence today to remember the third biggest explosion in the world that happened in Beirut, Lebanon on August 4, 2020.To this day, those who are responsible for killing over 200 innocent people and injuring over 7,000 people have yet to be held accountable. A proper investigation into the explosion has yet to take place. Senior Lebanese officials have been linked to the blast, however Lebanese authorities have rejected lifting their immunity and so they will not be questioned. After a clear obstruction of justice, we call on the international court to take action and hold accountable lebanese officials responsible for the explosion.

Al-Rahi: We do not want wars and martyrs, let us keep away from our entity the maps that are being drawn for the Middle East
NNA/August 04/2021
Maronite Patriarch, Cardinal Beshara Boutros al-Rahi, affirmed during the Mass of the Martyrs of the Beirut Port this afternoon, that "we are here to witness to the unity of Christians and Muslims in loyalty to Lebanon alone."He added that "the countries participating in the Paris conference to help Lebanon are much appreciated," believing that "the world's response to Lebanon begins with saving it economically and financially, and by holding an international conference for Lebanon that declares its neutrality and sets a mechanism for implementing international resolutions, even if that requires issuing new resolutions.""No matter how much the political group turns a blind eye to reality, it will not be able to conquer the people indefinitely," the Patriarch asserted, adding that "the issue is a matter of time, and saving Lebanon will inevitably come.""We do not want fighting, or battles, or wars. We have a surplus of wars, martyrs and resistance, so let us move towards freedom and peace, and steer the maps that are being woven for the Middle East away from our historical entity," underlined al-Rahi.

“Iran out:” Anti-Hezbollah protesters march in Lebanon on Beirut blast anniversary
Marco Ferrari and Omar Elkatouri/ 04 August ,2021
Protesters marching on the anniversary of the Beirut port blast are demanding an end to Iranian influence in Lebanon. Demonstrators were marching towards the capital’s Martyr’s Square at around 7pm local time waving Lebanese flags and chanting “Iran out, Iran out,” according to BBC Persia. Anti-Iran and anti-Hezbollah slogans could be heard from the crowds on the anniversary of the deadly blast that killed more than 200 people and left thousands more injured. Security forces fired tear gas at anti-government protesters demonstrating outside the Lebanese parliament building. Tensions have been mounting in the crisis-stricken country over what many believe is the government’s failure to fully investigate the blast. The port explosion, considered one of the biggest non-nuclear blasts ever recorded, happened when more than 552 tons of ammonium nitrate stored in a grain silo in the city centre caught fire. It leveled buildings within a two-mile radius.

Aoun at the virtual Conference held in support of the people of Lebanon: Lebanon counts on you, don’t let it down
NNA/August 04/2021
In his delivered speech at the virtual conference held in support of the people of Lebanon on Wednesday, President of the Republic, General Michel Aoun, said:
Your Majesties, your Highnesses, your Excellencies, A year has gone by since the calamity struck the heart of Beirut, and it is still a bleeding wound in the conscience of all the Lebanese; the quest for truth and full justice is still the claim of every Lebanese and a self-evident right, especially for those who were inflicted loss at heart, the parents of the victims who fell on that fateful day.I have already committed before the Lebanese to serve justice and hold accountable everyone whose involvement is proven by the investigation. Today, I re-state my pledge that NO one is above the law, no matter how high he may rank.
Let justice go all the way in probe and trials, till facts are revealed and till the desired justice is served. Ladies and gentlemen, A year after the disaster of the fourth of August 2020,the devastating repercussions still reflect on all levels, humanitarian, social, economic, health and educational, thus aggravating the crises that beset our nation. Lebanon is currently going through the hardest times: a record poverty rate, the Covid-19 pandemic, a severe shortage of drugs, along with the heavy burden of the Syrian displacement, the siege imposed around us, depriving Lebanon of its vital extension, and so on. Therefore, Lebanon can no longer wait for regional or broader solutions. There is no doubt that Lebanon needs every assistance and support from the international community, after determining needs and priorities, notably:
- Badly needed humanitarian, social and health assistance;
- assistance that guarantees the continuous provision of the vital basic services in emergency settings, especially in the health sector and in the maintenance of water and electricity infrastructures;
- assistance that ensures the needs of our security valve, the Lebanese Army and security forces.
Furthermore, rehabilitating, developing and fully re-operating the port of Beirut - the artery of the Lebanese economy - is a pressing necessity and a top priority for us, and any international effort is welcome in this respect.
Ladies and gentlemen,
For many months, the country has drowned in a political crisis in which, unfortunately, the details of cabinet formation prevailed over the program, the government’s rescue project.
Today, we are in a new phase. I do hope that a government is formed, a government which is capable of implementing the required reforms, preparing for the upcoming parliamentary elections and, in parallel, building confidence with our International partners and reaching out to the international Monetary Fund. We must underscore in this context that the amount that will benefit Lebanon next September from the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights must be employed carefully and in the best way to face the collapse and embark on reforms. I strongly believe that the procedures of the forensic audit of public accounts are necessary and mandatory. I have promised the Lebanese to carry on with themdespite all obstacles. We hold on to the forensic audit of the Central Bank’s accounts, and we await its outcome to determine and allocate losses and responsibilities.
Esteemed audience,  In my own name and on behalf of the people of Lebanon, I wish to thank brotherly and friendly States and institutions for their solidarity, and for the aid they have sent throughout the past year. And today, I would like to renew my thanks to the organizers who – by asignificant gesture - wanted this conference to mark the first anniversary of the tragic Port blast. My thanks also go to my friend President Macron, to the UN Secretary General Mr. Guterres, and to all the heads of States, leaders and officials who are present with us, as well as all those who have supported Lebanon through its present crisis. Lebanon counts on you, don’t let it down.
Thank you.------Presidency Informaton Office

Final statement at the end of Lebanon’s Support Conference
NNA/August 04/2021
In conclusion of the “Conference for Supporting Lebanon and the Lebanese” which was virtually held this afternoon upon the invitation of French President, Emmanuel Macron, the following statement was issued:
“The Conference in Support of the Population of Lebanon took place on 4 August 2021 by video-conferencing, at the joint invitation of the President of the French Republic and the United Nations Secretary-General.
Thirty three States, thirteen international organizations and 5 representatives of Lebanese civil society took part in the discussions. A year ago today, a terrible explosion devastated the port of Beirut and the surrounding areas. The international community expressed its solidarity. A support conference, convened on 9 August 2020, organized an initial emergency humanitarian response. A second conference was held on 2 December 2020, to generate additional support and foster the beginning of a medium-term recovery effort.
A year after the explosion, the participants in the Conference, and the Lebanese people, have commemorated this tragic anniversary, seen a major deterioration of the living conditions of Lebanon’s whole population and called for accountability from the Lebanese political class to ensure full light is shed on the explosion. Today, the crisis is affecting all of Lebanon and all its inhabitants. This crisis is economic and financial, and is one of the three worst in the world since the mid-19th century according to the World Bank. This is also a social crisis, as essential needs and supplies of basic services are no longer being delivered to a large part of the population. It is also a food crisis, and is turning into a humanitarian crisis. It is a political crisis, whose responsibility lies on the political leaders, marked by the stalemate in the formation of a government capable of implementing the most urgent reforms.
Lastly, this is a crisis of confidence, both between the people of Lebanon and its leaders, and between those leaders and the international community. In this particularly difficult context, the Conference has welcomed the fact that the totality of the aid promised a year ago has been disbursed. The participants have responded to a further UN humanitarian appeal for $357 million for the coming 12 months, pledging support in finance of a total in the order of $370 million dollars, to which should be added substantial in-kind assistance. The aim in particular is to address the most urgent food security, water and sanitation, and health and education needs.
The participants highlighted that this additional support aims to save lives and is in no way a lasting solution to the difficulties Lebanon is confronted with. These require first and foremost the formation of a government that implements the reforms promised since the CEDRE conference in 2018, which were recalled on 1 September 2020 in the roadmap agreed by all Lebanon’s political forces. The participants underlined that the implementation of these decisions remains critical for any structural financial support on their part.
The Conference’s participants welcomed the designation of Mr. Najib Mikati as Prime Minister and called for a government that would be dedicated to the country’s rescue. As soon as it is formed, the new government would need to dedicate itself to swiftly launching, conducting and concluding negotiations in good faith with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It will also have to prepare the 2022 elections, which must be transparent and impartial and be held according to the planned schedule.
The Conference discussed the measures required by the worsening of the crisis. The gradual lifting of subsidies for essential products should take place alongside the creation of social protection safety nets, including through the immediate implementation of the World Bank’s Emergency Social Safety Net (ESSN) loan. The distribution of pre-paid cards and the preparation of the lists of beneficiaries it requires should be delivered in full transparency. The Conference’s participants noted that the Reform, Recovery and Reconstruction Framework (3RF) has been implemented and allows better donor coordination and a major role for civil society. The Lebanon Financing Facility (LFF), a World Bank multi-donor trust fund, should begin disbursements without bureaucratic obstacles in the days following this Conference, paying the first donations to SMEs. Current contributors encourage other donors to join them. At a time when the Lebanese economy is in a deep recession, the banking and financial sector needs to play its normal role of financing the real economy. Addressing the financial crisis needs to start immediately, under a plan and a Banking Resolution Act based on fair, transparent rules that ensure the actors of this financial crisis contribute. he participants noted that Lebanon will soon receive its share (around $900 million) of the universal and unconditional allocation of IMF special drawing rights, with the key aim of addressing the recession and the consequences of the global public health crisis. They recommended that the use of these resources be decided in a fully transparent manner, in liaison with civil society, be subject to monitoring in real-time and ex-post evaluation, and, lastly, contribute to the preparation of appropriate public policies. They agreed to follow attentively and come back to this subject.
The participants considered that, in accordance with the expectations of the Lebanese people, the country’s development model needs to be overhauled to ensure the country gets back into a sustainable and people-centered development process. Humanitarian assistance cannot be a long-term solution and the development of a program with the IMF must be linked to the prospect of a renewed governance and of a new development model anchored in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The participants were concerned about delays to the inquiry into the 4 August explosion. They also noted with concern the operational situation of the port of Beirut. They called on the Lebanese authorities to immediately take the measures required for adequate maintenance and for the reconstruction of the parts of the port that were destroyed. Lebanon’s greatest asset is its people. The crisis and the effects of the political stalemate are leading increasing numbers of Lebanese people to leave their country. That is a major risk for the country’s future, and is already undermining Lebanon’s sectors of excellence, particularly education and health. The Conference’s participants highlighted that the formation of a government to immediately implement the indispensable reforms is the first step in a sustained effort to address the challenges faced by Lebanon.
The participants stand alongside the Lebanese people on this path and intend to continue their dialogue with Lebanon’s national institutions and civil society. They confirmed their determination to make use of all available instruments to provide direct support to the population. However, structural economic and financial assistance will require profound changes expected from Lebanon’s leaders.” ----Presidency Information Office

Biden Donates $100 million to Lebanon at U.N.-backed Conference
Naharnet/August 04/2021
American President Joe Biden announced on Wednesday, at the virtual conference held in support of Lebanon a humanitarian aid worth $100 million, on top of an amount of approximately $560 million that Washington has provided as a humanitarian aid over the past years. The Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations Amina Mohammed also spoke at the conference, urging Prime Minister-designate Najib Miqati to form a government quickly and stressing that Lebanon is experiencing one of the most terrible crises at the economic, educational and infrastructure levels. The Jordanian King Abdullah II also participated in the conference and said in his speech that “we must provide humanitarian, health and food aid,” highlighting the fact that Lebanon is also “hosting refugees.” French President Emmanuel Macron had led the round of donor pledges with a promise of 100 million euros ($118 million) from France.Macron aims to raise at least $350 million in emergency aid for the Lebanese in this U.N.-backed donor conference for Lebanon, which he is chairing over a video link-up with several world leaders.

Hezbollah’s insistence on control is major cause of Lebanon’s problems: Saudi FM
Reuters/04 August ,2021
Saudi Arabia’s foreign minister said on Wednesday the insistence of the Iran-backed Hezbollah group on imposing its will in Lebanon was a main reason for the country’s crisis, according to Al-Ekhbariya TV and a foreign ministry statement.
Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud also said Riyadh was concerned that no tangible results had been reached in investigations into the Beirut port explosion that devastated swathes of the capital a year ago. He said any assistance to Lebanon would be linked to serious reforms there. A donor conference to raise emergency aid for Lebanon’s crippled economy on Wednesday raised $370 million, French President Emmanuel Macron’s office said.

One year after Beirut port blast, truth remains elusive
The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
BEIRUT--Lebanon marked the first anniversary of the catastrophic Beirut port explosion on Wednesday with prayers for the victims and expressions of anger and sadness from residents who are still in mourning and demanding justice.
One year since the blast, caused by a huge quantity of ammonium nitrate stored unsafely at the port for years, no senior official has been held to account, infuriating many Lebanese as their country endures a financial collapse. More than 200 people were killed and thousands wounded. One of the biggest non-nuclear explosions ever recorded, it was felt in Cyprus, more than 240 km (150 miles) away. An investigation into the blast is stalling as requests to question senior politicians and former officials have been denied.
Waiting for the truth
French President Emmanuel Macron, who has led Western pressure for reform in Lebanon, said its leaders owed the people the truth and heaped new criticism on the governing elite for failing to deal with the economic crisis.
Victims’ families have been organising demonstrations demanding justice for those who lost their lives. “We didn’t forget yet, it is an hour of anger, sadness,” said Khose Khilichian, a resident of the Bourj Hammoud district near the port, who said he would pray for the victims.“My wife and I were on the balcony and we just found ourselves in the middle of the living room. My house was all destroyed.” The damage is still visible across much of Beirut. The port resembles a bomb site, its towering grain silos unrepaired. A huge banner on a building overlooking the port said: “Hostages of a Murderous State.”
“The neighbourhood changed, the spirits changed, everything changed in this neighbourhood,” 72-year-old Habib Frem, who was wounded in the blast and whose house was damaged, said, wearing black to mark the day.
Marches converged on the port where prayers were held just after 6 pm (1500 GMT), coinciding with the time of the blast.
A country in crisis
Leading prayers at a hospital that was badly damaged in the blast, Greek Orthodox Archbishop Elias Audi said the investigation must continue until punishment is meted out to those who deserve it.
Nobody was above the law, he said, and “whoever obstructs justice is a criminal, even if they are highly placed”, he said. At the time of the explosion, Lebanese were already facing deepening hardship due to the financial crisis caused by decades of state corruption and waste. The meltdown worsened throughout the last year with the governing elite failing to establish a new cabinet to start tackling the crisis, even as poverty has soared and medicines and fuel have run out. Hosting a donors’ conference for Lebanon, Macron pledged a further 100 million euros ($120 million) in emergency aid and 500,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines. He is trying to raise more than $350 million.
“Lebanese leaders seem to bet on a stalling strategy, which I regret and I think is a historic and moral failure,” he said. Pope Francis wished success for Macron’s efforts and said donors should help Lebanon “on a path of resurrection”. He said he had a great desire to visit Lebanon, where he said many had lost “even the illusion of living”.
The state has taken no steps towards reforms that might ease the economic crisis, with the sectarian elite locked in a power struggle over posts in a new cabinet to replace the outgoing government of Hassan Diab, who quit after the blast. “We tell everyone without exception, our nation is in danger,” Najib Mikati, a politician-businessman who was tasked last month with trying to form a cabinet, said in a statement marking what he called a “painful” anniversary. In an op-ed, senior officials from the United Nations, European Union and World Bank said the investigation into the port blast continues to stall “without a truly independent judiciary able to block political intervention”. “The country critically needs a government capable of managing the crisis, working together with a parliament to make progress on reforms,” they wrote.

365 days after Beirut blast, every day counts
Ralph Tarraf/Najat Rochdi/ Saroj Kumar Jha/The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
We commemorate today the tragedy that took place on August 4, 2020,in Beirut. A man-made disaster, one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history, which killed 214 people, left more than 6,000 injured and shattered the lives and livelihoods of thousands across Lebanon.
365 days later, the people of Lebanon are still waiting for the justice promised by the country’s decision-makers.
365 days later, the investigation continues to stall, without a truly independent judiciary able to block political intervention.
365 days later, we reiterate our call for an effective, independent and transparent investigation that can bring justice for the victims and peace for their families. In a country notorious for its culture of impunity, accountability could demonstrate that change is possible.
As we look back on this year, another tragedy unfolds before our eyes: an economic implosion with severe implications on Lebanon’s social fabric and human capital, which could be an irreversible loss for Lebanon. It is time for the country’s decision-makers, who are entrusted with the safety, security and well-being of their people, to live up to their responsibilities.
We continue to stress to Lebanese counterparts the need to adopt urgent measures to get out of the crisis. Following the blast, the European Union, the United Nations and the World Bank presented a people-centred plan for the recovery and reconstruction of Beirut. At the heart of this plan are reforms. Meaningful socio-economic reforms that the Lebanese authorities should urgently undertake to stabilise the dramatic situation and put Lebanon on the path of economic recovery. Unfortunately, too little has been done.
We remain committed to assist the people of Lebanon. But without a real transformation in the way the country is governed, our efforts mean little. The forthcoming elections offer a unique opportunity for people to make their voices heard and start the change they are calling for. But change must begin now. The country critically needs a government capable of managing the crisis, working together with a parliament to make progress on reforms. It is time to act now. Every day counts.
We extend a hand to those who still believe in this country. Let us work together for a better Lebanon. A country worthy of its great people.
*Ralph Tarraf is ambassador of the European Union to Lebanon.
*Najat Rochdi is UN deputy special coordinator for Lebanon, resident and humanitarian coordinator.
*Saroj Kumar Jha is regional director of the Middle East department of the World Bank.

Clashes with Security Forces as Protesters Mark Port Blast Anniversary
Agence France Presse/August 04/2021
Thousands of grief-stricken Lebanese on Wednesday marked a year since a cataclysmic explosion ravaged Beirut, protesting impunity over the country's worst peacetime disaster at a time when its economy was already in tatters.
Not far from a somber remembrance service being held at the "ground zero" site of the blast, a group of protesters scuffled with riot police near the entrance to parliament, whose members have been accused of stalling a probe into the disaster.
Police fired tear gas at stone-lobbing demonstrators and beat them with batons, in clashes which the Red Cross said left dozens of people injured.
Mournful tunes rang out above central Beirut, as crowds walked towards the dockside, many brandishing posters demanding accountability over the disaster.
On August 4, 2020, a stock of ammonium nitrate fertilizer haphazardly stored at the city's port exploded and left swathes of the Lebanese capital looking like a war zone.
What went down as one of the largest non-nuclear blasts in history killed at least 214 people, levelled entire neighborhoods, irreparably scarred the nation's psyche and deepened the country's economic abyss.
At the clock struck 6:07 pm, the exact time of the blast, thousands stood silently on the empty highway running past the obliterated port, the ruins of its grain silos basking in the evening sunshine.
Sandra Abras, 43, said she had come to pay respect to the victims after she was lucky to survive the explosion, but her home was ravaged in the blast.
"We weren't able to return home for a month and a half... We fixed it with our own money," she said, adding she suffered terrible headaches for months after the event.
Lawyers, doctors and engineers also joined in to pay tribute to those who perished in the blast, whose shockwave was felt as far away as Cyprus.
Port workers were buried under gutted grain silos in the explosion, commuters crushed to death and residents lacerated by supersonic shards of glass bled out in their homes.
- 'My government killed my people' -
At the march a year later, protesters clad in dark hooded robes paraded a mock guillotine.
"My 'government' killed my people, took our homes and turned our city to dust," one woman's sign read.
Wafaa Karam, 37, mourned her brother, a nephew and a cousin, all firefighters killed last summer after they rushed to extinguish the fire that sparked the blast.
"We want the truth," she said. The country's already reviled political class has hidden behind its proclaimed immunity to avoid prosecution, stalling the lead investigating judge's work at every turn. Jeffry Chartouni, a worker at the port's grain silos, said he wanted justice for his seven colleagues killed. "The security officials, the government, the customs, of course they all knew," the 32-year-old said. Since the blast, the country has sunk deeper into economic crisis.
With more than half the population now living under the poverty line, former colonial power France Wednesday pledged $118 million and the United States promised $100 million, at the latest conference to drum up humanitarian aid.
'Nitrate deputies' -
Amnesty International has accused the Lebanese authorities of "shamelessly obstructing" justice, while Human Rights Watch accused them of "criminal negligence."On Monday, relatives of blast victims called on authorities to lift immunity within three days, warning they were willing to "break bones" in upcoming protests. According to foreign and Lebanese intelligence reports seen by AFP, hundreds of tons of fertilizer were carelessly stored in the same warehouse as tons of fireworks and rolls of detonating cord, among other dangerous materials. The reports last year suggested welding work caused the original fire. But more thorough investigations have yet to ascertain that fact and answer how the shipment got there in the first place, or why the hazardous materials were left to fester for years. Lebanon's parliamentarians -- some of whom have been nicknamed the "nitrate deputies" on social media -- are ignoring intense international pressure and threats of sanctions. The political class has also yet to agree on a new cabinet to replace the one that resigned after the explosion, a key condition to unlock any financial assistance to the cash-strapped state. Lebanon's descent into chaos had already started before the port blast, with a bankrupt state trapping people's savings in banks and the national currency nosediving on the black market. The country is now facing medicine, fuel and clean water shortages that are crippling a health sector facing a new wave of Covid infections and leading all of those who can to emigrate.

Minor Scuffles in Zouk, Beirut as Army Seizes Arms from Cars
Naharnet/August 04/2021
Protesters scuffled with the army Wednesday in the Zouk Mosbeh area after troops arrested a man whose car contained a box of 9mm bullets, TV networks said. The army also seized six gas masks from several other cars. A statement issued by the army said “army units in the various Lebanese regions arrested several young men who were heading to take part in the first anniversary of the Beirut port blast while having quantities of arms and ammunition in their possession.”The army also posted pictures of the seized arms and equipment on its official Twitter account. The pictures show machineguns, hand grenades, ammunition and various military equipment. A Lebanese Forces supporter meanwhile assaulted one of the participants in the commemorations in the Beirut port area. The assaulted man said he had encountered a car whose passengers were hoisting LF flags. “He asked them to hoist the Lebanese flag or the army flag instead of parties’ flags on such a tragic anniversary and the exchange then escalated into slurs and insults, after which one of the partisan men beat him up in a severe manner,” LBCI TV reported.

French Ambassador: The Lebanese Need Justice to be Served
Naharnet/August 04/2021
French Ambassador to Lebanon Anne Grillo voiced France’s support to the Lebanese, on the first anniversary of the Beirut port blast. She said in a tweet Wednesday that “her thoughts are with the victims who passed away unjustly.”“The Lebanese need justice to be served, to be able to mourn,” Grillo added.The ambassador expressed her solidarity “with those who survived, with the Beirutis and with all my dear Lebanese friends,” stressing that France and the French people are standing with Lebanon.

Kataeb Party pays tribute to its martyrs on August 4th: For lifting immunities since no one is above accountability
NNA/August 04/2021
Head of the Kataeb Party, Sami Gemayel, announced Wednesday that the period preceding the date of August 4th is not the same as the period following it, stressing on “lifting the immunities off all officials who knew about the ammonium nitrates, since no one is above accountability."
Gemayel criticized the audacity of officials in keeping to their chairs and continuing in power as if nothing has happened. “Why did the nitrates come to Beirut? Who sent them, and for whom? Why did they remain 8 years at the port? Why were they not removed? Why did the quantity of 550 out of 2,700 tons explode? Where did the rest go? How did they get out of the port? In whose trucks and in whose knowledge? And where were they transferred?” he wondered. Gemayel continued to underline that the huge question remains: "Did Hezbollah turn bunker No. 12 into an explosives warehouse in collusion with the Lebanese state? Was it supplying the Syrian regime with nitrates to turn them into barrel bombs to throw at its people? What started the fire? What exploded in the first blast? Why was PM Diab heading to the port a week before the explosion, but later changed his mind? Who told him not to go? And why? What is the relation between the port explosion and the assassination of photographer Joseph Bejjani, retired customs colonel Joseph Skaff, customs anti-smuggling officer Colonel Mounir Abou Rjaili…and the honorable fighter, brother and friend, Luqman Slim?”
Gemayel stressed on receiving answers to all these questions, demanding that immunities be lifted off each and every official who knew about the nitrates, and emphasizing that “no one is above accountability, whether heads of apparatuses, deputies, ministers, current or former presidents.”
“The President of the Republic admitted that he knew 15 days earlier, why is he above accountability? Hezbollah's devices are active in the port, with the knowledge of the security services and all the Lebanese…Why is Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah above accountability?” Gemayel continued to question.
"Anyone who knew is forbidden to be above accountability, without any exception," he strongly reiterated. Gemayel’s words came during the Kataeb Party’s commemoration of the Beirut Port blast, in a gathering held outside the Kataeb Central House in Saifi this afternoon, which was attended by a number of resigned MPs, representatives of the change forces, members of the Kataeb Political Bureau, and a crowd of partisans and friends.

Beirut marks one year since port blast with anger and mourning
Reuters/Jerusalem Post/August 04/2021
A missive blast last year in Lebanon's Beirut port killed hundreds and injured thousands in a country on the brink of economic collapse. Lebanon marked the first anniversary of the catastrophic Beirut port explosion on Wednesday, with residents expressing anger and sadness in a city where many are still in mourning and demanding justice. One year since the blast, caused by a huge quantity of ammonium nitrate stored unsafely at the port for years, no top official has been held to account, infuriating many Lebanese as their country endures a crippling financial collapse. The Lebanese investigation into the blast is stalling as requests to question senior politicians and former officials have been denied. More than 200 people were killed and thousands more wounded in the blast. One of the biggest non-nuclear explosions ever recorded, it was felt in Cyprus, more than 240 km (150 miles) away. Victims' families have been organizing demonstrations demanding justice for those who lost their lives. "We didn't forget yet, it is an hour of anger, sadness," said Khose Khilichian, a resident of the Bourj Hammoud district near the port, who said he would pray for the victims. "My wife and I were on the balcony, and we just found ourselves in the middle of the living room. My house was all destroyed."The damage is still visible across much of Beirut. The port resembles a bomb site, its towering grain silos unrepaired. A huge banner on a building overlooking the port said: "Hostages of a Murderous State." "The neighborhood changed, the spirits changed, everything changed in this neighborhood," 72-year-old Habib Frem, who was wounded in the blast and whose house was damaged, said on Wednesday, wearing black to mark the day.Marches are due to converge on the port where prayers are expected to be held just after 6 p.m. (1500 GMT), coinciding with the time of the blast.
"NATION IN DANGER"
Leading prayers at a hospital that was badly damaged in the blast, Greek Orthodox Archbishop Elias Audi said the investigation must continue until punishment is meted out to those who deserve it. Nobody was above the law, he said, and "whoever obstructs justice is a criminal, even if they are highly placed," he said.At the time of the blast, Lebanese were already facing deepening hardship due to the financial crisis caused by decades of state corruption and waste. The meltdown worsened throughout the last year with the governing elite failing to establish a new cabinet to start tackling the crisis even as poverty has soared and medicines and fuel have run out. French President Emmanuel Macron, who has led Western pressure on Lebanese leaders to enact reforms, pledged a further 100 million euros ($120 million) in emergency aid for Lebanon, and 500,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccines.
Macron will seek to raise more than $350 million in aid at a donors' conference on Wednesday. Pope Francis wished success for Macron's efforts and said donors should help Lebanon "on a path of resurrection," adding that he had a great desire to visit Lebanon where he said many had lost "even the illusion of living." There have been no steps towards reforms that might ease the economic crisis, with the sectarian elite locked in a power struggle over posts in a new cabinet to replace the outgoing government of Hassan Diab, who quit after the blast. "We tell everyone without exception, our nation is in danger," Najib Mikati, a politician-businessman who was tasked last month with trying to form a cabinet, said in a statement marking what he called a "painful" anniversary. In an op-ed distributed by email, senior officials from the U.N., European Union and World Bank said the investigation into the port blast continues to stall, "without a truly independent judiciary able to block political intervention.""The country critically needs a government capable of managing the crisis, working together with a parliament to make progress on reforms," they wrote.

A year after the Beirut blast, survivors are still grieving, still angry, and still waiting for justice
Ben Wedeman/CNN/August 04/2021
Beirut, Lebanon (CNN)I wince every time I see footage of the Beirut port blast. In the leadup to its anniversary my colleagues and I have had to pore over hours of video of the explosion and its aftermath. It's not an easy task. I was at my desk in CNN's Beirut bureau, contemplating what to do after work on a hot August evening, when I felt the building shake.
An earthquake, I thought.
As I crouched down to take cover, I heard a huge explosion, followed by a tide of shattering glass. I stumbled from room to room in a daze, stepping over twisted aluminum window frames, cables, chairs and broken equipment.
Was it a car bomb? I asked myself. An airstrike?
I looked outside and saw a strange orange-red cloud floating overheard. Below in the street, car alarms were squawking in a cacophonous chorus, the air full of dust, people were running around, shouting in confusion.
I called CNN producer Ghazi Balkiz. He answered, only to say he was OK but that was it. Next, I tried calling our cameraman, Richard Harlow. No answer. I called again and again. Still no answer. Richard eventually made it back to the office, his right hand a bloody mess, and a gaping wound in his leg which he only discovered hours later, numbed by the shock and adrenalin of the moment. Ghazi showed up later, after he'd taken his wife Sally to a chaotic hospital to be treated for multiple wounds caused by flying glass. The scenes from that hospital, he said, were worse than any he had seen covering the wars in Syria and Iraq. Everyone who survived the events of August 4, 2020, in Beirut vividly recalls the shock, bewilderment and confusion they felt in the moments after the blast.
Since then, those emotions have been replaced by others -- anger, rage and resentment -- that the dangerous ingredients that caused it had lain so close to the heart of this bustling city for more than six years. One year ago, at 6.08 p.m. on an otherwise unremarkable Tuesday, they detonated in a mushroom cloud of death and destruction -- one of the largest non-nuclear blasts in history. Since then, Lebanon has plummeted even deeper into an abyss of economic and financial oblivion, political paralysis, and despair which it had begun sinking into long before the explosion. For those who lost loved ones, the blast, and their demands for justice and accountability, remain a constant. On a hot, humid afternoon in late July, Elias Maalouf stands outside the Justice Ministry in Beirut holding up a photograph of his son, George, in military uniform. George was killed when hundreds of tonnes of ammonium nitrate, stored in the port since it was confiscated in 2013, exploded leaving a 400-foot wide crater and a trail of destruction spreading more than 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the epicenter of the blast. "Every day his mother cries and cries," said Maalouf. "She asks, 'Why doesn't George come over for coffee? Why doesn't he come over for the weekend?'" Elias Maalouf stands outside the justice ministry in Beirut holding up a photograph of his son George, who was killed in the blast.
George, 32, was engaged to be married. "I wanted him to fill our house with grandchildren," his father said.
Maalouf says he searched for eleven days to find his son's body.
He and the families of many of the others who died have gathered regularly to demand justice for the more than 200 people killed in the blast but, a year on, it remains elusive.
Investigation goes nowhere
The day after the explosion, Lebanon's interior minister Mohamed Fahmi promised an investigation that he said would "be transparent, take five days, and any officials involved will be held accountable." The first judge appointed to lead the inquiry, Fadi Sawan, was dismissed after the politicians he wanted to press charges against took him to court. They argued he was incapable of impartiality because his house was damaged in the blast. Another judge, Tariq Bitar, took his place. But when he asked to question senior officials, including the powerful head of public security General Abbas Ibrahim, the interior minister ruled that Ibrahim could not be subject to interrogation. Dozens of members of parliament, representing almost every political party across the spectrum, signed a petition to take the case out of Judge Bitar's hands and move it to a previously unknown "Judicial Council." This sparked a social media campaign against the so-called "deputies of shame." A year on, the "rapid" and "transparent" investigation has gone nowhere. A report published by Human Rights Watch this week summed up some of the reasons why. "In the year since the blast ... a range of procedural and systemic flaws in the domestic investigation have rendered it incapable of credibly delivering justice. These flaws include a lack of judicial independence, immunity for high-level political officials, lack of respect for fair trial standards, and due process violations," the report found.
What I saw on 4 August killed my heart," recalled Samia Doughan, holding a photograph of her husband Mohammad, who was killed in the blast. "I saw people in pieces," she said. "I saw people mutilated while I was searching for my husband."
Turning her anger on those who run the country, she said: "For 30 years they destroyed us, they made us beggars, they impoverished us, humiliated us, they murdered us."
"They" are Lebanon's political elite -- a group of mostly men representing Lebanon's 18 officially recognized religious sects. A power-sharing arrangement dating back to French colonial rule ensures that Lebanon's spoils are divided among them -- behind a façade of democratic elections.
They're a seductive lot, especially to Western media: Gracious, accessible, sophisticated, worldly, well-travelled, and often fluent in English and French, they dish out soundbites and insider gossip that guarantee an interesting article or report.
They've done well for themselves. Most are fabulously wealthy, living in splendid isolation in their luxury mansions, shielded from a populace reeling from one crisis after another.
But sometimes the sheer absurdity of that separation becomes vividly apparent.
Najib Mikati, Lebanon's latest prime minister designate -- the third to try and form a government in less than a year -- recently appeared on Lebanese television to lament the lot of this cursed blessed land's self-appointed leaders.
"We're ashamed to walk in the streets," he told local broadcaster MTV. "I want to go to a restaurant!" he said, the frustration in his voice clear. "We want to live!"
Since the October 2019 uprising that brought hundreds of thousands of people to the streets to protest Lebanon's rotten political system, politicians and their spouses trying to dine out have become a favorite target of activists on the lookout to blame and shame those who have brought the country not just to the brink of ruin, but to ruin itself.
More than 50% of the population here now lives below the poverty line.
In the last two years Lebanon's currency, the lira, has lost more than 90% of its value against the dollar. Two years ago, the minimum wage was equivalent to $450, now it is worth little more than $35.
Petrol is in short supply. Power cuts in Beirut often run for more than 20 hours a day. Thousands of businesses have closed. Unemployment has skyrocketed. Baby formula has disappeared from the market. People beg relatives visiting from overseas to bring life-saving medicines no longer available in pharmacies here.
All of which means that Mikati's seemingly heartfelt plea -- "We want to live!" -- falls on deaf ears. Miqati, who hails from Tripoli, Lebanon's poorest city, is the country's richest man. Forbes Middle East estimates his net worth at $2.5 billion in 2021 -- up by $400 million over the past year. Mikati was charged with corruption in 2019. He denied the allegations.
It seems self-awareness is the only thing the elite here lack.
Investigative journalist Riad Kobaissi has spent years digging up tales of corruption and mismanagement in Beirut's port, which he says Lebanon's various political factions have benefited from for years. Kobaissi scoffs at the idea that any one faction is better or cleaner than another; he says the port catastrophe only made that more obvious. "It's a system failure," he said. "And those who compose this system, despite the contradictions between them, are refusing to take responsibility for what happened."The port blast, he said, "is a direct result of the cohabitation of the mafia and the militia. Bottom line!"
'Exponentially growing rage'
I first met Paul and Tracy Naggear 17 days after the port blast. They were still in a state of shock. Their three-year-old daughter, Alexandra, whom they had taken to the protests in 2019, was killed when the force of the explosion threw her across a room in their home, crushing her skull.
"We were aggressed and killed in our houses," Paul said then, his face still bruised. "The only shelter, or the only place of safety that you thought was still there, we don't have anymore. It's just too much.""The rage we have today is exponentially growing, and reality is hitting us," said Tracy.
I interviewed the couple again just days before the anniversary. Just before we turned off the camera, Paul said, "Wait, I have just one thing to say.""The only thing we ask for," he said, "is for the European Union, France, Germany, the UK, the US, the UN to cut all diplomatic ties with this mafia ruling regime. They're criminals. They're traitors to the nation." "It's ridiculous," added Tracy. "The problem with this government is that they are not just criminals. They don't know how to do things. They're big failures. They don't know how to manage electricity. They don't know how to manage food. They don't know how to manage health. It's not just the economy. We have nothing in Lebanon."Paul brushed off the increasingly urgent calls from abroad for Lebanon's squabbling politicians to form a government, implement reforms and root out rampant corruption."Please! Stop asking them to form a government," he said. "Not these guys. They're thugs. Garbage in, garbage out."
Almost everyone in Beirut today is angry.
One of the slogans of the October 2019 uprising against the political elite was "Kulun yaani kulun" -- "All of them, meaning all of them" -- referring to the widespread demand that the entire political elite be swept away to allow Lebanon to realize its potential.
Yet all of them have managed to weather the triple storm of the past year -- explosion, economic collapse, and coronavirus pandemic -- intact and healthy, physically and mentally. Meanwhile the rest of the country struggles on, day by day.
Lebanon's political class has failed, as Tracy Naggear, still mourning her daughter, said. A year on from the deadly blast, many here are asking when they will finally be held accountable.

Israel conducts air strikes on targets in south Lebanon: Statement
Joseph Haboush & Rawad Taha, Al Arabiya English/04 August ,2021
Israeli warplanes carried out airstrikes on unidentified targets in south Lebanon, the Israeli army said overnight Wednesday.An Israeli army spokesperson said warplanes targeted areas where rockets were launched at Israel earlier in the day.
A separate air strike was carried out on a target where rockets were previously launched at Israel. During the 11-day Israeli bombardment of Gaza, rockets were reportedly fired by Palestinian factions based in south Lebanon. Lebanon's The Daily Star cited a local security source as saying that two targets were struck in south Lebanon.An Al Arabiya English correspondent heard a loud explosion near the Dimashkiye area. The Israeli army spokesperson threatened more strikes and warned against escalation. "The Lebanese state shoulders responsibility for what takes place inside its territory," the official said.

US condemns rocket attacks from Lebanon on Israel
Reuters/04 August ,2021
The United States condemned rocket attacks targeting Israel by armed groups based in Lebanon, the State Department said Wednesday, adding that it will remain engaged with Lebanese and Israeli partners to de-escalate the situation. “We absolutely condemn the rocket attacks from armed groups, based in Lebanon, that were fired into Israel,” State Department Spokesman Ned Price told reporters.

Three rockets fired towards northern Israel, IDF retaliates
Atutz Shiva/August 04/2021
No injuries reported after two rockets land in Israeli territory.
A "Color Red" air raid siren sounded early Wednesday afternoon in the town of Kiryat Shmona, near Israel's northern border, sending Israelis to bomb shelters. According to an initial report by the IDF, the sirens sounded in Kiryat Shmona, Kfar Giladi, and Tel Hai, after three rockets were fired from Lebanon into Israeli territory. One of the rockets fell short and landed in Lebanese territory, while the other two landed within Israel's borders. Reports said that at least one missile had fallen in an open area near Kiryat Shmona. Though there have been no reports of physical injuries, Magen David Adom is currently treating four victims for shock. Responding to the attack on Israeli civilians, the IDF Artillery forces fired into Lebanese territory, towards the site from which the missiles were fired. Later on Tuesday afternoon, a Defense Ministry statement noted that the IDF is continuing to conduct additional artillery strikes along the Lebanese border. The IDF's current estimate is that a pro-Palestinian Authority organization is responsible for the attacks. The Iron Dome missile defense system was not activated, and none of the missiles were shot down. Meanwhile, Defense Minister Benny Gantz (Blue and White) and IDF Chief of Staff Aviv Kochavi are holding a briefing on the matter. Also attending the meeting were Director of the MoD Policy Bureau , Head of the Operations Directorate and Head of the IDF’s Intelligence Directorate. During the meeting, Gantz instructed the officials to deliver a firm message to UNIFIL following the attack. Doron Shenper, a spokesperson for the Kiryat Shmona municipality, requested that residents remain in their "safe spaces" until further notice is given."We are strong and we will get past this," he said. "No one was injured, and that's what's important."

Army: Enemy artillery targeted several areas in southern Lebanon
NNA/August 04/2021
Lebanese Army Command - Orientation Directorate issued the following statement this evening: "The artillery of the Israeli enemy directed today ninety-two shells at the areas of Wadi Hamoul, Al-Sadana, Sahel Al-Mari, Rashaya Al-Fokhar outskirts, Sahel Al-Khiam, in addition to Blat Plain, after rockets were fired from one of the southern areas towards the occupied Palestinian territories.”“The army conducted patrols in the region, setting-up a number of checkpoints, and initiated investigations to uncover the identities of the rocket launchers,” the statement added, assuring that “the situation is being monitored in coordination with the United Nations Interim Force in South Lebanon.”

Four enemy shells fall on Kfarshouba Hilltops
NNA/August 04/2021
Four shells fell on the hills of Kfarshouba inside the Lebanese territories this afternoon, launched from the Israeli enemy forces’ Ruwaisat Al-Alam post, NNA correspondent reported. Meanwhile, the Israeli enemy shelling continued in the Sadana area outside the town of Shebaa, which resulted in a fire that broke out between the Hebarieh and Shebaa regions, NNA correspondent added, noting that the Civil Defense units were unable to put out the fire due to the heavy enemy shelling of the area far-reaching the heights of Shouwaya.

Army: Arrest of citizens in possession of weapons, ammunition in Zouk & Sidon
NNA/August 04/2021
Lebanese Army Command - Orientation Directorate issued a statement this afternoon, in which it indicated that “Army units deployed since the early morning have taken precautionary measures to keep pace with the commemoration of the Beirut Port explosion, by setting up fixed checkpoints and patrols in order to prevent riots or clashes. In this context, they arrested a citizen in the Zouk area in possession of a Pump-action weapon, pistol ammunition, sticks, gas masks and metal chains, while six other citizens were arrested at the Awali checkpoint in Sidon, who were in possession of weapons, ammunition and military equipment.”“The seized materials were handed over to the concerned sides, as investigations with the detainees were initiated under the judiciary’s supervision,” the statement added.

“Amal Movement” denies circulated news about confiscated weapons that were on their way to the Beirut Port commemoration ceremony
NNA/August 04/2021
The leadership of the "Amal" Movement denied, in an issued statement this afternoon, the circulated news about an image showing confiscated weapons that were on their way to the Beirut Port memorial event, stressing its keenness on "respecting the measures of the army and security apparatuses.”The statement demanded herein that "all the appropriate measures be taken to maintain stability, and to control any violation of security measures."

Geagea: Beirut Port blast will not go unnoticed, immunity to be lifted off all
NNA/August 04/2021
"For us, the Strong Republic Bloc and the Lebanese Forces Party, there is no immunity for anyone in the case of the port explosion…and we are immediately with lifting immunity off any official or person whom the judicial investigator asks to lift the immunity off,” Lebanese Forces Party Chief, Samir Geagea, affirmed on Wednesday, calling on all those who claim to want justice to support the judicial investigator in his demands and not to obstruct his work. He stressed that "the bombing of the Port of Beirut will not go unnoticed, as other cases have passed...We are more determined than ever to pursue this case in order to bring it to its true conclusions, as it should be through knowing how the port blast took place and who is responsible for it, and this is all we want.”Geagea's words came in a statement after a meeting by the "Strong Republic" Parliamentary Bloc, which he chaired at the Party’s headquarters in Maarab.

The Criminal State and the Mandated Internationalization
Charles Elias Chartouni/August 04/2021
“The belly is still fertile from which the foul beast sprang”(Bertold Brecht)
The Human Rights Watch report brings the evidence of the governing oligarchy’s direct implication in the preparation of the impending disaster of August 4th 2020. The complicities, omissions and sense of impunity were behind this monumental explosion which destroyed the Eastern part of the capital, and tore down at the very essence of Lebanon’s nationhood, liberal political values, conviviality, and raison d’être. The complicities of the reigning oligarchs all along the political, administrative, legal and security spectrums, invalidate their legal statuses and right to oversee the criminal investigation and legal process. Criminals and their accomplices should be dismissed and the whole dossier, in its forensic and legal aspects, should be deferred to the international criminal court after the deliberate bungling made us lose one year, and left the community of victims and the destroyed capital under the discretionary power of a political class which demonstrated its moral callousness, ostentatious cynicism, and utter disregard for its moral, legal and political obligations.
This moral chasm is irreversible and there are no chances to repair it since the ethical betrayal has vitiated the essence of moral and civic boundedness which characterize democratic citizenship. The HRW report is part of an all encompassing investigative process which has amply documented the professional and moral pitfalls of a willingly botched investigative, legal and incriminating process, that failed a year after the disaster, to build a legal case and proceed into incrimination. To the contrary, the reigning oligarchs have doubled down on denial, investigative and legal sabotaging, and sheltering behind spurious legal immunities designed to protect politicians and bureaucrats whose responsibility was fully documented throughout the legal process.
The commemoration of this appalling tragedy is a watershed, there is no more room for perpetuating this culture of mendacity, duplicity and insidious violence, it’s time for justice, moral reckoning and reconciliation around the values of constitutional State, democracy, liberalism, justice, holistic ecology, empathy, solidarity, and basic Human Rights…. The oligarchic wheeling and dealing is not part of our grammar and should not be part of our political future, and the civic movements are our path to the alternative future. The steady civic movements have built a momentum of their own and testify to the determination of the young generation to overcome this state of political prostration, and face up to the terrorist plague embodied by the beast that destroyed our capital and left it’s indelible scars on our bodies, souls and streets.

Lebanon’s League of Victims
Mohanad Hagi Ali/Carnegie MEC/August 04/2021
The country’s political leaders are hindering an investigation into the explosion at Beirut port, but that’s par for the course.
On July 13, three weeks before the first anniversary of the August 4 explosion last year in Beirut port, families of the more than 200 victims tried to storm the home of Lebanon’s caretaker interior minister, Mohammed Fahmi. They were angry that Fahmi had refused to lift the immunity of a senior general whom the judge investigating the explosion wanted to question. The families, holding empty coffins to commemorate their loved ones, were beaten back by police for demanding justice and accountability.
Fahmi’s refusal to allow General Abbas Ibrahim, the head of the General Security Directorate, to meet with the investigating judge, Tareq Bitar, was followed by the Lebanese parliament’s efforts to stall similar requests. Bitar wants to question a number of security chiefs as well as parliamentarians who held ministerial positions in governments that had allowed the 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate, which caused the blast, to remain stocked in the port for years.
Lebanon’s political leadership is intent on blocking the investigation. Last February, a court removed the previous investigating judge, Fadi Sawan, after he accused two former ministers of negligence. This blatant denial of justice and the sheer magnitude of the August 4 bombing have turned the families of the victims into a determined pressure group. They have led protests and remained united in an unequal fight against a political class that remains above the law and is mostly composed of former warlords and corrupt businessmen.
Given Lebanon’s power-sharing system and the impact of this on political and administrative decisions, responsibility for the shipment of ammonium nitrate likely encompassed a wide cross-section of members of the political class. The chemical compound was stored in the port as of September 2013, and the fact that nothing was done to remove it epitomized the crimes of the political leadership in the three decades since the end of Lebanon’s civil war. The country’s politicians have ruled through a combination of greed, indifference to the public good, and a total absence of accountability. This governing mentality has placed the country on a path to self-destruction.
However, the victims of the port explosion were only the latest in a long line of victims, dating back to Lebanon’s fifteen-year-old civil war that began in April 1975. No one was ever held accountable for the crimes committed during the conflict, which led to the death of some 150,000 people, according to certain estimates. Indeed, a general amnesty law passed in 1991 prevented the prosecution of a large majority of those who had committed wartime crimes.
Only the families of those who disappeared during the war—a figure estimated anywhere between 5,000 and 17,000 people—protested against the implications of the amnesty law. Despite scant media coverage and little support from civil society, the families pursued their efforts, often at a high cost. Najat Hashisho, the wife of a communist high school teacher, took her husband’s case to court, identifying one of her neighbors as being among the militiamen who had abducted him. Her court case, filed on January 23, 1991, failed to advance for over 22 years as court sessions were repeatedly delayed, unjustifiably, until she lost. In a statement after the disappointing end of her court battle, Najat asked, “Is it fair that those who caused harm live in safety and stability, while the families of the kidnapped suffer from psychological torture and persistent anxiety?”
Her question has never been as timely as today. Lebanon’s tragedy continues, as its political class remains entirely unscathed by the suffering it has caused. In October 2019, following mass nation-wide demonstrations against the country’s political leadership, the Lebanese woke up to discover that their banks had frozen their accounts, the consequence of a growing financial crisis that had been brewing for some time. Yet these same banks, many of which have close ties to the country’s leaders, allowed politicians to transfer billions of dollars into their accounts overseas.
The fact that a majority of the Lebanese population has since fallen under the poverty line has not changed the behavior of the political class in any way. For the country’s politicians, it is business as usual. No one is held accountable, so no one cares, while the lavish weddings and foreign travels of the political elite continue. The politicians’ focus is now on the three elections scheduled for next year—municipal elections, parliamentary elections, and the presidential election. Their campaigning includes garnering support by heightening sectarian polarization and using fresh foreign currency brought back from abroad to buy political loyalty.
On August 4, the families of the victims of the port explosion and their supporters will be calling for accountability. The league of Lebanese victims is expanding—depositors who lost their life savings, employees whose salaries have evaporated because of the Lebanese pound’s collapse, and the families of the dead and disappeared from recent decades. One thing is clearer than ever, namely that Lebanon’s political class only brings misery to the population. The list of its victims is becoming too long for things to remain as they are.
*Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees.
Presidents, Kings and Heads of international organizations speak at the Conference in Support of Lebanon and the Lebanese in Paris

President Macron: France will allocate 100 million Euros as direct support to the Lebanese in education, food and health aid, in addition to providing 500,000 COVID-19 vaccines
President Macron affirms his appreciation to President Aoun as a freedom fighter
UN Deputy Secretary General: This conference constitutes a unique opportunity to provide more urgent assistance to the Lebanese to avoid a humanitarian catastrophe
President Biden announces that the US will provide humanitarian aid worth 100 million US Dollars, asserts that foreign aid wouldn’t be enough if Lebanese leaders didn’t commit to reforms and fighting corruption
King Abdullah: We cannot wait and see the Lebanese approaching the abyss, Coordinated international assistance is required
President Al-Sisi: This meeting is a message to Lebanese officials that once a government is formed, we can move from humanitarian aid to real economic aid
Kuwaiti Prime Minister: The international community cannot continueto help without Lebanon taking a united and solidarity step
Premier Al-Kazemi: We renew our commitment to provide all requiredrapid assistance in terms of food and oil...We will continue to exert our efforts by providing medical and food aid, in addition to fuel to operate electric power stations
EU President: International assistance depends on a tangible development in the reforms required to emerge this crisis
IMF Director: Lebanon will receive 860 million $ in assistance to meet the urgent needs of the Lebanese
Trudeau: Canada will give 20 million USD as aid for Lebanon
British Foreign Secretary: Lebanese officials must reveal the reality of the explosion, secure the holding of parliamentary elections, and not waste time waiting for this maturity in order to form a capable and effective government to implement reforms
UAE Minister of State for International Cooperation: Lebanon must distance itself from regional conflicts, divisions and polarization policies
Spanish Foreign Minister calls on all Lebanese parties to support the Prime Minister-designate in accelerating the formation of the government through the spirit of settlement
Saudi Foreign Minister: “Lebanon's future depends on restoring its sovereignty”
Italian Foreign Minister: We are concerned with the deteriorating economic and financial conditions of the Lebanese military and security forces, and we will continue to support them
German Foreign Minister confirms that his country will add 40 million Euros to the value of the aid it provided last August
Le Drian announces aid worth 370 million Euros, and more than 357 million US Dollars allocated for next year
Le Drian sends a message to officials warning them “Lebanon is in danger”
Brazil supports Lebanon with 4 thousand tons of rice, continue cooperation in several fields facing the repercussions of the explosion
Switzerland supports Lebanon with 20 million Swiss Francs, calls for the fast formation of a government
EU Investment Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development express full readiness to help Lebanon
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NNA – The Conference for Supporting Lebanon and the Lebanese started in Paris at 1:00pm today with French President, Emmanuel Macron’s speech. President Macron stressed that “Holding this conference aims to take practical steps to help the Lebanese” Macron said, noting that “In the coming months, France will allocate an amount of 100 million Euros as direct support to the Lebanese people, dispersed in the sectors of education, food and health aid, in addition to providing 500,000 COVID-19 vaccines, through the month of August”.
President Macron also pointed out that France will contribute to the reconstruction of the Beirut Port, especially through emergency assistance which will be provided to maintain its activities.
In addition, the French President stressed that this aid will be directly and transparently directed to NGOs, and through UN channels, considering that “The Lebanese crisis is the result of individual and collective failure and unjustified actions, and as a result of mistakes which occurred against public interest”. Macron stressed that all the political class contributed to the exacerbation of the crisis when they placed personal interests above the interests of the Lebanese.
Moreover, President Macron addressed President Aoun and stressed the appreciation he has for him as a freedom fighter, calling on him to form a new government and find the necessary settlement, while implementing the paper which was agreed upon a year ago. Macron stated that the urgent priority now is to form a government which can take exceptional measures, in the service of the Lebanese.
“We have been able to take strict measures against the personalities involved in corruption and political obstruction in Lebanon, and we have established with our European partners a special system of sanctions for the sake of Lebanon. Officials should not doubt our determination to implement these sanctions” Macron said.
UN Deputy Secretary-General:
Then, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mrs. Amina Mohammed, confirmed, on behalf of Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, the international community’s support for the Lebanese people, extending condolences to the Lebanese for the victims of the explosion, calling for a transparent investigation.
Mrs. Mohammed pointed out that Lebanon is experiencing one of the most terrible crises at the economic, educational, infrastructure and other levels, and the need of the Lebanese is exacerbating while the Lebanese are still suffering from a government deadlock for nearly a year.
“We are waiting for Prime Minister-designate Najib Mikati to form a government quickly, because the Lebanese deserve the establishment of strong institutions which seek to save the country, and to an administration that achieves stability and growth, and invests in the capabilities of the Lebanese youth” Mrs. Mohammed said.
“The conference today aims to provide urgent aid to the Lebanese people, in light of the fact that more than half of the Lebanese are below the poverty line, and to secure safe drinking water and other requirements of daily life, in addition to the suffering of refugees and displaced persons, in addition to the difficult health situation as well. The United Nations, like other countries, supports the Lebanese people in the difficulties they are facing, and works in coordination with non-governmental organizations to meet some needs, praising the remarkable activity of these associations and the Lebanese youth” the Deputy Secretary General continued.
After reviewing the aid that the United Nations has secured since the explosion in the port until today at various levels, to help Lebanon rise and rebuild the basic infrastructure that has been destroyed, Mrs. Amina Mohammed stressed that this conference constitutes a unique opportunity to provide more urgent assistance to the Lebanese to avoid a humanitarian catastrophe.
There is a need to develop an emergency plan to respond to the necessary needs of the neediest, but this assistance will not suffice unless projects and plans for sustainable development, continuity in the future, and the establishment of a fast social protection service system for economic reform, transparency, judicial independence and the fight against corruption” Mrs. Mohammed added.
“I renewed the commitment of the UN to provide all support to Lebanon and its people” Mrs. Mohammed concluded.
US President:
For his part, US President Joe Biden affirmed everyone’s solidarity in order to save Lebanon after the terrible explosion which afflicted it a year ago.
President Biden pointed to the additional suffering of the Lebanese people during the past year as a result of the political and economic crises which could have been avoided.
“The United States is proud of the assistance it provided to Lebanon for a long time, and I have visited this country several times and it is wonderful. I announced humanitarian aid from the United States in the amount of 100 million dollars, in addition to approximately 560 million dollars provided by Washington in humanitarian aid during the past years. I call on my counterparts in all countries to strengthen their support for the Lebanese people, but all this foreign aid will not be enough, if the Lebanese leaders do not commit to doing the difficult but necessary work to carry out economic reforms and combat corruption” President Biden said.
“A government must be formed quickly, to work on the priority of putting Lebanon on the path to recovery, and if the Lebanese leaders choose this option, they will find the United States at their side in every step to build a promising and stronger future for the Lebanese. There is no time to waste” the US President continued.
“We are here to help you if you stick to your commitments” President Biden concluded.
Jordanian King:
Jordanian King Abdullah II Bin Al-Hussein drew attention to the repercussions of the explosion and its dire consequences on Lebanon and the world. King Abdullah considered that the Lebanese crisis is worsening day after day on multi-levels, especially in basic life matters. “Without coordinated international assistance, this crisis would transcend the Lebanese borders to reach the entire region. Aid must reflect positively on the Lebanese, and must be distributed fairly, and the coordination which will allow us to meet the needs faster and more effectively”.
We cannot wait and see the Lebanese approaching the abyss. We must provide humanitarian, health and food aid, and we must not forget that the Lebanese also host refugees.
King Abdullah stressed the importance of Lebanese institutions and called for stability and the support of the security forces, which would allow securing the needs of the Lebanese in this difficult situation.
“I hope that countries will be able to unite their efforts to send a message to the Lebanese that they are in their heart and conscience and are not forgotten in this difficult circumstance” King Abdullah concluded.
President Al-Sisi:
Then, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi stressed the importance of this meeting to help the Lebanese face the difficulties which have multiplied in all sectors of life, which are also reflected in the situation of the region as a whole.
“Egypt hopes to find solutions during this meeting to help the brotherly Lebanese people” Al-Sisi said, recalling the assistance provided by Cairo since the explosion last year, and quickly on multiple levels.
The Egyptian president indicated that the economic crisis in Lebanon is exacerbated by the political void which the country is experiencing, and Egypt demands once again that this vacuum be filled and corrected to prevent Lebanon from entering into a vortex in which everyone will fall. “The Lebanese deserve the establishment of a responsible government that prioritizes the interests of the country. A government free of sectarianism and politics, capable of facing current challenges, protecting the sovereignty of the people, and gaining international confidence and recognition” Al-Sisi said.
“Egypt has exerted several efforts, since August 4, 2020, to contribute to solving the political crises, due to its relations with various Lebanese officials. Contacts are still ongoing and coordination is in place with other friendly countries in order to reach a solution that suits the Lebanese. Egypt once again calls on all countries in the region to move away from the policy of taking sides, and to make efforts to overcome the crisis that does not benefit anyone. Egypt is ready to provide its support to all parties” President Al-Sisi continued.
“This meeting is a message to all Lebanese leaders and officials, that as soon as a government which inspires confidence is formed, we can move from humanitarian aid to real economic aid, and then the picture of the future of the Lebanese people may become clear” Al-Sisi added.
The Egyptian President concluded that “For Egypt, Lebanon has always been a source of openness, brilliance and Arab culture. Lebanon enjoys the capabilities which qualify it to get out of this crisis and move on forward”.
World Health Organization:
WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adanon Gebrezos, referred in his speech to the efforts exerted by the World Health Organization with a group of international and local organizations to prevent the collapse of the health system in Lebanon, especially that half of the Lebanese people live below the poverty line in light of poor health care. Gebrezos stated health problems located in Lebanon.
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development:
Secretary-General of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Mathias Corman, called for the need to provide urgent aid to Lebanon, and to establish a framework that allows transparency and accountability for the delivery of this aid.
Corman also pointed out that the organization can help Lebanon to carry out the required reforms and anti-corruption measures.
Danish Foreign Policy Minister:
The Danish Minister of Foreign Policy, Jesper Muller Sorensen, called on the Lebanese officials to assume their responsibilities in facing the crisis which the country is witnessing, and to form a government capable of carrying out necessary reforms and achieving stability.
Kuwaiti Prime Minister:
Kuwaiti Prime Minister Sheikh Sabah Al-Khaled Al-Sabah said “Our participation in the conference is to emphasize that Lebanon and the Lebanese are a priority for all of us. Kuwait seeks to promote dialogue between the various Lebanese parties to reach solutions”.
Sheikh Al-Sabah called for the need to reach a political, economic and judicial balance in Lebanon, and to find solutions to the current economic crisis, stressing everyone’s readiness to help Lebanon recover from the effects of this explosion. “Kuwait provided additional assistance worth $30 million to repair and construct the charades, and medical and food aid was also provided via air bridge, in addition to many aids in many fields and fields, and on the issue of Syrian refugees.
“Lebanon has reached a crossroad. We must do everything to help it overcome this ordeal, but it is important that the Lebanese find solutions themselves, because the international community cannot continue to help without Lebanon taking a united and solidarity step” Al-Sabah concluded.
Sweden’s Minister for International Development:
The Swedish Minister of State for International Development, Janine Alm Ericson, indicated that Sweden is contributing 12 million Euros in aid for Lebanon this year.
“We hope for the rapid formation of a democratic credible government, which is capable of achieving required reforms” Minister Ericson stated.
Minister of State at the Slovakian Foreign Affairs Ministry:
Slovakian Minister of State, Ingrid Prokova, saw that Lebanon’s long term recovery requires the achievement of essential reforms. Prokova called for the formation of a government which works to achieve the interests of Lebanon and the reform of the Lebanese economy.
Undersecretary of the Omani Foreign Affairs Ministry, for Diplomatic Affairs:
Sheikh Khalifa Bin Ali Al Harthy, asserted Oman’s permanent support for Lebanon in confronting difficulties, and hoped that Lebanon will be able to overcome the effects of this current crisis.
Iraqi Prime Minister:
Iraqi Premier, Mustafa Al-Kazemi, considered that the tragedy of the Beirut Port explosion united the Lebanese. “We are meeting today in order to discuss how to confront the challenges which face the Lebanese. This prompts us to reaffirm our stand with the Lebanese people to help them overcome this explosion, each from his position. Iraq support the efforts made to halt the political and economic crisis which Lebanon is currently witnessing” Al-Kazemi said.
“Lebanese political leaders must assume their responsibilities in consolidating the stability of Lebanon, preserving Lebanese unity and international friendship ties. This issue in itself constitutes a response to the aspirations of the Lebanese people, through carrying out necessary reforms in order to extricate the country from the difficult conditions in which Lebanon currently lives in” Al-Kazemi continued.
Premier Al-Kazemi also pointed out that the solution remains possible thanks to the wisdom of the Lebanese.
“We are fully confident that the Lebanese people will emerge victorious from these challenges with a more solid determination. Iraq calls for the help of the Lebanese people, especially in overcoming the economic situation. It is imperative that a road map be drawn up for this, and what is required is that Lebanon help itself by itself. I would like to stress that Iraq is doing everything it can to strengthen Lebanon’s security and stability” Al-Kazemi continued.
Al-Kazemi finally stressed that Iraq “Renews its commitment to provide all required rapid assistance in terms of food and oil. We will continue to exert our efforts by providing medical and food aid and fuel to operate electric power plants, and we are doing this because it is our duty towards our brothers who are in suffering”.
EU President:
European Union President Charles Michel said: “It is unfortunate that the Lebanese authorities, so far, have not managed to reveal any light regarding the cause of the tragic tragedy of the port explosion. The families of the victims and the Lebanese people are still waiting for answers. We urge the concerned Lebanese authorities to proceed with the investigations to reach the desired conclusions, to find out who is behind this explosion”.
Michel revealed that the EU has so far allocated 170 million euros for direct assistance to the Lebanese, in cooperation with the United Nations and the World Bank. Michel also stated that what is required of the international community is to support sustainable and equitable growth for Lebanon, pointing out that “It is time for Lebanon to form a government in the required speed, and to hold elections on time”.
In addition, Michel stressed that international assistance depends on a tangible development in the reforms required to get out of the crisis.
“For a long time, Lebanon has been a model for living together in peace and a source of inspiration for the region and the world, and the Lebanese people can rely on the European commitment, and the responsibility is required by the Lebanese officials themselves. The Lebanese people have the right to have leaders who take responsibility and play their role to the fullest, for Lebanon to rise again” Michel concluded.
IMF:
The Director-General of the International Monetary Fund, Christalina Georgiev, considered that “Since our first meeting, parts of the capital Beirut have been reconstructed, and there was hope that this tragedy would entail political, economic and social reforms. Unfortunately, this did not happen”.
While reviewing the difficult economic conditions of Lebanon, Georgiev indicated that Lebanon will receive aid worth 860 million dollars to meet the urgent needs of the Lebanese people.
Georgiev also stressed the need to form a government which undertakes the tasks of carrying out the reforms required to revive the economy, considering that “The energy sector is the most accurate in this context, and there must be more transparency along with in-depth financial reforms to restore confidence in the country, restructure the banking sector and protect small depositors”.
Georgiev concluded saying “O wonderful Lebanese people, we stand by you, and we look forward to forming a government, to join everyone in working to put an end to the tragedy that Lebanon has been experiencing since the explosion that occurred a year ago”.
World Bank President:
President of the World Bank, David Malpass said “We are together to help Lebanon emerge this humanitarian crisis which it experiences. Lebanon is in need of a government which emphasizes transparency, human rights and an accountability system which tackles all institutions”.
Malpass referred to the assistance provided by the World Bank, and said that “It is urgent that Lebanon undertakes a radical and rapid reform in the electricity sector”.
Canadian Prime Minister:
Canadian Premier, Justin Trudeau expressed his country’s commitment to all means to assist the Lebanese in facing this tragedy.
Trudeau said that “Despite the aid provided by Canada since 2016, and the subsequent aid following the explosion, there are still many Lebanese who are suffering from very difficult conditions. The economic crisis is still continuing and has become worse with the health crisis due to Corona virus”.
The Canadian Premier also announced that Canada will grant Lebanon, in addition to the previous aid, an aid worth 20 million US Dollars through the financial fund established by the World Bank in cooperation with the UN and the EU.
Regarding the August 4 explosion, Trudeau saw the need for a thorough and impartial investigation to hold those responsible for this disaster accountable and to renew the commitment towards the Lebanese people to carry out the necessary and essential reforms in all fields to secure a prosperous and stable future.
Premier Trudeau also considered that these reforms can only be carried out with the participation of the Lebanese people, congratulating the civil society and everyone working to reach a democratic society. Trudeau also pointed out that as an international community they will always be on the side of the people in these difficult times.
Josie Borrell:
Higher Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs, Jose Borrell, indicated that the EU is still waiting for the results of investigations into the explosion of Beirut Port and to know the causes of this disaster.
Australian Development Minister:
Australian International and Pacific Development Minister, Zdenko Siselja, announced his country’s continuation of providing support to Lebanon as it has been for a long time, affirming their stand by the Lebanese people.
Siselja called for a new government to implement necessary reforms, stressing the strong ties which bind the two countries. Siselja also pointed out that there are more than 230,00 Australians of Lebanese origin, in addition to the residence of about 20,000 in Lebanon.
The Australian Minister also reviewed the assistance provided to Lebanon since the explosion and afterwards, declaring his expectation to continue providing assistance through non-governmental organizations and other organizations to provide aid to the Lebanese.
British Foreign Minister:
British Foreign Minister, Dominic Raab, announced that Britain demands a transparent investigation, since a year has passed and justice hasn’t been achieved. “The Lebanese people deserve better than that. The resigned government must abide by its promises to bring investigations to an end and let the guilty bear responsibilities” Raab said.
Raab also stressed the continuation of assisting the Lebanese army and security forces to provide security and stability in Lebanon and to fight terrorism. “The Premier Designate must satisfy the families of victims by revealing the truth of the explosion, and ensuring holding parliamentary elections” Raab continued.
Minister Raab also stressed the readiness of the international community to provide support and assistance in the event that Lebanese officials adhere to this path, pointing out that “In the event that this path is not adhered to, the friends of Lebanon should search for a way to stop corruption and meet the interests of the people, and this is our commitment”.
Spanish Foreign Minister:
Spanish Foreign Minister, Jose Manuel Alvarez, indicated that today’s conference is a message of hope for the Lebanese, calling on all Lebanese parties to support Premier designate, Najib Mikati, in expediting the formation of the government, through the spirit of settlement, “Because once the government is formed, it will increase commitments and strengthen talks with the IMF to implement a program of reforms which will stabilize the economy”.
Alvarez also announced the continuation of the Spanish support to Lebanon in all fields, more than one million euros in medical aid in 2022, and the readiness for further cooperation with the “New Lebanon” that will emerge from this tragedy.
Finnish Foreign Minister:
Finnish Foreign Minister, Boca Haavisto, expressed his country’s desire for Lebanon to start implementing the necessary reforms in order to move on the path to overcoming the crises it is experiencing, and for its people to enjoy comfort and stability, calling on the political forces to work towards this end.
Haavisto also reiterated Finland’s willingness and desire to continue supporting Lebanon and its people.
Croatian Foreign Minister:
Croatian Foreign Minister, Gordan Radman, indicated that it is necessary to work in Lebanon to impose serious reforms, stressing that his country will continue to provide assistance to the Lebanese people, as happened after the explosion on August 4, 2020.
Radman announced Croatia’s cooperation with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in rehabilitating the Karantina area, which had suffered damage due to the explosion.
Belgium’s Cooperation and Development Minister:
Minister of Cooperation and Development in charge of major cities in Belgium, Myriam Ketter, announced her country’s concern about the exacerbation of crises and tribulations in Lebanon, which now requires the formation of a new government capable of breaking the stalemate that Lebanon is experiencing in order to move towards a new stage and a prosperous future, and to carry out the necessary and required reforms.
UAE’s Minister of State:
Minister of State for International Cooperation in the UAE, Reem Al-Hashemi, stressed the importance of the international community’s stand by Lebanon, and the necessity that the Lebanese do their part to get out of this difficult crisis, and for Lebanon to regain the confidence of the international community, and to distance itself from regional conflicts, divisions and the policy of polarization.
Al-Hashemi also expressed her UAE’s commitment to providing aid to the Lebanese people.
Norwegian Foreign Affairs Minister:
The Norwegian Foreign Affairs Minister, Mary Ericson Soreed, stressed that the Beirut explosion, took place while Lebanon passes through a very deep crisis “And since about a year until today, Lebanon has been without a government and without knowing the causes of the explosion”.
The Norwegian Minister emphasized that Norway is a key partner in helping the Lebanese and revealed that they have sent more than 50 million Euros in aid to Lebanon last year.
Noting that the problem of the displaced Syrians is exacerbating Lebanon's problems, she also clarified that Norway supports Lebanon’s efforts to accommodate these displaced persons, and has also sent immediate in-kind aid, humanitarian, food and medical, to Lebanon after the explosion.
“We are concerned with the deep crisis which Lebanon is going through, which we do not see so far as positive. It is imperative that quick decisions be taken aiming to solve this crisis. Norway is interested in providing aid to the most needy and weak in the Lebanese society. We call for the immediate formation of a reliable government which meets the urgent needs of the Lebanese through accurate reforms. We will continue our support for Lebanon’s stability and security” the Norwegian Minister concluded.
Netherlands Foreign Affairs Minister:
The Dutch Foreign Affairs Minister, Sigrid Kaag, indicated that the real change in the current Lebanese situation is in the hands of the Lebanese political leaders.
Kaag also asserted Dutch support for the sanctions path against those who obstruct democratic work and are characterized by corruption, considering that the majority of the Lebanese, live below poverty line.
Kaag also expressed her country’s readiness to continue supporting Lebanon in addition to providing assistance in rebuilding the Beirut Port, given the maritime experience enjoyed by the Netherlands.
“However, these initiatives depend on the extent of Lebanese leaders’ willingness to work to get their country out of this crisis, and to assume their responsibilities in forming a transparent government, which debuts necessary reforms” Kaag concluded.
German Foreign Minister:
The Foreign Minister of Germany, Heiko Maas, said “I can never forget the horror of destruction and tears in the faces of the Lebanese whom I met last year when I visited Beirut after the explosion”. Maas noted that Germany is always ready to help Lebanon, thanks to the friendship which binds the two peoples together, stating that Germany will add 40 million Euros to the value of aid it provided last August.
Minister Maas also revealed the sum of 30 million Euros which were donated as humanitarian aid, in addition to what Germany provided through UNICEF, and the WHO, to help Lebanon confront COVID-19.
Maas stressed the need to carry out the required reforms, “Without which sustainable growth cannot be achieved. Let me be frank, that this crisis is human-made, as the Lebanese political leaders have not risen to the level of their responsibilities, nor to the level of the legitimate aspirations of the Lebanese people”.
Minister Maas asserted that any future assistance and support will remain linked to the formation of an effective and legitimate government which carries out radical reforms which the World Bank has always referred to.
“All political forces must unite behind achieving these goals now. There is no time to waste, international aid depends on this matter, and Lebanon’s future and stability are linked to it” Maas concluded.
Greek Foreign Minister:
Greek Foreign Minister, Nikos Dendias, indicated that his country stood side by side with the Lebanese people, immediately after the tragedy occurred last year, by providing in-kind aid and contributions to reconstruction.
In addition, Dendias stressed the need to expedite the formation of an effective government in Lebanon in order to maintain its stability, working to restore sustainable growth to it, calling for “A government which is credible, capable of accountability, and that undertakes the required reforms”.
Dendias also pointed out that his country, "Given its experience in facing financial crises, is able and ready to provide any assistance to Lebanon in this regard”.
Minister Dendias concluded by emphasizing that it is urgent to continue supporting and assisting the Lebanese people, and working to rebuild what was destroyed.
Italian Foreign Minister:
Italian Foreign Minister, Luigi Di Maio, affirmed that Italy will continue its continuous support to restore Lebanon’s vitality, stressing his country’s active role in coordinating international humanitarian aid to Lebanon, as it provided about 8 million euros for this aid alone.
Minister Di Maio pointed out that Italy affirmed its immediate and effective solidarity with Lebanon since the explosion, both financially and through technical expertise, in addition to laying the foundations for the restoration and preservation of Beirut's cultural heritage.
The Italian Foreign Minister also reviewed the projects financed by his country and the assistance it has provided for years, considering that “Lebanon’s stability is key to the stability of the region. We are also concerned with the deterioration of the economic and financial conditions of the Lebanese Army and security forces, and we will continue to support them, in addition to our support for Lebanon’s stability through our participation in the UNIFIL forces”.
Di Maio concluded that this international aid alone is not enough, and that “A government must be formed to carry out reforms immediately. I seize the opportunity to call on all Lebanese parties to form a government”.
Cypriot Foreign Minister:
Cyprus’s Foreign Minister, Nikos Christodoulides, confirmed that his country rushed immediately after the explosion to meet Lebanon’s needs as much as it could, revealing that the civil society in Cyprus also moved to help the Lebanese people, “Particularly to help rebuild schools that were damaged, in addition to coordinating aid with United Nations organizations”.
Minister Christodoulides called on the international community “To continue providing aid, but this is not enough for us to assure the Lebanese people that we stand by them in their legitimate right to justice and accountability”.
Christodoulides also pointed out that Cyprus is committed to Lebanon’s sovereignty and stability, stressing the necessity of carrying out the required and necessary reforms, and the necessity of forming a “Universal and reliable government, without delay, as a key to obtaining international aid, for the benefit of Lebanon from its repression”.
KSA Foreign Minister:
Saudi Foreign Minister, Faisal Bin Farhan, asserted that “KSA has always expressed full solidarity with the Lebanese, especially since the Taif Accord, which ended the civil war and returned peace to Lebanon. KSA has provided aid worth more than 1 billion USD to Lebanon during the past years”.
Bin Farhan affirmed the Saudi aid to Lebanon, and pointed out that “Lebanon is facing a crisis in forming an effective government, and the insistence of a group to impose its hegemony”.
Minister Bin Farhan also stressed the need to combat corruption and carry out the necessary reforms, and said that Lebanon’s future depends on restoring its sovereignty, regretting that the investigations into the port explosion did not reach any results.
Bin Farhan concluded by praising the efforts made by France to support the international community for Lebanon and its people, and said “We repeat that this support must be accompanied by real reforms, otherwise we fear that any assistance will be meaningless”.
Brazilian Deputy Foreign Minister:
Brazilian Deputy Foreign Minister, Kenneth Nobrega, indicated Brazil’s continued commitment to helping the Lebanese community to overcome the crises and difficulties it is facing, announcing that next October the first batch of aid, which is 4,000 tons of rice, will arrive in Beirut. Nobrega also
announced his country’s intention to provide material assistance to fight COVID-19 in Lebanon.
Swiss Minister of State:
Swiss Minister of State in the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Livia Lo, discussed the aid provided by Switzerland to Lebanon, stressing that Switzerland’s support for the Lebanese people is continuous.
Minister Lo revealed the Swiss intention to grant 20 million Swiss francs this year to the most needy people through UN organizations, civil society and direct aid, pointing out that “Despite the aid provided during the past year, we must realize that international aid will not be the only solution to Lebanon’s problems. It was the message conveyed by our Prime Minister Ignacio Cassis during his visit to Beirut last April”.
Lo added “Lebanon urgently needs an effective government that is credible and reliable, committed to honesty and carrying out the necessary and essential reforms to get the country out of its urgent crises”.
Lo concluded stressing Switzerland’s solidarity with the Lebanese people and its aspiration for the reforms that must be carried out in the interest of the Lebanese people.
Qatar’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs:
Qatar’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Sultan bin Saad al-Muraikhi, addressed what the State of Qatar had offered to Lebanon in the past period, and stressed his country’s continued support for Lebanon and the Lebanese people.
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development:
The Vice-President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Pierre Heilbronn, spoke, referring to the assistance provided by the Bank to Lebanon in several aspects, and stressed the need to form a government capable of achieving reforms, with the support of the World
Bank, “Which would allow the economic recovery and reconstruction of the country”.
Civil Society:
George Choucair, from civil society, spoke about the impact of the explosion on the situation in Lebanon, and the moves that civil society takes to confront the repercussions of the explosion, including making many films that deal with this issue and its tragic consequences.
Choucair affirmed the determination to continue despite all difficult circumstances, each in his field and within his capabilities, stressing that culture is an integral part of the confrontation to overcome crises.
Marietta Avram also spoke, thanking all those who supported the civil society organizations to stand in the face of the challenges and crises that Lebanon suffers from, presenting the material, cultural and educational difficulties, and the necessity of limiting them, calling for international solidarity to protect educational continuity in Lebanon.
Arab League:
The Assistant Secretary-General of the Arab League, Ambassador Hossam Zaki, delivered the Arab League’s speech, presenting the difficult conditions that Lebanon is experiencing on more than one level. Zaki called for the establishment of a government of specialists and technocrats, with clear powers and popular support to implement reforms, pointing out that the League wants the new government to be formed soon, after a long time of procrastination.
In addition, Zaki accused the political class and some leaders of caring more about their own interests than the welfare of their country and the fate of their people, and urged them to assume their responsibilities and communicate with each other with good intentions to break the vicious cycle, “As it is the last chance perhaps before reaching the stage of instability and chaos of institutions”.
Finally, Zaki announced that the League urges the United Nations and the participants to try to help the Lebanese prevent the collapse of two main sectors, namely education and health.
Chinese Ambassador:
Chinese ambassador to Lebanon, Qian Minjian, expressed his country’s welcome to the designated Premier, Najib Mikati, to form a government, and its hope that all Lebanese parties would work in a good spirit and strengthen dialogue to form a government as soon as possible.
Minjian tackled the assistance provided by China to Lebanon, and expressed his country’s readiness to enhance cooperation between the two countries in all fields, including the fields of health, reconstruction and security stability and maintaining calm on the borders.
Russian Charge D’Affairs:
Then the Chargé d'Affairs at the Russian Embassy in France, Alexander Ziziulin, spoke, and welcomed all international aid to Lebanon, reiterating the importance of a government capable of taking appropriate decisions to overcome crises, and that enjoys the support of all Lebanese groups.
Ziziulin also expressed Russia’s support for helping Lebanon at all levels, while respecting its sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Conference Conclusion:
At the end, the UN Deputy Secretary-General, drew attention to the importance of this event, and renewed the international community’s support for the Lebanese people.
French Foreign Minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian, presented the work France has done to secure international aid to Lebanon, and the great efforts made by the
United Nations to put this aid into practice and effectively deliver it to those who deserve it, in a country that suffers from all kinds of difficulties.
Le Drian pointed out that the aid has reached more than 370 million euros, and more than 357 million dollars have been allocated for the next year. Le Drian also revealed that these donations will contribute to securing the basic needs of the Lebanese.
In addition, Minister Le Drian pointed out that “The direct aid that is secured to the Lebanese people is not, in any way, a substitute for the responsibilities of the Lebanese authorities, which must take the necessary steps to overcome crises, including the formation of an effective and viable government, the start of negotiations to implement the International Monetary Fund program and the implementation of initial reforms, namely in the banking sector, the energy sector and others”.
Moreover, the French Foreign Minister pointed out that “France and the European Union had put pressure on officials in Lebanon to abide by their pledges in this field, but the Lebanese authorities should allow the Lebanese to express themselves in a democratic way in the upcoming elections in 2022, and the next government should ensure that these elections are held transparently”.
Finally, Le Drian addressed the Lebanese officials by saying that the future of Lebanon is in danger.
-------Presidency Information Office

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on August 04-05/2021
Human rights groups slam EU for sending diplomat to Raisi inauguration

The Jerusalem Post/August 04/2021
Senior Israeli diplomatic source says Raisi and others were documented eating cream puffs to celebrate the execution of Iranian dissidents.
A group of opposition and human rights groups from Iran slammed the European Union for its decision to send a senior diplomat to the inauguration of Ebrahim Raisi, Iran's new president. “The EU cannot be credible on human rights if it celebrates Ebrahim Raisi as president of Iran,” the statement said. It was posted online and shared on social media.
According to the statement, the EU decided to send a senior diplomat, Enrique Mora, for the inauguration of Raisi. “We as movements representing the peoples and opposition in Iran do not understand this move. There has been no EU representative to the inauguration of Lukashenka as President of Belarus. Why is the EU now sending a representative to co-celebrate the inauguration of Raisi? Our question is whether we as people from Central Asia are seen as less valuable than people from Belarus. Is the EU choosing a different approach based on race?”
Iranian journalist and activist Masih Alinejad also condemned the EU decision in a video she posted online. “I’m furious to find out that Enrique Mora, EU's Deputy Secretary-General/Political Director has attended Ebrahim Raisi's inauguration ceremony today. This empowers Raisi, who has committed crimes against humanity, to kill more people.” The statement posted online from minority and human rights groups was signed by the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan, the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan, the Free Balochistan Movement, the Democratic Solidarity Party of Al Ahwaz, the Baluchistan People's Party and the Azerbaycan Democratik Birliyi-Birlik, as well as the Freie Bürger Mitteldeutschland, Fridays for Future, the Rojhelat Women Organisation, the European Syriac Union, the Youth Organization of Iranian Kurdistan, Kolbarnews and the Hana Human Rights Organisation. These represent a diverse range of groups linked to minorities in Iran and human rights activists.
The statement says that there is no question whether Raisi is a human rights abuser.
“The EU is well-aware of the fact that this man presided in 1988 and 2019 over the killing and torture of many thousands of people…The EU is also aware that the election of Raisi was a scam.”
The statement compares the abuses in Iran with the leadership of Belarus and questions why the EU did not attend the 2020 inauguration in Belarus but sought to go to the one in Iran. European ambassadors boycotted the inauguration of President Alexander Lukashenko to protest his government's crackdown on political opponents at the time.
A SENIOR Israeli diplomatic source said that Israel and the US are of one mind on the matter and have expressed their dissatisfaction to the EU and other countries that have sent representatives to the event.
Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and the Foreign Ministry publicly criticized the European Union. “Raisi is the most extreme Iranian president of them all, and the competition is tough,” Bennett said on Tuesday. “I call on the EU: One cannot talk about human rights and simultaneously honor a murderer [and] a hangman, who has eliminated hundreds of opponents of the regime.”Israel is seeking to emphasize to the world that Raisi is "a cold-blooded killer" who cannot be accepted by the global community, the diplomatic source said, adding that Israel has documentation of Raisi and others eating cream puffs to celebrate the execution of Iranian dissidents in which he was involved. The human rights groups pointed to recent protests in Iran and the reported arrest of thousands protesting water scarcity. “Arabs, Kurds, Baloch, Turks, Lur and Fars are on the streets of Iran to demand the same as every European citizen is entitled to. The EU is aware of this but decided to ignore it. Iran just in the last week killed a Romanian citizen through an unwarranted drone attack on a cargo ship, as confirmed by the UK and the US.”
The statement also referenced Iran’s activities in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and other countries.
In recent weeks, protesters in Iran have called for the regime to stop its involvement abroad, angry that resources from the Islamic Republic go to Gaza but not to locals who lack basic things like electricity.  “Sending Enrique Mora to Iran for the inauguration of Ebrahim Raisi means that the EU tells the peoples of the Middle East and Iran that you have to either be white or flee to Europe to obtain human dignity and the right to life,” the statement reads. “We urge the EU to fulfill its democratic and human rights commitments in its diplomatic relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ebrahim Raisi’s administration. We urge you to address the crimes committed against humanity, rather than standing with those who commit the crimes. We urge the EU to stand up for its own principles which are in the interest of both EU and Iranian citizens and that of all peoples oppressed by this regime.”

Iranian anguish over tough internet restrictions in new bill
The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
TEHRAN--Iran moved last week toward further government restrictions on Instagram and other apps, as hard-line lawmakers agreed to discuss a bill that many fear will undermine communication, wipe out livelihoods and open the door to the banning of key social media tools.
The bill has yet to be approved by Iran’s hard liner-dominated parliament, but it is already stirring anxiety among young Iranians, avid social media users, online business owners and entrepreneurs. Iran is a country with some 94 million internet devices in use among its over 80 million people. Nearly 70% of Iran’s population uses smartphones.
Over 900,000 Iranians have signed a petition opposing the bill. The protest comes at a tense time for Iran, with Ebrahim Raisi, the former judiciary chief and hard line protege of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, assuming the country’s highest civilian position this week. Journalists, civil society advocates and government critics have raised the alarm about the possible increase of social repression once he takes office. The draft legislation, first proposed this spring by conservative lawmakers, requires major foreign tech giants such as Facebook to register with the Iranian government and be subject to its oversight and data ownership rules. The Iranians seem to be borrowing a page from Turkey’s restrictions guide-book which includes similar curbs on social media giants. Companies that host unregistered social media apps in Iran would risk penalties, with authorities empowered to slow down access to the companies’ services as a way to force them to comply. Lawmakers have noted that the crippling US sanctions on Iran make the registration of American tech companies in the country impossible, effectively ensuring their ban. The law would also criminalise the sale and distribution of virtual private networks and proxies, a critical way Iranians access long-blocked social media platforms like Facebook, Telegram, Twitter and YouTube. It also would bar government officials from running accounts on banned social media platforms, which they now use to communicate with citizens and the press. Even the office of the supreme leader has a Twitter account with over 890,000 followers.
And finally, the bill takes control of the internet away from the civilian government and places it under the armed forces. The bill’s goal, according to its authors, is to “protect users and their rights.” Hard liners in the government have long viewed social messaging and media services as part of a “soft war” by the West against the Islamic Republic. Over time, Iran has created what some have called the “halal” internet, the Islamic Republic’s own locally controlled version of the internet aimed at restricting what the public can see. Supporters of the bill, such as hard line lawmaker Ali Yazdikhah, have hailed it as a step toward an independent Iranian internet, where “people will start to prefer locally-developed services” over foreign companies. “There is no reason to worry, online businesses will stay and even we promise that they will expand too,” he said. Internet advocates, however, fear the measures will tip the country toward an even more tightly controlled model like China, whose “Great Firewall” blocks access to thousands of foreign websites and slows others. Iran’s outgoing Information Technology Minister Mohammad Javad Azari Jahromi, whom the hard line judiciary summoned for prosecution earlier this year over his refusal to block Instagram, warned that the bill would curtail access to information and lead to full-blown bans of popular messaging apps. In a letter to Raisi last month, he urged the president-elect to reconsider the legislation.
Facebook, which owns Instagram, did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Social media is a highly contested space in Iran, where the government retains tight control over newspapers and remains the only entity allowed to broadcast on television and radio. Over recent years, anti-government protesters have used social media as a communication tool to mobilize and spread their message, prompting authorities to cripple internet services. During the turmoil in the fall of 2019, for instance, the government imposed a near-complete internet blackout. Even scattered demonstrations, such as the recent protests over water shortages in Iran’s southwest, have seen disruptions of mobile internet service. But many ordinary Iranians, reeling from harsh American sanctions that have severed access to international banking systems and triggered runaway inflation, remain more preoccupied with the bill’s potential financial fallout.
As the coronavirus ravages Iran, a growing number of people like Hedieloo has turned to Instagram to make a living, tutoring and selling homemade goods and art. Over 190,000 businesses moved online over the past year.
Although much about the bill’s fate remains uncertain, experts say it already has sent a chill through commerce on Instagram, where once-hopeful users now doubt they have a future on the app. “I and everyone else who is working in cyberspace is worried,” said Milad Nouri, a software developer and technology analyst. “This includes a teenager playing online games, a YouTuber making money from their channel, an influencer, an online shop based on Instagram.” He added: “Everyone is somehow stressed.”

Potential Hijack' of Ship Off UAE is Over, Says UK Agency
Agence France Presse/August 04/2021
The suspected hijacking of a ship in the Gulf of Oman has ended and the vessel is safe, a UK maritime security agency said on Wednesday, days after a deadly attack on a tanker in the region. "Boarders have left the vessel. Vessel is safe. Incident complete," United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations tweeted. The suspected hijacking off the coast of the United Arab Emirates came just days after an attack on a tanker left two dead, which the United States and its allies blamed on Iran. Earlier, Lloyd's List reported that armed men had boarded a Panama-flagged tanker and ordered it to sail to Iran. And on Tuesday, the UKTMO upgraded its report of the "non-piracy" incident on the unidentified ship 60 miles east of Fujairah heading towards the Strait of Hormuz to "potential hijack." Maritime security analysts at Dryad Global and Aurora Intelligence identified the endangered ship as the Panama-flagged Asphalt Princess, an asphalt and bitumen tanker. The ship was heading towards Iran under the control of armed men with British and US naval operations monitoring the situation, Lloyd's List said. Richard Meade, editor of the shipping industry intelligence site, told The Times that "armed forces have boarded the vessel, which last signaled its position around 5 pm London time, and are directing it towards Iran". The incident at the opening of the Strait of Hormuz -- one of the world's busiest waterways -- comes days after an attack on an Israeli-linked tanker bound for the UAE, which the United States and its allies blamed on Iran. Iranian foreign ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh said Tuesday that "reported 'incidents' in the Persian Gulf and broader region appear utterly suspicious". "Reaffirming our strong commitment to regional stability and maritime security, Iran stands ready to offer assistance in case of any maritime accidents," Khatibzadeh wrote on Twitter.
- 'Deeply concerning' incident -
The United States stopped short of assigning blame for the latest episode but State Department spokesman Ned Price said there had been "a very disturbing pattern of belligerence from Iran. "When it comes to this specific incident, it's too early for us to offer a judgement just yet," Price told reporters. White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki said the United States was in close touch with Britain over the "deeply concerning" incident. While Iran has denied any involvement in Thursday's blast on the MT Mercer Street, the United States and Iran's arch-enemy Israel both say an Iranian drone caused the explosion. Two crew members, from Britain and Romania, died on the Liberian-flagged ship, which is managed by prominent Israeli billionaire Eyal Ofer. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken earlier vowed a collective response against Iran over the incident, which he called a "direct threat" to freedom of navigation in the oil-rich waters. US Navy forces who came to the aid of the crew in response to an emergency distress call saw evidence of the attack, according to the U.S. military. The tensions come as Iran on Tuesday inaugurated the Islamic republic's eighth president, the ultraconservative cleric and prosecutor Ebrahim Raisi.He succeeded Hassan Rouhani, considered a moderate, who sought to repair relations with the West and whose administration unsuccessfully sought to negotiate a revival of a nuclear accord with the United States.

Italy leads European effort to resolve Libyan differences
The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
TUNIS--The visit to Libya by Italian Foreign Minister Luigi Di Maio reflects Rome’s leading role in European attempts to bridge differences between rivals in the Libyan conflict, analysts say. The Italians seem to be taking advantage of their historical ties and economic presence in the country. Libyan sources told The Arab Weekly the Italian government was preparing to hold a “summit” between the political actors in Libya before the end of this month. Observers believe Western capitals see that a meeting between the prime minister of the Government of National Unity (GNU), Abdulhamid Dbeibeh and the commander-in-chief of the Libyan National Army, Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar, could cut through differences that would delay agreement on the final constitutional text before September 1, leading to an indefinite postponement of the December 24 election. European Union countries that are active in the Libyan crisis, including Germany and France, have taken a step back to make way for Italy. Rome enjoys US and international backing in its quest for a major role in bridging the gap between the Libyan parties, as well as between the regional powers involved in the crisis. Italy’s growing interest in Libya was illustrated by a flurry of recent contacts made by Italian officials in the country. Last Thursday, the Italian ambassador to Libya, Giuseppe Buccino Grimaldi, an experienced Libya hand who also held the Tripoli post from 2011 to 2015, passed on an invitation from Prime Minister Mario Draghi for Dbeibeh to visit Rome.
Grimaldi was also present during Di Maio’s talks with the President of the Presidency Council, Muhammad al-Menfi, his two deputies, Musa al-Koni, Abdullah al-Lafi and State Council President Khaled Al-Mishri.
Rome seems embarked on a mediation between the belligerents in Libya, especially between the GNU which is closer to the militias, Islamist groups and their Turkish ally than the House of Representatives (HOR) in Tobruk and Haftar’s army command in the Benghazi suburb of Rajma.
After his Tripoli meetings, Di Maio went east to Cyrenaica for talks with Haftar. He also spoke there to HOR Speaker Ageela Saleh.
According to the Italian Foreign Ministry, Di Maio’s visit came within the framework of “continuing dialogue” with the Libyan parties on “the process of stabilisation and institutional transition led by the United Nations, which Italy firmly supports,” as well as “expanding and strengthening the scope” of the bilateral partnership between the two countries. It is being seen as significant that after the Libyan Foreign Minister Najlah al-Mangoush met her Italian counterparte in Tripoli she travelled with him on the same flight to Benghazi. Before her return to Tripoli, Mangoush talked to the director of Haftar’s office and a member of the Military Committee (5+5) of the Army Command, Major General Khairy Al-Tamimi at Benina International Airport The meeting reviewed the progress of the committee’s work and the results it reached, including the establishment of the ceasefire and the reopening of the road linking Misrata and Sirte and thereafter eastwards to Benghazi. Sources suggested to The Arab Weekly that Tamimi passed on to the foreign minister a message from Haftar about recent developments and the results of the external contacts conducted by the army command, especially after the visit of the military delegation to Moscow last week, which was led by Tamimi.

Sisi could test Egyptians’ patience, own popularity with bread price hike
The Arab Weekly/August 04/2021
CAIRO--Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi surprised Egyptians Tuesday when he announced that “the time has come” to increase the price of a loaf of bread. Observers said the move would test the silence and patience of Egyptians who had previously kept quiet about other price hikes and that the issue of bread could be a ticking time bomb ready to explode any moment. Sisi did not mention when the price increase will come into effect. He left the issue open in order to prepare public opinion for the new step, which will be a further test of his popularity, after he successfully overcame the impact of floating the pound. The Egyptian president tried to preempt those who might be tempted to take advantage of the move politically when he said, “I hope that our understanding of how to organise the subsidy of a loaf of bread reaches the people and not be misrepresented as reflecting an intent to introduce a big price hike. We are working in a balanced manner so that we save eight billion pounds (about half a billion dollars) for school nutrition programmes.” Subsidised bread costs currently 0.05 Egyptian pounds ($0.0032) and 60 million people are allocated five loaves a day under its sprawling subsidy programme.
Sisi did not say by how much the price would increase, but changes to food support are highly sensitive in a country where a decision to cut bread subsidies led to deadly riots across Egypt in 1977. Such a measure has sparked similar unrest in many parts of the Arab world. “It is time for the 5 piaster loaf to increase in price. Some might tell me leave this to the prime minister, to the supply minister to (raise the price), but no, I will do it in front of my country and my people,” Sisi said. “It’s incredible to sell 20 loaves for the price of a cigarette,” he added, speaking at the opening of a food production facility. Egypt is the world’s largest wheat importer. “I’m not saying we make it significantly more expensive, to as high as it costs to make it, 65 or 60 piasters, but (increasing the price) is necessary,” Sisi said.
“Nothing stays stagnant like this for 20 or 30 years, with people saying that this number can’t be touched,” he added. Sisi’s government has also turned to the IMF, which granted a $12 billion loan in 2016 and a one-year $5.2 billion loan last year, but specified that food subsidies should only reach those most in need. The loan programme also required higher fuel and electricity prices.
Supply minister Ali Moselhy told local newspaper El-Watan that after Sisi’s remarks, the ministry has started an immediate study and will present its findings to the cabinet as soon as possible. Sisi has sought to rein in Egypt’s massive subsidy programme by targeting those deemed to be sufficiently wealthy while leaving bread prices untouched. Hussein Abu Saddam, head of the farmer’s syndicate, told Reuters: “The decision is right and comes at a very suitable time. It helps us finish with the old practices and customs, in which the president was always afraid of touching bread prices, fearing the outcry of the poor.”
Commitments  Observers say that raising the possibility of bread price hikes is longer taboo for the Sisi regime, as it was for his predecessors. The president has taken a number of difficult steps to reform the economy. The prices of a range of commodities have risen while plans have been developed to support the poorest affected by these structural reforms. Observers point out that the public reaction to price hikes does not usually extend beyond expressing objections on social media. The government can yield when it feels a strong pushback. That was the case with the Reconciliation Law on Building Violations, when the government was forced to withdraw its formula and opt for more flexible implementation.
Protest laws have limited the prospects of the once-common street demonstrations thus allowing Sisi to quietly pass his economic reform plans. Senate member Farida al-Naqash told The Arab Weekly that Sisi’s approach will produce grassroots repercussions. Price hikes will be felt by certain segments of the population and the poor, in particular, might loudly oppose the increase to the price of subsidised bread. That may even spark limited protests, she said, but will not affect the pace at which the decision is carried through, as state agencies do not presently see any related signs of concern. Naqqash further told The Arab Weekly that large families are likely to be particularly affected in the event of a large increase, but the government, on the other hand, is compelled because of its reform commitments, to move ahead towards lifting subsidies and it is hoped that the increase will be minimal.
Bread subsidies account for a large part of state subsidies. Last year, Egypt reduced the weight of the subsidised loaf of bread by 20 grammes, allowing bakeries to increase the number of loaves of subsidised bread they produce from a 100 kilogramme sack of flour.
Planning and project management expert Walid Madbouly explained that the state’s announcement of its intention to increase the price of subsidised bread came late. The increase must be based on prior studies, he said, to make sure the poorest segments of the population are not affected. Madbouly also said it was important to ensure that the funds cut from the subsidies are directed to other social programmes related to public health and children’s nutrition. Talking to The Arab Weekly, he said that the government is working to boost the economy, which requires reducing direct subsidies for a large number of goods and products. He added that what is happening now is a restructuring and rationalisation of subsidies so as to meet the country’s needs in other public service sectors.

Tunisia Unions Urge Speedy New Government after Takeover
Agence France Presse/August 04/2021
Tunisia's powerful UGTT trade union body has urged President Kais Saied to form a new government, nearly two weeks after he assumed executive power and sacked the prime minister. Saied also suspended parliament for 30 days on July 25, and has since dismissed four ministers and other top officials. The president has dismissed accusations by the largest party in parliament that he staged a "coup". He insists that he acted under the constitution, which allows the head of state to take unspecified exceptional measures in the event of an "imminent threat". "We call for speeding up the appointment of a head of government" and as "a smaller and harmonious rescue government", said a UGTT statement released late Tuesday. It said any delay in forming a new government risked worsening the political vacuum in the North African country. It would also "make it difficult to emerge from the current social and economic crisis", said the UGTT, which backed the president's move last month. Tunisia is currently suffering one of the world's worst outbreaks of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of death toll. It has seen more than 20,000 deaths from a population of around 12 million. On July 25, Saied announced measures that included freezing parliamentary activity for 30 days, lifting parliamentary immunity and sacking Hichem Mechichi as both premier and interior minister. He later fired the defense, justice, economy and communications technology ministers, as well as top officials. New economy and communications technology ministers were named on Monday. On Tuesday, Saied dismissed the governor of the Sfax region and Tunisia's ambassador to the United States, without saying why in either case. Last month, the UGTT -- which played a key role in the 2011 Arab Spring uprising -- said Saied had acted "in accordance" with the constitution to "prevent imminent danger and to restore the normal functioning" of the state. While urging the speedy formation of a new government, the union body's latest statement also said Saied's "exceptional" measures respond to the demands of the people. It called them "a definitive solution to the complexity of the crisis the country is going through in the absence of any other solutions". The president's move has seen him lose little popular support. But his main adversary, the Islamist-inspired Ennahdha party, accuses him of staging a coup.

Humanitarian Crisis Unfolding in Daraa, Syria
www.uossm.org/Union Of Medical Care and relief Organizations/August 04/2021
Paris, France- A humanitarian crisis is unfolding in Daraa, Syria as around 55,000 civilians – 10,000 families are under siege with little to no access to food, medical care, medicine, or basic human needs. The city of Daraa has been under siege since June 24, 2021. The humanitarian situation is deteriorating rapidly. Many families are risking their lives fleeing to nearby areas in search of a safe haven for their families, while thousands of families remain in a dangerous situation besieged and under attacks. UOSSM is responding to the catastrophic situation in Daraa by providing immediate medical relief and food essentials to besieged and displaced families in need. Working with local organizations, UOSSM is able to provide emergency aid in the besieged and hard-to-reach areas in Daraa, and provide basic essentials needed to survive. Since 2012, UOSSM has been on the ground providing medical aid and emergency relief to besieged and hard-to-reach areas inside Syria. UOSSM calls on all parties to provide safe passage and immediate access for humanitarian and medical aid. The lives of the elderly, young children and vulnerable populations are particularly at stake.
Dr. Ghanem Tayara, President of UOSSM International said, “We are deeply concerned with the current humanitarian situation and military operations in Daraa. We urge the international community to take immediate action to lift the siege on the people of Daraa, cease all military action against innocent civilians, and provide safe and secure access for medical relief and humanitarian aid. The international community must act now, thousands of lives are at risk if no immediate action is taken.”

Syria Shelling by Turkey, Proxies Kills Four
Agence France Presse/August 04/2021
Shelling by Turkish forces and their rebel proxies killed three children and a male relative in northern Syria Wednesday, a war monitor said, in an attack condemned by Kurdish authorities. The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that rockets were fired on a village controlled by Kurdish forces on the outskirts of the volatile Ain Issa district, near the border with Turkey. "Four members of the same family were killed, including a man and three children," said the war monitor, which relies on sources inside Syria. Others members of the family were wounded and are in critical condition, it added.
Pro-Ankara fighters have been stationed to the north of Ain Issa since Turkish soldiers and their Syrian proxies seized a 120-kilometre (70-mile) stretch of territory along the border from Kurdish fighters in 2019. Since then, pro-Turkish forces have engaged in sporadic skirmishes with Kurdish forces branded as "terrorists" by Ankara. The autonomous Kurdish administration condemned Wednesday's attack in a statement, saying it was intended "to shake stability in our region and terrorize residents." Turkey and its Syrian proxies control several pockets of territory in northern Syria as a result of successive operations against Kurdish fighters or the Islamic State group since 2016.

Taliban Claim Kabul Bombing as Afghan Forces Defend Besieged Cities
Agence France Presse/August 04/2021
The Taliban on Wednesday claimed responsibility for a huge bomb attack in Kabul targeting the defense minister as the insurgents fought for control of a string of besieged cities. The bomb-and-gun attack on Defense Minister Bismillah Mohammadi Tuesday was one of the biggest in Kabul for months, bringing violence to the capital after intense fighting in the south and west of the country. The Afghan and U.S. militaries have carried out air strikes against the insurgents to push them back, and the Taliban said the Kabul attack was a response to that. "The attack is the beginning of the retaliatory operations against the circles and leaders of the Kabul administration who are ordering attacks and the bombing of different parts of the country," Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said in a statement on social media. It represents a major escalation by the Taliban, who have largely refrained from large-scale attacks in the capital in recent years after starting talks with the United States on troop withdrawal. The Tuesday attack targeted Mohammadi as well as some lawmakers. The first bomb exploded in the center of Kabul, sending a thick plume of smoke into the sky, AFP correspondents reported. Less than two hours later, there was another loud blast followed by smaller explosions and rapid gunfire, also near the high-security Green Zone that houses several embassies, including the U.S. mission. The minister was safe and Afghan forces repelled the attackers, but at least eight people were killed, according to interior ministry spokesman Mirwais Stanikzai. Mohammadi later said it was a suicide car bomb attack targeting his house. A security source said several attackers stormed a lawmaker's house after setting off the car bomb and shot at the residence of the defense minister from there. Security forces had cordoned off the scene of the attack on Wednesday as troops inspected the buildings and cars damaged by the blasts. Rubble covered the area while there were bloodstains on some of the floors. There was little respite in Kabul early Wednesday after a blast injured three people, according to police.
'No way to escape'
The Taliban threat came after the Afghan military launched a counterattack against the insurgents in the southern city of Lashkar Gah. The military had asked people to leave the city on Tuesday as they prepared for their offensive. Resident Saleh Mohammad said hundreds of families had fled as fighting erupted between the two sides, trapping many in the crossfire. "There is no way to escape from the area because the fighting is ongoing. There is no guarantee that we will not be killed on the way," Mohammad said. "The government and the Taliban are destroying us."The insurgents have taken control of vast swathes of the countryside and key border towns, taking advantage of the security vacuum left by the withdrawal of U.S. forces. The Taliban are now targeting cities, with fierce fighting for a week around Herat near the western border with Iran, as well as Lashkar Gah and Kandahar in the south. The Afghan military counterattack came after another night of heavy clashes with the Taliban. "Those families which had financial support or a car have left their homes. The families who can not afford to are obliged to stay in their own homes as we are," resident Halim Karimi told AFP. "We don't know where to go or how to leave. We are born to die." The loss of Lashkar Gah, the capital of southern Helmand province, would be a massive strategic and psychological blow for the government. The United Nations reported Tuesday that at least 40 civilians had been killed in Lashkar Gah in the previous 24 hours.
'War crimes'
Meanwhile, Human Rights Watch accused that the Taliban of "summarily" executing detained soldiers, police and civilians with alleged ties to the Afghan government in areas they had recently seized. The rights group said it had also obtained a list of 44 people who were killed by the Taliban in the town of Spin Boldak, which the insurgents captured last month along the border with Pakistan. "Taliban commanders with oversight over such atrocities are also responsible for war crimes," Patricia Gossman, associate Asia director at HRW said in a statement. Washington and London have also accused the insurgents of committing atrocities that may amount to "war crimes" in Spin Boldak.

The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials published on August 03-04/2021
Violations' the UN Security Council Does Not Care About
Khaled Abu Toameh/Gatestone Institute/August 04/2021
Such Security Council sessions have become routine and almost always end up with statements denouncing Israel after hearing complaints from PA officials about Israel's alleged "violations" and "aggressions."
Yet the Security Council meeting, which was held last week, did not hear a word about human rights violations and aggressions committed by the PA in the West Bank and Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
[Nizar] Banat, the anti-corruption activist and vocal critic of the PA leadership, was allegedly bludgeoned to death on June 24 by more than 20 Palestinian security officers.
More than a month has passed since his brutal murder but the Security Council has not found the time to address this grave incident.
The Security Council has undoubtedly not heard of the case of Emad Al-Tawil, a 27-year-old Palestinian who died on June 25 after being beaten by Hamas security officers. Tawil was a resident of Nuseirat refugee camp in the Gaza Strip.
The Security Council and international human rights organizations and journalists most likely did not hear about the case of Hassan Abu Zayed, a 27-year-old Palestinian from the Gaza Strip, who was shot dead by Hamas "border guards" on July 23.
The Palestinian human rights abuses and the crackdown on political activists and journalists are ignored not only by the UN, but also by the Biden administration.
Instead of pressuring Palestinian leaders to cease imprisoning, torturing and killing their people, the Biden administration is, absurdly, searching for ways to strengthen the PA leadership.
Apparently, in the eyes of the Biden administration, strengthening PA leaders means allowing Palestinian security officers to beat political activists to death, drag women by their hair on the streets of Ramallah, and imprison and intimidate journalists. The Security Council members, meanwhile, take their unjustified obsession with Israel to new heights as Palestinians are taken to prison or the graveyard at the hands of the PA and Hamas.
The Palestinian human rights abuses and the crackdown on political activists and journalists are ignored not only by the UN, but also by the Biden administration. Pictured: Palestinian Authority (PA) security forces deploy in front of demonstrators in Ramallah on July 3, 2021, during a protest denouncing the PA for the death of activist Nizar Banat while in the custody of PA security forces. (Photo by Abbas Momani/AFP via Getty Images)
At the request of the Palestinian Authority (PA), the United Nations Security Council was again called to hold a session to discuss Israeli "violations" and "aggressions" against the Palestinians. The PA also demanded that the Security Council discuss the professed ongoing Israeli "siege" of the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.
Such Security Council sessions have become routine and almost always end up with statements denouncing Israel after hearing complaints from PA officials about Israel's alleged "violations" and "aggressions."
Yet the Security Council meeting, which was held last week, did not hear a word about human rights violations and aggressions committed by the PA in the West Bank and Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
The Security Council did not hear about more than 75 Palestinian social media users, political activists and journalists who were arrested by the PA security forces in the West Bank just in the past few weeks.
The arrests came in response to widespread protests over the death of anti-corruption activist Nizar Banat, who was reportedly beaten to death by Palestinian security officers who raided his home in the city of Hebron.
The Security Council did not hear the testimonies of many of those who were arrested by the PA security forces or details of the various forms of torture to which they were subjected during their incarceration. Women were dragged by their hair, subjected to sexual harassment and beaten with batons by PA security officers. Some of the women and journalists complained that the officers who beat them also stole their mobile phones and cameras to prevent them from documenting protests against the death of Banat.
Banat, the anti-corruption activist and vocal critic of the PA leadership, was allegedly bludgeoned to death on June 24 by more than 20 Palestinian security officers.
More than a month has passed since the brutal killing of the man, but the Security Council has not found the time to address this grave incident. Why has the Security Council not held an emergency session until now to condemn the Palestinian leadership? Because Banat was killed by PA security officers, not Israeli soldiers.
On the eve of the Security Council meeting, the PA stepped up its crackdown on public freedoms, including that of the media, evidently as part of an attempt to silence its critics and prevent the world from learning about the repressive measures of the Palestinian security forces against their own people.
Palestinian security officers were sent to close down the offices of J-Media, a private Palestinian news agency in Ramallah owned by journalist Ala al-Rimawi. The official reason given for the closure was that the agency had failed to obtain a proper license from the Palestinian Ministry of Information. Rimawi, however, was arrested a few weeks ago by the PA security forces on suspicion of participating in protests over the killing of Banat and "insulting" senior Palestinian officials.
Also, on the eve of the Security Council meeting, PA President Mahmoud Abbas fired the director of the Palestinian National Library, Ehab Bessaiso, for posting comments on social media in which he criticized the killing of Banat.
Bessaiso, a former PA Minister of Culture, had written on his Facebook page about the slaying of the activist:
"Nothing justifies committing a crime. Killing a person is a crime, no matter how vague, ambiguous and emotional the picture seems. Difference of opinion is a space for interaction, discussion, freedom, anger, reflection, development and correction. Difference of opinion is not an epidemic, an emergency occasion, or a justification for bloodshed and incitement."
The closure of the news agency and the dismissal of the Palestinian National Library director are obviously not of any interest to the Security Council or international human rights organizations.
Palestinian journalists living under the PA in the West Bank continue to complain that they are regularly targeted and intimidated by the Palestinian security forces. This charge, however, is obviously not considered by the Security Council or the UN General Assembly as a human rights violation or an aggression. Why? The perpetrators are Palestinians, not Israelis.
The Palestinian Coalition for Accountability and Integrity (AMAN) said it received information from PA public servants who spoke about threats and intimidation for expressing their views in public.
"Several public institutions have issued verbal instructions, according to which a number of personnel were threatened with dismissal from civil service," AMAN said. "These irregularities affect any civil servant who comments on social media networks or participates in peaceful assemblies, denouncing the death of political and social activist Nizar Banat."
The group said it sent a letter to PA Prime Minister Mohammad Shtayyeh underscoring the importance of depoliticizing the civil service and making it neutral. "The right of every Palestinian to freedom of opinion and expression should be respected," it wrote in the letter. "AMAN and civil society organisations are monitoring developments affecting public freedoms across Palestine, particularly following the assassination of political and social activist Nizar Banat."
Needless to say, the warning by AMAN and other Palestinian human rights groups did not make it to the Security Council or the pages of Western mainstream newspapers.
The Security Council and the rest of the international community will continue to ignore not only what the PA is doing to its people in the West Bank, but also human rights violations committed by Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
Palestinian victims and human rights groups can continue to shout as much as they wish, but their voices and grievances will never reach the halls or corridors of the UN in New York.
The Security Council has undoubtedly not heard of the case of Emad Al-Tawil, a 27-year-old Palestinian who died on June 25 after being beaten by Hamas security officers. Tawil was a resident of Nuseirat refugee camp in the Gaza Strip.
The Palestinian Independent Commission for Human Rights (ICHR) has called on Hamas to investigate the circumstances of his death.
According to ICHR, on July 25, at approximately 4:00 pm, a Hamas police force estimated at about 40 members went to the house of Hosni Al-Tawil in Nuseirat Camp.
"About 15 members entered the house and began to search it completely, and the search continued for about an hour," according to testimonies obtained by ICHR. "During the search, members of the Al-Tawil family came and tried to enter, but the police prevented them, and they assaulted Emad Abdul Aziz Al-Tawil by pushing him, beating him, and punching him with fists and sticks all over the body."
About 30 minutes after the force left, Al-Tawil began to complain of pain in his chest and difficulty breathing. After he vomited, members of his family brought him to a nearby clinic, where he was pronounced dead.
"ICHR considers that the behavior of the policemen and the violation related to beating citizens in an unjustified manner, requires serious review to ensure the implementation and respect of the law, and the issuance of the necessary decisions for police personnel to respect human rights," the group said.
The Security Council and international human rights organizations and journalists most likely did not hear about the case of Hassan Abu Zayed, a 27-year-old Palestinian from the Gaza Strip, who was shot dead by Hamas "border guards" on July 23. Abu Zayed was in a car with two of his friends when the Hamas militiamen opened fire at them on the pretext that they did not stop at a checkpoint.
ICHR has called for a comprehensive criminal investigation into the case. The group has also demanded that Hamas allow human rights activists to visit the deceased man's friends, who have been detained by Hamas and who are the main witnesses in the incident.
Similarly, the Security Council was never called to hold an emergency session to discuss the case of Shadi Nofal, 41, who died in Hamas detention on July 5.
According to the ICHR's documentation, Nofal's health deteriorated and he was transferred to Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital, where he received a cardiac resuscitation before being admitted to the intensive care unit. Two days later, he was discharged and remained under observation. He was returned to prison and on the morning of July 5 was readmitted to the intensive care unit at Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.
The Palestinian human rights abuses and the crackdown on political activists and journalists are ignored not only by the UN, but also by the Biden administration.
Instead of pressuring Palestinian leaders to cease imprisoning, torturing and killing their people, the Biden administration is, absurdly, searching for ways to strengthen the PA leadership.
Apparently, in the eyes of the Biden administration, strengthening PA leaders means allowing Palestinian security officers to beat political activists to death, drag women by their hair on the streets of Ramallah, and imprison and intimidate journalists. The Security Council members, meanwhile, take their unjustified obsession with Israel to new heights as Palestinians are taken to prison or the graveyard at the hands of the PA and Hamas.
*Khaled Abu Toameh is an award-winning journalist based in Jerusalem.
© 2021 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Biden Administration "Surrenders" to Germany on Russian Gas Pipeline

Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute/August 04/2021
"The willingness of the administration to make decisions of this magnitude without consulting the countries most exposed will not be lost on other parts of the world. Jerusalem and Riyadh, for example, are no doubt already strategizing around the potential of facing a surprise similar to the one that Washington just delivered to Warsaw and Kyiv." — Kiron Skinner and Russell Berman, Foreign Policy, July 26, 2021.
"The lesson learned by Germany is that it can pursue its own inclinations of doing business with dictators regardless of principles and with no consequences from Washington. More dangerously, the lesson for Moscow and Beijing is that sanctions for international aggression will never be sustained for very long. The Biden administration has made the fragile international order even less secure." — Kiron Skinner and Russell Berman, Foreign Policy, July 26, 2021.
"The project creates conditions for Russia's escalation of military aggression against Ukraine, as well as the continuation of a hybrid war against the EU and NATO.... This Russian pipeline threatens the national security not only of Ukraine, but also of all of Europe." — Ukrainian Parliament, July 21, 2021.
"The U.S.-German deal is embarrassingly weak. It relies on a vague assurance that after Putin ramps up the blackmail enabled by the deal, Germany will take unspecified actions in response.... Overall, Biden handed Putin the biggest gift he's received in years. He also signaled to Putin that when push comes to shove, the American president is weak and will bow to political pressure." — U.S. Senator Ted Cruz, Washington Examiner, July 22, 2021
"Remarkably, Washington agreed to end its opposition to the project without any recognizable benefit in exchange: Merkel has neither promised increased engagement for NATO nor more clarity about China. The compromise between Biden and Merkel is not a compromise at all, but an American capitulation." — Robin Alexander, Die Welt, July 21, 2021.
The Biden administration has reached an agreement with German Chancellor Angela Merkel that allows for the completion of a controversial natural gas pipeline between Russia and Germany. This Russian pipeline threatens the national security not only of Ukraine, but also of all of Europe. Pictured: Merkel and US President Joe Biden hold a news conference in the White House on July 15, 2021.
The Biden administration has reached an agreement with German Chancellor Angela Merkel that allows for the completion of a controversial natural gas pipeline between Russia and Germany.
The July 21 deal to complete the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, which would double shipments of Russian natural gas to Germany by transporting the gas under the Baltic Sea, has angered the leaders of many countries in Eastern and Western Europe; they argue that it will effectively give Moscow a stranglehold over European gas supplies and open the continent to Russian blackmail.
Both the Obama and Trump administrations steadfastly opposed the pipeline on the grounds that, once completed, it would strengthen Russian President Vladimir Putin's economic and political influence over Europe.
The Trump administration was especially critical of the pipeline because it will funnel billions of dollars to Russia at a time that Germany is free-riding on the U.S. defense umbrella that protects Germany from that same Russia.
The Biden administration's abrupt reversal of long-standing bipartisan policy consensus has baffled observers from across the political aisle. Just one day before the Biden-Merkel deal was announced, State Department Spokesman Ned Price criticized the pipeline as a "Kremlin geopolitical project that is intended to expand Russia's influence over Europe's energy resources and to circumvent Ukraine." White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki previously asserted that the Biden administration "continues to believe that Nord Stream 2 is a bad deal for Europe."
The Biden administration has not explained why or how completion of the pipeline will promote American or European strategic interests. Geopolitical analysts on both sides of the Atlantic say that the pipeline deal will: 1) weaken American and strengthen Russian influence in Europe; 2) heighten divisions between the Eastern and Western European members of the European Union; 3) push some of the EU's eastern periphery closer to China; 4) deprive Ukraine of the transit fees it now collects on gas pumped through an existing pipeline and thereby undermine Kiev's struggle against Russian aggression; and 5) allow President Putin to strong-arm Germany and the European Union by turning off deliveries of natural gas whenever he wants.
The Biden-Merkel agreement will avert the resumption of sanctions that the U.S. Congress has mandated against Nord Stream 2 AG and its chief executive, Matthias Warnig, an ally of Putin. President Joe Biden waived those sanctions in May because, he said, they were "counter-productive" to U.S.-German relations. In exchange, Merkel, whose final term in office ends in September, offered only vague promises to protect Europe from potential Russian threats.
U.S. sanctions delayed completion of the 1,230-km (764-mile) pipeline by more than a year and added at least $1 billion to its cost. The €9.5 billion ($11.5 billion) project, which is 90% complete, was initially slated to become operational at the end of 2019, but was delayed after several key participants were threatened with U.S. sanctions and bailed out. As a result of the Biden-Merkel deal, Nord Stream 2 is now expected to be completed by the end of August 2021.
Reactions to the Biden-Merkel Deal
In an essay published by Foreign Policy, policy analysts Kiron Skinner and Russell Berman, wrote that by "surrendering" to Merkel on Nord Stream 2, Biden abandoned a bipartisan consensus, got nothing in return, and made the world less secure:
"Bipartisan opposition to the Nord Stream 2 pipeline was a cornerstone of the foreign policies of both the Obama and Trump administrations, an unambiguous response to Russia's annexation of Crimea and the Kremlin's record of using gas deliveries as a weapon of coercion in Eastern Europe. The recent decision by the Biden administration to reverse the policy of its predecessors and to refrain from sanctioning participants in the pipeline project is nothing but a capitulation to pressure from Germany and a gift to Russian President Vladimir Putin. The damage to American national interest will be profound....
"The willingness of the administration to make decisions of this magnitude without consulting the countries most exposed will not be lost on other parts of the world. Jerusalem and Riyadh, for example, are no doubt already strategizing around the potential of facing a surprise similar to the one that Washington just delivered to Warsaw and Kyiv....
"The lesson learned by Germany is that it can pursue its own inclinations of doing business with dictators regardless of principles and with no consequences from Washington. More dangerously, the lesson for Moscow and Beijing is that sanctions for international aggression will never be sustained for very long. The Biden administration has made the fragile international order even less secure."
In a joint statement, Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba and Polish Foreign Minister Zbigniew Rau said that the Biden-Merkel deal "has created political, military and energy threats for Ukraine and Central Europe, while increasing Russia's potential to destabilize the security situation in Europe, perpetuating divisions among NATO and European Union member states."
The Ukrainian Parliament, in a two-page statement, said:
"Nord Stream 2 is a purely geopolitical project aimed at making Europe dependent on the Russian gas monopoly. Moscow is implementing this project with a view to exacerbating and strengthening discordances within the democratic and European communities. The Nord Stream 2 project is also a tool for projecting the military force of the Russian Federation against NATO countries in Russia's priority, the Baltic Sea....
"The project creates conditions for Russia's escalation of military aggression against Ukraine, as well as the continuation of a hybrid war against the EU and NATO. The commissioning of the pipeline will remove Ukraine's important lever to contain Russia, making it vulnerable to the Kremlin's anti-democratic and anti-reformist vision of Ukraine. This Russian pipeline threatens the national security not only of Ukraine, but also of all of Europe."
U.S. Senator Ted Cruz, a fierce opponent of the pipeline, described the Biden-Merkel deal as "catastrophic" for U.S. strategic interests. In an opinion article published by the Washington Examiner, Cruz wrote:
"This decision is a total surrender to Putin. It is a multibillion-dollar gift that will keep on giving in perpetuity at the expense of the United States and our allies. It is a generational geopolitical mistake. Russian dictators, decades from now, will be reaping billions of dollars every year from President Joe Biden's gift....
"The U.S.-German deal is embarrassingly weak. It relies on a vague assurance that after Putin ramps up the blackmail enabled by the deal, Germany will take unspecified actions in response. When asked for details of what such actions might be, the White House says it doesn't want to specify because doing so would benefit Putin. Again, embarrassing.
"Overall, Biden handed Putin the biggest gift he's received in years. He also signaled to Putin that when push comes to shove, the American president is weak and will bow to political pressure."
European affairs columnist Wolfgang Münchau noted that the political cost of the U.S.-German deal on Nord Stream 2 will vastly exceed its commercial benefits:
"The Baltic States and Poland, as well as Ukraine, see the pipeline as a massive violation of their own security interests. The first consequence will be a strategic alliance between Poland and China. That has already started. China is the only security option left for Poland, as Russia and Germany are building a political axis that leaves Poland in the lurch — now with US support. As a sheer by-product, any attempt by the EU to forge a closer and common foreign security policy is doomed now....
"Biden and his foreign policy team believe, wrongly in my view, that they can co-opt Germany into their China strategy. They will discover that the candidate most likely to succeed Angela Merkel is even more of a mercantilist than she is. Armin Laschet stands in the tradition of German corporatism."
Robin Alexander, columnist for the German newspaper Die Welt, noted:
"Remarkably, Washington agreed to end its opposition to the project without any recognizable benefit in exchange: Merkel has neither promised increased engagement for NATO nor more clarity about China. The compromise between Biden and Merkel is not a compromise at all, but an American capitulation."
Veteran geopolitical analyst Andrew Michta warned that America's capitulation on Nord Stream 2 will "redefine" Europe for years to come:
"The strategic myopia of the NS2 decision is disheartening, for it shows our inability to learn from Europe's evolution over the past three decades. The stunning transformation of post-communist Europe after 1990 was possible not only because of the powerful appeal of democracy and markets, but above all because Russia was literally expelled from the region. It was that factor above all others that allowed for NATO and then EU enlargement to the East, thereby creating the conditions that transformed Central Europe from a hyperinflation-ridden economic basket case into the most rapidly growing part of the European Union. National security and state sovereignty were the sine qua non of the successful transformation of post-communist Central Europe. Furthermore, the emergence of Belarus and Ukraine alongside the Russian Federation offered the greatest opportunity to date for Russia itself to break out of the imperial cycle. So long as the sovereignty of Belarus and Ukraine were preserved, there would be no back-to-empire pathway for Moscow, with the Russian Federation having at least a shot at becoming a 'normal' nation-state....
"In light of the NS2 deal and what it signifies in geostrategic terms, Ukraine's continued independence has been put further in question, while Belarus is no longer in a position to charter an even quasi-independent course of Russia, making a regional solution to the security equation in the region that favors NATO all but unattainable. And if Putin completes the process of re-assembling the Russian imperial core, his armor and missile installations will be right at NATO's Eastern border.
"As one surveys Europe's recent history, there are only a few policy decisions that in hindsight deserve to be called transformative, for they set in motion developments that would shape power relationships between states for years to come. We have not yet seen the full impact of the NS2 deal, but arguably the consequences of the US-German agreement will reverberate across Europe for years to come."
A Brief History of Nord Stream 2
Nord Stream 2 is led by Russia's Gazprom, with half of the funding provided by Germany's Uniper and Wintershall, the Anglo-Dutch company Shell, Austria's OMV and France's Engie.
Despite the multinational participation, the pipeline is essentially a German-Russian project promoted from its inception by Germany's center-left Social Democratic Party (SPD), which, even during the Cold War, viewed closer economic ties with Russia to defuse East-West tensions.
Germany's former SPD chancellor, Gerhard Schröder, a confidant of President Putin, has been Europe's leading proponent of the pipeline. Schröder, who led Germany between 1998 and 2005, has been the Chairman of Shareholders' Committee of Nord Stream since 2006. He is also Chairman of the Board of Directors of Rosneft, Russia's biggest oil producer. He has used his connections in Germany and elsewhere in Europe to lobby for both Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2.
In 2017, when Nord Stream was suffering from several serious setbacks, the former SPD leader and Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel revived the project, as did his successor, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, who is now Germany's president.
Germany's current Social Democratic Foreign Minister, Heiko Maas, has criticized U.S. sanctions as foreign interference: "Decisions on European energy policy are made in Europe, not the USA. We fundamentally reject foreign interventions and sanctions with extraterritorial effects."
Europe is, in fact, deeply divided over the Nord Stream project and Germany is in the minority position. Russia is the largest supplier of natural gas to the EU, according to Eurostat. Just over 40% of EU imports of natural gas come from Russia, followed by Norway (at around 35%). Nord Stream 2, when combined with the existing Nord Stream 1, would concentrate 80% of the EU's Russian-imported gas along that pipeline route.
Germany's Nordic, Baltic and Eastern European neighbors have accused Berlin of ignoring their concerns that the pipeline is a threat to Europe's energy security and that it will strengthen Gazprom's already dominant position on the market.
In March 2016, the leaders of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia, in a letter to the European Commission, warned that Nord Stream 2 would pose "risks for energy security in the region of central and eastern Europe" and generate "potentially destabilizing geopolitical consequences."
A report by the Swedish Defense Research Agency found that Russia has threatened to cut energy supplies to Central and Eastern European more than 50 times. Even after some of those states joined the European Union, Russian threats continued.
In December 2018, the European Parliament, by a vote of 433 to 105, condemned Nord Stream 2 as "a political project that poses a threat to European energy security." It called for the project to be cancelled.
Nord Stream 2 should have been operational at the end of 2019, but the project was delayed after applications to lay pipes under Danish waters were left pending since April 2017. Nord Stream Chairman Gerhard Schroeder blamed U.S. political pressure on Denmark as the main reason for the delay in approving the permits. "Denmark is putting Europe's energy security at risk," he said.
After Denmark's Social Democratic Party won the Danish general elections in June 2019, the new government removed the last major hurdle to complete the Russian-led project. In October 2019, the Danish Energy Agency approved a permit for Nord Stream to lay pipes in a 147-km section in the Danish Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) southeast of Bornholm, a Danish island in the Baltic Sea.
In August 2020, after Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny was poisoned with novichok, a military-grade nerve agent developed by the Soviet Union, Chancellor Merkel faced intense pressure to pull out of the pipeline project. Merkel said that the two issues should be "decoupled." The Biden administration, apparently, agrees with Merkel on rewarding dictators and human rights violators with multibillion dollar business deals.
*Soeren Kern is a Senior Fellow at the New York-based Gatestone Institute.
© 2021 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

It’s Time for Biden to Leave a Bad Deal in the Past
Richard Goldberg/National Review/August 04/2021
A change in Iranian presidents doesn’t change the badness of the Iran deal.
When Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei selected Ebrahim Raisi to be the next president of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Khamenei was sending Washington a message akin to Nikita Khrushchev’s infamous 1956 pronouncement: “We will bury you.” But don’t tell that to the unflappable advocates of appeasement in Washington who insist it is always the right time for rapprochement with Iran.
Raisi is a hanging judge who sentenced thousands of political prisoners to die, and he remains ideologically devoted to the Islamic Revolution. Yet somehow, the appeasers believe his inauguration this week will magically open the door to peace for our time.
Back in 2013, this same group was promoting a completely different narrative. After the supreme leader selected the supposedly moderate Hassan Rouhani to be president following eight years of threats and bluster from Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Western newspapers and analysts hailed Rouhani’s elevation as a sure sign that Iran was passing into Thermidor.
“Iranians took a step toward ending their country’s isolation by voting overwhelmingly in weekend presidential elections for a moderate reformer who promised a clean break from policies that put Iran on a collision course with the West,” wrote the Washington Post. “Rouhani will have a powerful mandate to improve Iran’s international relations and attempt to negotiate a settlement of Iran’s nuclear activities.”
An article in the New York Times, headlined “President-Elect Stirs Optimism in Iran and West,” noted that “there is growing optimism in Iran and in the West that Mr. Rouhani, 64, is ready to restart serious talks on the nuclear issue.”
Rouhani, of course, was no moderate, nor even a reformer. Those who looked more closely saw he was a loyal servant of the supreme leader. He was a member of the Supreme National Security Council’s special operations committee during the high-water mark of Iranian terrorism abroad — including the 1992 bombing of the Israeli embassy in Argentina, the 1992 assassination of four dissidents at a Berlin restaurant, the 1994 bombing of the Jewish community center in Buenos Aires that left 85 people dead, and the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 U.S. airmen.
But the pro-engagement narrative at least made sense. Iran faced significant economic pressure after Congress imposed sanctions on the regime’s central bank and forced the SWIFT financial-messaging system to cut off Iranian banks. Compared to Ahmadinejad and his calls for wiping Israel off the map, Khamenei’s other lieutenants came off as superficially moderate at least. This gave the Obama White House the political room to bring secret talks with the regime into the public domain — and press forward with what would become the Iran nuclear deal.
Eight years later, no amount of spin or massage can cast the man hand-picked by the supreme leader to be the next president as a moderate. In 1988, as a zealous young prosecutor, Raisi sat on Iran’s death commission, ordering the execution of so-called “apostates” and “denigrators of Islam” every hour for months. The Hangman of Tehran called these murders “one of the proudest achievements of the system.” He would keep sending Iranians to their death for several decades: as chief prosecutor in Tehran, first deputy head of Iran’s judiciary, and, most recently, as judiciary chief. That is why the Treasury Department imposed sanctions on Raisi in 2019.
If the selection of a “moderate” cleared the way for diplomacy in 2013, wouldn’t a return to a fire-breathing “hardliner” like Raisi spell its demise? Not at all, argue the nuclear-deal die-hards.
“Why Raisi Is the West’s Best Hope for a Deal with Iran,” suggested the headline on a column from Johns Hopkins’s Vali Nasr. “Hard-liners would never accept an agreement signed by a moderate — but they’ll fall into line if it comes from one of their own.”
“For Biden, Iranian Hard-liner May Be Best Path to Restoring Nuclear Deal,” added the New York Times. On the Times opinion page, Ali Vaez and Dina Esfandiary added to the chorus: “The Hard-Liners Won in Iran. That’s Not All Bad News.”
When asked if Raisi’s selection would complicate the administration’s drive to rejoin the nuclear deal and lift U.S. sanctions on the world’s leading state sponsor of terrorism, Biden national-security adviser Jake Sullivan said only one person mattered in Iran: the supreme leader. How funny — that’s exactly what opponents of the nuclear deal said back in 2013 when the Obama administration was selling America on the need to embrace a flawed nuclear deal to empower “Rouhani the moderate.”
Of course, Sullivan is correct — and the selection of Raisi is only one of many signals the supreme leader has sent Biden this year, making clear that Khamenei fully intends to pocket any sanctions relief he receives from Washington to fuel the Islamic Republic’s war on the United States and its allies.
The Justice Department revealed this month that Iran attempted to carry out a terrorist attack on American soil, kidnapping a U.S. citizen from New York. Iran-backed proxies in Iraq have attacked U.S. forces for months with little to no response from Biden. Iran-sponsored terror groups such as Hamas in Gaza and the Houthis in Yemen have lobbed missiles at Israel and Saudi Arabia. And the supreme leader has vastly escalated his nuclear provocations — enriching uranium up to 60 percent purity, producing uranium metal, and limiting monitoring by international inspectors.
In every way that matters, Khamenei is telling Biden, “We will bury you.” Biden’s response has been to offer cash. After all, the nuclear deal is fundamentally an appeasement pact masquerading as a nonproliferation deal; it offers Iran money for temporary nuclear restraint, and no restraint at all on the development of nuclear-capable missiles and the regime’s pursuit of regional hegemony.
In his first press conference as president-select, Raisi made clear that Iran would never negotiate the longer, stronger deal Biden said he could achieve by first returning to the old one. Khamenei reaffirmed as much last week. Biden should take “no” for an answer and leave a bad deal where it belongs — in the past.
*Richard Goldberg is a senior adviser at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. He served on Capitol Hill, on the U.S. National Security Council, as the governor of Illinois’s chief of staff, and as a U.S. Navy Reserve intelligence officer. Follow him on Twitter @rich_goldberg. FDD is a nonpartisan think tank focused on foreign policy and national security issues.

Analysis: Iran escalates maritime conflict against Israel
Joe Truzman/FDD's Long War Journal/August 04/2021
On Thursday evening, Iran reportedly carried out a drone attack off the coast of Oman against the MTT Mercer Street, an Israeli-operated oil vessel, resulting in the deaths of one Romanian and one British citizen.
“Two of the officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive military matters, said the attack appeared to have been carried out by several unmanned Iranian drones that crashed into living quarters underneath the ship’s command center, or bridge,” a New York Times report stated.
The attack came less than a month after the targeting of the CSAV Tyndall by Iran, according to Israeli officials. Although in that case, the partial owner of the Tyndall – an Israeli businessman – sold his share of the company months before the attack occurred.
Iran’s previous attacks against Israeli-owned commercial vessels have been limited to disabling the ship’s operation. However, Friday’s attack was reportedly a deliberate attempt to cause casualties and escalate the tit-for-tat maritime conflict between the two countries.Despite a denial by Iran, Israel, the United States and Britain have publicly blamed Iran for the attack.
Iran’s New Strategy
An Iranian news site, citing unidentified ‘well informed sources,’ claimed Iran’s attack was in response to an IDF airstrike near a military airport in Syria that resulted in the deaths of a Hezbollah and a Fatemiyoun commander on July 22. The al-Alam report has also been cited in numerous news articles as the reason for the attack, however, that is unlikely to be the case.
It’s improbable Iran would respond in this manner to the killing of members of militias they support in Syria and Lebanon. Hezbollah has the capability to respond to Israeli military action without assistance from Iran and has demonstrated its ability to do so numerous times in the past. Additionally, it’s highly unlikely Iran would attack an Israeli target over the death of a Fatemiyoun commander.
The drone strike against the MTT Mercer Street was more likely a response to Israel’s repeated attacks against Iran’s nuclear program, including the killing of its top nuclear scientist, Mohsen Fakhrizadeh.
Iran has identified Israeli interests at sea to be the most vulnerable to an attack and has been exploiting them in an attempt to level the playing field against a powerful Israeli military.
The killing of the crew members represents a departure in Iranian strategy and creates a challenge for Israel on how to respond without triggering a broader conflict in the region. Additionally, the involvement of the United States, United Kingdom and Romania, may complicate this effort as the countries will have to agree on an appropriate response.
With previous Iranian attacks, Israel had the freedom to choose its response. However, with the Biden Administration’s involvement, it is unlikely Israel will have every option available.
Despite the challenges, it is important that Israel succeeds in sending a message that will create a deterrent effect in Tehran. A limited response will be viewed as weakness and will further embolden Iran to continue these types of attacks in the future.
*Joe Truzman is a contributor to FDD's Long War Journal.